Lesson 120 ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿซ Basic English with Jennifer - Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS)

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2021-07-02 ใƒป English with Jennifer


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Lesson 120 ๐Ÿ‘ฉโ€๐Ÿซ Basic English with Jennifer - Coordinating Conjunctions (FANBOYS)

11,531 views ใƒป 2021-07-02

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi everyone! Iโ€™m Jennifer from English with Jennifer. This is a very special lesson. Itโ€™s the last lesson with my dear students from Brazil, Flavia and Andreia.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„! ์ €๋Š” Jennifer์™€ English์—์„œ ์˜จ Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ ์˜จ ์นœ์• ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค, Flavia์™€ Andreia์™€์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
We had to stop our lessons in 2020 because of COVID, but in early 2021, we were able to meet on Zoom. I wanted to teach the ladies a few more things before we said goodbye.
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2020๋…„์—๋Š” ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ 2021๋…„ ์ดˆ ์คŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ˆ™๋…€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
Would you like to learn how to join ideas together? Letโ€™s practice coordinating conjunctions.
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์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋“ฑ์œ„์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:44
Okay, ladies. I'm going to show you a picture.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ˆ™๋…€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
Do you see?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”?
00:51
Mmm. Aw.
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์Œ. ์•„.
00:53
Yeah. What do you see?
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์‘. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:56
Baby elephant. Yeah. A baby elephant and?
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์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ. ์‘. ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์™€?
01:02
Her mom?
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—„๋งˆ?
01:04
Maybe the mom. It could be he or she. The baby elephant and its mother because we don't know if the baby elephant is a boy or girl.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์—„๋งˆ. ๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋…„์ธ์ง€ ์†Œ๋…€์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
The baby elephant and its mother. And what's the baby elephant doing?
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์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ทธ ์–ด๋ฏธ. ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:17
Or where is it?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:20
Close. Close. Why do you think the baby elephant is close to the mother?
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๋‹ซ๋‹ค. ๋‹ซ๋‹ค. ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฏธ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:27
Because it's love...
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ...
01:31
Yeah. It loves its mom. How does it feel? How do you think the baby elephant feels?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜. ์—„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”? ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์€ ์–ด๋–จ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
01:36
Say it. Protect. Protected. Safe. Protected. The mother is protecting the baby. Yeah. Good things.
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๋งํ•ด. ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ˜ธ. ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ. ๋ณดํ˜ธ. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‘. ์ข‹์€ ์ผ.
01:44
Something I heard that was good is "because." There are different ways to join our ideas. "Because" is one of them.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์€ "์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด"๋„ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
The baby is with its mother because it loves its mother. The mother is with its baby because it's protecting the baby. Right?
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์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๊ธฐ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
02:02
There are other ways we join ideas together, and this for speaking and for writing.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์™€ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
Have you ever heard about FANBOYS? Has any teacher taught you that?
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FANBOYS์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
02:14
It's just a way to remember some joining words that we call conjunctions, coordinating conjunctions.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ, ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
So, FANBOYS are...stands for FOR, AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, and SO. Those are coordinating conjunctions. Okay?
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FANBOYS๋Š”... FOR, AND, NOR, BUT, OR, YET, SO๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:39
So, I'm going to go over here, and put them there for you to see.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋†“์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
These are words that we use to join whole ideas together, or whole clauses. I know you use "and" and "but." Maybe you also use "or" as well. "So" is very common.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ฒด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์ฒด ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด "and"์™€ "but"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋˜๋Š”"๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
The baby is with its mother. The mother can protect it.
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์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์ผœ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
Which of those words, which of those conjunctions shows the reason? The result? What would you put in there?
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ, ๊ทธ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋“ค ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ? ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋„ฃ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:12
Say it again. So. "So" makes a lot of sense. "So" is like saying, um, "and as a result" or "for that reason."
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด๋ด. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ. "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ์Œ, "๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ" ๋˜๋Š” "๊ทธ ์ด์œ  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
So, "so" is good for introducing reasons. Right? Results.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "so"๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
03:28
Why is the baby with its mother? So the mother can protect it. The baby is with its mother, so the mother can protect it now.
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์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Mm-hmm. What if I say, um, "The baby elephant is large." It's not like a cute little rabbit. Right? So, the baby elephant is large.
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์Œ-ํ . ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์Œ, "์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”? ์ž‘๊ณ  ๊ท€์—ฌ์šด ํ† ๋ผ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
"It's still small enough to need protection."
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"์•„์ง ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:55
So, yes, it's large. But... It's a contrast. "But it's still small enough to need protection." It's not like its mom. Yes, a baby elephant is big, but it's a baby.
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๋„ค, ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ... ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—„๋งˆ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ์•„๊ธฐ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
It's still small enough to need protection. We're joining with "but." Mm-hmm. Um, this is what I know about elephants.
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์•„์ง ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜"๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ-ํ . ์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Elephants are smart. Elephants are loyal. Right? They have family. They stick with their family. They protect each other.
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
How can we join them?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:29
And? Yes. So, what could we say? Elephants are... You have a couple choices. Elephants are smart...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ? ์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š”... ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์„ ํƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
04:39
And here you don't want to keep repeating words. You could say, "And they are loyal." But again, you could even shorten that more if we have two similar words
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:53
and they have similar grammar. "Smart" and "loyal" are adjectives, so you don't even have to write that long sentence. You could say, "Elephants are smart..."
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ โ€‹โ€‹๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋” ์ค„์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Smart์™€ Loyal์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ธ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด..."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
What's the shortest sentence I can make? Loyal. Yeah. Elephants are smart and loyal. Right?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ถฉ์‹คํ•œ. ์‘. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
05:12
If it's a short sentence and I just have two adjectives (Elephants are smart and loyal), and I use "and." If it's a longer sentence with two ideas, what do I use? What's that punctuation mark?
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์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๊ณ  ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ(์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค)๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด "and"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ๋‘์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:28
Comma. Comma. So, when you're joining ideas together, and there are two complete ideas. This has a subject and a verb. This has a subject and a verb.
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๋ฐ˜์ . ๋ฐ˜์ . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
That's when we use ",and" / ", but"/ ", so." When you're writing and you join these longer ideas together, that's when you need a comma.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ",and" / ", but"/ ", so."๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์‰ผํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
When we're speaking, um, it's more just a pause. Elephants are smart, and they are loyal.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ถฉ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
Okay? So, "and" is for additions. "But" is for contrast. "So" is like introducing the reason or the result. What about "or"?
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "and"๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜"๋Š” ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋˜๋Š”"์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:10
There's two possibilities for food, and we're sorry if we're incorrect. We aren't experts on elephants. The elephants eat leaves. People might feed them nuts.
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์Œ์‹์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋จน์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
Putting these ideas together, what's the long sentence? What if I want to show this is possible; this is possible?
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์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค?
06:35
Or. Or. The contrast. The alternative. "Or people might feed them nuts."
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๋˜๋Š”. ๋˜๋Š”. ๋Œ€์กฐ. ๋Œ€์•ˆ. "์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฌ๊ณผ๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ๋จน์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:47
The most common coordinating conjunctions are AND, OR, BUT, SO.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š” AND, OR, BUT, SO์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Practice some more. Use each conjunction once in the following sentences.
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์ข€ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:37
How do you want to study? We can meet in person, or we can meet on Zoom.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ˆ? ์ง์ ‘ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Zoom์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
Notice, by the way, we're joining complete ideas, each with a subject and a verb. But we can use coordinating conjunctions with shorter ideas.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์งง์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
How would you like to study? We can meet in person or on Zoom.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ง์ ‘ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Zoom์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Flavia and Andreia live close to the city, but I live farther away in the suburbs.
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Flavia์™€ Andreia๋Š” ๋„์‹œ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์— ์‚ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ต์™ธ์—์„œ ๋” ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
Andreia has pets, and she works in at an animal shelter, so itโ€™s clear that she loves animals.
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Andreia๋Š” ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
What about "yet"? It's like "but." It shows a contrast. You can use "yet" alone. Some people use "and yet" together because you're adding information, but it's a contrast.
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"์•„์ง"์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„์ง"๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "and yet"์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
The ladies learned a lot, and yet there is much more for them to study!
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์ˆ™๋…€๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
08:52
How about NOR and FOR? Those are more formal conjunctions. Watch and learn.
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NOR๊ณผ FOR๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋‹ค.
09:01
You might have learned "yet" as a time word. Like, "Are you done?" "Not yet." Like, "I need more time."
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"์•„์ง"์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์› ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋๋‚ฌ์–ด?" "์•„์ง ์•„๋‹˜." "์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•ด."
09:08
But we can also use "yet" to join ideas together, and there's a contrast. It's a little more formal. It's not very common, so right now, I would say I want you to understand it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "์•„์ง"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
You don't really have to use it right now, but I want you do understand if you see it or hear it. "Yet" can be a contrast word.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ๊ผญ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ค ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ค์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„์ง"์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
Sometimes people put it together with "and." Not just "yet," but "and yet." So, you'll hear that. And yet. Elephants are gentle, yet they can protect themselves.
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ "and"์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„์ง"์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "์•„์ง"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜จ์ˆœํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Elephants are gentle, and yet they can fight to protect themselves. It's another way to express a contrast. It's a little bit more formal.
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์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜จ์ˆœํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
Especially if we're going to use it in speaking, I hear people join it together with "and." And yet...
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ํŠนํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ "์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ...
09:59
And you hear my voice. But. And yet.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ. ์•„์ง.
10:04
They definitely can fight to protect themselves. So, we've done "and." Oh! There's two in there that we haven't talked about.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ "๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค! ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
F for "for" and N for "nor." Mm-hmm. Let's do "nor." Does that sound like affirmative or negative?
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F๋Š” "for"์ด๊ณ  N์€ "nor"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ-ํ . "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
10:24
Negative. Negative. This is very...It's much more formal. Remember how we practiced "Neither do I"?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ...ํ›จ์”ฌ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "๋‚˜๋„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ"๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์Šตํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:34
You may hear people say, "Nor do I." There's number four.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "๋‚˜๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 4๋ฒˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
Nor am I. Nor do I. You will not likely say this. It sounds...It's not just for agreement. It could be for other statements, like, um, "Her husband doesn't smoke, nor does mine." Nor does he. Yes.
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๋‚˜๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ตฐ์š”...ํ•ฉ์˜๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋‚จํŽธ์€ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋‚จํŽธ๋„ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ.
11:00
It's just a negative word to add on, but the difference is we should continue the sentence. Elephants don't sing, nor do they dance.
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๋ง๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ž˜ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ถค์ถ”์ง€๋„ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
11:19
So, I don't start a new sentence. I can continue a sentence. Again, these are words that join ideas.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋“ค์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
So, just like ", and"/ ", but"/ ", so"/ ", nor."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ", and"/ ", but"/ ", so"/ ", nor."
11:33
And what follows with "nor" is an addition, but a negative addition. They don't sing, nor do they dance. Nor do they dance. Mm-hmm.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "nor" ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง์…ˆ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์Œ์˜ ๋ง์…ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ถค๋„ ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ถค๋„ ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์Œ-ํ .
11:44
And look at the grammar there. I have to use the verb before the subject. Nor do they dance. Right?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ฃผ์–ด ์•ž์— ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถค๋„ ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
11:53
I'm going to show you one more because it's part of the FANBOYS collection here. The conjunctions. All these words that join ideas together.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ FANBOYS ์ปฌ๋ ‰์…˜์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋” ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ. ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค.
12:03
"For" is another one, and it's very similar to "because." It's more formal, so again, I want you do understand it. You may not necessarily want to use it yet in writing or speaking
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"For"๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  "because"์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธ€์ด๋‚˜ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„
12:17
because it's kind of formal, but it's another way to say "because." The mother will protect her baby, for that is what a mother does. (Repeats.) Because that is what a mother does.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ "because"๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.) ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
Okay? So again, these are all words that join ideas together, and they're complete ideas: subject + verb, subject + verb. And the joining word is called "conjunction." So, FANBOYS is a way to remember them.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์–ด๋ฅผ "์ ‘์†์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ FANBOYS๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
F for "for." N for "nor." Y for "yet." Those three are a little more formal. You won't use them as much as BUT, OR, AND, SO. Right? But they're there.
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F๋Š” "์šฉ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. N์€ "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Y๋Š” "์•„์ง"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. BUT, OR, AND, SO๋งŒํผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
Can you change this sentence and use "for"?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ "for"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:24
Never fear mistakes in your language studies, for mistakes are part of the process.
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์–ธ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
Can you correct the mistake in this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:48
First, let me tell you about the word "contributions." That's a noun. A plural noun. It comes from the verb "contribute," which means to add something useful, something of value.
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๋จผ์ € "๊ณตํ—Œ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ. ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ, ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” "๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
Flavia and Andreia contributed to my videos. They made special contributions.
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Flavia์™€ Andreia๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ณตํ—Œ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
Remember with "nor" we need to switch the position of the subject and verb.
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"nor"๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:16
So the correct sentence is: I will never forget Flavia and Andreia, nor will I stop being thankful for their contributions.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” Flavia์™€ Andreia๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณตํ—Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
Well, do you think this is a recent photo or a very old photo? Recent. Recent. Yeah.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜. ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜. ์‘.
14:41
Why do you think it's recent, Flavia? Because of the mask. Uh-huh. The mother is wearing a mask...
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์™œ ์ตœ๊ทผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด, Flavia? ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด ํ—ˆ. ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค...
14:58
Must be...I think that the case. I'm using "must" because I'm certain. I'm pretty certain I'm right. Right? Which conjunction fits in here? For.
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ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†์ด... ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "ํ•„์ˆ˜"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š”? ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ.
15:12
Oh. No? I'll show you. If you did for, I would switch it around. The photo must be recent, for the mother is wearing a mask. Because the mother is wearing a mask.
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์˜ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”? ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๊ฒ ์ง€. ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ.
15:34
You could do that. Right? It's not possible in the first? No. No. These conjunctions...they join in the middle. They join idea #1 and idea #2 together.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์•ˆ๋˜๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ. ์•„๋‹ˆ. ์ด ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ...๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด #1๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด #2๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
I think "so." Again, yes. Yes. I think "so" again.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์š”." ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ "๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค"๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค.
16:07
What can we say about the child?
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์•„์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:15
Watch this. The child...too. The child is too. Now you could write that as a separate sentence, or I could join these together. And how would they be joined?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์•„์ด๋„... ์—ญ์‹œ. ์•„์ด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ํ•ฉ์น  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:28
And? And. Mm-hmm. And the child is too. The mother is dressed warmly, and the child is too. Okay Again, when we're writing, you're going to see that comma + conjunction.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ . ์Œ-ํ . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์‰ผํ‘œ + ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:40
Right? When we're speaking, you're going to hear it. Right? The mother is wearing a mask, so the photo must be recent.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž„์— ํ‹€๋ฆผ์—†๋‹ค.
16:47
The photo must be recent, for the mother is wearing a mask. The mother is dressed warmly, and the child is too. There's that little pause.
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์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด๊ฒ ์ง€. ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฉˆ์ถค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
Aha! And do you also hear my voice? The mother is dressed warmly, and the child is too. Right? You'll hear my voice pause, and you'll also hear me go down at the very end. This is the end of my sentence. This is just the middle.
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์•„ํ•˜! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ? ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
I chose this photo for you. What can you tell me about that photo?
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:25
Oh, how about this? Let me change this. He is... I'm going to change this to..."at." What word logically fits?
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์˜ค, ์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”... ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ "at"๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”?
17:41
But. Mm-hmm. It's a contrast. Right? And if he's not a player, what do we call the people in the stadium? "Yay! Go team!"
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ. ์Œ-ํ . ๋Œ€์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ๊นŒ์š”? "์•ผํ˜ธ! ํ™”์ดํŒ…!"
17:55
Fan? Fan. He's a fan. He's a fan. Okay? We'll do one or two more. How about this guy?
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ํŒฌ? ํŒฌ. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํŒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํŒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:14
And yet. You may see this. "Yet" is...because I don't want to use "but" twice. But I need another contrast word. The man is good-looking, but the car is not, and yet the photo is very nice.
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์•„์ง. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„์ง"์€... "๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜"๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์กฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ์ž˜์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋ชป์ƒ๊ฒผ๋Š”๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ฐธ ์ด์˜๋„ค์š”.
18:28
It's like "and still." You know. "And yet." So these are contrast words. Not everyone will say that's right. You just might use the one.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ"์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์ž–์•„. "๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„." ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์˜ณ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:39
But often, especially in less formal English, I hear this used together. And yet the photo is very nice. Okay?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ข…์ข…, ํŠนํžˆ ๋œ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
18:48
One last one. Here's our last photo.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํ•˜๋‚˜. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
What do you see, Flavia?
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๋ญ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‹ˆ, ํ”Œ๋ผ๋น„์•„?
18:58
They are laugh...laughing.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค...์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
19:06
Nor are they... Yes. Nor are they arguing. Because "nor" is already negative. They are not angry, nor are they arguing.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„... ์˜ˆ. ๋…ผ์Ÿ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "nor"๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€๋„, ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
And this means they are not arguing. So that's what it means. "And they are not arguing either" is what you're saying. And they are not arguing either. Okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
19:33
So, this might be the first time you're seeing NOR, YET, FOR. This is the time just to understand and start looking and listening, and you'll see more examples.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ NOR, YET, FOR๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
The ones I want you to feel confident about: BUT, AND, SO, OR. Those ones are more common. Okay? So, those are our FANBOYS. Right?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ: BUT, AND, SO, OR. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ FANBOYS์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
19:57
If you want to practice, you could always create your own sentences, and send them to me. I would check them for you and let you know. Okay?
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ž์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
20:05
All right, ladies. Um, we're going to be finishing up, but I personally want to thank you so, so very much for not just this lesson, but all the lessons that you made with me.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ˆ™๋…€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋๋‚ผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ง ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
And for showing people how you can learn English, and it's okay to make mistakes, and it's okay to laugh. It's okay to get angry, and I think you guys have been wonderful students
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ  ์›ƒ์–ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด. ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๊ณ ,
20:32
showing people how to learn English with a good attitude. We are so grateful for you to listen, to teach us a lot of things that we don't know. And now we are more confident.
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์ข‹์€ ํƒœ๋„๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
Yay! And I hope we will stay in touch. We'll definitely stay in touch. When we can take off the masks. After the vaccines. Then we can see each other, and we can give real hugs. Right? Okay?
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์˜ˆ์ด! ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ. ๋ฐฑ์‹  ํ›„. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ํฌ์˜น์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์ข‹์•„์š”?
21:06
Thank you so much, Jennifer. You are very special in our lives. And you are too. I'm very happy we were able to do this, so thank you. Thank you very much.
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์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
Yesterday I talked with my husband, and I remembered the first class when Flavia and I don't say nothing. You didn't say anything. You were shy. Because we are so nervous.
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์–ด์ œ ๋‚จํŽธ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด๋Š”๋ฐ, Flavia์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋˜ ์ฒซ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋ฌด ๋ง๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—.
21:36
And we can...we couldn't talk with you because we were afraid. And now we are more confident. I don't speak very well yet, but now I have confidence. And that's good. Confidence is important. It's very important,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”...๋‘๋ ค์›Œ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง ๋ง์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
21:57
and you've modeled that very, very well for everyone. Just try. So try. All right.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ์‹œ๋„. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
22:04
Like Flavia and Andreia, you're probably ready now for my other videos. Before we say goodbye, why don't you take a quiz to test your knowledge.
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Flavia์™€ Andreia์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ด์ œ ์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘๋ณ„ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ง€์‹์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
26:36
How did you do? Well, itโ€™s time to end. Remember I have many other playlists.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”? ์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
26:42
You can study grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, writing skills, and U.S. culture with me. Iโ€™m also on Instagram.
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ์–ดํœ˜, ๋ฐœ์Œ, ์ž‘๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ๋„ ํ•ด์š”.
26:52
And if you want regular practice, become a YouTube member for only $1/month. I share tasks on the community tab twice a week for intermediate and advanced students. Join me!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์›” $1๋กœ YouTube ํšŒ์›์ด ๋˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ค‘๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์—์„œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์ด ํ•ด!
27:07
Please remember to like this video and share the series with others who are learning English.
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
27:14
I thank you for being a part of this special journey with Flavia and Andreia. As always, I wish you happy studies!
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Flavia์™€ Andreia์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์—ฌ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
27:24
Follow me on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. And don't forget to subscribe here on YouTube. Click on that JOIN button to learn more about YouTube memberships.
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ํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ถ, ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ, ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”. YouTube์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. YouTube ๋ฉค๋ฒ„์‹ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด JOIN ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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