Improve Your Writing - 6 ways to compare

1,293,434 views ใƒป 2014-12-14

English with Emma


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hello. My name is Emma, and in today's video, I am going to teach you some key words you
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚จใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง
00:08
can use when you talk about how things are the same or similar. Okay? So when you compare
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ใฏใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŒใ˜ใ‹ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:15
two things -- when you're comparing apples and oranges, there are some similarities.
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2 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใƒชใƒณใ‚ด ใจใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้กžไผผ็‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:22
They're both fruits. When you're comparing shopping to skiing, when you're comparing
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆžœ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ”ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒผใจๆฏ”่ผƒ
00:28
a city to a country or the countryside -- there is a certain language we like to use when
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€้ƒฝๅธ‚ใ‚’ๅ›ฝใ‚„็”ฐ่ˆŽใจๆฏ”่ผƒ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ
00:35
we're saying how these things are similar or the same. In this video, I'm going to teach
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใจใใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅฅฝใ‚“ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎ่จ€่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€
00:41
you a bunch of expressions you can use when comparing two things to show their similarities.
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2 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆ้กžไผผ็‚นใ‚’็คบใ™ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่กจ็พใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:47
Okay? So this video is called "Talking about similarities".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏ ใ€Œ้กžไผผ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
00:54
So for this video, I decided I wanted to do a theme. I wanted to look at how Canada and
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆฑบใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฟในใŸใ‹ใฃใŸ
01:03
England are similar. In what ways are they very much alike? Okay? So each of my sentences
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. ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‚นใง ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎๆ–‡
01:11
are going to have to do with Canada and England, and we're going to look at how they're alike
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ใฏใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฏ”่ผƒ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
01:16
using these comparison words.
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ใ€‚
01:19
So for those of you watching, if you are doing the TOEFL, these words are essential. If you
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใ€TOEFL ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏๅฟ…้ ˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸ
01:25
are doing the IELTS -- very important vocabulary here. General English, you can use these at
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ใŒ IELTS ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ -- ใ“ใ“ใง้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช่ชžๅฝ™ ใ€‚ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
01:32
university for essays, college, or even just general conversation. So let's get started.
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ๅคงๅญฆใงใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ€ๅคงๅญฆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไผš่ฉฑใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:40
Okay. So how are Canada and England the same? Well, I would say, first of all, both Canada
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€
01:52
and England have a queen. Both Canada and England have Queen Elizabeth. So one word
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ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใซๅฅณ็Ž‹ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซใฏใ‚จใƒชใ‚ถใƒ™ใ‚นๅฅณ็Ž‹ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:59
we often use when we're talking about similarities is this word, "both". Both Canada and England
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้กžไผผ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ 1 ใคใซ ใ€ใ€Œไธกๆ–นใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไธกๆ–น
02:08
have a queen. Both Canada and England have trees. Both Canada and England have cities.
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ใซๅฅณ็Ž‹ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใซ ๆœจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใซ้ƒฝๅธ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
Okay? So there are a lot of different things you can compare. This is just one of them.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:22
Now, I want to say why I wrote the word "beginning" here. "Both" often comes at the beginning
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใชใœใ€Œๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซๆ›ธใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚’่ฟฐในใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œไธกๆ–นใ€ใฏๆ–‡้ ญใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„
02:30
of a sentence. And notice how the construction is. We have both A and B. Another example,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆง‹้€ ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ AใจBใฎไธกๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€
02:42
"Both cats and dogs are animals." "Both hamsters and mice are rodents." Okay? So we use this
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ใ€Œ็Œซใ‚‚็Šฌใ‚‚ๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒใƒ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผ ใ‚‚ใƒใ‚บใƒŸใ‚‚ใ’ใฃๆญฏ้กžใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎใŸใ‚
02:51
a lot when we're comparing.
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ใ€ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:53
We can also say "like". In this case, we're not saying, "I like Canada" or "I like" -- you
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ใ€Œๅฅฝใใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจใ‹ใ€Œๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ
03:00
know, showing preference -- we're again showing similarity. "Like Canada, England has many
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ—œๅฅฝใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ†ใณ้กžไผผๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซใฏๅคšใใฎ
03:08
immigrants." Canada has many immigrants. England has many immigrants. "Like Canada, England
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็งปๆฐ‘ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฏ็งปๆฐ‘ใŒๅคšใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น ใฏ็งปๆฐ‘ใŒๅคšใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซ
03:16
has many immigrants." And again, you'll notice "like" is at the beginning of the sentence.
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ใฏๅคšใใฎ็งปๆฐ‘ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ€Œlikeใ€ใฏๆ–‡้ ญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:22
It's often -- not always, but often -- at the beginning. We have it followed by a noun.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใŒ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:31
I could change this to something else. Imagine if I wanted to compare cats and dogs.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็Œซใจ็Šฌใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:37
"Like cats, dogs have fur." Okay? I could say that. If I'm comparing men and women,
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ใ€Œ็ŒซใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็Šฌใซใ‚‚ๆฏ›็šฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ ็”ทๆ€งใจๅฅณๆ€งใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
03:47
"Like women, men are human." Okay? It's not the greatest of comparisons, but you can use these types
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ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€งใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็”ทๆ€งใ‚‚ไบบ้–“ใงใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎๆฏ”่ผƒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
03:56
of words when you're comparing. Okay?
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ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:00
So now, I have some other things I want to compare. In England, they speak English. In
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
Canada, we also speak English. Not everybody, but many Canadians speak English. Some speak
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…จๅ“กใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅคšใใฎใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ไบบใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™
04:15
French, but a lot of people speak English. So I'm going to teach you some words you can
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ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงใ€
04:20
use when comparing these two sentences. "In England, they speak English. Similarly, in
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ใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€
04:29
Canada many people speak English, too. In comparison, in Canada many people also speak
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ
04:38
English. In the same way, in Canada many people speak English." And finally, another way similar
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบ ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใจไผผ
04:47
to this but slightly different, "Likewise, in Canada many people speak English."
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŒๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๅŒๆง˜ใซ ใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:54
So these are a little bit different from these ones. They all mean how they are the same.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:03
But you'll notice one of the differences here is these are followed by a comma. "Likewise,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ้•ใ„ใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅพŒใซใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใŒ็ถšใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅŒใ˜ใ
05:10
comma." And then, we have the rest of the sentence. These go at the beginning of the
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒžใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎ ๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
05:16
sentence. Okay? In case you can't tell, this is a period. So we have our first sentence,
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ๆ–‡้ ญใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใŒใƒ”ใƒชใ‚ชใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€
05:23
"In England, they speak English. Similarly, in Canada many people speak English." Okay?
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ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซ ใ€ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใงใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:31
So you can use these in your writing. They would really, really help on your TOEFL, IELTS,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ–‡็ซ ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ TOEFLใ€IELTSใ€
05:37
or university essays to help you get a better mark.
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ใพใŸใฏๅคงๅญฆใฎใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใง ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„็‚นๆ•ฐใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
05:42
One other thing to say about these, just to give another example -- let's use cats and
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใค่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชใฎใง็Œซใจ็Šฌใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:48
dogs because it's easier. If we wanted to compare cats and dogs, maybe we could talk
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ใ€‚ ็Œซใจ็Šฌใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
05:54
about how they're great pets. People love cats; people love dogs. Okay? Maybe you don't
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ„ใ‹ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ไบบใ€…ใฏ ็ŒซใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ไบบใ€…ใฏ็ŠฌใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›
06:00
like them, but just for the example. So we can say, "Dogs are great pets. Similarly,
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ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ใ€Œ็Šฌใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€
06:10
cats are also great pets. Dogs are great pets. In comparison, cats are also great pets. In
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็Œซใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚็Šฌใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ ใ€‚ๅฏพ็…ง็š„ใซใ€็Œซใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™
06:19
the same way, cats are great pets. Or likewise." Okay?
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ใ€‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็Œซใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:22
So now, let's look at some more of these types of expressions. Okay. Before we move on to
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๅผใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใฎ้€”ไธญใง
06:29
some comparison words that you can use in the middle of a sentence, I just wanted to
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ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆฏ”่ผƒ่ชžใซ็งปใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ ใ€
06:33
add one note about "in comparison". Okay? "In comparison" is also used with differences.
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ใ€Œๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ 1 ใคๆณจๆ„ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€ใฏ้•ใ„ใจใจใ‚‚ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
06:41
When you compare two things, you're saying how they're alike. But sometimes, because
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2 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
06:46
of the way we use the word, "in comparison" can also be used when we're showing things
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ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็คบใ™ใจใใซใ€Œๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:52
that are different. It's used in both of these ways. Okay?
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ไธกๆ–นใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:57
So now, let's look at some sentences -- the middle of some sentences, some new words we
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ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† -- ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ๆ–‡ใฎ้€”ไธญใงใ€ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
07:01
can use. The first one I want to teach you is "is similar to". Okay? And the key here
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ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใซๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ใฎ ใฏใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ“ใง้‡่ฆใชใฎ
07:10
is preposition. A lot of the times, students don't put the right preposition. So they'll
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ใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿ ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
07:18
say "is similar of", "is similar for". In this case, it's "to". "Canada is similar to
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ใ€Œ๏ฝžใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ๏ฝžใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œtoใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹
07:25
England." This is one way to show equality or similarity. "Cats are similar to dogs."
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅŒ็ญ‰ใพใŸใฏ้กžไผผๆ€งใ‚’็คบใ™ 1 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็Œซใฏ็Šฌใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ€
07:36
Okay? Another example, we can also say "is the same as". "Canada is the same as England."
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ€ŒใจๅŒใ˜ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:46
This is a little stronger than "is similar to" because you're saying they're pretty much
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅŒใ˜ใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅผทใ„ ใงใ™
07:51
the same. A lot of people would disagree, but just another word, "is the same as". Okay.
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ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใŒ ใ€ใ€ŒใจๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
07:58
So let's use some of these together. I have here a blank. "England -- the USA" What similar
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฉบ็™ฝใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ "England -- the USA" ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใฉใฎ้กžไผผ
08:07
word or what comparing word can we use here? Take a moment to think. We could say, "England
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่ชžใพใŸใฏๆฏ”่ผƒ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚น
08:16
is similar to the USA" Do you agree with that? I don't know. Tell me what you think.
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ใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:29
Let's look at B. "In England, people speak English -- in the USA" So what could we add
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B ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใซไฝ•ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใ
08:40
here? "In England, people speak English -- in the USA." So there's actually a mistake here.
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ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ -- ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏใ€‚ใ€ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฎŸใฏใ“ใ“ใซ่ชคใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:47
We'll add "people also speak English.
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ใ€Œไบบใ€… ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:00
Okay. So what could we put over here? There are
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใซไฝ•ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
09:05
many different things we could put. We could put "similarly"; we could put "likewise".
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ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ŒๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€ใ‚’็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใ
09:16
Okay? "In comparison." There are many different words we could use here.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใฎใงใใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
09:21
Finally, let's try the last one. "Blank -- England, the USA is very multicultural." Meaning there
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€ŒBlank -- England , USA is very multicultural.ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎ
09:29
are people from all over the word living there. What could we say here? That's right, "like".
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ใฏใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใใ“ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹? ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ€Œๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
09:38
"Like England, the USA is very multicultural."
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ใ€ใ€Œใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใจๅŒๆง˜ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคšๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
09:42
So thank you for watching this video. I invite you to come check out our website at www.engvid.com.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็ง ใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ www.engvid.com ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:49
There, you can practice all of these words in our quiz. You can make sure that you're
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใง.
09:54
using the correct preposition, the correct words in the correct ways. So I invite you
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใงใใพใ™. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ง
09:59
to come visit our website. Also, you can subscribe to my videos. There are a lot of different
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ใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ . ใพใŸใ€็งใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™.
10:05
resources on grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and many more things.
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ€ ็™บ้Ÿณใ€ใใฎไป–ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใงใ™
10:11
So until next time, take care.
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ใฎใงใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใพใงๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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