How to Use Apostrophes Properly: The Definitive Guide | English Grammar & Punctuation Lesson

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2018-03-15 ใƒป English with Lucy


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How to Use Apostrophes Properly: The Definitive Guide | English Grammar & Punctuation Lesson

222,902 views ใƒป 2018-03-15

English with Lucy


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ํ…Œํฌ๋…ธ ์Œ์•…)
00:10
hello everyone and welcome back to english with lucy today after all of
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. English With Lucy์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์š”์ฒญ์œผ๋กœ
00:17
your requests I'm doing a grammar video and I wanted to talk to you about
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š”
00:20
something that even I an English teacher struggle with sometimes it's something I
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์˜์–ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ ์ €์กฐ์ฐจ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ํž˜๋“ค์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋งค์ผ๋งค์ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
have to use every single day it is punctuation and I have always really
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๊ตฌ๋‘์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ
00:32
struggled with apostrophes and when and when not to use them apostrophes follow
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์™€ ์–ธ์ œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”์ง€ ์ •๋ง ๊ณ ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
loads of rules and I see them misused all of the time I know that sometimes I
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์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ
ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ค์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์˜ค์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ 
00:45
might misuse them as well but I think today we should just clarify all of our
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ
00:49
doubts and use apostrophes properly once and for all I really do think this video
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ธ€์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:56
is going to help anybody who needs to write frequently anyone who's going to
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์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜,
01:01
take an English exam like the IELTS or the FCE or even the CAE anyone who needs
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IELTS ๋˜๋Š” FCE ๋˜๋Š” CAE๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅด๋ ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ. ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€ ์ „์ฒด์— ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
์ด๋ฉ”์ผ,
01:07
to write emails frequently even text messages if you want to use correct
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
01:12
grammar throughout text messages school essays native speakers and non-native
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ํ•™๊ต ์—์„ธ์ด, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ๋ฐ ๋น„์›์–ด๋ฏผ,
01:16
speakers whether they already speak English or you're learning English this
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์ด๋ฏธ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋“  ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋“ 
01:20
video is for absolutely everybody as always I love learning about your
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์ €๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด
01:25
languages and your grammar as well so do comment down below and tell me if you
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์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•„ ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜
์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
01:29
use apostrophes in your language and if you use them in the same way that we do
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:34
in English if you are interested in grammar and would like to learn more
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด
์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:38
about grammar from private teachers you can try I talky I talky is an online
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Italki๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
Italki๋Š” ๊ต์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•™์ƒ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:43
database which matches teachers to students on that database you can find
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค์—์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ๊ต์‚ฌ,
01:47
native teachers qualified teachers community teachers that will help you
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์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ, ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋„์›€์„ ์ค„ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:52
with your conversation as well I recently did a couple of classes with
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ธ๋„๋„ค์‹œ์•„์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:55
them to learn Indonesian and as I said that video is coming out it's so
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๊ทธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ์‹ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
exciting it's just taking a little bit of work and I had an amazing experience
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž‘์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
so if you're interested in putting into practice what you learn in this lesson
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์‹ค์Šต์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฒ˜์Œ Italki ๊ตฌ๋งค ์‹œ
02:06
or in other lessons you can get $10 worth of I talkie credits for free when
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$10 ์ƒ๋‹น์˜ Italki ํฌ๋ ˆ๋”ง์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
02:12
you make your first $10 I talk you purchase
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Italki ๋ ˆ์Šจ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
so it's like a buy one get one free on I talk you lessons all you have to do is
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02:18
click on the link in the description box that being said let's get started with
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์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฆ‰,
02:23
the punctuation lesson so how's this lesson going to be structured well first
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๊ตฌ๋‘์  ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:27
I'm going to be talking about the possessive case the genitive case where
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๋จผ์ €
์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ, ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋Š”
02:32
apostrophes show possession or a relationship between two things I'm then
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์†Œ์œ  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
going to show you how apostrophes are used in verb pronoun and some noun
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๊ฐ€
๋™์‚ฌ, ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
contractions and then finally I'll show you some extra miscellaneous
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
02:45
contractions using apostrophes as well let's get started
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์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์žก๋‹คํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•๋„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
02:50
so let's talk about the possessive case normally it uses apostrophe s but there
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์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
are some exceptions this shows possession a relationship between two
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ์œ , ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
things normally with one thing belonging to the other
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
for example the ball of the dog the dog's ball so how do we use them with
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณต, ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณต.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:10
singular nouns well we just add apostrophe s
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
for example Lucy's car is orange or I ate dinner at Will's house but what
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด Lucy์˜ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผํ™ฉ์ƒ‰
์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ Will์˜ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
happens if those singular nouns end in s now this is a little bit of a cause for
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ S๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:31
dispute in the English grammar world but the most accepted form is to add
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์€
์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
apostrophe s as well now this is disputed and some people will argue that
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
03:43
we should just add the apostrophe whatever you choose to do make it
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์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋“  ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
03:47
consistent choose one of those rules and be consistent with it so at least it
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์—ฌ
์ ์–ด๋„ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:53
looks like you know what you're doing so I personally like to stick with the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
apostrophe s because I think it's the most traditional for example the
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
actresses role was difficult or Jess's dog is called Mable now with the other
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๋˜๋Š” Jess์˜ ๊ฐœ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Mable์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
rule where they just put the apostrophe and they don't put the S you will still
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ณ 
S๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
04:14
treat it in spoken English as if you had that s there so you will still say
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๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งˆ์น˜ S๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ์Šค์˜ ๊ฐœ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋งˆ๋ธ”
04:19
Jess's dog is called Mable and the actresses role was difficult even though
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์ด๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋ฐฐ์šฐ ์—ญํ• ์€
04:25
the S is not there it's complicated so what about plural nouns well regular
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S๊ฐ€ ์—†๋”๋ผ๋„ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ณต์žกํ•œ.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต S๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์œ ๋ฅผ
04:32
plural nouns usually end in s and for these two show possession you just need
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ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
04:38
to add an apostrophe to the end of them for example my grandparents house is
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๋์— ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์˜ ์ง‘์€ ์•„๋Š‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
cozy or my friends party was amazing now this is why English is a little bit
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ค์šด
04:51
difficult because if I say these two sentences
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
04:54
my friends party was amazing or my friends party was amazing
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my friend's party was amazing
๋˜๋Š” my friends' party was amazing,
05:01
the first one is just referring to one friend and the second one is referring
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰
ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‘ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
to two friends the apostrophe has changed place but it sounds the same in
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์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:11
spoken English that's why you need to add a bit of context in the words of
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๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Coldplay์˜ ๋ง์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
Coldplay nobody said it was easy but what about those plural nouns that don't
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ S๋กœ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:23
end in s for example children well liked the singular nouns we just add
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด.
์Œ, ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
apostrophe s so the children's clothing is to your left or the women's party is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๋™๋ณต์€ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
starting now these examples are less complicated because the plural and
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ
05:42
singular version of those nouns sound different on their own but if you had a
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๊ทธ
์ž์ฒด๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋œ ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
noun like sheep you have one sheep two sheep well it gets a bit more
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ sheep๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–‘,
๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–‘์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
complicated because as we explained in the last example it sounds the same okay
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด
๊ฐ™๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ข€ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
so we've cleared up where to use apostrophe and where to use apostrophe s
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ
ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ •๋ฆฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
and the general consensus is add apostrophe s to everything apart from
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ•ฉ์˜๋Š” S๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ S๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:09
regular plural nouns that end in s and for those we just add the apostrophe one
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. ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ• 
06:15
important thing to note is that sometimes that second noun isn't
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
necessary you don't have to repeat yourself for example my house is smaller
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๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ์ง‘๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
than my parents house I could just say my house is smaller than my parents the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ง‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ์ง‘๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
meaning is clear I'm not trying to say that my house is smaller in size that my
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ง‘์ด
๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
parents are in size I'm trying to say that my house is smaller
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๋‚ด ์ง‘์ด ๋”
06:42
my parents house which is bigger the meaning is more or less clear so we
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ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ์ง‘๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž‘๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์ •๋„ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:47
don't have to repeat ourselves with that second house now what happens if one
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ง‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์ฒด์— ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:53
object has more than one owner what if Ali and I were to buy a cat
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Aly์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด?
07:00
together would it be Lucy's and Ali's cat or Lucy and Ali's cat well if we are
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Lucy์™€ Aly์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด Lucy์™€ Aly์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด?
์Œ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ฃผ์ธ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
07:08
both the owner it would be Lucy and Ali's cat because the last person in the
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๋ชฉ๋ก์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
07:15
list takes the possessive form however if they are similar items that are owned
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์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Lucy์™€ Aly์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด
๊ฐœ๋ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  Aly๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:21
individually say I have a cat and Ali has a cat it would be Lucy's and Ali's
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Lucy์™€ Aly์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
cats I have cats Ali has cats Lucy's and Ali's cats okay
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  Aly๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Lucy์™€ Aly์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด.
07:35
so that section on the possessive case should now be clear if it's still not
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์ž,
์ด์ œ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„น์…˜์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์„น์…˜์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์—
07:40
clear you can re-watch the section and then go on to comment any doubts you
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์˜์‹ฌ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
07:43
have in the comments below and I will try and help but I also really encourage
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์™€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์„œ๋กœ ๋„์šฐ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:48
you to help out each other as well now let's talk about apostrophes with verb
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
07:53
contractions I have got five of the most common situations in which verb
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๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ ์ค‘ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
contractions are used with apostrophes so an apostrophe in a verb contraction
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์˜ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์—์„œ๋Š”
08:04
basically shows missing letters for example I am I'm that apostrophe is
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ ๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋‚˜๋Š”.
๊ทธ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๋ฝ๋œ A์™€ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
showing that missing a and the space it also gives you an indication on
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
pronunciation example number one verbs plus not for example do not don't cannot
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ, ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ not.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งˆ.
08:27
can't could not couldn't should not shouldn't the second example pronouns
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์•ˆ ๋ผ, ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
์•ˆ ๋ผ, ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
์•ˆ ๋ผ, ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ will์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
and will I will I'll she will she'll they will Vale the third one and this
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊ฒŒ์š”.
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„
08:50
one can be slightly more complicated pronouns and nouns with to be
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” to์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
for example I am I'm you are your will is wills so if you look at
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋‚˜๋Š”.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์œŒ์€, ์œŒ์˜.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Will's ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
09:07
wills on its own it could be showing the possessive case or it could be showing a
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์†Œ์œ  ๊ฒฉ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:12
contraction of the verb to be wills watching television
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๋™์‚ฌ to be์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์œŒ์€ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:17
it is wills television one of them is will plus to be and the other one is
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์œŒ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์œŒ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ํˆฌ ๋น„(Will plus to be)์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
09:24
showing that the television is the television of will it is wills
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ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์ด ์œŒ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
์œŒ์˜ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
television one thing to note is with who who's with the apostrophe is who is who
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์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” who์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜, who's with the apostrophe
is, who is์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ.
09:36
plus to be who's there who's spelt WH o s e is the possessive form whose bag is
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์•ผ?
๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ์ฒ ์ž W-H-O-S-E๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:46
this it's very important to remember that especially when you're writing in
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ํŠนํžˆ
09:51
exams it's an incredibly common mistake
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
especially amongst native speakers I have absolutely made the mistake in the
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ํŠนํžˆ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์งˆ๋ €
10:00
past but I'm really going to try and not make the mistake in the future number
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์ง€๋งŒ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
10:04
four is pronouns plus the verb to have I have I've she has she's so she's could
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4๋ฒˆ์€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ to have์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์žˆ์–ด์š”, ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
be she is or she has you have to look at the context note though it would not be
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๋งฅ๋ฝ์„ ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ์ด
10:22
confused with the possessive because the possessive would be hers the last one
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†Œ์œ ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
number five pronouns plus wood or hat for example I had I'd now we would use
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ˆซ์ž 5๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ would ๋˜๋Š” had์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ I'd better go์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
this in situations like I'd better go I had better go we wouldn't say I'd a dog
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์•ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ 12์‚ด ๋•Œ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
when I was 12 I had a dog when I was 12 and then with would I would do that I do
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๋‚˜๋Š” 12์‚ด ๋•Œ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
10:51
that in everyday conversation the apostrophe D can be used with nouns like
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ D๋Š”
oh, mum'd love that๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
Oh Mahmoud love that mum would love that or Sophia eat that Sophie would eat that
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์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด Sophie๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์†Œํ”ผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
so those are the five most common contractions now
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ
11:10
just like to quickly cover three others that are not so common but still really
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ํ”ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:15
important and you will definitely come across them so the first situation is
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.
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ์—ฐ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
11:19
when we talk about years but we drop a couple of the numbers for example the
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 69๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„.
11:24
summer of 69 we know that we're talking about 1969 but we might just want to say
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 1969๋…„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ 
์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ '69'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
69 it's more common to use this when describing the 1900s the next situation
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1900๋…„๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค์Œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€
11:41
is where we drop the words of for example two o'clock originally it was of
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 2์‹œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์›๋ž˜๋Š” ~์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
or in the surname Donovan it would have likely been of Donovan originally the
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๋˜๋Š” O'Donovan์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ.
์›๋ž˜ Donovan์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
last situation is to show pronunciation in dialogue for example come on could be
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, come on์„ c'mon์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
changed to come on and we'd use an apostrophe in that to give guidance on
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
12:06
how to pronounce it come on is different to come on isn't it right guys that is
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์นจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
C'mon์€ ์–ด์„œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
it for my grammar lesson on apostrophes I really hope you found it useful I
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๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๋ฆฝํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
12:18
learnt a great deal putting it together don't forget to check out I talk e that
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๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
Italki๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
12:23
link is in the description box and also don't forget to connect with me on all
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋˜ํ•œ
12:27
of my social media I've got my facebook my Instagram and my Twitter doing some
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๋‚ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
๋‚ด Facebook, ๋‚ด Instagram ๋ฐ Twitter๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ’ˆ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
12:33
really exciting giveaways so it's really worth following me on Instagram I'm not
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์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
gonna say any more but there are some very exciting companies that are getting
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋„์™€์ค„ ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ์ง„์ง„ํ•œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
12:39
involved and will definitely help your English and I will see you soon for
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์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
another lesson
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(ํ‚ค์Šค)
(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ํ…Œํฌ๋…ธ ์Œ์•…)
12:51
you
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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