Improve your Vocabulary: 10 common word combinations in English

97,666 views

2018-06-19 ใƒป English with Alex


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Improve your Vocabulary: 10 common word combinations in English

97,666 views ใƒป 2018-06-19

English with Alex


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
00:02
Yeah, I could go anywhere I want.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€่กŒใ ใŸใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใซ่กŒใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚
00:05
Okay, but it's really big and I don't have the space.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงใใใฆ ใ€็งใซใฏใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:09
Oh, hey, guys.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚
00:11
I'm Alex.
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็งใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this lesson on "Common Word Pairs", specifically common
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใ€ใ€็‰นใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช
00:19
noun and noun pairs.
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ๅ่ฉžใจๅ่ฉžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ.
00:21
So, before, you know, I started this, I was looking at my phone because I'm trying to
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€็†ฑๆฐ—็ƒใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚ˆ ใ†ใจใ—ใฆๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
00:26
think about the pros and cons of buying a hot air balloon, and I'm not really sure whether
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00:33
I want it or not, so I'm trying to weigh the pluses and the minuses, the pros and the cons.
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ๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใจใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใ€้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒๆคœ่จŽใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
00:40
Speaking of pros and cons, pluses and minuses, this is the first word pair in our noun and
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้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใจใ„ใˆใฐใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใจๅ่ฉžใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ข
00:47
noun set.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:48
So: "pros and cons", "pluses and minuses" basically mean the advantages and disadvantages
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใจใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใ€ใฏ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€
00:55
of something.
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ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:56
"What are the pros and cons?"
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ใ€Œใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใจใƒ‡ใƒกใƒชใƒƒใƒˆใฏ๏ผŸใ€
00:59
When you're buying something, you're thinking about the pluses and the minuses of this thing;
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ใใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ“ใจ
01:05
the pros and the cons of this thing.
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ใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ€‚
01:09
When you make an important life decision, you also have to weigh the pros (the pluses)
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ไบบ็”Ÿใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆฑบๅฎš ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใจใใฏใ€้•ทๆ‰€ (ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น)
01:16
and the cons (the minuses).
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ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ (ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚น) ใ‚‚ๆฏ”่ผƒๆคœ่จŽใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:19
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:20
So, these are the benefits or the disadvantages of something.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅˆฉ็‚นใพใŸใฏๆฌ ็‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
01:26
Next: "odds and ends".
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ๆฌก๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚บใจใ‚จใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ€‚
01:29
So, "odds and ends": "That box is full of odds and ends."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚บ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใ€: ใ€Œใใฎใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น ใฏใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚บ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:33
Let me show you.
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ๆŠซ้œฒใ•ใ›ใฆใ€‚
01:34
Come here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€‚
01:35
Come here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€‚
01:36
Okay, so I got an eraser, I got a stapler, there's a remote of some kind, I think these
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆถˆใ—ใ‚ดใƒ ใ€ใƒ›ใƒƒใƒใ‚ญใ‚นใ€ใƒชใƒขใ‚ณใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸ ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
01:45
are bubbles, Superman bubbles, marker, cloth.
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ใฏใƒใƒ–ใƒซใ€ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒณใฎ ใƒใƒ–ใƒซใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€ๅธƒใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
01:50
So, these things are not really related, but I don't have a box in my house or a drawer
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
01:56
in my house just for erasers, or just for markers, or just for staplers, so the odds
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ใ€็งใฎๅฎถใซใฏๆถˆใ—ใ‚ดใƒ ใ€ ใƒžใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒ›ใƒƒใƒใ‚ญใ‚นๅฐ‚็”จใฎ็ฎฑ
02:03
and ends of something usually just refer to the random pieces, the random articles, the
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ใ‚„ๅผ•ใๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใชใƒ”ใƒผใ‚นใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใช่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€
02:11
junk, the miscellaneous junk.
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฏใ€้›‘ๅคšใชใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฏใซใ€‚
02:14
So: "That box is full of odds and ends."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œใใฎ็ฎฑใฏ ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚บใจ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ„ใฃใฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:17
So I'm just going to put: Random stuff or random junk.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใŸใ ็ฝฎใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™๏ผš ใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใชใ‚‚ใฎใพใŸใฏใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใชใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฏใ€‚
02:26
Basically things you don't have a set place for in your house, so you just put it in one
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅฎถใฎไธญใซ็ฝฎใๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒๆฑบใพใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใช ใฎใงใ€ไธ€ใ‹ๆ‰€ใซ็ฝฎใใ ใ‘
02:32
area.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:33
Yeah, the batteries, the paperclips, the tape, the pencils, odds and ends, just random stuff.
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ใˆใˆใ€้›ปๆฑ ใ€ใƒšใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ— ใ€้‰›็ญ†ใ€ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚บใจใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใŸใ ใฎใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใƒ ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:41
All right: "ups and downs".
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ€Œๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ€ใ€‚
02:43
"They've had a lot of ups"...
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ใ€Œๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏๅคšใใฎๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€...
02:47
Ups and downs.
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ๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:49
I think you can tell what this means.
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ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŠใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:52
It basically means they've had a lot of good times and a lot of bad times.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅคšใ ใฎ่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ใจๅคšใใฎๆ‚ชใ„ๆ™‚ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
02:58
So, good times and bad times.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ใจๆ‚ชใ„ๆ™‚ใ€‚
03:03
Good times and bad times.
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่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ๆ™‚ใ‚‚ใ€‚
03:09
Now, this can refer to...
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆฌกใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™
03:11
You can use it in many contexts, specifically the most common being when you talk about
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ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™... ๅคšใใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ ็‰นใซๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใฎใฏใ€ไบบ้–“้–ขไฟ‚ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใงใ™
03:17
relationships.
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ใ€‚
03:18
Also, you can talk about a company's history, so the company has experienced many ups and
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ใพใŸใ€ไผš็คพใฎๆญดๅฒใ‚’่ชžใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ไผš็คพใฏๅคšใใฎๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
03:26
downs.
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ใ€‚
03:27
The relationship has gone through ups and downs.
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้–ขไฟ‚ใฏๆตฎใๆฒˆใฟใ‚’็ตŒใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
03:32
So, good times and bad times.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ใจๆ‚ชใ„ๆ™‚ใ€‚
03:36
Next: "peace and quiet".
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ๆฌก๏ผšใ€Œๅนณๅ’Œใจ้™ใ‘ใ•ใ€ใ€‚
03:40
So these commonly go together.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:42
"We could all use a little more peace and quiet."
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ใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅนณๅ’Œใง้™ใ‹ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ใ€
03:47
So, if you know the meaning of "peace", you know the meaning of "quiet", you just know
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅนณๅ’Œใ€ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใ€Œ้™ใ‹ใชใ€ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆ
03:53
this means a period of calm.
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็ฉใ‚„ใ‹ใชๆœŸ้–“ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:56
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:57
So, I love peace and quiet.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๅนณๅ’Œใจ้™ๅฏ‚ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
03:59
I need peace and quiet.
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็งใฏๅนณๅ’Œใจ้™ใ‘ใ•ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
I want peace and quiet.
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็งใฏๅนณๅ’Œใจ้™ใ‘ใ•ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€‚
04:04
So, basically let's just say calmness, something...
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ ใฏๅ†ท้™ใ•ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†... ้™ๅฏ‚ใฎ
04:12
Period of calm.
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ๆœŸ้–“ใ€‚
04:13
A period of calm.
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็ฉใ‚„ใ‹ใชๆœŸ้–“ใ€‚
04:15
"Trial and error".
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"่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชค"ใ€‚
04:17
So, here: "We went through a long trial and error process."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใง๏ผšใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏ ้•ทใ„่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชคใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’็ตŒใฆใใพใ—ใŸ.ใ€
04:23
So, if you are working in a company and your company gives you a project, and they want
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ไผš็คพใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
04:30
you to find out the pros and cons of doing something, and they go through a long experimentation
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ้•ทๆ‰€ใจ็Ÿญๆ‰€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™
04:37
process with whatever they're working on.
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ใ€‚
04:40
So, some things work, some things don't work.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ ใ†ใพใใ„ใใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:44
Or if you're trying to create, let's say a specific type of machine or a robot, but you
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ไฝœๆˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใพใŸใฏใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆใ ใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’
04:49
don't know what happens if you do one thing or if you do another thing.
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่กŒใ†ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:55
So, "trial" means to try or experiment, and "error", to make mistakes.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ่ฉฆ่กŒใ€ใฏ่ฉฆ่กŒใพใŸใฏๅฎŸ้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใ€ใ€Œใ‚จใƒฉใƒผใ€ใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:01
So this is a long process where you do experiments, and you make many mistakes before you find
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้จ“ใ‚’่กŒใ†้•ทใ„ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็š„ใช่งฃๆฑบ็ญ– ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใพใงใซๅคšใใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—
05:09
the final solution, you find what works.
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ใ€ ไฝ•ใŒๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:12
So: "trial and error" always refers to some kind of process where you're experimenting
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชคใ€ใฏๅธธใซใ€่งฃๆฑบ็ญ–ใ‚’ ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™
05:20
with solutions.
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ใ€‚
05:22
Experimentation process.
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ๅฎŸ้จ“ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ€‚
05:25
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
05:28
So, just like when you're learning English, you know, sometimes you just have to try speaking
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†
05:36
if you're speaking with a native speaker and you're not sure if you're using the correct
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ใซใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใจใใซใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
05:41
verb form or if you're using the correct noun form, you're kind of going through a trial
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ใ„ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅ่ฉžๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
05:46
and error process, and maybe your friend says: -"No, no.
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ใจใ€่ฉฆ่กŒ้Œฏ่ชคใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’็ตŒใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
05:51
Don't say: 'It is danger.'
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่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:53
Say: 'It is dangerous.'"
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่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„:
05:54
-"Ah, now I know it is 'dangerous', not 'It is danger.'"
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ใ€Žๅฑ้™บใงใ™ ใ€‚
05:58
Okay?
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05:59
So, one, two, three, four, five.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1ใ€2ใ€3ใ€4ใ€5 ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:03
I think I said we're doing ten of these. Wow.
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็งใŸใก ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ†ใกใฎ10ใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใŠใ€‚
06:07
Okay, so come with me.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใ„ใ€‚
06:08
Come on.
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ๆฅใฆใ€‚
06:09
All right, cool.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ‹ใฃใ“ใ„ใ„ใ€‚
06:11
So next we have: "supply and demand".
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ๆฌกใฏ ใ€Œ้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:15
So: "We have a supply and demand problem."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ ้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:19
This is a term that is frequently used in economics, and basically your supply is how
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”จ่ชž ใงใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซไพ›็ตฆใจ
06:31
much you have of something.
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ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
So, for example, if a company produces, let's say a video game company produces one million
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไผš็คพใŒ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ 100 ไธ‡้ƒจ่ฃฝ้€ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚100 ไธ‡
06:42
copies of a video game, they have a supply of one million copies or their inventory has
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้ƒจใฎไพ›็ตฆ ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€100 ไธ‡้ƒจใฎๅœจๅบซใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
06:50
one million.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:52
Demand is: Do people want one million copies?
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้œ€่ฆใฏ: ไบบใ€…ใฏ 100 ไธ‡้ƒจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹?
06:57
So, let's say a company produces one million copies of the video game, they release the
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไผๆฅญ ใŒใใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ 100 ไธ‡ๆœฌ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ—ใ€ใใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ—ใฆ
07:03
video game and only 100,000 copies get sold.
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100,000 ๆœฌใ—ใ‹ๅฃฒใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:10
Okay, there's a supply and demand problem there.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซใฏ ้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:13
We have too much supply and not enough demand, so we sold...
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ไพ›็ตฆใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใฆ ้œ€่ฆใŒไธ่ถณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฃฒใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ...
07:19
We made 900,000 extra copies and we spent money on 900...
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900,000 ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ— ใ€900...
07:24
900,000 extra copies.
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900,000 ใฎไฝ™ๅˆ†ใชใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:27
The other part of that is sometimes you have a lot of demand for something, but not enough supply.
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ็†็”ฑใฏ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹้œ€่ฆใŒๅคšใ„ใฎใซใ€ๅๅˆ†ใชไพ›็ตฆใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:36
So, in 2016, going back to video games, Nintendo released the Nintendo Entertainment System Classic.
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2016 ๅนดใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใซ่ฉฑใ‚’ๆˆปใ™ใจใ€ไปปๅคฉๅ ‚ ใฏ Nintendo Entertainment System Classic ใ‚’ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:46
It was this little classic video game system and everyone said: "Oh my god, I must have that."
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅคๅ…ธ็š„ใชใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ  ใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ€Œใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใฃใŸใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:53
And unfortunately Nintendo didn't make a lot of these.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ไปปๅคฉๅ ‚ ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.
07:57
So, people wanted it, but when they went to the store usually it was gone.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชๆฌฒใ—ใŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸ ใฎใซใ€ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใŸใ„ใฆใ„ใชใใชใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
08:03
There's a supply and demand problem there.
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ใใ“ใซใฏ ้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:06
When you have a lot of demand, you can charge more money for something, too.
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้œ€่ฆใŒๅคšใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๆ–™้‡‘ใ‚’่ซ‹ๆฑ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:11
Anyway, supply and demand, it refers to economics.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:15
"Fun and games".
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ใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ•ใจใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ€ใ€‚
08:17
"Life is not just fun and games.", "You think life is all about fun and games."
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ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ ใ‘ใ ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚ใ€
08:22
So: "fun and games" just means to have a good time, is about pleasure.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œfun and gamesใ€ใจใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ–œใณใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:27
So: "fun and games", pleasure we'll put, having a good time.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ€ ใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:35
Usually you use this, you know, combination when you are talking about or you want to
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฏใ€ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
08:41
comment on something negative, so you say: "Life is not just fun and games.", "All you
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:49
want to do is have fun and games" when you are criticizing someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚
08:54
So, this is the most common context where you would use this, and typically: "Life is
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ…ธๅž‹็š„ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œไบบ็”Ÿใฏ
08:59
not just fun and games", a very common phrase that you might hear.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚„ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†้žๅธธใซ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:03
Next: "cause and effect".
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ๆฌก๏ผšใ€ŒๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใ€ใ€‚
09:06
"Why is this happening?
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ใ€Œใชใœใ“ใ†ใชใฃใŸใฎใ‹๏ผŸ
09:08
We need to figure out the cause and effect", so we need to figure out, you know, what the
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ๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใ‚’่งฃๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใ‚’่งฃๆ˜Ž ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
09:15
reason for this and the result of this.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:18
So, the reason plus result.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็†็”ฑใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚น็ตๆžœใ€‚
09:26
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:30
So this is often...
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐ
09:31
In philosophy, people talk about cause and effect, and let's say that you punched me
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... ๅ“ฒๅญฆใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅŽŸๅ› ใจ ็ตๆžœใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:39
in the face.
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ใ€‚
09:40
Now: "Why did you punch me?
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ไปŠ๏ผšใ€Œใชใœ็งใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:43
What is the cause of you punching me, is it because I said something?
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็งใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹่จ€ใฃ
09:48
Is it because you felt angry at me?"
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ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸ ใŒ็งใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
09:51
The effect, what is the effect of you punching me?
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ๅŠนๆžœใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใŸๅŠนๆžœใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:53
Did I lose my teeth?
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็งใฏๆญฏใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
09:55
Do I have a bruise?
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ใ‚ใ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:56
I don't know.
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็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
09:57
So, the cause and effect.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใ€‚
09:59
"We need to know the cause and effect of this situation."
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ใ€Œใ“ใฎ็ŠถๆณใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:02
Wait, what's the cause and effect here?
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ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจ็ตๆžœใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:04
Next: "flesh and blood".
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ๆฌก๏ผšใ€Œ่‚‰ใจ่ก€ใ€ใ€‚
10:07
"You're my own flesh and blood."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎ่‚‰ใจ่ก€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:10
So, usually you will hear that kind of line in, like, a gangster movie or maybe in <i>The Godfather</i>.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฐๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚„ <i>ใ‚ดใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใ‚ถใƒผ</i> ใชใฉใงใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ‚ปใƒชใƒ•ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:17
Usually it refers to family, so your own...
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้€šๅธธใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใฎ
10:20
Let's say: "My own flesh and blood."
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.
10:24
This refers to family.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:28
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:31
So your flesh is, like, the meaty part of your skin, and your blood is inside, the red...
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‚‰ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็šฎ่†šใฎ่‚‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ƒจๅˆ† ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ก€ๆถฒใฏใใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ตคใ„...
10:37
Actually blue, dark bluish thing that's inside your veins.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้™่„ˆใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚‹้’ใๆš—ใ„้’ใฟใŒใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™.
10:41
So, if you are...
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒโ€ฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
10:43
You know: "He's a flesh and blood human being."
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ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่‚‰ ใจ่ก€ใฎไบบ้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
10:46
All human beings are flesh and blood, but sometimes we emphasize, saying: "He's a real
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ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบ้–“ใฏ่‚‰ใจ่ก€ใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œๅฝผใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎ
10:51
flesh and blood human being."
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่‚‰ใจ่ก€ใฎไบบ้–“ใงใ™ใ€ใจๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:54
It can mean family or it can simply mean human.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฎถๆ—ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅ˜ใซไบบ้–“ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:58
So, if you read science fiction and there are robots, for example, say: "No, he's not
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚จใƒณใ‚น ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง ใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใฏ็”Ÿ่บซใฎไบบ้–“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
11:04
flesh and blood.
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ใ€‚
11:05
He's a robot."
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ๅฝผใฏใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:06
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:07
So, finally, just for fun because I like them: "fish and chips".
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ๆœ€ๅพŒ ใซใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ€ใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ€‚
11:12
I think you guys probably know what this is.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹ใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:15
After, you know, nine of these expressions, of these combinations I thought maybe we could
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่กจ็พใฎใ†ใก 9 ใคใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฎๅพŒใ€็งใŸใก
11:20
just do something nice and easy, and fun.
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ใฏไฝ•ใ‹็ด ๆ•ตใง็ฐกๅ˜ใงๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅคงไบบๆฐ—ใƒกใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผ
11:22
"Fish and chips", a very popular dish.
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ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ๏ผ†ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ€ ใ€‚
11:26
I like to have it for lunch sometimes, and sometimes dinner if you are in the UK.
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็งใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใซใ€ใใ—ใฆ ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅค•้ฃŸใซ้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™.
11:32
So, basically fish, chips, known as French fries or fries, depending on which part of
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ ใฏใ€ไธ–็•ŒใฎใฉใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใฎๅ‡บ่บซใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ ใƒใƒ†ใƒˆใพใŸใฏใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ ใƒใƒ†ใƒˆใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚น
11:39
the world you're from.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:41
But even if you come to Canada, for example, if you say: "I want fish and chips", people
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใซๆฅใฆใ‚‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
11:46
know you mean fish and fries.
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒใƒ†ใƒˆใฎใ“ใจใ ใจไบบใ€…ใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:49
So, even in the States, if you go to the US, the United States, people know what fish and
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใซ่กŒใ‘ใฐ ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰
11:55
chips are as well.
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใ‚‚็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:56
So, don't be afraid, don't think that it's only used in England or in only parts of the UK.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚่‹ฑๅ›ฝใพใŸใฏ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎไธ€้ƒจใ ใ‘ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
12:03
People on this side of the water know what fish and chips are, too.
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ๆฐด่พบใซ ไฝใ‚€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚นใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:07
All right, so those were ten noun and noun combinations.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใง10ๅ€‹ใฎ ๅ่ฉžใจๅ่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
12:13
You may be wondering: "Alex, how do I use this?"
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ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆไฝฟใ†ใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจ็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:16
Or: "Why?
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œใชใœ๏ผŸ
12:17
Why am I learning this?"
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ใชใœ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
12:18
Well, let me tell you.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:20
So, number one, knowing this kind of stuff, obviously can improve your comprehension,
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็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆ
12:25
whether you're watching movies, whether you're having a conversation.
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ใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ‚‚ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ็†่งฃๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:30
And when you can recognize, whether in print if you're reading or when you're listening
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ๆดปๅญ—ไฝ“ใง ่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ
12:35
in a conversation, you need to know, you know, what people are referring to.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ‚‚ใ€่ช่ญ˜ใงใใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่จ€่ชž
12:41
What are the common phrases in a language?
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ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
12:44
Number two, you can use them yourself so you sound more natural, like a native speaker
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็ฌฌ 2 ใซใ€ใใฎ่จ€่ชž ใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
12:49
of the language.
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ใ€‚
12:52
If you're not sure and still not sure about these phrases, make sure to watch the video again.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ใ€ใพใ ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:58
And after you feel more comfortable and you feel pretty sure you know how to use them,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฟซ้ฉใซ ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็†่งฃใงใใŸใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ‚‰ใ€www.engvid.com ใงใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บ
13:04
don't forget to check out the quiz on www.engvid.com.
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ใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
13:06
So, also don't forget to subscribe to my Facebook, check me out on Twitter, and subscribe to
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ใพใŸใ€Facebook ใฎ่ณผ่ชญ ใ€Twitter ใฎใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใฎ่ณผ่ชญใ‚‚ใŠๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ
13:12
the channel.
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ใ€‚
13:13
And till next time, thanks for clicking. Bye.
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ใใ—ใฆๆฌกๅ›žใพใง ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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