Words with Gender - U.S. Culture - Improve your vocabulary!

20,490 views ・ 2014-10-11

English with Jennifer


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

00:12
When I was growing up,
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we had a mailman.
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He wore a uniform,
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and he drove a mail truck
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to deliver our mail.
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Today postal workers often go around town
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in their street clothes.
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We can identify them
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because they're wearing an ID tag
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and they're carrying mail
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either in a big bag
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or some official vehicle of the United States Post Office --
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a truck, a van, a car.
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Also, today there are plenty of women doing the job.
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For that reason, we have the word "mail carrier."
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"Mail carrier" can refer to a man or a woman.
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There are other words like this in English.
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Let's talk about these gender-neutral words,
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as well as words that have remained
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masculine and feminine.
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Let's start with some familiar gendered nouns in English.
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I'll say a masculine word.
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01:13
You say the feminine equivalent.
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For example, if I say man,
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you say woman.
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And then we'll try to think of the word or words
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we can use to refer to two or more of these people together.
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In the case of "man"..."woman"...
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we can "people"..."adults"..."grown-ups."
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Let's move on.
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Do you know that word?
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One spouse, or we can talk about spouses.
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"Spouse" refers to someone you're married to.
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Okay? What else can we do?
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We'll just say, "Nephews and nieces" together.
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Also, in English we only have one word
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to refer to "cousin."
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A "cousin" can be a boy or a girl.
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How about...
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Two pronunciations in American English.
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Again, to refer to two or more we simply say,
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"Uncles and aunts"..."aunts and uncles."
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I thought of a few more.
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That was easy.
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How about...
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...with two Es.
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Here's one.
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As a group we can talk about heroes.
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Similarly...
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Or we can talk about gods, like the ancient gods.
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There were gods and goddesses.
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As a group: gods.
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All right. Let's move into royalty.
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And their children?
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As a group, we can talk about rulers or royalty.
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How about...
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If we talk about occupations,
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jobs that people do,
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it becomes a little more complicated.
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On the one hand, we have job titles
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for which there have always been gender neutral nouns --
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words that can refer to a man or a woman.
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For example...
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On the other hand, there are jobs for which
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we have masculine and feminine words.
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And althogh these words may still be in use
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in American English today,
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there is a growing tendency...
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a growing preference for a gender-neutral equivalent.
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Here's an example.
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Both words are still used,
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but we also now have the word "server."
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"Server" can be a man or a woman.
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If we're in a restaurant
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and you're sitting at the table,
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I might walk up and say,
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"Hello. I'm Jennifer. I'll be your server tonight."
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I'm identifying myself as your server.
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Here are some other ones.
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Similarly...
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Can you think of others?
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Here's the last group of my examples.
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And as a group?
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Although you will hear some actresses
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identify themselves as an actor.
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The two words are still in use today, though.
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Also, in entertainment we have...
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You don't hear that one as much.
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"Comedian" can actually refer to a man or a woman,
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but there is definitely one noun that is gender neutral.
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Someone who performs on stage by telling jokes.
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All right. Let's move to the business world.
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Who leads or chairs a committee?
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We can talk about a "chairman"
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or a "chairwoman."
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But there's also that gender-neutral equivalent:
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"chairperson."
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How about the person who organizes a dinner party?
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Or just a regular party?
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It could be a host
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or hostess.
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"Host" can actually refer to a man or a woman,
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but we definitely have a feminine equivalent.
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Together...your hosts.
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You definitely will use the word "host" for media.
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For example, a radio talk show host.
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A TV talk show host.
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All right. Final one.
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This is important for all of you who do traveling.
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On a plane, who helps passengers?
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In the past, we often talked about a stewardess
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who did that job.
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"Stewardesses" - plural.
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There actually is an equivalent, a masculine equivalent.
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But today almost always you will hear the word...
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If you followed along,
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you likely picked up some of the patterns.
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These patterns will help you recognize and form
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other nouns --
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plural nouns, masculine and feminine nouns.
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Let's see.
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What's the feminine equivalent of "grandson"?
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And what's the plural...
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if we have grandsons and granddaughters together?
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Now what's the feminine equivalent of "heir"?
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-- Someone who inherits a fortune.
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And what's the feminine equivalent of "businessman"?
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And together what group do they form?
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See how easy it is?
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That's all for this lesson.
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Thanks for watching and
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happy studies!
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