Formal and Informal Intonation: English Pronunciation with JenniferESL

36,224 views ใƒป 2017-03-03

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Think fast! I'll give you five seconds to name different ways to say hello.
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๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด! ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ 5์ดˆ ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Go.
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๊ฐ€๋‹ค.
00:15
Okay. Stop.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋‹ค.
00:18
Here's what I came up with in five seconds.
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5์ดˆ๋งŒ์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
We can say "hello" and "good morning" to anyone.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ "์•ˆ๋…•"๊ณผ "์ข‹์€ ์•„์นจ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
But once we start using "hi" and "hey,"
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋‹จ "hi"์™€ "hey"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
00:34
we're becoming less formal.
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๋œ ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
So we should really only use those kinds of greetings
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:39
when it's appropriate to be casual and friendly, right?
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์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
00:45
Of course, speaking informally goes beyond word choice.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
And that's what we'll focus on in this lesson
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
00:52
on formal and informal intonation.
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๊ณต์‹ ๋ฐ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์–ต์–‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
[title]
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[์ œ๋ชฉ]
01:12
First, your word choice.
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๋จผ์ € ๋‹จ์–ด ์„ ํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
It's the difference between "hello" and "hi."
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"์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”"์™€ "์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”"์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Or "how are you" and "what's up."
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๋˜๋Š” "์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”" ๋ฐ "์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”."
01:26
Second, your grammar.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•.
01:28
In informal English, we can bend certain rules.
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๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
For example, we say, "Coming?"
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "์˜ค์„ธ์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Instead of "Are you coming?"
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"์˜ค์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?" ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:38
Or "You comfortable?"
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๋˜๋Š” "ํŽธํ•ด์š”?"
01:41
Instead of "Are you comfortable?"
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"ํŽธํ•ด์š”?" ๋Œ€์‹ 
01:45
In everyday conversation, we use fewer words when we can get away with it.
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์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋” ์ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
01:50
Why say "I feel the same way,"
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"๋‚˜๋„"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ• 
01:54
when we can simply say "me too"?
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ "๋‚˜๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:59
And finally, there's our intonation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์–ต์–‘์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
We use falling and rising intonation in both formal and informal English,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋น„๊ณต์‹ ์˜์–ด ๋ชจ๋‘์—์„œ ํ•˜๊ฐ• ๋ฐ ์ƒ์Šน ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
02:07
but sometimes in slightly different ways.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Let me give you some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
Informal greetings can have more emotion, usually excitement.
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๋น„๊ณต์‹์  ์ธ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ์ •, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํฅ๋ถ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
And that's why you may here a rise-fall in a very friendly greeting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์นœ๊ทผํ•œ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
Hi. How are you? It's so good to see you!
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”? ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”!
02:32
A slightly more formal greeting will have greater control and more restraint.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ๋ฆฐ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ง์€ ๋” ํฐ ํ†ต์ œ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž์ œ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
You'll usually hear simple falling intonation.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ธํ† ๋„ค์ด์…˜์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Hello. Nice to meet you.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋งŒ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ€์›Œ์š”.
02:48
Very polite greetings may use a fall-rise.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ •์ค‘ํ•œ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํด๋ผ์ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
So you might hear a receptionist or a hostess at a fancy restaurant speak like this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์˜ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์›์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
Hello. Good evening.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์€ ์ €๋…์ด์—์š”.
03:06
Just as there's some variation in our greetings,
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์ธ์‚ฌ๋ง์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
03:09
there can be some variation in how we ask questions.
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์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Normally we use falling intonation on information questions.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Questions with wh- words.
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wh-๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ.
03:20
And we use rising intonation on yes-no questions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ-์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ์Šน ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
But here are two things to note.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
So compare these two questions.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‘ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:47
As mentioned in a previous lesson...
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์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด...
03:57
For example
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
04:04
Finally, how we get someone's attention or how we address someone by name
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋„๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:09
is influenced by our relationship.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
I used rising intonation.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒ์Šน ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
I sound uncertain, maybe hesitant.
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๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ €ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
I don't want to impose on my professor.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜์„ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Perhaps I have a question or a request of some sort.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Again, I'm using rising intonation,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ์Šน ์ธํ† ๋„ค์ด์…˜์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
04:53
but it's not at a very high pitch.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋†’์€ ์Œ์กฐ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
I use rising intonation like a question.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ์Šน ์–ต์–‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
I expect a response, or I hope for a response.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‘๋‹ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‘๋‹ต์„ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
It's a first-name basis, so it's not formal.
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์‹ค๋ช…์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์‹์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
It's rather neutral.
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๋‹ค์†Œ ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
I ask a question. I want a response.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์‘๋‹ต์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
Again, it's a first-name basis, but this sounds more commanding.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ธฐ์ค€์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ์œ„์—„ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
It's mostly falling intonation like a statement.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ช…์–ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์–ต์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
I expect a response, and I need one now.
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์‘๋‹ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‘๋‹ต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
Perhaps Jerry and I are equal,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ Jerry์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:32
or it could also be that I'm a little higher in position compared to Jerry.
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Jerry์— ๋น„ํ•ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋†’์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
Let's try a short dialog.
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์งง์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:47
It will go like this.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
Now I'll be person A and you be person B.
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์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” A๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ B๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Hello. Would you like a table for two?
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 2์ธ์šฉ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:34
All right. What is your last name, please?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:38
Very good. I'll call you when your table is ready.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์ด ์ค€๋น„๋˜๋ฉด ์ „ํ™”ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
06:43
Taylor? Party of four? ...This way, please.
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ํ…Œ์ผ๋Ÿฌ? 4์ธ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ? ...์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:48
Let's try switching, okay?
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์ „ํ™˜ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
06:50
I'll take role B and you take role A.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ญํ•  B๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ญํ•  A๋ฅผ ๋งก์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Actually, we're expecting another couple to join us, so we'll be a party of four.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ปคํ”Œ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 4์ธ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
Taylor.
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ํ…Œ์ผ๋Ÿฌ.
07:22
That's all for now. Thanks for watching and happy studies!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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