10 words you're not using correctly

78,589 views ใƒป 2019-01-10

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, everyone.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:01
I'm Alex.
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็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:02
Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on ten words you are probably not using correctly.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใŠใใ‚‰ใๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ 10 ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:09
So, just like the title says, I will look at ten words that most people think they know
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ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซใŒ็คบใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
00:16
the meanings of, but really you might not.
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ใŒใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ 10 ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
So, this video is intended for people whose first language is English or advanced speakers
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ ใพใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชž
00:27
who are studying the language.
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ใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธŠ็ดš่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Let's not waste any more time.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:31
Here we go with number one.
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผใƒฏใƒณใงใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:33
"Bemused".
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ใ€Œๅ›ฐๆƒ‘ใ€ใ€‚
00:34
"Bemused" means: Perplexed, puzzled, bewildered.
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ใ€Œๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ€ใจใฏใ€ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€้€”ๆ–นใซๆšฎใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:40
Most people confuse it with the word "amused", so it does not mean amused.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œ้ข็™ฝใŒใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใจๆททๅŒใ™ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€้ข็™ฝใŒใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:45
Sentence example: "The plot left me feeling bemused."
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ๆ–‡ใฎไพ‹: ใ€Œใใฎ็ญ‹ๆ›ธใ ใฏ็งใ‚’ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ•ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
00:51
If you watched a confusing movie, the plot was weird, strange, difficult to understand
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้›ฃ่งฃใชๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใƒƒใƒˆ ใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ€็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎ
00:56
- it puzzled you, it perplexed you, it left you feeling bemused.
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ใŒ้›ฃใ—ใใ€ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ—ใ€ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ—ใ€ๆˆธๆƒ‘ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
01:01
Now, if you watch a comedy, that leaves you amused.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ้ข็™ฝใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:05
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
01:06
Let's continue to number two.
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็ถšใ‘ใฆ2ไฝใซใ„ใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:09
"Clichรฉ".
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ใ€Œใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚ทใ‚งใ€ใ€‚
01:10
This one usually comes down to pronunciation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธ ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซๅธฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:12
So, "clichรฉ" is actually a noun; it is not an adjective.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใ€ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:19
The adjective version is "clichรฉd" with the little "d" at the end.
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใฏ ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฐใ•ใชใ€Œdใ€ใŒไป˜ใ„ใŸใ€Œๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:23
So, you can say: "Hollywood blockbusters are full of clichรฉs" - noun.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒชใ‚ฆใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎๅคงใƒ’ใƒƒใƒˆไฝœใฏๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ - ๅ่ฉžใ€‚
01:31
But if you want to use the adjective: "His acceptance speech was so clichรฉd."
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฎๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใฏ้žๅธธใซๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
01:38
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:39
So, make sure: If you want to say something is or was clichรฉd, that you're using that
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใใฎใ€Œdใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
01:45
"d" at the end; and if you want to say something is full of clichรฉs, you're using the noun
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ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ ใŒๆฑบใพใ‚Šๆ–‡ๅฅใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:52
in that case.
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.
01:53
Let's move on to number three.
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3็•ชใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:54
"Disinterested".
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ใ€Œ็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใ€ใ€‚
01:55
This means unbiased or not influenced by selfish motivation.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ่ฆ‹ใŒใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๅˆฉๅทฑ็š„ใชๅ‹•ๆฉŸใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒ
02:03
It does not mean uninterested, as if you're not interested in something.
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ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
02:11
For example: "Professional referees need to be disinterested."
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ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œใƒ—ใƒญใฎๅฏฉๅˆค ใฏ็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:14
So, a hockey referee, a basketball referee, a football referee - they need to be disinterested;
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ›ใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒผใฎๅฏฉๅˆคใ€ใƒใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎๅฏฉๅˆคใ€ ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใฎๅฏฉๅˆค - ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็„ก้–ขๅฟƒใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:22
unbiased.
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ๅ…ฌๅนณใชใ€‚
02:24
Also think of a supreme court judge - they cannot have bias.
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ใพใŸใ€ๆœ€้ซ˜่ฃๅˆคๆ‰€ใฎ่ฃๅˆคๅฎ˜ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆ ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:29
We need a disinterested judge or a disinterested party; a mediator.
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ๅˆฉๅฎณ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใชใ„่ฃๅˆคๅฎ˜ใพใŸใฏ ๅˆฉๅฎณ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใชใ„ๅฝ“ไบ‹่€…ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปฒไป‹่€…ใ€‚
02:35
And the use of "uninterested": "I'm uninterested in sports", if you're not interested in sports,
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œuninterestedใ€ใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•: ใ€ŒI'm uninterested in sportsใ€(ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
02:41
for example.
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ใชใฉ)ใ€‚
02:42
All right, here we go.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
02:44
Number four.
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4็•ชใ€‚
02:45
"Enormity".
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ใ€Œๅทจๅคงใ•ใ€ใ€‚
02:46
This means extreme evil; not enormousness.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฅต็ซฏใชๆ‚ชใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅทจๅคงใ•ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:50
Yes, "enormousness" is an actual word in the dictionary.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ€Œๅทจๅคงใ•ใ€ใฏ ่พžๆ›ธใฎๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:56
For example: "We cannot accept the enormity of child labour!"
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ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œ็งใŸใก ใฏๅ…็ซฅๅŠดๅƒใฎ็”šๅคงใ•ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผใ€
03:01
The extreme evil of child labour.
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ๅ…็ซฅๅŠดๅƒใฎๆฅตๆ‚ชใ€‚
03:05
And here we have "enormousness": "The enormousness of the pyramids must be seen to be believed",
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ
03:12
not the "enormity".
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ใ€Œๅทจๅคงใ•ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๅทจๅคงใ•ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œใƒ”ใƒฉใƒŸใƒƒใƒ‰ใฎๅทจๅคงใ•ใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใซใฏ่ฆ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ€‚
03:13
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:14
The enormousness - the size.
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ๅทจๅคงใ• - ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใ€‚
03:16
Let's move on to number five.
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5็•ชใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:19
"Fortuitous" - this means unplanned or coincidental.
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ใ€Œๅถ็„ถใ€ - ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ่จˆ็”ปๅค–ใพใŸใฏๅถ็„ถใฎไธ€่‡ดใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:24
It does not mean lucky or fortunate.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅนธ้‹ใ‚„ๅนธ้‹ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
03:27
For example: "We ran into a fortuitous obstacle" - an unplanned problem; something you didn't
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ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œๅถ็„ถใฎ้šœๅฎณใซ้ญ้‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ - ่จˆ็”ปๅค–ใฎๅ•้กŒใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จˆ็”ปใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹
03:35
plan for, and that was a coincidence when you were doing your project.
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใใฎๅถ็„ถใงใ—ใŸ.
03:40
And here we have "fortunate": "We were fortunate to qualify for the tax rebate."
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œๅนธ้‹ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็จŽ้‚„ไป˜ใฎ่ณ‡ๆ ผใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใฆๅนธ้‹ใงใ—ใŸใ€
03:46
So, we were lucky or fortunate.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅนธ้‹ใ ใฃใŸใ‹ๅนธ้‹ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:49
Let's move on to number six.
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6็•ชใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:52
"Noisome".
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ใ€Œใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€‚
03:53
This means smelly.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‡ญใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:55
It doesn't mean noisy.
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ใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:57
For example: "The noisome fish market gave me a headache."
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ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„้ญšๅธ‚ๅ ดใง้ ญใŒ็—›ใใชใฃ ใŸใ€
04:02
So, I'm walking in the fish market, the smells are so strong, so powerful that I start not
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€้ญšๅธ‚ๅ ดใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใซใŠใ„ ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅผทใใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅผท็ƒˆใงใ€
04:10
feeling well and I got a headache.
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ๆฐ—ๅˆ† ใŒๆ‚ชใใชใฃใฆ้ ญใŒ็—›ใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:12
Now, it is possible to say: "The noisy fish market gave me a headache", but here, the
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œ้จ’ใŒใ—ใ„ ้ญšๅธ‚ๅ ดใŒ้ ญใ‚’ๆ‚ฉใพใ›ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใง
04:18
cause is the noise; the volume of the people talking, and selling, and buying in the fish
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ใฏ้จ’้ŸณใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ญšๅธ‚ๅ ดใง่ฉฑใ—ใ€ๅฃฒใ‚Šใ€่ฒทใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎ้‡
04:24
market.
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ใ€‚
04:25
So, remember: "noisome" - smell; "noisy" - hearing.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใ€ - ใซใŠใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใ€ - ่ด่ฆšใ€‚
04:30
Let's move on to number seven.
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7็•ชใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:33
"Nonplussed".
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ใ€Œ้žใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใ€ใ€‚
04:34
This means stunned or bewildered; shocked, if you will.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ”–็„ถใจใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:40
It does not mean unimpressed.
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ๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใ—ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:43
It sounds like it would.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:44
"I am nonplussed" - not impressed.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏๆตใพใ‚Œใฆ ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ - ๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:47
But it means I am stunned.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๅ”–็„ถใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:50
So, for example: "The witnesses were nonplussed by the accident."
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ็›ฎๆ’ƒ ่€…ใฏใใฎไบ‹ๆ•…ใงๅ›ฐๆƒ‘ใ—ใŸใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
04:55
They were stunned, bewildered by the accident.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎไบ‹ๆ•…ใซๅ”–็„ถใจใ—ใ€ ๅฝ“ๆƒ‘ใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:58
Or: "She was unimpressed by the play."
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€ŒๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใฎๅŠ‡ใซๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ— ใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:02
So, if you're...
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ...
05:03
You can be nonplussed by a play as well if it's very shocking, like "12 Angry Men" - excellent.
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ใ€Œ12ไบบใฎๆ€’ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”ทใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้žๅธธใซ่กๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใซๆตใพใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ - ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„.
05:10
You can feel nonplussed after that; there are some shocking, you know, revelations there.
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธๆบ€ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใฏ ่กๆ’ƒ็š„ใชไบ‹ๅฎŸใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
But you can also be unimpressed by a play or a performance.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใ‚„ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใซๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:19
Whew, nonplussed.
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ใตใ…ใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใ–ใ‚Šใ€‚
05:21
Let's continue with number eight.
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8็•ชใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:24
"Refute".
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ใ€Œๅ่ซ–ใ€ใ€‚
05:25
This means to prove something to be false.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้–“้•ใฃ
05:29
It does not mean to allege or argue that something is false.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจไธปๅผตใ—ใŸใ‚Šไธปๅผตใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
05:34
It means to prove it without the shadow of a doubt.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็–‘ใ„ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใชใใใ‚Œใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
So: "The lawyer refuted the defendant's story."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๅผ่ญทๅฃซ ใฏ่ขซๅ‘Šใฎ่ฉฑใซๅ้งใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
05:43
The lawyer proved that the defendant's story was a lie.
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ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใฏ ่ขซๅ‘Šใฎ่ฉฑใŒๅ˜˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:48
Proved that it wasn't true.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:50
So, next time you want to use the word "refute" in an argument or a conversation: "I refute
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใ€่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚„ไผš่ฉฑใงใ€Œๅ่ซ–ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธปๅผตใซๅ่ซ–ใ—
05:56
your point" - no, no, no.
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ใพใ™ใ€-ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
05:59
You want to prove that it's false, that's when you use "refute"; if you want to argue,
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ชคใ‚Šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ—ใŸใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œrefuteใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
06:04
you can say: "I'm going to argue against that point."
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ใ€Œใใฎ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆๅ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:06
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:07
We're almost there.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใ็€ใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
Number nine.
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9็•ชใ€‚
06:10
"Hung".
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ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ€‚
06:11
This is the past of the verb "hang".
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ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
06:13
Now, "hung", in the past simply means something is suspended.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใฏๅ˜ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไธญๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
It does not mean that someone is suspended by the neck until dead.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆญปใฌใพใง้ฆ–ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅŠใ‚‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
06:24
This, you use "hanged".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ€ŒๅŠใ‚‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:26
There's a great Sherlock episode that makes this distinction; the BBC one.
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ใ“ใฎๅŒบๅˆฅใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ BBCใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
06:31
So, for example: "I hung your picture on my bedroom wall."
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ ๅฏๅฎคใฎๅฃใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ๆŽ›ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:36
That's an example.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
And next: "The prisoner was hanged in the morning."
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ใใ—ใฆๆฌก๏ผšใ€Œๅ›šไบบใฏ ๆœ็ตž้ฆ–ๅˆ‘ใซใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€‚
06:41
So, remember: "hung" - objects, paintings, pictures, notices; and "hanged" - by the neck
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผšใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ - ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ€็ตต็”ปใ€ ๅ†™็œŸใ€้€š็Ÿฅใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ็ตž้ฆ–ๅˆ‘ใ€-ๆญปใฌใพใง้ฆ–ใ‚’็ตžใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ
06:49
until dead, so criminals and prisoners.
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ใŸใฎใงใ€็Šฏ็ฝช่€… ใ‚„ๅ›šไบบใ€‚
06:53
Well, criminals because prisoners could be innocent, too, I guess, so...
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅ›šไบบใ‚‚็„กๅฎŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็Šฏ็ฝช ่€…ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™..
06:56
Anyway, all right.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™.
06:58
Number 10.
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10็•ชใ€‚
06:59
"Simplistic".
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ใ€Œๅ˜็ด”ใ€ใ€‚
07:00
This means naively or overly simple; something that a child could do, or draw, or create.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜็ด”ใพใŸใฏ้Žๅบฆใซๅ˜็ด”ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅญไพ›ใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๆใใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
07:09
It does not mean simple or pleasingly simple.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ˜็ด”ใพใŸใฏๅ–œใฐใ—ใ„ใปใฉๅ˜็ด”ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:13
Here we have the examples: "I hated the plot!
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ใ“ใ“ใซไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผš ใ€Œ็งใฏใƒ—ใƒญใƒƒใƒˆใŒๅซŒใ„
07:16
It was too simplistic."
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ใงใ—ใŸ! ๅ˜็ด”ใ™ใŽใพใ—ใŸ.ใ€
07:18
Like, a child could have made that story.
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ใพใ‚‹ใงใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒ ใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:22
Think of a child's drawing of a person - that's a simplistic way to draw a human with stick
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ๅญไพ›ใŒไบบ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆใ„ใŸ็ตตใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆฃ’็ทš็”ปใง ไบบ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆใๅ˜็ด”ใชๆ–นๆณ•
07:27
figures.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:28
And "simple": "We liked the house's simple design."
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใ€๏ผšใ€Œ ๅฎถใฎใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใชใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:33
It was pleasing to the eye, so it was a nice, simple design.
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่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใฎใง ใ€ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใชใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณใง่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
07:36
All right, everyone, so those are all ten words that you might not be using correctly;
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ 10 ใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:43
but after this video, maybe that would change.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅพŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:47
So, if you'd like to test your understanding, make sure you got everything - you can check
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆ ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ช
07:51
out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚www.engvid.com ใงใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:54
While you're there, don't forget to check out, you know, the thousands of other videos
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹้–“
07:58
that we have on there right now.
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ใ€็งใŸใกใŒไปŠใใ“ใซๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎไฝ•ๅƒใ‚‚ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
08:01
And check out the other teachers; we have a lot of talented people working at engVid.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไป–ใฎๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ engVid ใซใฏๅคšใใฎๆœ‰่ƒฝใชไบบๆใŒๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:05
And if you like what we do, you can donate us to support the site.
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ใพใŸใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎๆดปๅ‹•ใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅฏ„ไป˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:10
Don't feel obligated to do it, but if you enjoy the content and you think: "Yeah, I
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็พฉๅ‹™ๆ„Ÿใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ€ใ€Œ
08:15
like what you guys are doing" - we appreciate every donation we receive.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅฅฝใใ ใ€ใจๆ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใŸใ™ในใฆใฎๅฏ„ไป˜ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™.
08:19
So, thank you very much for that.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:21
And before I go: Please don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel; ding that bell; and
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่กŒใๅ‰ใซ: ็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใใฎใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
check me out on Facebook and on Twitter where I post a lot of random stuff, and I also respond
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Facebook ใ‚„ Twitter ใง็งใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆŠ•็จฟใ‚’ๆŠ•็จฟใ—
08:35
to your questions, if you have them.
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐๅ›ž็ญ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:37
So, thank you very much, everybody.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็š†ๆง˜ใ€ใฉใ†ใžใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:39
Till next time-I don't know why I'm looking left and right-thanks for clicking.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใพใง-ๅทฆใจๅณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ -ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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