Learn English Expressions: JUST IN CASE

570,693 views ใƒป 2018-05-19

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:01
My name is Emma and in today's video I am going to teach you about a very important
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ ใ€้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช่ชžๅฝ™ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠๆ•™ใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:07
piece of vocabulary -- it's also very important when it comes to grammar -- and that is the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
00:12
expression: "Just in case" or we can also say: "in case".
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ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚ ๏ผš "ไธ‡ไธ€ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ"ใ€‚
00:17
So, we use this a lot in English, so it's very...
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚
00:20
It's something very important for you to learn.
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... ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:22
So let's talk about what it means and how we use it.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใจไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
00:26
So, we use: "in case" or "just in case"-we use both-when we are talking about doing something
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใ‚’้˜ฒใใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€"in case" ใพใŸใฏ "just in case" ใฎไธกๆ–นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
00:36
to prevent a problem.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:37
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:38
So we're talking about...
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ใคใพใ‚Š
00:39
Or doing something to prepare for a problem.
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ใ€ๅ•้กŒใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:43
So, we're looking at a problem and we're looking at preparation or prevention of that problem.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€ใใฎๅ•้กŒใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใพใŸใฏ้˜ฒๆญขใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:51
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:52
So, for example: "Tonight, I am going to a restaurant."
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๅคœใ€ ็งใฏใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
00:56
I'm very excited.
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็งใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
Now, the problem is I get cold very easily, and when I'm cold I'm not a very nice person;
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ็งใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ขจ้‚ชใ‚’ใฒใใ‚„ใ™ใ„ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ๅฏ’ใ„ใจใใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ„ใ„ไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:05
I get very cranky, and I'm not a good person to be with when I'm cold.
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็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไธๆฉŸๅซŒใซใชใ‚Šใ€ ๅฏ’ใ„ใจใใซไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
So my problem is I get cold easily.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€็ง ใŒ้ขจ้‚ชใ‚’ใฒใใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:15
What is my prevention or preparation for this problem?
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ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใฎไบˆ้˜ฒใพใŸใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
01:18
Well: "I will bring a sweater just in case I get cold."
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ใˆใƒผใจ๏ผšใ€Œๅฏ’ใใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:24
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:25
And that way I will have a great time at the restaurant, hopefully.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
01:28
So my problem is being cold, and my preparation is I'm going to bring a sweater.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฎๅ•้กŒใฏๅฏ’ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ€็งใฎ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™.
01:34
So, as you can see, if you think about life, we have a lot of these types of problems and
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆŠฑใˆใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒ
01:40
we do a lot of things to prepare for these types of problems.
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ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
So let's look at some other examples.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไป–ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
01:46
Okay, a problem is when it rains...
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸใจใ
01:50
Okay?
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ใงใ™.
01:51
A lot of the times when it rains, you know, I don't like getting wet, so what do I do?
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้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใใ€ ๆฟกใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่‹ฆๆ‰‹ใชใฎใงใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:57
Well, my preparation or prevention is I bring an umbrella, or maybe I'll bring a rain jacket.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฎๅ‚™ใˆใจไบˆ้˜ฒใฏ ใ€ๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ‹ใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:05
So: "I will bring an umbrella just in case it rains."
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:13
Another problem is if you work at 9am, you know, a lot of the times there's a lot of
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ๅˆๅ‰ 9 ๆ™‚ใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€่ปŠใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
02:19
cars; everybody's going to work at the same time, there's a lot of traffic.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…จๅ“กใŒ ๅŒๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บๅ‹คใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไบค้€š้‡ใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:25
And if there's a lot of traffic maybe you'll be late for work.
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ใพใŸใ€ไบค้€š้‡ใŒๅคšใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:30
So what will you do for this problem?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:33
So, traffic is the problem or maybe going to work late is the problem, but what you
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆธ‹ๆปžใ‚„้…ใใพใงไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€
02:39
can do to prevent or prepare for this problem is you can leave your house early.
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ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’้˜ฒๆญขใพใŸใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:45
So: "I leave my house early every day just in case there's traffic."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œ ไบค้€šๆธ‹ๆปžใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅๆ—ฉใๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:52
Another example of a problem is maybe you're going to visit your friend, and your friend
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ๅ•้กŒใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎไพ‹ใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ‹ไบบใ‚’่จชใญใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ€ๅ‹ไบบ
02:59
gives you their address.
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ใŒไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:00
Now, if you don't write down their address, you're going to be lost.
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ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆ ใŠใ‹ใชใ„ใจใ€้“ใซ่ฟทใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:05
I don't know where they live.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:06
I need to go to my friends' house, I forget their address; I don't know where they live.
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ๅ‹้”ใฎๅฎถใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใฉใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:10
So this is the problem.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
03:12
Especially if you're very forgetful like me or you always forget people's phone numbers
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็‰นใซ็งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็‰ฉๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŒๆฟ€ใ—ใ„ ไบบใ‚„ใ€ไบบใฎ้›ป่ฉฑ็•ชๅทใ‚„ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ไบบ
03:17
or, you know, where people live, this is a big problem.
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ใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
03:21
So what do you do to prevent this problem?
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’้˜ฒใใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:24
Well, you write down their address.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:27
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:28
On a piece of paper, your friend tells you their address, you write it down.
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็ด™ใซๅ‹้” ใŒไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:31
Why do you write it down?
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ใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:32
"You write down their address just in case you forget it."
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ใ€Œๅฟ˜ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆ ใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:37
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:38
You forget their address.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไฝๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:40
So I've just given you some examples of where we would use "just in case".
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ใใ“ใงใ€ ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ
03:43
There are a lot of examples for "just in case".
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ๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใฎไพ‹ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:47
I want you to think about your life.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
03:49
Is there something that happens every day to you, maybe you have some sort of problem
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๅ•้กŒใ‚„ๅฟƒ้…ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
03:53
or something you worry about?
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ใ€‚
03:56
So think about that for a second.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:58
Is there something you worry about every day, and what do you do to prepare for that or
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ๆ—ฅใ”ใ‚ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ใใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚„ใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใ‚’ๆœช็„ถใซ้˜ฒใใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:03
to prevent a problem from happening?
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ใ‹?
04:06
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:07
Maybe, you know, you're worried about failing your test, so you might create a study group
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซๅคฑๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟƒ้…ใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ็ ”็ฉถใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
04:15
just in case.
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.
04:16
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:17
Or maybe, you know, your teacher gives you homework.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ ๅ…ˆ็”ŸใŒๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:22
Maybe you will do the homework just in case they want to see it.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๅฎฟ้กŒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:26
So, you see what I'm saying?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:28
There's a lot of problems you might have, and a lot of preventions or preparations you
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ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒ ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
04:32
do for those problems.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ่กŒใ†ไบˆ้˜ฒใ‚„ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
So try to think of one in your own life.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใง่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:37
Okay, so now we are going to look at the grammar of "just in case" or "in case".
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œjust in caseใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œin caseใ€ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:44
Okay, so we've already looked at what are problems, and how we prepare or prevent problems.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ๅ•้กŒใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅ•้กŒใธใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚„้˜ฒๆญขใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ™ใงใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:49
Now let's look at some examples of: How do we create this sentence in a grammatical fashion?
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†: ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
04:55
So, I have here the sentence: "I will bring an umbrella in case it rains."
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:01
Do you remember what the problem is?
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ไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใ ใฃใŸใ‹่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
05:04
The problem is it rains, and the preparation is bringing an umbrella.
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ๅ•้กŒใฏ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:08
I have another sentence.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–‡ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:11
"I will leave my house early in case there is traffic."
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ใ€Œๆธ‹ๆปžใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๆ—ฉใ‚ใซๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:15
So, again, traffic is the problem, and leaving my house early is the preparation or the prevention
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆธ‹ๆปžใŒๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็งใฎๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บ็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒ ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใพใŸใฏ
05:23
of a problem.
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้˜ฒๆญขใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
So, I have a couple of questions for you about the grammar.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ„ใใคใ‹่ณชๅ• ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:29
I want you to look at the sentences, both of these sentences: Is the problem...?
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใปใ—ใ„ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใฎไธกๆ–น: Is the problem...?
05:34
So the problem we're talking about, do you see the problem before or after the expression
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ใงใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใฏ ใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใฎๅ‰ใจๅพŒใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
05:42
"in case"?
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ใ‹?
05:44
So where is the problem?
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ใงใฏใ€ใฉใ“ใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
05:46
So we find "in case".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
Is the problem before "in case", up here; or is the problem after "in case"?
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ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฎๅ‰ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฎๅพŒใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:53
It's after, right?
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ๅพŒใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:54
So, "it rains" is the problem, so: "in case it rains", these go together.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ€ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ ้™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:02
What about down here? "...in case", is the problem before the word "in case" or is it
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ใ“ใ“ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ...ๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใ€ ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ‰
06:07
after the word "in case"?
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
06:09
Well, the problem is traffic, so the problem comes after the word "in case".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏใƒˆใƒฉใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใชใฎใงใ€ ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅพŒใซๅ•้กŒใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
06:16
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:17
So if it helps you to remember: "in case"...
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใชใ‚‰ ๏ผšใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใฎๆ™‚ใ€...
06:21
So we wouldn't write this in a sentence.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–‡ใซๆ›ธใใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
06:23
This is...
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:24
We won't put these brackets in a sentence, but just to help you in your head to remember:
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... ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ‹ฌๅผงใ‚’ๆ–‡ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ—ใพใ› ใ‚“ใŒใ€้ ญใฎไธญใง่ฆšใˆใ‚„ใ™ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
06:29
"in case" is with the problem, so these are like one unit, if that makes sense.
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ใ€Œไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใ€ใฏๅ•้กŒใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜ไฝใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:38
And so if the problem comes after "in case", what comes before "in case"?
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใŒใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฎๅพŒใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฎๅ‰ใซไฝ•ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
06:46
The preparation or the prevention.
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ ใพใŸใฏไบˆ้˜ฒใ€‚
06:48
So after "in case" is the problem, before is the prevention or the preparation.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใ€ใฎๅพŒใŒๅ•้กŒใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‰ ใฏไบˆ้˜ฒใพใŸใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:55
Okay, so what verb tense comes after "in case"?
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ใงใฏใ€ "in case" ใฎๅพŒใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:00
So when we're talking about the problem, what is the verb tense that we use when we're talking
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏไฝ•
07:05
about the problem?
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ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:06
So I want you to look, here's the verb and here is the other verb.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใŒ ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใŒใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:12
Is this the past, the present, or the future?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ ็พๅœจใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆœชๆฅใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:18
If you said the present, you are correct.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็พๅœจใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:21
We use the present tense when we use "in case".
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ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:24
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
07:25
And so: "in case it rains", we could put this...
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™...
07:30
You know, imagine if I said: "I will bring a sweater in case it gets cold", so the part
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ใ€Œๅฏ’ใใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰
07:38
after "in case" is always in the present tense.
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ใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใฎๅพŒใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏ ๅธธใซ ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ€‚
07:42
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
07:44
So another question you might be wondering: "Do 'in case' and 'just in case' mean the
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ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚
07:48
same thing?
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07:50
Can I use either, 'in case' or 'just in case?'"
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ใ€ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
07:52
"I will bring an umbrella just in case it rains" or "in case it rains", they're both
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้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚
07:58
correct.
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:59
It's your choice; you can use whichever one you prefer.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ธๆŠžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฅฝใใชๆ–นใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:02
Okay, and these two sentences use the word "will": "I will leave my house early", "I
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œwillใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็งใฏๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็ง
08:09
will bring an umbrella", so this is talking about, you know, doing something in the future,
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ใฏๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฐ†ๆฅไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
08:14
right?
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ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
08:15
"In the future I will bring an umbrella", or "In the future I will leave my house early".
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ใ€Œๅฐ†ๆฅใฏๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€ ใจใ‹ใ€Œๅฐ†ๆฅใฏๆ—ฉใๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใพใ™ใ€ใจใ‹ใ€‚
08:21
Do we always use "will" when we use...?
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็งใŸใก ใฏ...ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€Œwillใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:23
When we're making these types of sentences?
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ใ“ใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ๏ผŸ
08:26
Can I say: "I always bring an umbrella in case it rains" or "I brought an umbrella in
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ใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๅธธใซๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
08:33
case it rains"?
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ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
08:34
Can I use the past, present, or future, or is it always the future?
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้ŽๅŽปใ€็พๅœจใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœชๆฅใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‹ ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅธธใซๆœชๆฅใงใ™ใ‹?
08:39
Actually for "just in case", you can use "will", you can use the past tense, or you can use
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€้ŽๅŽปๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚
08:44
the present tense when you're talking about the preparation.
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ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:49
So the problem...
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ๅ•้กŒใฏ...
08:50
We're talking about a future problem, this stays in the present tense; but in terms of
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฐ†ๆฅใฎๅ•้กŒใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ็พๅœจๅฝขใฎใพใพใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏ
08:55
the preparation, it depends on when you do the preparation.
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ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ ใ„ใค่กŒใ†ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:01
So the key question here is: When did you prepare, or when did you prevent the problem?
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ้‡่ฆใช่ณชๅ•ใฏ ใ€ใ„ใคๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ„ใคๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๅ›ž้ฟใ—ใŸใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:06
So I'll give you some examples.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:09
Imagine for this one: Yesterday I brought an umbrella to work because today I knew it
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ็งใฏๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸ
09:17
would rain.
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ใ€‚
09:18
So if in the past, if yesterday or earlier today, you know, I brought an umbrella, we
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้ŽๅŽปใซใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใพใŸใฏ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€็งใŒๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
09:25
could change this to: "brought".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œbroughtใ€ใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:30
"I brought an umbrella in case it rains".
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ใ€Œ ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
09:36
"...in case it rains" stays the same.
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ใ€Œโ€ฆ้›จใŒ้™ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใฏใใฎใพใพใ€‚
09:38
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:39
It's always in the present.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ็พๅœจใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:41
But before the preparation we can use the past.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฎๅ‰ใซ ้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:46
Or what about if, you know...
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†...
09:48
For example, the second sentence, imagine I always leave my house early, every day.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€ ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บ็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:56
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:57
I always do it.
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็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:59
It's a routine.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒซใƒผใƒใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
10:00
"I will leave my house early in case there's traffic."
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ใ€Œๆธ‹ๆปžใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๆ—ฉใ‚ใซๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:04
If it's a routine and it always happens, I can use the present tense here, I can say:
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ—ฅ่ชฒใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅธธใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ“ใ“ใง็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๆธ‹ๆปžใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆ
10:10
"I always leave my house early in case there is traffic."
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ใฆใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:18
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:19
Or if we're talking about something I'll do in the future to prepare: "I will leave my
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
10:25
house early in case there is traffic."
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œๆธ‹ๆปžใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ—ฉใๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:27
So, bottom line, the key point here, the thing that you really got to remember: After "in
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่ฆใ™ใ‚‹ใซใ€ใ“ใ“ใง้‡่ฆใชใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆ ใฏใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ
10:34
case" this is always the present.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ๅธธใซ็พๅœจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:36
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:37
So, after the words "in case", the verb is the present; but when you're talking about
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๅพŒใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใฏ็พๅœจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ
10:42
what you're doing, the preparation, it depends on when you prepare.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใคๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
10:48
If you're preparing...
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ...
10:49
If the action of preparing is in the past, you use the past; if it's a routine that you
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒ้ŽๅŽปใซใ‚ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒซใƒผใƒใƒณ
10:54
always do, you use the present; or if it's something you're going to do, use the future.
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ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็พๅœจใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใใ‚Œ ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆœชๆฅใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:01
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:02
So let me think if I can give you another example.
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ใงใฏใ€ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹่€ƒใˆใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
11:05
Okay, if we think about a test and studying, I can say: "I studied hard for my test yesterday
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
11:18
in case my test is hard."
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ใ€‚
11:20
Or, sorry: I studied...
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ใพใŸใฏใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผš็งใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸ...
11:22
Yeah.
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ใˆใˆใ€‚
11:23
"I really studied for my test yesterday in case the test is hard", so we have it in the
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ใ€Œใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ
11:28
past, I studied in the past.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
11:30
Now if, you know, maybe I always study for a test and I always really study hard for
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆ
11:36
a test, I can say it in the present: "I always study for a test in case it's hard."
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ็พๅœจใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ™.ใ€
11:41
Or, you know, maybe I've never done that before, but maybe tomorrow I'm going to study, I can
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ไปŠใพใงใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจ ใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ
11:48
say: "I will study, you know, for my test in case it's hard."
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ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:52
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:53
So it depends on when you're doing that action.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ใใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ„ใคๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:55
All right, so we're going to look at a couple more examples, you know, to get you more practice
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใ€ใจใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
12:01
and more familiar with "in case" and "just in case".
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ใ€‚
12:04
Okay, so in my life I get hungry a lot.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎ ไธญใง็งใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“็ฉบ่…นใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:09
And just like when I get cold I'm not really a happy person, when I get hungry I'm not
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒๅฏ’ใใชใ‚‹ใจใใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅนธใ›ใชไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็ฉบ่…นใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€็ง
12:15
a happy person.
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ใฏๅนธใ›ใชไบบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:16
So in order to make sure I stay happy, I always try to have food with me.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅนธใ›ใงใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใ„ใคใ‚‚้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:23
So, for example, I've made a sentence with "just in case" or "in case": "I brought a
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€ŒใŠ่…นใŒใ™ใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
12:30
sandwich today in case I get hungry."
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ใ€‚
12:36
So what's the problem here?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:37
The problem is when Emma's hungry she's a horrible person to be around.
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ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒžใŒใŠ่…นใ‚’็ฉบใ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ไบบใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™.
12:42
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:43
So, we have a problem: Emma's hungry.
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ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚จใƒžใฏใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:45
So, what do we do to make sure Emma, you know, stays like a happy person?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚จใƒžใŒๅนธใ›ใชไบบ้–“ใงใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
12:50
Well, we make sure she takes a sandwich with her, so that's the preparation.
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ใˆใˆใจใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใง ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆบ–ๅ‚™ใงใ™.
12:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:56
And, again, after "in case" we have the problem, before we have the preparation.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ ๅ•้กŒใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸๅพŒใ€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒๆ•ดใ†ๅ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:03
Okay, and this, again, is in the present tense.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใพใŸ ็พๅœจๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
13:09
And this one is in the past tense because I already brought the sandwich.
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ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๆŒใฃใฆใใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
13:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:13
This is something I did this morning.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ง ใŒไปŠๆœใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
13:15
Now, it is possible to change the structure of the sentence around.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ๅ‰ๅพŒใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
13:21
You don't have to, so if you think: "Wow, Emma, today I learned a lot, I don't want
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ใใฎๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ ใ‚จใƒžใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ†ๅญฆใณใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
13:26
to, you know, learn anymore", that's okay, you've learned a lot.
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ใ€ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใจใ—ใฆ ใ‚‚ใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:29
But if you're interested, we can also change the sentence and put it in the opposite way.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆ้€†ใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:37
So what do I mean by that?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:38
Well, in this case "in case" is the second part of the sentence; we can also put it as
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€ใฏๆ–‡ใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:43
the first part of the sentence.
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ๆ–‡ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใจใ—ใฆ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:45
"In case I get hungry,"-so it's the exact same words, we just add a comma-"I brought
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ใ€ŒใŠใชใ‹ใŒใ™ใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ - ใพใฃใŸใ ๅŒใ˜่จ€่‘‰ใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ - ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—
13:53
a sandwich".
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ใŸใ€.
13:55
So it's your choice, they have the exact same meaning.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ธๆŠžใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:58
You can start with "In case" or "in case" can be in the middle of the sentence.
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"In case" ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€"in case" ใ‚’ๆ–‡ใฎ้€”ไธญใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
14:03
But when you start with "In case", just make sure you remember the comma.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใงๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ ใฏใ€ใ‚ซใƒณใƒžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
14:09
Up here there's no comma.
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ใ“ใ“ใพใงใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:10
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:11
So, for a lot of people this is easier because they, you know, forget their commas, but we
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏ ใ‚ซใƒณใƒžใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใฎใง็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€็ง
14:15
do use both.
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ใŸใกใฏไธกๆ–นใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:17
Okay, let's look at another example.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
14:20
"I always keep medicine at home in case I _______ sick."
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ใ€Œ _______็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฎถใซ่–ฌใ‚’ๅธธๅ‚™ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
14:27
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:28
So if you think about it, a lot of people will have medicine for headaches, or for when
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่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐ ใ€้ ญ็—›ใซๅŠนใ่–ฌใจใ‹ใ€้ขจ้‚ชใ‚’ๅผ•ใ„ใŸๆ™‚ใชใฉใซ่–ฌใ‚’ๅฎถใซๅธธๅ‚™ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใ‚‚ๅคšใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹
14:33
they catch a cold, they keep medicine at home.
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ใ€‚
14:37
So what's the problem here?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒๅ•้กŒใชใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:38
The problem is getting sick.
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ๅ•้กŒใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
14:42
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:43
So, the problem is getting sick, and how do we prepare for that?
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ใงใฏใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
14:47
Well, we have medicine at home.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅฎถใซใฏ่–ฌใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:49
So, after "in case" I want to use the verb "get" here.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใฎๅพŒใซใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€Œgetใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:56
What do I need to do to the verb "get"?
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ใ€Œgetใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
14:58
Is it going to be in the past tense as in "got", do I say "get", or "will get"?
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ใ€Œgetใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€Œgetใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œwill getใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
15:04
What tense do I use?
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ใฉใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
15:06
If you said "get", which is the present tense, you are correct.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™.
15:11
Yay.
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ใ‚ใƒผใ„ใ€‚
15:12
Good for you.
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ใ‚ˆใ‹ใฃใŸใญใ€‚
15:13
I hope you got that.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:15
"I always keep medicine at home in case I get sick."
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ใ€Œ ็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฎถใซ่–ฌใ‚’ๅธธๅ‚™ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
15:18
And, again, this is in the present because it's something we do as a routine, we're always
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŸใกใŒๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅธธใซ
15:25
doing this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:26
Okay, so the last example: "I'll go early just in case there is a line."
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ใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€Œ่กŒๅˆ—ใŒ ใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๆ—ฉใ‚ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:33
So imagine you're going to the movie theatre, and you know a lot of the times with movie
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ใงใฏใ€ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซใฏ้•ทใ„่กŒๅˆ—ใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
15:39
theatres there's a long line up -that's a problem.
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ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
15:42
A long line up is a problem, so what do you do to prevent that problem or to prepare for
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้•ท่›‡ใฎๅˆ—ใฏๅ•้กŒ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’้˜ฒใใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
15:47
it?
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ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
15:48
Well, you go to the movie theatre early so you can line up and make sure you get a good
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ฉใๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ ๅˆ—ใซไธฆใ‚“ใง่‰ฏใ„ๅธญใ‚’็ขบไฟใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™
15:53
seat.
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.
15:54
So, in this case I've used the word "just in case".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:57
"I'll go early to the movie theatre just in case there is a long line."
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ใ€Œ่กŒๅˆ—ใŒใงใใŸใ‚‰ๆ—ฉใ‚ใซๆ˜ ็”ป้คจ ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใฎใ™ในใฆ
16:02
Do I need to use, like, all of this?
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹?
16:06
Can I just say: "I'll go early just in case", and not even say this?
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ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ๆ—ฉใ‚ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ ใ€ใจใ ใ‘่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:12
That's possible.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
16:13
So if you don't even want to do this, you can actually just say: "I'll go early just
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€
16:19
in case" as long as the person you're talking to knows, like, the context and can understand
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่ฉฑใ— ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆ
16:26
what you're talking about, and it's obvious, you know, what you're doing, you can just
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆ—ฉใ‚ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™
16:31
use "just in case" instead of the full sentence.
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ใ€‚ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:34
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:35
So, even up here: "I always keep medicine at home", you probably keep medicine at home
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€Œ็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่–ฌใ‚’ๅฎถใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฎถใซ่–ฌใ‚’
16:41
in order...
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16:42
Like, in case you get sick, it's kind of obvious, so if you wanted to, you can just say: "...just
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้ †็•ชใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†. "...ๅฟต
16:50
in case".
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ใฎใŸใ‚"ใ€‚
16:51
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:52
So there's a couple of ways we can use "just in case".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:56
You've learned a couple of different ways today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:58
You will hear all of these different variations in conversation, in movies, on TV.
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ไผš่ฉฑใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
Again, "just in case" and "in case" is very common and very important; we use it a lot.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€ŒๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใจใ€Œไธ‡ใŒไธ€ใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:10
So you might hear any of these variations of it.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:14
So, I hope you have enjoyed this lesson.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
17:17
And just in case you want to practice more, you can come visit our website at www.engvid.com,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ๅฝ“็คพใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—
17:25
and there you can do our quiz.
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ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:29
Now, in case, you know, maybe you didn't understand the video, like, completely or maybe there's
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ๅฟตใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็†่งฃใงใใฆใ„ใชใ„
17:35
some confusion, in case you're confused, watch the video again.
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ใ‹ใ€ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆททไนฑใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ›ž
17:41
You can get a lot from watching these videos multiple times.
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่ฆ–่ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:43
I also want to invite you to come subscribe to our channel; there you can find lots of
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ใพใŸใ€็งใŸใกใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใฏ
17:49
other videos on things like pronunciation, vocabulary, writing, IELTS.
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ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ€IELTS ใชใฉใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
17:51
You know, we have so many different types of videos and, you know, on a lot of useful
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹็จฎ้กž ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
17:59
things like grammar and, you know, all sorts of different types of topics.
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚„ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใชใฉใ€ๅคšใใฎๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
18:03
So I really recommend you check that out.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทใใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:05
Until next time, thanks for watching and take care.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงใ€ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ† ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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