FULL ENGLISH LESSON (26) - prefix / gossip / redact / tongue tied / who or whom? Misterduncan

9,250 views ใƒป 2019-05-19

English Addict with Mr Duncan


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:21
Oh there you are...Welcome to another Full English Lesson, coming to you from the birthplace ofโ€ฆ
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์˜ค ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ตฐ์š”...
00:28
Winnie the pooh โ€“ Professor Snape โ€“ Judi Dench โ€“ Hugh Laurie โ€“ and of course the English language,
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๊ณฐ๋Œ์ด ํ‘ธ์šฐ โ€“ ์Šค๋„ค์ดํ”„ ๊ต์ˆ˜ โ€“ ์ฃผ๋”” ๋ด์น˜ โ€“ ํœด ๋กœ๋ฆฌ โ€“ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜์–ด์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์ง€์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์ฒด ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
which is why we are all here together now. So without any more dawdling or timewastingโ€ฆ
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์ง€๊ธˆ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ํ—ˆ๋น„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ...
00:44
let's get on with todayโ€™s full English lesson rightโ€ฆnow!
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์ „์ฒด ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ... ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค!
00:59
I donโ€™t know about you but I love hearing gossip. To gossip is to talk freely about
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ—˜๋‹ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
01:04
another personโ€™s life. The things you have heard about another person, regardless of
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒƒ,
01:09
whether you know it to be true or not. The word โ€˜gossipโ€™ can be used as a noun or a verb.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด. 'gossip'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
A person who gossips is a โ€˜gossipโ€™. They like to gossip about other people.
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ํ—˜๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ '๊ฐ€์‹ญ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ—˜๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
The things said are the gossip. You can hear gossip from others. Gossip can be described as โ€˜hearsayโ€™
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๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํ—˜๋‹ด์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์€ '์†Œ๋ฌธ'
01:33
โ€˜tittle-tattleโ€™ โ€˜rumourโ€™ โ€˜scandalโ€™. You will often find that very small towns
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'์žก๋‹ด' '๋ฃจ๋จธ' '์Šค์บ”๋“ค'๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ข…์ข… ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ๋„์‹œ
01:39
and villages will have local gossip. A person who seems to know all about what is happening
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์™€ ๋งˆ์„์— ์ง€์—ญ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋‹ค ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
01:46
in the surrounding area is the โ€˜local gossipโ€™. โ€˜โ€™Be careful what you say to her, she
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๋ฐ”๋กœ '๋™๋„ค ์žก๋‹ด'์ด๋‹ค. ''๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด
01:52
is the local gossip around here.โ€™โ€™ So gossip can be the person spreading the rumours
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'' ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์€ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์„ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:58
or the thing that is being said. Some people like to read about โ€˜celebrity gossipโ€™
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์ด๋‚˜ ์žก์ง€์—์„œ '์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:04
on the internet or in magazines. A gossipy person will often be reluctant to tell you
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. ํ—˜๋‹ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ข…์ข…
02:11
where they got the gossip from. If you ask them where they got the information,
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์–ป์—ˆ๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์œผ๋ฉด
02:17
they will often reply withโ€ฆ โ€˜a little bird told meโ€™.
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'์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋ ค์คฌ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
02:39
Have you ever been stuck for words? Have you ever been in a situation where you could not think what to say?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:48
There are many ways of describing this occurrence.
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์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
We can say that you are...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด...
02:53
tongue-tied. You have been left speechless. You are stuck for words. You cannot find the
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๋ง๋ฌธ์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ง๋ฌธ์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:01
words to express yourself. Your mind has gone blank. There are many reasons why you might
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. ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋น„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
find yourself unable to speak. Perhaps you are in a state of shock or surprise.
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๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
An unexpected event can leave you speechless.The surprise can be nice thing, or it can be something
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์˜ˆ์ƒ์น˜ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ๋ง๋ฌธ์ด ๋ง‰ํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†€๋ผ์›€์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:22
not so nice, such as bad news. If you are giving a speech to a group of people, you
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๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:29
might find that your brain suddenly stops working. You become nervous and cannot remember
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ธด์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
03:35
what to say. โ€˜โ€™Iโ€™m ever so sorry, my mind has gone blank.โ€™โ€™ After a sudden
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ''์ •๋ง ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด, ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์€ ๋ฉํ•ด์กŒ์–ด.'
03:42
surprise you might only be able to sayโ€ฆ โ€˜โ€™Iโ€™m speechlessโ€™โ€™. You have become
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' ๋‹น์‹ ์€
03:49
tongue-tied and stuck for words. If you try to remember the thing you wanted to mention,
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๋ง๋ฌธ์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜€ ๋ง๋ฌธ์ด ๋ง‰ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
03:55
you might sayโ€ฆ โ€˜โ€™Itโ€™s on the tip of my tongueโ€™โ€™.
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''ํ˜€๋์— ๋งด๋„๋„ค์š” ''๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Itโ€™s time now to take a look at another buzzword. A buzzword is a word or phrase that
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์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ํ–‰์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์œ ํ–‰์–ด๋Š”
04:15
is used often during a certain period of time. Todayโ€™s buzzword isโ€ฆ โ€˜redactโ€™.
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ํŠน์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์œ ํ–‰์–ด๋Š”... '๊ฒ€์—ด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
The word โ€˜redactโ€™ means to conceal or hide information which may be unsuitable or sensitive.
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'๊ต์ •'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋น„๊ณต๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ฐ€๋กœ
04:29
To conceal parts of printed text that is deemed private or classified is to โ€˜redactโ€™.
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๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋Š” ์ธ์‡„๋œ ํ…์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ต์ •'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
To edit a report before publication is to redact. โ€˜โ€™The redacted secret service report was
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๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ''๊ต์ •๋œ ๊ฒฝํ˜ธ์› ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๊ฐ€
04:44
published yesterday.โ€™โ€™ To censor or obscure something so it cannot be seen is to โ€˜redactโ€™.
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์–ด์ œ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'' ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€์—ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ ค ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '๊ต์ •'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
The leaked memo did not reveal much due to it being heavily redacted. The person doing
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์œ ์ถœ๋œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋Š” ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํŽธ์ง‘๋˜์–ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:59
the redacting is the redactor. โ€˜โ€™The 20 page report was redacted to just a few paragraphs.โ€™โ€™
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ํŽธ์ง‘์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํŽธ์ง‘์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ''20 ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ ๋ถ„๋Ÿ‰์˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ฌธ๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.''
05:08
To redact is to โ€˜editโ€™ โ€˜censorโ€™ โ€˜coverโ€™ โ€˜expurgateโ€™ โ€˜suppressโ€™.
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์ˆ˜์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํŽธ์ง‘' '๊ฒ€์—ด' '๋ฎ๊ฐœ' ' ์ ์šฉ' '์–ต์ œ'ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
To hide something, so it cannot be seen, is to redact.
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŽธ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
A continuing debate in English usage is the question of when to use 'who' and when to use 'whom'.
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์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์–ธ์ œ 'who'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ธ์ œ 'whom'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
According to formal grammar, โ€˜whoโ€™ forms the subjective case and so should be
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ํ˜•์‹๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด 'who'๋Š” ์ฃผ๊ด€๊ฒฉ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ '๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋Š๋ƒ'์™€
05:58
used in subject position in a sentence, as in โ€˜who decided this?โ€™ The form whom,
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๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ์œ„์น˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:06
on the other hand, forms the objective case and so should be used in object position in
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด who๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ๊ฒฉ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.
06:12
a sentence, as in โ€˜whom do you think we should support?โ€™ โ€˜To whom do you wish
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'who do you want to speak to
06:18
to speak?โ€™ Although there are some speakers who still use who and whom according to the
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speak?'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด
06:23
rules of formal grammar as stated here, there are many more who rarely use whom at all.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์Œ , ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
its use has retreated steadily and is now largely restricted to formal contexts.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๊พธ์ค€ํžˆ ํ›„ํ‡ดํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ œํ•œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
The normal practice in modern English is to use 'who' instead of 'whom' and, where applicable,
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์€ 'whom' ๋Œ€์‹  'who'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:44
to put the preposition at the end of the sentence : 'who do you wish to speak to?' 'who do you think
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: 'who do you wish to speak to?' '
06:51
we should support?' Such uses are today broadly accepted in standard English.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?' ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ํ‘œ์ค€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
Have you ever seen a prefix in an English word?
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์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:13
Well in fact there are lots of them.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
In fact there might be more than you realise.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
There are many occurrences of prefixes in English words that serve to dramatically change
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์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š”
07:25
the meaning of the original word. For example the prefix โ€˜pseudo-โ€™ before a word denotes
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์›๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'pseudo-'๋Š”
07:33
something as fake or artificial. For example โ€“ โ€˜pseudo-scienceโ€™ refers to a practice
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๊ฐ€์งœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ธ๊ณต์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด โ€“ '์œ ์‚ฌ ๊ณผํ•™'์€
07:40
of science that has not been accredited or qualified. It is seen as untrue and meritless.
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๊ณต์ธ ๋˜๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณผํ•™ ๊ด€ํ–‰์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Another good example is the prefix โ€˜Quasi-โ€™, which defines something that appears real,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'Quasi-'๋กœ, ์‹ค์ œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:55
but is in fact the oppositeโ€ฆ for example - โ€˜quasi-politicalโ€™. An action appears
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์ค€์ •์น˜์ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ–‰๋™์€
08:02
to be stating an opinion, but in fact is doing the opposite. You might say that these two
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์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ง„์ˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘
08:07
examples have similar meanings. Another example of a prefix is โ€˜retro-โ€™.
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์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” 'retro-'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
This particular prefix means to go backwards or regress.
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์ด ํŠน์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ ๋˜๋Š” ํšŒ๊ท€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:19
For example โ€˜retro-migrationโ€™ which means,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์—ญ ๋งˆ์ด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜'์€
08:23
return to your place of origin. Migration back to a place of origin. The prefix โ€˜un-โ€™
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์›๋ž˜ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›๋ž˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งˆ์ด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜. ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ 'un-'์€
08:30
before a word denotes an opposite meaning, such as โ€˜un-apologeticโ€™.
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'un-apologetic'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
There are many prefixes in the English language, some of which take the form of โ€˜combining wordsโ€™
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
08:42
such as... โ€˜anti-โ€™ โ€˜auto-โ€™ and โ€˜omni-โ€™.
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'anti-' 'auto-' ๋ฐ 'omni-'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ '๋‹จ์–ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ'์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
How many prefix words do you know?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:02
Sadly it is time to say โ€˜goodbyeโ€™, but donโ€™t cry because I will be back with you
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์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ๋„ '์•ˆ๋…•'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์šธ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
09:08
very soon, with another edition of my โ€˜Full Englishโ€™ lesson. If you like what you see,
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๊ณง ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ '์™„์ „ํ•œ ์˜์–ด' ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:15
why not subscribe to my YouTube channel. This is Misterduncan in the birthplace of English,
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๋‚ด YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ง€,
09:22
of course that is England, saying thanks for watching and of courseโ€ฆ
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” Misterduncan์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ๋ก 
09:29
ta ta for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋”ฐ๋”ฐ ๋”ฐ๋”ฐ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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