Expressing Comparatives in English - English language grammar lesson

71,459 views ใƒป 2014-03-16

English Addict with Mr Duncan


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:32
Hi everybody, this is Misterduncan in England.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋˜์ปจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
How are you today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋– ์„ธ์š”?
00:37
Are you okay?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์„ธ์š”?
00:39
I hope so!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค!
00:40
Are you happy?
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ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
00:42
I hope so!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฌ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค!
00:44
In today's lesson I will be showing you some example of words and sentences that can be
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:50
used to show the difference between things.
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.
00:56
We will be taking a look at how we compare things using certain words and sentences.
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ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
Things that we see, things we experience and the things we do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
01:08
In this lesson we will take a look at...comparatives.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
A comparative is a form of word usage that allows us to look at more than one thing and
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
01:37
express both the similarities and the differences.
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์œ ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
You compare one thing to another.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
You compare something with another thing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
In this sense you are making a comparison.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜๋ฏธ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
You are comparing one thing with another.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
Comparatives can be a single word or a whole sentence.
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์€ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
You can compare one thing to another, or many things with each other.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
The structure of a comparative can vary depending on what is being compared.
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต ๋Œ€์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:20
You can compare the size or colour of similar things, or compare the differences between
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:26
things that have little or nothing in common.
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๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
We compare things so as to work out what the positive and negative things are.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:37
The action of a making a comparison can allow us to make a decision about something.
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๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
If you have to make a choice from a selection of things, then you will more than likely
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์„ ํƒ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
02:48
make a comparison.
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๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
You will decide which thing suits you best.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ 
02:54
You will select the thing that is best for you.
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์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ
03:02
We can use 'compare to' or 'compare with' when making a comparison.
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'๋น„๊ต' ๋˜๋Š” '๋น„๊ต'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:09
However there are differences between these forms of sentence.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ํ˜•์‹์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:13
'Compare to' means that you highlight the things in common, while 'compare with' means
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'๋น„๊ต'๋Š” ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ ์ด๊ณ  '๋น„๊ต'๋Š”
03:20
that you examine the similarities and the differences.
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์œ ์‚ฌ์ ๊ณผ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
You look at what is similar and what is different.
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
The Shakespeare line - ''Shall I compare thee to a summer's day'' is expressing the desire
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์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด์˜ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ์ธ ''๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋‚ ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ• ๊นŒ์š”''๋Š”
03:38
to compare the similar things and some might say, the positive things in common between
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03:44
a summer's day and a beautiful girl.
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋‚ ๊ณผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์†Œ๋…€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์š•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
You can compare almost anything.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
If you want to take a holiday, then you will need to decide where to go, where to stay,
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ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋””๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ์ง€, ์–ด๋””์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€,
04:04
what type of accommodation you want or more importantly, what you can afford.
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์–ด๋–ค ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์ˆ™๋ฐ•์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
You will compare destinations and locations, you will compare hotel costs.
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๋ชฉ์ ์ง€์™€ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ธํ…” ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Can you afford a three star hotel or a four star one?
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3์„ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ˜ธํ…”์ด๋‚˜ 4์„ฑ๊ธ‰ ํ˜ธํ…”์„ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
04:23
You will compare the prices of the hotels.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ˜ธํ…”์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Before spending money, we normally make a comparison of some sort.
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๋ˆ์„ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Which television should I buy, the expensive one or the slightly cheaper one?
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๋น„์‹ผ TV์™€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ TV ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค TV๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
04:38
Which car insurance should I purchase?
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์–ด๋–ค ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ณดํ—˜์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:42
What are the differences between the low priced one and the much pricier one?
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์ €๊ฐ€ํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ํ˜•์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ?
04:48
If you cannot afford the expensive thing then there is a good chance that you will have
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๋น„์‹ผ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ด ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:53
to make a compromise.
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ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
This means that you settle for something slightly less than you originally intended.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์›๋ž˜ ์˜๋„ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋งŒ์กฑํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:04
A good example of comparing and compromising is buying a house.
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๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
Most people cannot afford the house they want, so they compare the ones they can afford and
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘์„ ์‚ด ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ 
05:19
decide which gives them the most.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ง‘์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
You really want a large house with a big garden, but all you can afford is a large house with
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง ํฐ ์ •์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ์ง‘์„ ์› ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž‘์€ ์ •์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํฐ ์ง‘
05:29
a small garden, or a small house with a large garden.
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์ด๋‚˜ ํฐ ์ •์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ง‘๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:34
So you have to compare the two and make a compromise.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:41
Comparisons will include the benefits of a large garden over a small one and the advantages
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๋น„๊ต์—๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ •์›์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฐ ์ •์›์˜ ์ด์ ๊ณผ ํฐ
05:47
of having a large house, compared to a one.
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์ง‘์— ๋น„ํ•ด ํฐ ์ง‘์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ด์ ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
It is not unusual for people to make compromises and quite often, the bigger the decision,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ€ํ˜‘์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์ข…์ข… ๋” ํฐ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ฆด์ˆ˜๋ก ๋”
05:59
the more compromises there are to be make.
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๋งŽ์€ ํƒ€ํ˜‘์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Unless you win millions on the lottery, there will always be compromises to be made.
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๋ณต๊ถŒ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋‹น์ฒจ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
Let's look at some examples of comparatives...here are two
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
06:19
I am taller than him.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
I am shorter than him.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋‹ค.
06:28
He is happier.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
He is sadder Here we are comparing size and mood.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋” ์Šฌํ”„๋‹ค ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
Comparatives when looking at something or when making an observation.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋‚˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰. ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์„
06:48
We use 'than' when making a direct comparison between two things or groups.X
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์ง์ ‘ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ '๋ณด๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.X
06:54
Height - taller than - shorter than Weight - heavier than - lighter than
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๋†’์ด - ๋ณด๋‹ค ํฐ - ๋ณด๋‹ค ์งง์€ ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด
07:06
Length - longer than - shorter than Width - wider than - narrower than
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๊ธธ์ด - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ธด - ๋ณด๋‹ค ์งง์€ ๋„ˆ๋น„ - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋„“์€ - ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ข์€
07:16
Heat - hotter than - colder than Heat - warmer than - cooler than
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์—ด - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์šด - ์—ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๋‹ค - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•˜๋‹ค - ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ฐจ๊ฐ‘๋‹ค ํ•
07:25
Fit - looser than - tighter than Light - brighter than - darker
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๋ณด๋‹ค ๋Š์Šจํ•˜๋‹ค - ๋ณด๋‹ค ํƒ€์ดํŠธํ•˜๋‹ค ๋น›๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐ๋‹ค - ์–ด๋‘ก๋‹ค
07:35
Light - lighter than - duller than Emotion - happier than - sadder than
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๋น› - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์›€ - ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‘”ํ•˜๋‹ค ๊ฐ์ •๋ณด๋‹ค ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค -
07:45
Price - costlier - cheaper Moisture - wetter than - drier than
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ๋ณด๋‹ค ์Šฌํ”„๋‹ค - ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ ๋‹ค - ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๋‹ค ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ - ๋ฐ€๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์Šตํ•˜๋‹ค -
07:57
Density - harder than - softer than Size - bigger than - smaller than
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๋ฐ€๋„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฑด์กฐํ•˜๋‹ค - ๋” ์„ธ๊ฒŒ - ๋” ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํฌ๊ธฐ - ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ - ๋” ์ž‘๊ฒŒ
08:10
Sound - louder than - quieter than Depth - deeper than - shallower than
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ - ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ - ๋” ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊นŠ์ด - ๋” ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ - ๋” ์–•๊ฒŒ
08:22
Activity - busier - quieter
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ํ™œ๋™ - ๋ฐ”์˜๊ฒŒ - ๋” ์กฐ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ
08:31
If you notice a change in something, then it is possible to use a comparative to show
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
08:37
that this has been observed.
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๋‹ค์Œ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:39
''You look taller.''
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''ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ปค ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”.''
08:41
''You seem happier.''
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'ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”.'''
08:43
''You look healthier.''
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”.''
08:46
''You look thinner.''
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๋‚ ์”ฌํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์š”.''
08:49
We can compare how something is now to how it was.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์˜›๋‚ ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š” .
08:53
''You don't seem as happy as you did last week.''
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''์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ๋งŒํผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์„ธ์š” .'' '
08:57
''You seemed happier last week.''
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์˜€์–ด์š”.''
09:01
We can use 'more' or 'less' to show a comparison and in some cases 'much'.
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๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'more' ๋˜๋Š” 'less'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๋งŽ์ด'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
''You seem more happy today.''
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''๋„ˆ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์—ฌ.'''
09:10
''You seemed less happy last week.''
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ๋„ˆ ๋œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด ๋ณด์˜€์–ด.'''
09:13
''This coat is much cheaper than that one.
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์ด ์ฝ”ํŠธ๋Š” ์ €๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‹ธ. ''
09:18
''We use more or less to show that something has become 'better' or 'worse'.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด '๋” ์ข‹์•„์กŒ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '๋‚˜์˜๊ฒŒ' ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด more ๋˜๋Š” less๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
Of course this depends on whether it is used with a negative word or not.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:30
For example - 'more happy' is the same as 'less sad' and 'less happy' is the same as
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š” '๋œ ์Šฌํ”„๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™๊ณ  '๋œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค'๋Š”
09:39
'more sad'.
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'๋” ์Šฌํ”„๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
09:41
It is always easier and more acceptable to use the simple form...'happier' and 'sadder'
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ๋” ์ˆ˜์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:52
or 'more happy'...or simply 'better' and 'worse'.
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.
10:03
When making comparisons we can say that one thing is not as...followed by the adjective.
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๋น„๊ตํ•  ๋•Œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ...์™€ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
''It's not as cold as yesterday.''
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''์–ด์ œ๋งŒํผ ์ถฅ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค'''
10:13
''You don't seem as happy as (you did) last week.''
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ๋งŒํผ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ตฌ๋‚˜'''
10:17
''It is not as hot as it was yesterday.''
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์–ด์ œ๋งŒํผ ๋ฅ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค''
10:22
I'm not as old as you.''
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์•ˆ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋„ค as you.''
10:25
In these sentences we are comparing something as it is now with how it was in
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:40
the past.
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.
10:45
Whenever I look at an old photograph of myself, I cannot help but make comparisons.
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๋‚ด ์˜›๋‚  ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค.
10:51
I looked so much younger then.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ์–ด๋ ค ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.
10:54
I had so much more hair then.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์ˆฑ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์•˜์–ด์š”.
10:57
I seemed more relaxed back then.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์›Œ ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.
11:01
These are all comparative observations.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋น„๊ต ๊ด€์ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
I'm comparing the Duncan of long ago, with the one of today.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ „์˜ Duncan๊ณผ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ Duncan์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:11
These comparisons are relevant in some ways and irrelevant in others.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„๊ต๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
It is much easier to compare the appearance of a person then and now, than it is to compare
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋•Œ์™€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:25
their character or manner, as these things can change back and forth over time.
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. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ”๋€” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
There are some comparatives that do not exist but are sometimes wrongly used.
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์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
For example - gooder betterer worser dangerouser These are not real words.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด - ๋” ์ข‹๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์˜๋‹ค ๋” ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
We can use 'more than' and 'less than' to show a comparison of cost, height, weight,
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๋น„์šฉ, ๋†’์ด, ๋ฌด๊ฒŒ,
12:11
length, width and general appearance.
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๊ธธ์ด, ๋„ˆ๋น„ ๋ฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์ด์ƒ' ๋ฐ '์ดํ•˜'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Comparing things allows us to highlight the exact differences between two or more things.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
If you were judging a singing contest, then you would be comparing the ability of each
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๋…ธ๋ž˜ ๊ฒฝ์—ฐ ๋Œ€ํšŒ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„
12:28
contestant with the other who were performing.
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๊ณต์—ฐ ์ค‘์ธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์ง€
12:32
It is hard to judge something without making some sort of comparison.
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์•Š๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:38
''She is a better singer than the previous contestant, but she looks more nervous than
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''๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์ฐธ๊ฐ€์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ ์šฐ์Šน์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ธด์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:44
last week's winner.''
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.''
12:46
We can compare one thing with many other things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
As I said earlier, making a comparison normally means that at some point, a choice has to
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์•ž์—์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋น„๊ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:57
be made.
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.
12:59
Be it the winner of a talent show, or which brand of washing powder
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ํƒค๋ŸฐํŠธ ์‡ผ์˜ ์Šน์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ธŒ๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์„ธ์ œ๋ฅผ
13:13
to use.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€.
13:15
I hope you have enjoyed today's lesson.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šฐ์…จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
How does it compare to the others I have made.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:22
It is better?
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๋” ๋‚˜์€๊ฐ€์š”? ๋”
13:23
Is it worse?
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๋‚˜๋น ์š”? ๊ฑฐ์˜
13:25
Is it about the same?
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๊ฐ™์€๊ฐ€์š”?
13:27
I'm sure you will let me know.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
It is time for me to go now.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
I have to decide what to have for dinner.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €๋…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋จน์„์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
13:35
What will it be.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:37
A fast quick ready meal, or a slow cooked healthy one?
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ค€๋น„๋œ ์‹์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์‹?
13:42
I will compare the two and make a decision.
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๋‘˜์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
This is Misterduncan in England saying thanks for choosing to watch me teach you...and of
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์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” Misterduncan์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
13:54
course...ta-ta for now.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ...๋‹น๋ถ„๊ฐ„์€...ํƒ€-ํƒ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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