Advanced English Vocabulary: Compound Adjectives

136,072 views ใƒป 2019-04-25

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:03
Hey, everyone.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:04
I'm Alex.
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็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:05
Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on multi-word adjectives.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:10
So, this is an advanced lesson, where I will give you a ton of examples of multi-word adjectives
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏไธŠ็ดš่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎไพ‹
00:20
and the contexts in which you can use them, as well as the structure... the grammatical
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ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๆ–‡่„ˆ ใ€ๆง‹้€ ใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•
00:27
structure, the grammatical pieces and parts of speech you need to form your own, you know,
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ๆง‹้€ ใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆ–ญ็‰‡ใจ้ƒจๅˆ† ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒ
00:35
multi-word adjectives.
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ใ€‚
00:36
Now, what's tricky about these is that you can't just take any words and mash them together.
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ใ“ใ“ใง ๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:43
Unfortunately, you know, some words have gone together better than others.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชž ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ†ใพใ่ชฟๅ’Œใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:49
So, it is kind of an issue of memorizing things, but you can try to get creative.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๆš—่จ˜ใฎๅ•้กŒ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‰ต้€ ็š„ใซใชใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
00:56
And after you watch the video, if you know any other multi-word adjectives or if you
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸๅพŒ ใ€ไป–ใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐ่ชžๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ
01:02
want to experiment with the language and try to create your own, you can ask me in the
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่จ€่ชžใ‚’่ฉฆใ— ใฆ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹
01:07
comments or write me in the comments, and let me know if you, you know, want to ask
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ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง็งใซๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ€ ็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃ
01:14
me if it's a multi-word adjective that exists or maybe it's something that's just fun and
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใช ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅ˜ใซๆฅฝใ—ใใฆ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ„
01:20
funny.
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.
01:21
So, if you can make me laugh, that's even better.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐใใ‚Œใง ใ„ใ„ใ€‚
01:23
All right, so let's begin.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
01:25
What is a "multi-word adjective"?
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ใ€Œ่ค‡ๆ•ฐ่ชžๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹
01:27
I think it's best if we just start looking at them and look at the examples, and you'll
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ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใฎใŒไธ€็•ชใ„ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใฎ ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡
01:33
see what I mean.
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ใ†ใ€‚
01:35
So, the first way...
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™...
01:36
I say first, but really any of these could be first.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใฉใ‚Œใ‚‚ ใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:41
The first way I have listed on the board is you can have an adverb, add an "ed" participle
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็งใŒใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใฏใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๆŒใกใ€ใ€Œedใ€ๅˆ†่ฉž
01:49
or an "ed" adjective to create a new word; a new adjective.
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œedใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€‚
01:54
So, for example, you can create words, like: "well-developed", "fully-trained", "highly-skilled".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ็™บ้”ใ—ใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅๅˆ†ใซ่จ“็ทดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้ซ˜ๅบฆใซ็†Ÿ็ทดใ—ใŸใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:05
So, a well-developed app or a well-developed program.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒชใพใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:11
So, remember: Adjectives are words which describe things.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„: ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Ž ใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:17
So, ideally, after these adjectives you should have some kind of noun.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็†ๆƒณ็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎๅพŒ ใซไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๅ่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:22
So, what are some things that could be well-developed?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ†ใพใ้–‹็™บใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
02:26
So, a well-developed app, a well-developed game, a well-developed program.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒชใ€ใ‚ˆใ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ€ใ‚ˆใ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:32
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:33
"Fully-trained", so a fully-trained marine, a fully-trained police officer; someone who
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ใ€ŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซ่จ“็ทดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใฎใงใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ่จ“็ทดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆตทๅ…ต้šŠ ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ่จ“็ทดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ่ญฆๅฏŸๅฎ˜ใ€‚
02:40
has received full training and is an expert in their field.
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใชใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ ใ€ใใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใฎๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ€‚
02:46
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:47
"Highly-skilled" - someone who has a high degree of skill in their area.
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ใ€Œ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ€ - ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใง้ซ˜ๅบฆใชใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ ใ€‚
02:53
So, you can be a highly-skilled detective, or a highly-skilled doctor, a highly-skilled
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸๆŽขๅตใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃ ใŸๅŒปๅธซใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸ
03:03
surgeon, a highly-skilled...
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ๅค–็ง‘ๅŒปใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’
03:05
Whatever profession you can think of that requires a high degree of skill.
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ๆŒใฃใŸๅŒปๅธซใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™... ใฉใ‚“ใช่ทๆฅญใงใ‚‚ ้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆŠ€่ก“ใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:11
Next, you can take an adverb, add an "ing" participle or "ing" adjective.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œingใ€ ๅˆ†่ฉžใพใŸใฏใ€Œingใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:18
And you have words, like: "hard-working", "fast-acting", "well-paying".
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใ€ใ€ ใ€ŒๅณๅŠนๆ€งใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้ซ˜็ตฆใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:26
So, a hard-working person, a fast-acting pain reliever or a fast-acting medication.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ‹คๅ‹‰ใชไบบใ€้€ŸๅŠนๆ€งใฎ ้Žฎ็—›ๅ‰คใ€ใพใŸใฏ้€ŸๅŠนๆ€งใฎ่–ฌ.
03:36
So, if you have pain and you take medicine, and the medicine acts very quickly...
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใฆ่–ฌใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ ใจใ€ใใฎ่–ฌใฏใ™ใใซๅŠนใใพใ™...
03:42
Maybe in two minutes: "Oh, it works."
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ใŸใถใ‚“ 2 ๅˆ†ใงใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅŠนใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€‚
03:46
It's a fast-acting medication.
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ๅณๅŠนๆ€งใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใŠ่–ฌใงใ™ใ€‚
03:49
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:50
"Well-paying", so you can have a well-paying job; the company pays you well; the job is
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ใ€Œ้ซ˜็ตฆใ€ใชใฎใงใ€้ซ˜็ตฆใฎ ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ไผš็คพใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๅๅˆ†ใชๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป•ไบ‹
03:57
well-paying.
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ใฏ้ซ˜็ตฆใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
You can also...
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04:00
Hey, you can also use "well-paid".
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œใ‚ˆใๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
So, if the company pays you, you can say, you know: "I am well-paid for my work.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ไผš็คพใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™:
04:09
I have a well-paying job."
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04:11
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:12
Next: You can have a noun plus "ed" participle.
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ๆฌกใธ: ๅ่ฉžใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€Œedใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:17
You notice the pattern, right?
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ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:18
You see: "ed", "ing", "ed", "ing", "ed", "ing", "ed", "noun"...
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ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใ€ใ€Œingใ€ใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใ€ใ€Œingใ€ใ€ใ€Œedใ€ใ€ใ€Œingใ€ใ€ ใ€Œedใ€ใ€ใ€Œnounใ€...
04:25
That's later.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅพŒใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
So, a noun plus "ed" participle.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ่ฉžใจใ€Œedใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
04:30
For example: "money-related", "self-created", "steel-enforced".
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ไพ‹: ใ€ŒใŠ้‡‘้–ข้€ฃใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่‡ชๅทฑไฝœๆˆใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ้‰„้‹ผๅผทๅˆถใ€ใ€‚
04:36
So, if you can...
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
04:38
If you say, for example, you know: "The country is experiencing some financial problems.
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ใงใใ‚Œใฐ... ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œๅ›ฝ ใฏ่ฒกๆ”ฟไธŠใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:45
They are having some money-related issues."
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠ้‡‘ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:49
Or maybe a city is having some crime-related problems.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹้ƒฝๅธ‚ใŒ็Šฏ็ฝชใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:53
Or: "Hmm, this is an age-related issue" - an issue related to age or a problem related
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅนด้ฝขใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€-ๅนด้ฝขใซ ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใพใŸใฏใŠ้‡‘ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒ
05:01
to money; something like that.
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€‚
05:05
"Self-created", so, you know, all your problems are self-created.
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ใ€Œ่‡ชไฝœใ€ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ•้กŒ ใฏใ™ในใฆ่‡ชไฝœใงใ™ใ€‚
05:10
So, if you create problems for yourself, you are, you know, self-creating problems, so
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๅ•้กŒใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ่‡ชๅทฑไฝœๆˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
05:18
your problems are self-created.
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ใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏ่‡ชๅทฑไฝœๆˆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:20
"Steel-enforced", so maybe this is at a prison that has very heavy security, and the walls
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ใ€Œ้‹ผ้‰„ใงๅผทๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ้žๅธธใซๅŽณ้‡ใชใ‚ปใ‚ญใƒฅใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚’ๅ‚™ใˆใŸๅˆ‘ๅ‹™ๆ‰€ใงใ€ๅฃ
05:30
are enforced with steel, so, you know, you cannot really break through them because they
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ใฏ้‹ผ้‰„ใงๅผทๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้‹ผใงๅผทๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฃใ‚’ ็ช็ ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
05:37
are enforced with steel.
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ใ€‚
05:39
So, "steel-enforced walls".
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ใใ†ใ€ใ€Œ้‰„ๅฃใ€ใ€‚
05:42
Next we have a noun plus an "ing" participle.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๅ่ฉžใจใ€Œingใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:46
So, you have words like: "fun-loving", "award-winning", "mind-altering".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ—่ณžๆญดใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็ฒพ็ฅžใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใชใฉใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:53
So, you can be a fun-loving person.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ไบบใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:57
If you love to have fun, you can say, you know: "Yeah, I'm a fun-loving person."
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€็งใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชไบบใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:02
It's a weird thing to say about yourself, but about other people, you could say: "Yeah,
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่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ไป–ใฎไบบใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€
06:08
she's a really fun-loving girl" or "He's a really fun-loving guy."
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชๅฅณใฎๅญใงใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅฝผใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใช็”ทใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
06:12
"Award-winning" - think of TV commercials of...
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ใ€Œๅ—่ณžๆญดใ€ - ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ ใ‚ณใƒžใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
06:17
Around, like February or January when Oscar season comes to Hollywood in the United States
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.2 ๆœˆใ‹ 1 ๆœˆใฎ้ ƒ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒใƒชใ‚ฆใƒƒใƒ‰ใซใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผ ใ‚ทใƒผใ‚บใƒณใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ
06:24
and, you know, this is an award-winning movie, an award-winning performance.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:32
So, a movie that has won an award, a performance or an actor that has won an award: "He is
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸๆ˜ ็”ปใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ— ใŸไฟณๅ„ช: ใ€Œๅฝผ
06:40
an award-winning actor", "an award-winning director", "an award-winning music album".
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ใฏ่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸไฟณๅ„ชใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸ ็›ฃ็ฃใงใ™ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ณžใ‚’ๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚ขใƒซใƒใƒ ใงใ™ใ€ใ€‚
06:47
"Mind-altering", so if you have an experience that: "Whoa", changes your mind - it's a mind-altering
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ใ€ŒๅฟƒใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎใง ใ€ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใจใ„ใ†็ตŒ้จ“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฟƒใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™-ใใ‚Œใฏๅฟƒใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹
06:56
experience.
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็ตŒ้จ“ใงใ™. ใ“ใฎใ‚ทใƒŠใƒชใ‚ช
06:59
We also talk about mind-altering drugs in this scenario.
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ใงใฏใ€็ฒพ็ฅžใ‚’ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹่–ฌใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ฉฑใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:04
So, people who take drugs that mess with their brain chemistry or play with their brain chemistry,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่„ณใฎๅŒ–ๅญฆ็‰ฉ่ณชใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใŸใ‚Šใ€่„ณใฎๅŒ–ๅญฆ็‰ฉ่ณชใ‚’ใ„ใ˜ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹่–ฌใ‚’ๆœ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€
07:12
you can say: "Yeah, he's into, like, mind-altering drugs."
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ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏ็ฒพ็ฅžใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹่–ฌใซๅคขไธญใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:17
You know, drugs that affect the chemicals in his brain.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใฎ่„ณๅ†…ใฎๅŒ–ๅญฆ็‰ฉ่ณชใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹่–ฌใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:21
So, adjective plus "ed" participle.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ€Œedใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
07:25
So, you can have adjective, adjective, like, for example: "blonde-haired", "brown-eyed",
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ้‡‘้ซชใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่Œถ่‰ฒใฎ็›ฎใ€ใ€
07:32
"three-legged".
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ใ€Œไธ‰ๆœฌ่ถณใ€ใชใฉใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:33
Now, you're thinking: "Haired?
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ้ซช๏ผŸ็›ฎ๏ผŸ่„š๏ผŸใ€ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:37
Eyed?
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07:38
Legged?"
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07:39
Yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚
07:41
So, if you want to talk about the physical characteristics of a person, you can give
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบบใฎ่บซไฝ“็š„็‰นๅพดใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
07:48
the adjective to describe the body part...
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ใฏใ€ไฝ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’่กจใ™
07:51
So, here we have colours: "blonde", "brown"; we have a number: "three", and then we add
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใ€Œ3ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ•ฐๅญ—
07:59
"ed" to the body part.
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใƒœใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:02
So: "a blonde-haired girl", "a brown-eyed boy", "a three-legged dog", "a one-eyed person".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ้‡‘้ซชใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่Œถ่‰ฒใฎ็›ฎใฎ ็”ทใฎๅญใ€ใ€ใ€Œไธ‰ๆœฌ่ถณใฎ็Šฌใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็‰‡็›ฎใฎไบบใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Maybe they lost an eye in an accident.
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ไบ‹ๆ•…ใง็‰‡็›ฎใ‚’ๅคฑใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:15
If someone has a big nose, you can say: "a big-nosed" whatever.
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅคงใใช้ผปใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œa big-nosedใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:21
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:22
So, you can basically, you know, add an adjective, plus the body part, plus "ed", and you can
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž ใ€ไฝ“ใฎไธ€้ƒจใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œedใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’
08:29
use that to describe the physical characteristics of a person.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆไบบใฎ่บซไฝ“็š„็‰นๅพดใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:33
So, next: Adjective plus "ing" participle.
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฌกใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ€Œingใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
Some of these you might be familiar with, like: "good-looking" - a good-looking person,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†
08:43
a good-looking guy, a good-looking girl.
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ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:47
We have: "foul-smelling".
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ใ€Œๆ‚ช่‡ญใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:49
So, "foul" is another word for awful, horrible, terrible.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚ฆใƒซใ€ใฏใฒใฉใ„ใ€ใฒใฉใ„ใ€ๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
08:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:57
So, a foul-smelling refrigerator.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ‚ช่‡ญๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใ€‚
09:02
Maybe you open the refrigerator and it hasn't been opened in three months: a foul-smelling
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ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ€3 ใ‹ๆœˆ้–“้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ‚ช่‡ญใฎใ™ใ‚‹
09:10
refrigerator, a foul-smelling lunch, or something like that.
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ๅ†ท่”ตๅบซใ€ๆ‚ช่‡ญใฎใ™ใ‚‹ใƒฉใƒณใƒ ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
09:14
It smells really bad.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‡ญใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:16
"Free-thinking", so a person who is a free thinker, who is open-minded...
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ใ€Œ่‡ช็”ฑใช่€ƒใˆๆ–นใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่‡ช็”ฑ ใชๆ€ๆƒณๅฎถใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฟƒใ‚’
09:23
Here's another one for you: "open-minded", "close-minded".
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้–‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ .
09:27
A free-thinking person, a free-thinking individual, a free thinking politician, a free-thinking
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่‡ช็”ฑๆ€่€ƒใฎไบบใ€่‡ช็”ฑๆ€่€ƒใฎๅ€‹ไบบ ใ€่‡ช็”ฑๆ€่€ƒใฎๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใ€่‡ช็”ฑๆ€่€ƒใฎ
09:36
psychologist - whatever it is.
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ๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆ่€… - ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œ.
09:39
Next: You can have numbers in these as well.
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ๆฌกใธ: ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใ‚‚ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:42
So, you saw one already with the "three-legged", so you can say: "a three-legged dog", for
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใงใซ ใ€Œไธ‰ๆœฌ่ถณใฎ็Šฌใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใฎใงใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€Œไธ‰ๆœฌ่ถณใฎ็Šฌใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
09:48
example.
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ใ€‚
09:49
You can also have number plus "ed" participle, so we have: "one-eyed", "three-fingered",
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ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจใ€Œedใ€ๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œone-eyedใ€ใ€ใ€Œthree-fingeredใ€ใ€
09:56
"two-faced".
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ใ€Œtwo-facedใ€ใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:57
So, again, a person with one eye, maybe they had an accident.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็‰‡็›ฎใฎไบบ ใฏไบ‹ๆ•…ใซ้ญใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:04
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:05
Think of a pirate, right?
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ๆตท่ณŠใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:07
Pirates, stereotypically in fiction, they are depicted as having one eye with an eye
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ๆตท่ณŠใฏใ€ๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง ใฏใ€็œผๅธฏใง็‰‡็›ฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆใ‹ใ‚Œ
10:13
patch, so they are one-eyed pirates.
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็‰‡็›ฎใฎๆตท่ณŠใงใ™.
10:17
"Three-fingered", so maybe a character in a movie, they lost two fingers, so they have
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ใ€Œไธ‰ๆœฌๆŒ‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใงใ€ๆŒ‡ใ‚’ 2 ๆœฌๅคฑใฃใŸใฎใงใ€
10:23
three fingers.
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ๆŒ‡ใŒ 3 ๆœฌใซใชใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:25
If you remember The Fugitive, or if you remember, more specifically...
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้€ƒไบก่€…ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ...
10:30
Was it Ace Ventura or The Mask when Jim Carrey makes fun of The Fugitive, and he says: "It
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ใ‚ธใƒ ใƒปใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใƒผ ใŒ้€ƒไบก่€…ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฃใŸ
10:37
wasn't me; it was the one-armed man"?
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ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚จใƒผใ‚นใƒปใƒ™ใƒณใƒใƒฅใƒฉใพใŸใฏใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฏใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ "?
10:39
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:40
So, a one-armed person; a person with one arm.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็‰‡่…•ใฎไบบใ€‚ ็‰‡่…•ใฎไบบใ€‚
10:44
The one-armed man in the movie The Fugitive with Harrison Ford.
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ใƒใƒชใ‚ฝใƒณใƒปใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ไธปๆผ”ใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใ€Œ้€ƒไบก่€…ใ€ใซ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹็‰‡่…•ใฎ็”ท ใ€‚
10:49
"Two-faced".
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ใ€ŒไบŒ้ขๆ€งใ€ใ€‚
10:50
Now, you might be thinking of: "Wait a minute.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
10:54
I saw The Dark Knight.
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10:56
I saw Harvey Dent when he became two-faced in that movie."
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ใ€‚
11:00
If you're not thinking that, that's okay.
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ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจ่€ƒใˆใชใใฆใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
11:03
So, this has an idiomatic meaning: A person who is two-faced is duplicitous.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏๆ…ฃ็”จ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚่ฃ่กจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใฏไบŒ้ขๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:11
You can also say they are deceitful.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฌบ็žž็š„ใ ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
11:14
They, you know...
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹...
11:16
They're two-faced; they have two faces because sometimes they are happy and sometimes they're
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ฃ่กจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใซใฏๅนธใ›ใงใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏๆ€’ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏ2ใคใฎ้ก”ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
11:23
angry.
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.
11:24
So, to your face maybe they're very kind, but behind your back they are not very kind,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใซใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅพŒใ‚ใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใฏใชใ„
11:31
so they have two faces.
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ใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:33
So: "Ah, that two-faced jerk", you can say.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใฎไบŒ้ขๆ€งใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
11:38
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
11:39
You can also have a number plus a noun.
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ๆ•ฐๅญ—ใจๅ่ฉžใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:42
So, this comes in very handy; this is very useful if you are talking about stuff that
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆธฌๅฎš ใ‚’ไผดใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™
11:49
involves measurement.
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ใ€‚
11:51
So, here we have: "a two-liter bottle".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œ2ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:55
So, if you have a bottle and it says: "2L", yes, the bottle can store two liters; it is
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ€Œ2Lใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒœใƒˆใƒซใซใฏ 2 ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
12:04
a two-liter bottle.
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ใฏ2ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
12:06
So, maybe some of you, you run marathons.
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ใƒžใƒฉใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‰ใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:10
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:11
And you say: -"Hey.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš -ใ€Œใญใ‡
12:12
Did you bring water?"
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ใ€ๆฐดใฏๆŒใฃใฆใใŸ๏ผŸใ€
12:13
-"Yeah, I brought a one-liter bottle" or "a 1.5-liter bottle of water."
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-ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€1ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ 1.5ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใฎๆฐดใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
12:17
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
12:18
"A five-story building", so a building with five stories.
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ใ€Œไบ”้šŽๅปบใฆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ ไบ”้šŽๅปบใฆใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใ€‚
12:25
Now, what is a "story"?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ็‰ฉ่ชžใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:27
This is weird, right?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
12:29
So, basically a story is a floor.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใฏใƒ•ใƒญใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
12:32
This is very American.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:33
So, a five-story building is a building with five floors.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€5 ้šŽๅปบใฆใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใฏ 5 ้šŽๅปบใฆใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
12:39
And then, finally, we have-ah, it's better if I go on this side-"a three-year-old girl".
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซโ€•โ€•ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ๅดใซ่กŒใฃใŸๆ–นใŒใ„ใ„โ€•โ€•ใ€Œ3ๆญณใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใ€‚
12:45
I gave you a little bonus one with more than one hyphen in it.
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใŒๅ…ฅใฃใŸใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใŠใพใ‘ใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:52
So: "a three-year-old girl" - a girl who is three years old is a three-year-old girl.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ3 ๆญณใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ - 3 ๆญณใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใฏ 3 ๆญณใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใงใ™ใ€‚
13:00
What is special about this category and what I want you to notice is: It doesn't matter
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ซใƒ†ใ‚ดใƒชใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใช็‚น ใจๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„็‚นใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Š
13:06
what the number is.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚็•ชๅทใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:07
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:08
It can be two, three, four, one, 12 - whatever.
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2ใ€3ใ€4ใ€1ใ€12 ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:12
The noun you use is not plural.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ่ฉžใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:15
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:16
I know, normally, it should be, like: "a bottle with two liters", right?
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ๆ™ฎ้€šใฏใ€Œ2ใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใฏใš ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
13:20
Because "two" is plural", it should say "liters".
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"two" ใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ "liters" ใจ่จ€ใ†ในใใชใฎ
13:23
But when you use it this way...
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ†ใจ...
13:26
When you use it like an adjective before the noun, the noun stays plural.
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13:31
So, not "a two-liters bottle", but "a two-liter bottle"; it's not "a five-stories building",
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ใ€Œใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€ŒไบŒใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใƒซใฎ ็“ถใ€ใ€ใ€Œไบ”้šŽๅปบใฆใฎใƒ“ใƒซใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆใ€ใ€Œไบ”้šŽๅปบใฆใฎใƒ“ใƒซใ€
13:40
it's "a five-story building".
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13:42
Okay?
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ใงใ™
13:43
"A three-year", no "s".
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ใ€‚
13:45
"A three-year-old girl".
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13:47
But, yes, you do say: "I am three years old."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏ 3 ๆญณใงใ™ใ€‚
13:51
Okay?
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13:52
But you don't say: "a three-years-old girl"; you say: "a three-year-old girl", here.
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ใ€Œใ€ใปใ‚‰ใ€‚
13:59
Are you confused yet?
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ใพใ ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใชใ„
14:03
A little bit.
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๏ผŸ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ€‚
14:05
That's normal; it's okay.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ™ฎ้€šใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
14:06
Like I said, it's an advanced lesson.
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ใ•ใฃใใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏไธŠ็ดš
14:09
If you are a beginner student and you're wondering: "What is this?
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่€…ๅ‘ใ‘ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•๏ผŸใ€ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
14:14
What's going on?"
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ?
14:15
get a taste, go back, look at some of the beginner videos instead.
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" ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ๆˆปใฃใฆใ€ ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช
14:20
If you are advanced, hopefully you're having fun and you're enjoying yourself, and some
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14:25
of this stuff is new for you and some of it is kind of familiar.
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ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:30
So, to finish, what I'm going to do is look at some other common adjective phrases; some
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไป–ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžๅฅใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟ
14:37
multi-adjective combinations, and I'll give you some context.
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†; ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ€ๅ‰ๅพŒ ้–ขไฟ‚
14:43
So, here, we have...
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ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™. ..
14:44
This is difficult, here.
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้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ“ใ“
14:46
We have things like: "full-time", right?
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. ใ€Œใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ
14:49
A full-time job.
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? ใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใฎไป•ไบ‹. ใ„ใ„
14:51
Okay?
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ใงใ™ใ‹?
14:52
"Part-time" - a part-time job.
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"ใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ " - ใ‚ขใƒซใƒใ‚คใƒˆ.
14:56
Right?
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14:57
"Middle-aged", so a person who is in their 40s, 50s...
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40ไปฃใ€50ไปฃ
15:02
They're 45 years old or 50 years old - they are middle-aged.
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โ€ฆ 45ๆญณใ‹50ๆญณใใ‚‰ใ„ ใฎไธญๅนด
15:07
A middle-aged man, a middle-aged woman, a middle-aged person.
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ใงใ™ ไธญๅนด็”ทใ€ไธญๅนดๅฅณใ€ ไธญๅนดใงใ™
15:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ˆใญ
15:14
Next, we have: "power-hungry".
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๏ผŸ , ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™: "ๅŠ›ใซ้ฃขใˆใŸ".
15:18
So, someone who is hungry for power, we can say: "They are power-hungry".
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰, ๆจฉๅŠ›ใซ้ฃขใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ, ็งใŸใกใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™: "ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆจฉๅŠ›ใซ้ฃขใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
15:25
So, a power-hungry politician, a power-hungry dictator.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰, ๆจฉๅŠ›ใซ้ฃขใˆใŸๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถ, ๆจฉๅŠ›ใซ้ฃขใˆใŸ ็‹ฌ่ฃ่€….
15:32
Darth Vader in Star Wars was a power-hungry Sith Lord.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใฎใƒ€ใƒผใ‚นใƒ™ใ‚คใƒ€ใƒผ ใƒ‘ใƒฏใƒผใซ้ฃขใˆใŸ ใ‚ทใ‚นๅฟใงใ—ใŸ.
15:37
Don't ask me what a Sith Lord is in the comments.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚ทใ‚นๅฟใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
15:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ?
15:41
Watch Star Wars.
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Sใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„. ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒซๆˆฆไบ‰ใ€‚
15:42
It's only specific to Star Wars.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒปใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚บใ ใ‘ใฎ็‰นๅพดใงใ™ใ€‚
15:44
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
15:45
And next we have: "right-leaning" and "left-leaning".
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ๆฌกใฏใ€Œๅณๅฏ„ใ‚Šใ€ใจใ€Œๅทฆๅฏ„ใ‚Šใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:50
So, this refers to your political affiliation, kind of which side of the political fence
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„ๆ‰€ๅฑžใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„ๅžฃๆ นใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ๅดใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™
15:59
you are on.
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ใ€‚
16:01
If you are a...
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ...
16:02
Okay, your left is this way.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅทฆใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:05
Is that true?
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ๆœฌๅฝ“๏ผŸ
16:07
Yeah.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:08
So, if you are a left-leaning person, it means you are more liberal.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅทฆๅฏ„ใ‚Šใฎไบบใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒชใƒ™ใƒฉใƒซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:13
If you are a right-leaning person, you are more conservative.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅณๅฏ„ใ‚Šใฎไบบใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไฟๅฎˆ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:18
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:19
So, "to lean"...
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œ็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏ
16:21
If you're wondering: "What is 'lean'"?
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ใƒปใƒปใƒปใ€Œ็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏ๏ผŸ
16:23
"To lean" is to, like, move your body to one side, like this, or like that.
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ใ€Œๅ‚พใใ€ใจใฏใ€ไฝ“ใ‚’็‰‡ๅดใซๅ‚พใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ“ใ‚Œใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:29
You can lean back, you can lean forward as well.
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ๅพŒใ‚ใซใ‚‚ใŸใ‚Œใพใ™ใ—ใ€ๅ‰ใซใ‚‚ใŸใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
16:34
So, you can say: "My uncle is a right-leaning conservative; most of my family are left-leaning."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎๅ”็ˆถใฏๅณๆดพใฎ ไฟๅฎˆๆดพใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฎๅฎถๆ—ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏๅทฆๆดพใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:44
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
16:46
Next we have: "cold-hearted".
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ๆฌกใฏใ€Œๅ†ท้…ทใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:48
So, a person with a cold heart; a person who doesn't have compassion for other people;
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฟƒใฎๅ†ทใŸใ„ไบบใ€‚ ไป–ไบบใธใฎ ๆ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ‚Šใฎใชใ„ไบบใ€‚
16:54
a person who lacks kindness.
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ๅ„ชใ—ใ•ใซๆฌ ใ‘ใ‚‹ไบบใ€‚
16:58
So, think of fictional characters, like in Harry Potter, Lord Voldemort - you can say
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒใƒƒใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใƒดใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‡ใƒขใƒผใƒˆๅฟใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆžถ็ฉบใฎไบบ็‰ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆ ใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
17:04
he is a cold-hearted villain.
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ใ€‚ๅฝผใฏๅ†ท้…ทใชๆ‚ชๅฝนใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
17:07
Again, I'm going back to politicians.
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ๅ†ใณๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใฎ่ฉฑใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:10
Again, you can be a cold-hearted dictator, a cold-hearted totalitarian, a cold-hearted
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ๅ†ท้…ทใช็‹ฌ่ฃ่€… ใ€ๅ†ทๆทกใชๅ…จไฝ“ไธป็พฉ่€…ใ€ๅ†ทๆทกใช
17:17
politician, basically.
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ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
17:18
All right, next we have: "full-length".
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆฌกใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใƒซใƒฌใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚นใ€ใ ใ€‚
17:23
So, a full-length film is usually the context we think of this in.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธใ€้•ท็ทจๆ˜ ็”ปใฏใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ™ใ€‚
17:29
So, if you are asking a person, you know...
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไบบใซๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
17:33
If a person asks you to watch a...
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... ไบบใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใ ๅ ดๅˆ...
17:35
Watch something on TV, or on Netflix, or somewhere else online, and you say: -"Wait.
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ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใพใŸใฏNetflixใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ™ ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™: -ใ€Œๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:42
Is it a TV show?
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ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใงใ™ใ‹
17:44
Is it a miniseries?
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? ใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ‹
17:46
Is it a short film?"
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? ็Ÿญ็ทจๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
17:47
-"No, no.
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-ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
17:48
It's a full-length movie."
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ท็ทจๆ˜ ็”ปใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
17:50
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
17:51
A full-length feature film, you can say as well.
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้•ท็ทจๆ˜ ็”ปใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆ ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
17:56
So, it's like, you know, typically a full-length movie is about at least 90 minutes to two
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้€šๅธธใ€ๅ…จ็ทจ ๆ˜ ็”ปใฏๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ 90 ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ 2
18:01
hours and a half.
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ๆ™‚้–“ๅŠ็จ‹ๅบฆใงใ™ใ€‚
18:03
And next we have three different things: "life/time/soul-sucking".
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿ/ๆ™‚้–“/้ญ‚ใ‚’ๅธใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ† 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:11
Okay, now this doesn't mean: "Life sucks.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใฏใคใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
18:16
Time sucks.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฏใคใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
18:17
Your soul sucks", but a life-sucking job or a time-sucking task, a soul-sucking job.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ญ‚ใฏใคใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ‘ฝใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ไป•ไบ‹ ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ไป•ไบ‹ใ€้ญ‚ใ‚’ๅฅชใ†ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:28
So, imagine, like, an experience or a job that you feel is taking the life out of you,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚„ไป•ไบ‹ ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅฅชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜
18:37
or is sucking the...
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟ
18:39
Your soul out of you because you are working so hard, you don't like what you're doing
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
18:44
- this is soul-sucking work, or it's a time-sucking job, or a life-sucking task.
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- ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ญ‚ใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚‹ ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅ‘ฝใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚‹ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:52
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
18:53
So, it sucks the life out of you, it sucks your soul, it sucks your time.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ญ‚ใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๅธใ„ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:00
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
19:01
"Life-changing" - something that changes your life.
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ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ - ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ ใ€‚
19:04
A life-changing experience, a life-changing book.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹็ตŒ้จ“ใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๆœฌใ€‚
19:08
I just read the philosophies of Bruce Lee, and for me it was kind of a life-changing
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ใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใƒปใƒชใƒผใฎๅ“ฒๅญฆใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ€ใใฎ
19:14
book because I had never read about a lot of the philosophies that are in that book.
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ๆœฌใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๅ“ฒๅญฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ† ใชๆœฌใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
19:19
It was awesome, so I really recommend the philosophies of Bruce Lee.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใง ใ€ใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใƒปใƒชใƒผใฎๅ“ฒๅญฆใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™.
19:24
The name of the book is The Warrior Within.
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ๆœฌใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ The Warrior Within ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:28
If you want the audio version, check out https://www.engvid.com/out/audiblealex - there's a link in the description.
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้Ÿณๅฃฐใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€https://www.engvid.com/out/audiblealex ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:34
And, finally: "heart-pounding".
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฏใ€Œใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ€ใ€‚
19:38
So, think of your heart, and "to pound" is: "Boof, boof, boof, boof."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฟƒใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใฏ ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒผใƒ•ใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ•ใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ•ใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ•ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:43
So, if your heart is going really quickly, like: "Boom, boom, boom, boom, boom", that's
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฟƒ่‡“ใฎ้ผ“ๅ‹•ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้€Ÿใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใƒ–ใƒณใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
19:49
your heart is pounding.
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ใ€ๅฟƒ่‡“ใŒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:52
This can be to talk about an experience, maybe it's a horror movie that you're watching.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใƒ›ใƒฉใƒผๆ˜ ็”ปใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:58
So, it was a heart-pounding movie, a heart-pounding rollercoaster ride, a heart-pounding experience.
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ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ™ใ‚‹ๆ˜ ็”ปใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ™ใ‚‹ ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒ‰ใ‚ญใ™ใ‚‹ไฝ“้จ“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
20:06
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
20:07
It's a lot of stuff, right?
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
20:10
So, if you want to test your understanding and make sure that you got this, as always,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃ ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
20:15
you can check out the quiz on www.engvid.com; you can also add me on Facebook, I have a
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www.engvid.com ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ Facebook ใซ็งใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
20:20
fan page there; you can check me out on Twitter.
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ใ€‚ใใ“ใซใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณ ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Twitterใง็งใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
20:24
Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel.
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็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
20:26
And, really, leave me some comments and let me know if you understood the lesson, let
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆ ใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใŸ
20:32
me know if you have any questions about the lesson, and see if you can create your own
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ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
20:39
adjectives.
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ใ€‚
20:40
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
20:41
Your own multi-word adjectives.
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็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€‚
20:44
Sometimes it will work; sometimes it won't.
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใใ†ใฏใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:46
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
20:47
Some things go together better than others.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใๅˆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:49
It's like baking.
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็„ผใ็‰ฉใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:50
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
20:51
You have to have your flour, and your egg, and your milk, and...
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ๅฐ้บฆ็ฒ‰ใ€ๅต ใ€็‰›ไนณใ€ใใ—ใฆ...
20:56
I don't know a lot about baking, I really don't.
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ใƒ‘ใƒณไฝœใ‚Šใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:59
I can make cookies - that's it.
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็งใฏใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ - ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:01
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
21:02
Anyway, finally, if you want to support what we do...
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๆดปๅ‹•ใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎ ใชใ‚‰
21:05
If you think: "Wow, this was really cool.
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... ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใ ใฃใŸ
21:08
I learnt a lot of new vocabulary.
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ใ€‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ 
21:11
Alex, I want to give you some money.
309
1271300
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.
21:13
How do I pay you?"
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1630
๏ผŸใ€
21:14
you can do that on www.engvid.com at the "Support" link.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใฎใ€Œใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‹ใ‚‰่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
21:18
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
21:19
And if you don't want to do that, that's fine, too.
313
1279950
1849
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’
21:21
I appreciate that you have made it this far into the video, and I wish you all the best
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ใ“ใ“ใพใง่ชญใ‚“ใงใใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌ
21:26
of luck in your studies.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใฎๆˆๅŠŸใ‚’็ฅˆใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:28
And I'll see you guys next time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
21:29
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
21:30
I'm going to go hunt some aliens with Samus.
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ใ‚ตใƒ ใ‚นใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚จใ‚คใƒชใ‚ขใƒณใ‚’็‹ฉใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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