SHOULDA, WOULDA, COULDA - English Addict - 282 - ๐Ÿ”ดLIVE Learning from England / 25th Feb 2024

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2024-02-26 ใƒป English Addict with Mr Duncan


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SHOULDA, WOULDA, COULDA - English Addict - 282 - ๐Ÿ”ดLIVE Learning from England / 25th Feb 2024

2,859 views ใƒป 2024-02-26

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

02:57
we are back together again.
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:01
It is so nice to see you here once more.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:05
Hello, everyone.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚
03:07
Welcome once again.
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ๆ”นใ‚ใฆใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
03:08
It has been a very busy weekend.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„้€ฑๆœซใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:11
Yes, I was on yesterday and I am back today.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ่กŒใฃใฆไปŠๆ—ฅๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:16
It is, of course, English addict coming to you live and direct
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใพใŸใพ่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒ ็”Ÿใงใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใซ็›ดๆŽฅใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ™
03:21
from the birthplace of the English language, which just happens to be.
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ใ€‚
03:26
Well, you know where it is.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
03:27
It's England.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
03:47
We are back together again.
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ใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:51
It is so nice to see you here again once more.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:58
Hi, everybody.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:59
Yes, this is Mr.
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ใฏใ„ใ€
04:01
Duncan in England.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:04
Well, that's what it should say down there.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ“ใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
04:07
But of course, sometimes things don't go the way they should.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒๆ€ใ„้€šใ‚Šใซ้€ฒใพใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:11
It's not my fault.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ›ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:12
You can blame vomit for that.
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ใใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใฏๅ˜”ๅใฎใ›ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:15
Okay. Remakes. It's your fault,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใƒชใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
04:20
not my fault.
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็งใฎใ›ใ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:21
Hi, everybody. This is Mr. Duncan in England.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:24
How are you today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:25
Are you okay?
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:26
I hope so. Are you happy?
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚ ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:28
I hope you are very, very happy today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅนธใ›ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:32
Is it working?
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:33
Come on.
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ๆฅใฆใ€‚
04:36
I was hoping that would work.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:38
You say,
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ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
04:39
but it doesn't look as if it's going to work.
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ใŒใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใใใ†ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:41
well,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€
04:43
you know, in life, you can't have everything.
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ไบบ็”ŸใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:46
Sometimes you want everything.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
But then again, where would you put it?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใฉใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:50
Where would you put it if you had everything in the world?
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใซใ™ในใฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใฉใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ‹?
04:53
Where would you put it?
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ใฉใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:54
There would be nowhere to put it because you would have too much stuff.
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็‰ฉใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจ็ฝฎใๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใชใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ
04:58
If you had everything
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ใ™ในใฆใŒๆƒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
05:01
in here we are again.
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ใพใŸๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
05:03
English addicts up there. That's what it says.
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ใใ“ใซใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:06
Just up there. Can you see it?
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ใ™ใใใ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:09
English addict.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ€‚
05:11
I am one of those.
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็งใ‚‚ใใฎไธ€ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
05:12
It also says it here on my T-shirts.
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็งใฎTใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใซใ‚‚ใใ†ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:16
And I have a feeling maybe you are crazy
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅคขไธญใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™
05:20
about English as well.
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ใ€‚
05:23
Or maybe you are just crazy. Who knows?
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ ๆฐ—ใŒ็‹‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ‹๏ผŸ
05:26
We are back together Sunday.
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
It is Sunday.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
05:29
We are already coming towards the end of the month.
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ใ™ใงใซๆœˆๆœซใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:31
I can't believe it.
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ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
05:33
It seems as if this month has gone by so quickly.
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ไปŠๆœˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใฃใจใ„ใ†้–“ใซ้ŽใŽใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
Very fast.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ—ฉใ„ใ€‚
05:39
In fact, for those wondering,
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€
05:43
I talk about the English language, but of course, it's not just me on Sunday.
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็งใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏ็งใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:48
We also have coming up later on, Mr.
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ๅพŒใปใฉไบˆๅฎšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
05:51
Steve will be with us.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
05:53
For those worried he will be with us.
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŸใกใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
There he is, dancing,
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ใใ“ใงๅฝผใฏ่ธŠใ‚ŠใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€
05:59
getting himself warmed up for today's live stream.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:04
So Mr.
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ใใ‚Œใง
06:05
Steve will be with us at around about 2:30.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏ2ๆ™‚30ๅˆ†้ ƒใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
06:10
So there it is, your Mr.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒป
06:12
Steve Warning
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ€
06:14
or your Mr.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒป
06:16
Steve Alert.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ขใƒฉใƒผใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
06:18
He is coming up and around about 20 minutes from now.
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ๅฝผใฏไปŠใ‹ใ‚‰็ด„20ๅˆ†ๅพŒใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
I hope you are having a good day.
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่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:24
It's not too bad here. Busy yesterday?
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ใ“ใ“ใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ‚ชใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:28
If you joined me yesterday.
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
06:30
Well done for finding me.
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็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:32
Because I wasn't going to do a live stream yesterday.
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€‚
06:35
But I decided that I should.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏใใ†ใ™ในใใ ใจๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:37
Because this month is a short month.
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ไปŠๆœˆใฏ็Ÿญใ„ๆœˆใชใฎใงใ€‚
06:40
It only has 29 days.
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29ๆ—ฅใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:42
So I thought maybe I will do
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€่ฟฝๅŠ ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใ‹ใชใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ€ใใ†ใ—
06:46
some extra live streams,
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06:48
and that is what I have done.
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:52
So I was with you yesterday and I'm here today as well.
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚‚ไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:57
Hello, everyone. It's nice to see you here.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:00
We also have the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:03
It would not be English addict
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07:05
without all of you out there in YouTube land.
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YouTube ใฎไธ–็•Œใซใ„ใ‚‹็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’ใซใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:09
Hello to Beatrice.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
07:13
we will be looking at some of your photographs
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
07:15
in a few moments.
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ใ€‚
07:24
Well, then, Beatrice, you are first on today's live chat.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใฎๆœ€ๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
07:29
Also, we have another one of our regulars, another regular here
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ใพใŸใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏใ‚‚ใ† 1 ไบบใฎๅธธ้€ฃใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“
07:33
on English Addict who is Man Day.
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English Addict ใฎๅธธ้€ฃใ€Man Day ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:38
He's here today.
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ๅฝผใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:39
Hello, Louis.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ€‚
07:40
Also, we have Olga Palmira, by the way.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ‚ชใƒซใ‚ฌใƒปใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:44
How is your foot?
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่ถณใฎ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:47
Is it getting better?
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่‰ฏใใชใฃใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
07:48
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
07:50
Also, we have Zika.
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ใ‚ธใ‚ซ็†ฑใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
We also have Patrick.
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ใƒ‘ใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
07:55
Hello, Patrick.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€‚
07:56
A big boys role to you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๅคงใใชๅฝนๅ‰ฒใ‚’ๆžœใŸใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:59
I hope you are having a good day as this is here.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:04
I know you were joining us yesterday as well, so it's nice to see you back here today.
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ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:09
Sufi. Yes.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
08:12
This is English.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:14
It is English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
08:16
And those things that you saw on the thumbnail
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ใ‚ตใƒ ใƒใ‚คใƒซใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚
08:20
are also part of the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:23
You are right.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:24
Hello, Ahmed.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒผใƒกใƒƒใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:25
Ahmad, hello to you.
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ใ‚ขใƒใƒžใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
08:28
By the way, if it is your first time with me
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€
08:31
on the live chat, say hello.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:34
Don't be shy.
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
08:36
Give it a try.
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่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ€‚
08:38
Say hello.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
08:39
Hello. Also to Marsha.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใƒžใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใซใ‚‚ใ€‚
08:42
Hello, Marsha.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใ€‚
08:43
It is nice to see you here as well.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใงใ‚‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:46
So many people joining me already today on the live chat,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ™ใงใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:50
by the way, today we are talking about ways of using English.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:55
And I suppose this leads to a question
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใ‚ˆใ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใซใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:58
that I often well, I'm often asked the question
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็งใฏใ‚ˆใ่ณชๅ•ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
09:02
and sometimes I have to put that particular question right,
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ็ญ”ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:06
because some people believe there is more than one English.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใ‚ใ‚‹ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:11
I can tell you now, definitely there is only one
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ไปŠใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใจใ„ใ†่จ€่ชžใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใ‚ใ‚Š
09:16
English language, the root,
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ใ€ไป–ใฎ
09:19
where all the other words and all the other phrases come from.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชž ใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:25
And of course, when we are talking about accents, we have the similar situation.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚‚ใ€ ๅŒๆง˜ใฎ็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:31
Accents.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€‚
09:32
Define places or areas.
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใพใŸใฏใ‚จใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ๅฎš็พฉใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:37
It is not the actual language itself.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ่จ€่ชžใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:42
So quite often when we look at accents, you might travel around the country from one place to another.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ชฟในใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅ›ฝไธญใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใธๆ—…่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
Even if everyone speaks English, you will hear accents,
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ใŸใจใˆๅ…จๅ“กใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
09:53
but also you might hear words used in different ways,
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ใชใใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใ€
09:59
different types of use of the English language.
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็•ฐใชใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใ‚‚่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:04
However,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
10:06
it remains the same.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใพใพใงใ™ใ€‚
10:08
The root of all of those differences
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ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸ้•ใ„
10:11
and variations is still English.
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ใ‚„ใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๆ นๆบใฏใ‚„ใฏใ‚Š่‹ฑ่ชžใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:15
There is only one English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏไธ€ใคใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:18
You see, this might be a new thing.
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ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:20
There is only one English, but there are many variations
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
10:26
of that particular thing.
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ใ€‚
10:34
It's true.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:35
So that's what we're looking at today.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:36
We're looking at expressions, types of slang
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็งใŸใกใฏๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ„ใพใ™
10:40
ways of speaking colloquialisms.
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ใ€‚
10:45
that's a nice word.
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ใ„ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใซ
10:46
It's not easy to say
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่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
10:49
colloquialisms.
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ใ€‚
10:51
When we talk about colloquial English,
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ๅฃ่ชž่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
10:55
we are talking about English that is spoken in different places.
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็งใŸใกใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใง่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:59
And of course, in different ways
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
11:03
in formal English,
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€
11:06
informal use of words.
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้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
11:10
So this is something we are looking at today on English addicts.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฟในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:15
And of course we are here for 2 hours.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ2ๆ™‚้–“ๆปžๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:19
So relax, make yourself a hot
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ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ€ๆธฉใ‹ใ„้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ—ใŸใ‚Š
11:22
beverage, have something to drink, have something nearby.
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ใ€่ฟ‘ใใซ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰
11:26
Maybe you are a little hungry, so maybe you could have
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ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠ่…นใŒ็ฉบใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠใคใพใฟใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
11:30
a little nibble at the same time.
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ใ€‚
11:34
If you have a nipple, it means you eat something.
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ไนณ้ฆ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:37
Not a lot of food, but a little.
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้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:41
Just a little bit of food to keep you going during the live stream.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ไธญใซๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใปใ‚“ใฎๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
11:47
So of course you can have a little nibble
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฟ™ใ—ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸ่ปฝ้ฃŸใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
11:50
to keep you busy.
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ใ€‚
11:52
Mr. Steve will be here.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
11:54
A lot of people already worried.
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ใ™ใงใซๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:56
Where is Mr. Steve? Don't worry.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
11:58
He will be with us.
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ๅฝผใฏ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:00
Here it is. You're Mr. Steve.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
12:02
Warning 15 minutes before Mr.
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ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹15ๅˆ†ๅ‰ใซ่ญฆๅ‘Š
12:06
Steve appears.
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ใ€‚
12:07
He will be here live in the studio.
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ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซ็”Ÿๅ‡บๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใ ใ€‚
12:10
I don't know where he is at the moment.
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ๅฝผใŒไปŠใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:13
He seems to have vanished.
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ๅฝผใฏๅคฑ่ธชใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใ€‚
12:15
He's being very busy.
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ๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:16
By the way, on Saturday, yesterday
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎ
12:20
afternoon, Steve was performing in a show
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ๅˆๅพŒใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ
12:24
and I went to see him on Friday night.
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ใฎใงใ€้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใซ่ฆณใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–
12:28
Would you like to see Mr.
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ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆญŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹
12:30
Steve singing?
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๏ผŸ
12:33
Here he is.
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅฝผใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:35
So there is Steve singing his little heart out.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒๅฝผใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅฟƒใ‚’ๆญŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:39
He was in a show
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ๅฝผใฏ
12:42
by Gilbert and Sullivan.
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ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใฎ็•ช็ต„ใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:44
You may have heard of them. The Gondoliers.
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่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ดใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่ˆน้ ญใŸใกใ€‚
12:47
It is a musical show.
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้Ÿณๆฅฝ็•ช็ต„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:48
It is. I suppose you would describe it as an operetta.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒšใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฟใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:53
And Mr.
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ใใ—ใฆ
12:54
Steve likes to perform on the stage.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใงใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
12:58
He likes to act.
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ๅฝผใฏๆผ”ๆŠ€ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
12:59
He likes to perform.
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ๅฝผใฏใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
13:01
He likes to dress up in strange clothes sometimes,
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ๅฝผใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™
13:06
but that has nothing to do with his acting
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆผ”ๆŠ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€
13:10
and he enjoys it as well.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฎ‹ๅฟต
13:13
Sadly, I can't play you the actual music because of copyright,
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ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ ่‘—ไฝœๆจฉใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใงๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
13:18
unfortunately, but we will be talking a bit about that later on.
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใปใฉๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:23
Mr. Steve is a man who is very talented.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ‰่ƒฝใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
13:30
I think it is safe to say
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13:32
he is a man of many talents.
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ๅฝผใฏๅคšๆ‰ใชไบบ็‰ฉใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚้Ž่จ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:37
He can do all sorts of things, I would say,
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ๅฝผใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
13:41
and I am I am surprised Mr.
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13:44
Steve can put his hand to anything.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒไฝ•ใซใงใ‚‚ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ็งใฏ้ฉšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:48
So if you put your hand to something, it means you try it.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไผธใฐใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:53
So it's a great idiom.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:54
It means you try something, you put your hand to something,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฉฆใ™ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€
14:00
you try to do it, or of course you do it.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
14:05
You take your hand to something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:07
You are actually doing that thing.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
14:11
So I think it's a very interesting expression to take your hand.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆกใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ„่กจ็พใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:16
Steve is very practical.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฎŸ่ทต็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:20
He does a lot of things around the house, a lot of the
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ๅฝผใฏๅฎถใฎๅ‘จใ‚ŠใงใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ€
14:23
the hard work and the heavy work.
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ๅคงๅค‰ใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚„้‡ๅŠดๅƒใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:27
For example, in a few weeks
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ๅพŒใซ
14:30
as spring arrives here in England, Mr.
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซๆ˜ฅใŒ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€
14:33
Steve will be out in the garden.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏๅบญใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:36
He will be cutting the grass.
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ๅฝผใฏ่‰ใ‚’ๅˆˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:04
He will be here in a few minutes.
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ๅฝผใฏๆ•ฐๅˆ†ไปฅๅ†…ใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:06
Mr. Steve
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐ
15:09
Very practical.
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้žๅธธใซๅฎŸ่ทต็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:10
He does lots of things.
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ๅฝผใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:12
I remember a couple of years ago he went into the garden and he did a lot of changes.
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ๆ•ฐๅนดๅ‰ใ€ ๅฝผใŒๅบญใซๅ‡บใฆใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:18
He made a lot of changes.
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ๅฝผใฏๅคšใใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:20
He did a lot of work in the garden.
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ๅฝผใฏๅบญใงใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:23
And I have to say I was quite amazed.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ฉšใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:26
In fact, I was very surprised at how much Steve can do.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ้žๅธธใซ้ฉšใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:32
Last year he was busy chopping
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ๆ˜จๅนดใ€ๅฝผใฏ
15:36
logs in the back garden with a giant axe.
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่ฃๅบญใงๅทจๅคงใชๆ–งใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆไธธๅคชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
15:41
Mr. Steve was in the garden waving
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏๅบญใง
15:45
this giant axe all over the place.
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ใ“ใฎๅทจๅคงใชๆ–งใ‚’ใ‚ใกใ“ใกใซๆŒฏใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:54
It's a little worrying, actually, when you see someone
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆ–งใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Šๅ›žใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฟƒ้…ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
15:58
wielding an axe.
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ใ€‚
16:00
Well, that's an interesting word wield.
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ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€้ข็™ฝใ„่จ€่‘‰้ฃใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
16:03
If you wield something, it means you wave
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Šๅ›žใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใฃใŸใ‚Š
16:06
or you move it around in a disorganised, honest way.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็„ก็งฉๅบใงๆญฃ็›ดใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅ‹•ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:12
You wield something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Šๅ›žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:15
Maybe you are chopping a tree down, you might
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœจใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ€’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ–งใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Šๅ›žใ—ใฆๆๆœจใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
16:20
wield
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16:22
an axe
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16:25
timber out.
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ใ€‚
16:31
It's possible.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใ€‚
16:32
It's possible.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใ€‚
16:34
The live chance is very busy.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใฏๅคงๅฟ™ใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:36
Nice to see you here, Nicole.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใƒ‹ใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€‚
16:39
Hello, Nicole.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใ‚ณใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใพใŸ
16:41
Nice to see you back with us.
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ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:43
Mellion is here. Hello, Marlene.
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ใƒกใƒชใ‚ชใƒณใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒžใƒชใƒผใƒณใ€‚
16:46
You see, it's not hard to give me
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16:50
a little message on the live chat,
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’้€ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:53
so let me know you are there because sometimes I worry.
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ๅฟƒ้…ใชใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:57
Sometimes I think there is no one there watching.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:00
So when I see your message,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚
17:03
it makes me feel happy.
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ๅนธใ›ใชๆฐ—ๆŒใกใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:06
It will.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€‚
17:07
From my heart, I have to say.
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ๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:12
Christina.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
17:13
Hello, Christina.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใ€‚
17:14
We also have watching in Brazil.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใงใ‚‚่ฆณๆˆฆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:16
It's Pedro Beaumont
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17:20
who's watching in Brazil.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใง่ฆณๆˆฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใƒšใƒ‰ใƒญใƒปใƒœใƒผใƒขใƒณใƒˆใ ใ€‚
17:22
Hello to you as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
17:24
Quite quote bar is here quite high.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎใ‚ฏใ‚ฉใƒผใƒˆใƒใƒผใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ซ˜ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:27
Bar says I am going to get myself a drink,
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ใƒใƒผใฏใ€็งใŒ้ฃฒใฟ็‰ฉใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใใฆใ€
17:30
have a drink, sit down, make yourself comfortable.
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้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ€ๅบงใฃใฆๅฟซ้ฉใซใชใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:34
Maybe you are watching me on your mobile phone.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใง็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
17:37
Maybe you are watching me on your computer, on the big monitor.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎๅคงใใชใƒขใƒ‹ใ‚ฟใƒผใง็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
17:42
Or maybe
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
17:44
if you are feeling very relaxed,
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
17:47
maybe you are lying down on your sofa or on the couch
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ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚กใซๆจชใŸใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅคง
17:53
watching me on your big screen TV.
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็”ป้ขใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใง็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:58
Maybe if you are.
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
18:01
Am I looking okay?
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็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:03
How do I look on your 50 inch television?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ50ใ‚คใƒณใƒใฎใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใงใฏ็งใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
18:06
Do I look okay? Not too scary, I hope.
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็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ€–ใใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:10
Hello, sir.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€‚
18:11
Kuttab, hello to you as well.
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ใ‚ฏใƒƒใ‚ฟใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใชใซ
18:15
Very nice to see so many people here.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:17
It is busy.
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ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
18:18
It's a busy one.
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ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
18:19
We have Mr. Steve coming up in 10 minutes.
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10ๅˆ†ๅพŒใซใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
18:23
I will give it you again.
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ใพใŸใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
18:25
The Mr.
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ใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒป
18:26
Steve Warning.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒปใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ€‚
18:28
So you are prepared for this.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:31
This is what will be happening soon.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ้–“ใ‚‚ใชใ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
18:34
Live on YouTube.
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YouTube ใงใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:35
FB And as you know, if you have been watching before in the past,
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FB ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซ่ฆ–่ดใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นใชใ‚‰ใ€
18:39
you will know that we have no idea what we are going to say to each other.
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็งใŸใกใŒ ใŠไบ’ใ„ใซไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅ…จใๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:45
So anything can happen.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใงใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
18:48
Can I say hello to Beatrice?
290
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใซใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:50
Thank you very much, Beatrice, for the photographs you sent
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€
18:56
of the place you often visit.
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ใ‚ˆใ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:58
You often tell us that you go up to the mountains.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ˆใๅฑฑใซ็™ปใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:02
But I was always wondering what the mountains
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฑฑใฏใฉใ‚“ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใšใฃใจๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
19:05
looked like, the ones that you actually visit.
295
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ใ€‚
19:08
So Beatrice has actually sent some lovely photographs.
296
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹้€ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
19:13
I will show one and we will.
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ไธ€ใคใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:15
We will have a look at some more later with Mr. Steve.
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ๅพŒใงใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใจใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:19
So there is one of them.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ1ใคใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:22
Can you see it?
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่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
19:23
It's a very nice scenic place.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใชๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:25
Very nice indeed.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚
19:27
Thank you, Beatrice, for that.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
19:29
And we will look at some more of these photographs a little later on.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚
19:33
And there is a very unusual feature
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ใใ—ใฆใ€
19:37
about this particular mountain, a very unusual feature.
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฑฑใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ใ—ใ„็‰นๅพดใ€้žๅธธใซ็ใ—ใ„็‰นๅพดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:43
I wonder if you can spot what the feature is.
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ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‰นๅพดใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŠๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
19:48
So all of that coming up in a few moments from now.
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ใใฎใ™ในใฆใŒไปŠใ‹ใ‚‰ใ™ใใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:54
We will show some more of those photographs
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใง็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
19:58
in a few moments time.
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ใ€‚
20:01
by the way, something I want to mention.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€่งฆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:04
Steve might talk about this later on as well, but I want to mention it now.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ‚‚ๅพŒใปใฉ่ฉฑใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ่งฆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:09
We have decided
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20:12
you might disagree with this,
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ใ”่ณ›ๅŒใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
20:14
but we have decided to start drinking
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ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ็‰›ไนณใ‚’้ฃฒใฟๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
20:19
full cream milk.
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ใ€‚
20:23
So for many years we used to have something called Semi-Skimmed.
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ใใ“ใง้•ทๅนดใ€ ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใƒ‰ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
20:28
So that means some of the fat is taken out of the milk.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่„‚่‚ชใฎไธ€้ƒจใŒ็‰›ไนณใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:33
However, over recent times we've discovered
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใซใชใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
20:37
that full cream milk.
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ใใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
20:41
So that is milk that as it's got all of the cream inside, it's had nothing.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็‰›ไนณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธญใซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒใ™ในใฆๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:45
Take it away. Full cream milk is
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠๅŽปใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใฏใ€
20:50
delicious in everything t coffee,
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20:56
porridge, everything, in fact.
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ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใงใ‚‚ใŠ็ฒฅใงใ‚‚ใ€ไฝ•ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ‚‚็พŽๅ‘ณใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:59
So we've started using or drinking full cream milk.
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ใใ“ใง็งใŸใกใฏใƒ•ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใพใŸใฏ้ฃฒใฟๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:05
A lot of people refer to it as whole milk
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ…จไนณใ€
21:08
wh0le whole, which means of course, complete.
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w0le Wholeใ€ใคใพใ‚ŠๅฎŒๅ…จใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:14
So whole milk is complete milk.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ…จไนณใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชไนณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ€
21:18
It has everything still in the actual milk, including the cream.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ็‰›ไนณใฎใ™ในใฆใŒใใฎใพใพๆฎ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
21:24
So over the years a lot of people started to cut back
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้•ทๅนดใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ
21:28
on the amount of things that they ate, especially fat
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้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้‡ใ€็‰นใซ่„‚่‚ชใฎ้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€
21:32
and for many years we were told
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21:35
that certain types of fat is bad for you.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ่„‚่‚ชใฏไฝ“ใซๆ‚ชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œ็ถšใ‘ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:38
But of course nowadays many
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไปŠๆ—ฅใงใฏๅคšใใฎ
21:41
medical experts have changed their mind.
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ๅŒป็™‚ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:45
So maybe we do need a little bit of fat in our daily diet.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆฏŽๆ—ฅใฎ้ฃŸไบ‹ใซๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎ่„‚่‚ชใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
21:50
But I have to say
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ
21:52
I do like fresh whole milk.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชๅ…จไนณใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:58
And of course there is the other one as well.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:00
The they called it skim and milk.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:05
It's disgusting.
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ๅซŒใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:07
How can anyone drink skimmed milk?
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ใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
22:10
So that has virtually all of the fat taken out,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไบ‹ๅฎŸไธŠใ™ในใฆใฎ่„‚่‚ชใŒๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
22:15
which means when you drink it,
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้ฃฒใ‚€ใจ
22:18
it's almost like drinking water.
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ใปใผๆฐดใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:20
There is no taste, there is no cream, there is nothing.
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ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€‚
22:24
So to be honest with you, I don't like skim milk.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
22:28
And over the past couple of months, we have started
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
22:32
drinking less semi-skimmed milk.
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:36
So these days we often have whole milk instead.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅ…จไนณใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:40
Because between you and me.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใจ็งใฎ้–“ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
22:43
Well, first of all, we don't drink that much milk anyway,
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใจใซใ‹ใ็‰›ไนณใ‚’ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ฃฒใพใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
22:47
and it tastes absolutely delicious.
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็‰›ไนณใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใŠใ„ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:52
It really, really does.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:53
I like it.
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็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
22:55
And Mr. Steve likes it as well.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:57
I would say most people will go between
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏ
23:01
semi-skimmed and whole, so I would imagine most people will go
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ใ‚ปใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใจใƒ›ใƒผใƒซใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใฎ้–“ใ‚’่กŒใใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏ
23:06
between those two types of milk person only.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰2็จฎ้กžใฎใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใฎใฟใ‚’้ธใถใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:12
I prefer whole milk.
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็งใฏๅ…จไนณใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
23:15
You get all of the cream, all of the taste and everything.
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚‚ ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ™ในใฆใŒๅ‘ณใ‚ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
23:19
One thing I've never tried, I've never tried fresh milk,
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็งใŒ่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€็‰›ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŽกใ‚ŒใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎ ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใช็‰›ไนณใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™
23:25
straight,
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23:29
straight from the cow.
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ใ€‚
23:30
I've never tried that.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:32
So I've tried milk that's been processed,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅŠ ๅทฅใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰›ไนณใ‚’่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
23:35
but I've never had actually had
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ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
23:40
fresh milk straight from the cow.
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็‰›ใ‹ใ‚‰็›ดๆŽฅๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใช็‰›ไนณใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:44
Never,
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€
23:45
never tried it.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆ่ฉฆใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:48
I've never milked a cow ever.
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็งใฏ็‰›ใฎไนณใ‚’ๆพใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:51
I've heard it's a very interesting feeling
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใจใจใฆใ‚‚้ข็™ฝใ„ๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใซใชใ‚‹ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
23:54
when you do it, when you have to grab hold of those things
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใคใ‹ใ‚“ใงๅผ•ใฃๅผตใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ†ใพใ
23:59
and pull them,
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24:03
and then hopefully milk will come out
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ใ„ใ‘ใฐใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใŒๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
24:07
and always make sure you have a biscuit
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24:09
nearby as well to collect the milk.
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ใ€‚ใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใใซใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
24:13
In talking of cows,
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็‰›ใฎ่ฉฑใงใฏใ€
24:16
we might have some cows coming up in a few moments
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ใ™ใใซ็‰›ใฎ่ฉฑใŒๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:19
because I know you love the cows, you love to see the lovely cows.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰›ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ€ ็พŽใ—ใ„็‰›ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:24
We have many cows at the back of the garden this year.
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ไปŠๅนดใฏๅบญใฎ่ฃใซ็‰›ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
24:31
They haven't arrived yet.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใ ๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:32
It's a little bit too early for the cows, but maybe in a couple of months
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็‰›ใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ—ฉใ™ใŽใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆๅพŒ
24:37
or maybe just a few weeks from now, we will have some cows in the garden again.
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ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใปใ‚“ใฎๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ๅพŒใซใฏใ€ ใพใŸๅบญใซ็‰›ใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
24:45
So if you want to tell me what type of milk you like,
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ๅฅฝใฟใฎใƒŸใƒซใ‚ฏใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใปใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
24:49
please let me know on the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
24:53
He will be with us in a few moments.
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ๅฝผใฏใ™ใใซ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
24:55
Mr. Steve will be here soon.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
24:59
This is your final warning.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่ญฆๅ‘Šใงใ™ใ€‚
25:01
Mr. Steve will be here in a few moments.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
25:06
In fact, right after this.
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ๅฎŸใฏใ“ใฎ็›ดๅพŒใ€‚
29:11
There I was having a splash around with my puddle dance,
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ใใ“ใง็งใฏๆฐดใŸใพใ‚Šใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใงๆฐดใ—ใถใใ‚’ใ‚ใ’ใชใŒใ‚‰
29:16
talking of puddled, here is a man who is often described as โ€˜puddledโ€™
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ๆฐดใŸใพใ‚Šใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ˆใใ€ŒๆฐดใŸใพใ‚Šใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”ทๆ€งใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:21
He's coming up in a moment.
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ๅฝผใฏใ™ใใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
29:22
Mr. Steve is on his way.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:43
English addict.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใ€‚
29:44
That's what it says on the screen, because that's what it is.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็”ป้ขใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:47
English addict is here with you.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:50
And of course, joining me now
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ
29:53
in his own little comfortable corner,
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅฑ…ๅฟƒๅœฐใฎ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ณใƒผใƒŠใƒผใซๆฅใฆใ€
29:56
he welcomes it is the man who likes to appear on the Internet.
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ๅฝผใฏ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใซ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆญ“่ฟŽใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:02
He likes to appear on the stage.
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ๅฝผใฏ่ˆžๅฐใซ็ซ‹ใคใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
30:05
He likes to appear in front of the local magistrate.
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ๅฝผใฏๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎๅˆคไบ‹ใฎๅ‰ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ ใ€‚
30:09
He gets all over the place. It is
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ๅฝผใฏใ‚ใกใ“ใกใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
30:14
Mr. Steve
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒป
30:19
London.
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30:19
I know, Mr. Duncan.
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ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณๆฐใงใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:21
Hello, beautiful, wonderful, loyal viewers from across the globe and the universe
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ ไธ–็•Œไธญใจๅฎ‡ๅฎ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
30:27
watching us today, trying to teach you some English.
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็งใŸใกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€็พŽใ—ใใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€ๅฟ ๅฎŸใช่ฆ–่ด่€…ใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:32
I can't wait to read your lovely comments in the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใ‚โ€‹โ€‹ใชใŸใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใŒๅพ…ใกใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“
30:35
I can't see your faces, which would be nice, but I can't wait to to to look at your comments
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ใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ„ใฎใฏๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใŒใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’
30:41
and read them out and see your little own perspective on what we're talking about.
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่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€็งใŸใกใŒ ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใชใ‚Šใฎ่ฆ–็‚นใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅพ…ใกใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:46
So how are you, Mr. Duncan?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
30:48
Well, first of all,
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ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€
30:51
it helps if the microphone is above you.
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ใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใŒ้ ญไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚
30:54
right.
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ๅณใ€‚
30:55
Okay.
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30:55
So let's start again. Mr. Duncan.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
30:59
That's okay.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
31:00
See, the thing is, I'm going to explain what happens before I come on.
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ ใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
31:04
Sometimes Steve arrives and I'm still setting everything up and it doesn't give me a chance.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็งใฏใพใ  ใ™ในใฆใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใ‚นใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:09
You see, he starts asking me questions. Shall I sit here?
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใซ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
31:12
What shall I do with this? Where shall I go?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
31:14
And I'm trying to set everything up and Steve is just asking all these questions.
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็งใฏใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฏใŸใ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:19
So then I forgot to put the microphone near Steve
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚’็ฝฎใใฎใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
31:22
because he was above me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me.
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ๅฝผใŒ็งใฎไธŠใซใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€็งใ€‚
31:25
I wasn't Mr. Duncan. He's exaggerating.
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็งใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅคงใ’ใ•ใ ใ€‚ ใใฎ
31:28
I can tell you how.
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
31:29
You know, when I sat down, I felt something's sticking in me today.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅบงใฃใŸใจใใซ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็งใฎไธญใซๅˆบใ•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
31:32
Mr. Duncan. Really?
430
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ
31:33
When I sat down in the seat and guess what was on the seat, I don't know.
431
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ๅบงๅธญใซๅบงใฃใฆ ใ€ๅบงๅธญใซไฝ•ใŒ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:37
This lump of blue tack.
432
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ใ“ใฎ้’ใ„ใ‚ฟใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅกŠใ€‚
31:38
Okay, That's very interesting, Steve.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€‚
31:40
Well, I know, but, you know, I like Jack, you know,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€็งใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
31:43
have a nice, clean area to sit down to and have to sit on lumps of blue tack. Mr.
435
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ๅบงใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€้ฉใงๆธ…ๆฝ”ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€้’ใ„ใ‚ฟใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅกŠใฎไธŠใซๅบงใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
31:47
Duncan Well, I'm sure.
436
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใใฃใจ
31:48
I'm sure you've been in worse places than that.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจใฒใฉใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:51
Anyway, today we are back together.
438
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใฏไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
31:52
You were not here last week. And yesterday.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ…ˆ้€ฑใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€‚
31:56
And also on Friday you were performing on stage.
440
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ใใ—ใฆ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใซใ‚‚ๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
32:00
We will briefly mention this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธไธŠใฎ
32:02
I will show a little bit of Mr.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™
32:04
Steve on the stage. Are you ready? Here it comes.
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ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๆฅใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚
32:07
So there is Steve singing his little heart out.
444
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒๅฝผใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅฟƒใ‚’ๆญŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:12
And this was on Friday night.
445
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใฎใ“ใจใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
32:14
We can't actually play the music itself because, well, you know, because of the
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้Ÿณๆฅฝ่‡ชไฝ“ใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:20
the copyright goblins lurking around.
447
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่‘—ไฝœๆจฉใ‚ดใƒ–ใƒชใƒณใŒๆฝœใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
32:24
So I'm on the right, by the way. Right, Steve?
448
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ใกใชใฟใซ็งใฏๅณๅดใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–๏ผŸ
32:28
Yes. Well, we kind of recognise you.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ใ‚‹็จ‹ๅบฆ่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:31
I just of course, you're the one on the right.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅณใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ใชใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
32:35
We did not think you were the guy on the left.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅทฆๅดใฎ็”ทใ ใจใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
32:38
Unless, of course, you've been eating lots of pies.
452
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒ‘ใ‚คใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅˆฅใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
32:41
But there is Steve.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ“ใซใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:42
So what were you doing there?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ“ใงไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
32:43
Steve So this is Gilbert and Sullivan,
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ– ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Žใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
32:47
which is, it's a light opera or operetta
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ปฝใ„ใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใ€ใพใŸใฏ
32:52
as it's sometimes described.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ชใƒšใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฟใงใ™ใ€‚
32:54
So it's an opera, but it's light opera and it's sort of 1890s, that kind of 1880s, 1890s,
458
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใงใ™ใŒใ€่ปฝใ„ใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€1890 ๅนดไปฃใ€1880ๅนดไปฃใ€1890ๅนดไปฃใฎใ€
33:01
comic opera by the famous
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33:04
writers of the time, Gilbert and Sullivan.
460
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ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฎๆœ‰ๅใชไฝœๅฎถใ€ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
33:07
Yes. Well, the interesting thing is they were,
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€
33:10
they were the innovators of what we now call satire.
462
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็พๅœจ้ขจๅˆบใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้ฉๆ–ฐ่€…ใ ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:15
So they were the first satirists.
463
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ใคใพใ‚Šๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ขจๅˆบๅฎถใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
33:17
They were the first people to actually make fun of those
464
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€
33:22
in authority, such as politicians and people with high status.
465
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33:27
So it is interesting to note that Gilbert
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆ
33:31
and Sullivan were the first ever satirists.
467
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ใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใŒๅฒไธŠๅˆใฎ้ขจๅˆบๅฎถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
33:36
They were the ones that used to make fun, or they started to make fun of those
468
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไปฅๅ‰ใฏใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸไบบใŸใกใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
33:41
who were in authority, especially politics.
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ๆจฉๅŠ›่€…ใ€็‰นใซๆ”ฟๆฒปใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸไบบใŸใกใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
33:45
They seem to have a big problem with people in politics
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€้ ˜ไธปใชใฉใฎๆ”ฟๆฒป้–ขไฟ‚่€…ใจๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
33:50
such as the the, the Lords.
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ใ€‚
33:54
So they would often make fun of those people, wouldn't they?
472
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33:57
Steve? Yes, particularly pompous people in authority.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–๏ผŸ ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€็‰นใซๆจฉๅจใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใใ†ใชไบบใŸใกใงใ™ใ€‚
34:01
It was the sort of satire, satire of its day.
474
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ้ขจๅˆบใ€ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฎ้ขจๅˆบใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
34:04
Well, it's done to music. It did, yeah.
475
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ใพใ‚ใ€้Ÿณๆฅฝใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆๅฎŒๆˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ ใญใ€‚
34:07
Well, satire didn't really exist before genius.
476
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅคฉๆ‰ไปฅๅ‰ใซใฏ้ขจๅˆบใชใ‚“ใฆๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
34:11
So that's the interesting thing.
477
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34:13
They were they really were the innovators.
478
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34:16
So you are going back a very long way.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„้“ใฎใ‚Šใ‚’้กใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:18
And it is interesting to note that I suppose also Shakespeare
480
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34:23
is another one who made a satire,
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34:28
I think,
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34:30
in the way he used the English
483
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34:32
language, used to cause an uproar in its day because it used to make fun
484
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34:37
of very sort of prominent figures in authority
485
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34:41
and but, you know, we still do that, but
486
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34:46
but not not cleverly to music in the way that they did then of course.
487
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34:51
But yeah it's lovely music it's it's happy
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใช้Ÿณๆฅฝใ ใ—ใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใง
34:55
jolly music and it's fun.
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34:58
It's comic, it's it's comic opera.
490
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใงใ™ใ€‚
35:02
So people come to watch it.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
35:03
It's old fashioned.
492
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ๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใงใ™ใญใ€‚
35:06
It's very old fashioned.
493
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
35:07
And it's going out of popularity and has done for
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏไบบๆฐ—ใŒใชใใชใ‚Šใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
35:10
certainly of the last 40 or 50 years in this country.
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ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏ้ŽๅŽป40ๅนดใ‹50ๅนดใฎ้–“ใ€็ขบๅฎŸใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:13
But it's still very popular in America.
496
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:17
It's still very popular in Australia and other countries around the world.
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใ‚„ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๅ›ฝใ€…ใงไปŠใงใ‚‚้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
35:21
But we try in our own little way and our own amateur way
498
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใชใ‚Šใฎๅฐใ•ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง ใ€ใ‚ขใƒžใƒใƒฅใ‚ขใชใ‚Šใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€
35:25
to keep the traditions of the comic opera alive.
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ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใฎไผ็ตฑใ‚’ๅญ˜็ถšใ•ใ›ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๅŠชใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:30
Well, you know, it's part of our heritage, part of our tradition. Yes.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ้บ็”ฃใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไผ็ตฑใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
35:33
Well, you have lots of people coming up and they were complimenting the show,
501
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใ‚’่ค’ใ‚ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
35:39
but also also your your performance as well.
502
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใ‚‚่ค’ใ‚ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
35:43
This particular one, if anyone's ever if anybody wants to look it up,
503
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใ€ ่ชฐใ‹่ชฟในใŸใ„ไบบใŒใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
35:46
Gilbert and Sullivan, this one was called the Gondoliers.
504
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ดใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่ˆน้ ญใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
35:49
The gondoliers.
505
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ใ‚ดใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่ˆน้ ญใŸใกใ€‚
35:50
So it's very Italian theme to it.
506
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ข็š„ใชใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
35:55
The gondoliers from Venice taking people in their boats,
507
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ใƒดใ‚งใƒใƒ„ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใ‚ดใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่ˆน้ ญใŒ ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ใƒœใƒผใƒˆใซไน—ใ›ใ€
36:00
wooing the ladies and, and, and having fun.
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ๅฅณๆ€งใŸใกใ‚’ๅฃ่ชฌใใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:04
So it's an Italian take on, on, on that sort of John Yeah.
509
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ข้ขจใซ่งฃ้‡ˆใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใช ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
36:12
So to speak.
510
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ใ„ใ‚ใฐใ€‚
36:13
So yeah, it's, it's set in Italy and
511
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€่ˆžๅฐใฏใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใงใ€
36:16
in fact the piazza where it's set is still, it still exists today.
512
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€่ˆžๅฐใจใชใฃใŸๅบƒๅ ดใฏ ไปŠใงใ‚‚ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:20
I can't remember the name of it but actually was based on a particular place in Italy.
513
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ๅๅ‰ใฏๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:26
So anybody watching from Italy can look that up.
514
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ–่ดใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ่ชฐใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
36:30
The gondoliers, the history of that and we'll see that it's actually
515
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ใ‚ดใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใฎ่ˆน้ ญใ€ใใฎๆญดๅฒใ‚’ ่ชฟในใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
36:33
based on a place in Italy and it's just friendly, lovely music
516
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ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใŸใ  ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒผใง็ด ๆ•ตใช้Ÿณๆฅฝ
36:38
and everybody went out laughing and, and saying that they had had a good fun.
517
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ใงใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช็ฌ‘ใ„ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
36:42
So that's, that's, that's, that's what we want to do.
518
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
36:44
Entertain and keep up the traditions of the comic opera
519
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36:48
talking of which entertaining is something we want to do as well today on English Addict.
520
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใƒปใ‚ขใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใƒˆใงใ€ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ†ใ‚คใƒกใƒณใƒˆใจใ—ใฆ่ชžใ‚Š็ถ™ใŒใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ชใƒšใƒฉใฎไผ็ตฑใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:54
We have lots of things coming up today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใŒไบˆๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚‰
36:56
Now we received some lovely
522
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็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ†™็œŸใŒๅฑŠใใพใ—ใŸ
37:00
photographs from Beatrice.
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ใ€‚
37:03
Hello, Beatrice.
524
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚ ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏ้ ป็นใซๅฑฑใซ่กŒใใฎใงใ€
37:05
I did actually ask for some photographs of the mountains
525
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ๅฑฑใฎๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ไฝ•ๆžšใ‹ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
37:09
because quite often Beatrice will go to the mountains
526
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37:13
and very kindly she has sent some photographs.
527
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใซใ‚‚ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
37:18
So here is one of them.
528
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ใ“ใ“ใซใใฎ 1 ใคใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
37:20
And isn't that lovely?
529
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็ด ๆ•ตใชใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
37:22
So that gives you a very nice flavour
530
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ๅ‘ณ
37:27
or a sense of the place.
531
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ใ‚„ใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
37:30
Very open with beautiful mountains in the distance.
532
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้ ใใซ็พŽใ—ใ„ๅฑฑใ€…ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใฆใจใฆใ‚‚้–‹ๆ”พ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
37:34
Another photograph. Here's another one.
533
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ๅˆฅใฎๅ†™็œŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:37
Look at that.
534
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ใ‚ใ‚Œ่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚ˆใ€‚
37:38
And there is something rather unusual about this particular mountain.
535
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฑฑใซใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š็ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:41
I'm not sure if you can spot it, Steve, but this mountain
536
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅฑฑใซใฏ
37:44
has something very interesting about it
537
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
37:48
and if you look closely, you can actually see on this particular mountain
538
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ใ€ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€
37:53
the place where Beatrice likes to go and spend her time.
539
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใŒใ‚ˆใ่กŒใ ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ™ๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใ“ใฎๅฑฑใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:56
You will see there is a human face staring upwards.
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ไธŠใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ้–“ใฎ้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:03
It's not unusual.
541
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:04
I will give you another look, another view,
542
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ๅˆฅใฎ่ฆ‹ๆ–นใ€ๅˆฅใฎ่ฆ‹ๆ–นใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
38:07
but I will turn the photograph around so you can see what I mean.
543
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ใŒใ€ ็งใฎ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ†™็œŸใ‚’่ฃ่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:11
Look at that.
544
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ใ‚ใ‚Œ่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚ˆใ€‚
38:13
There is a human face.
545
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ไบบ้–“ใฎ้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:15
I can't see that.
546
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:16
What is it? One of those?
547
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ1ใคใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
38:17
Yes, it's one of those situations where your brain
548
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ใฏใ„ใ€
38:21
will try and and make sense,
549
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38:24
because the brain is very much focussed on recognising human faces.
550
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่„ณใฏ ไบบ้–“ใฎ้ก”ใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้žๅธธใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่„ณใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใฎ1ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
38:28
So if it sees patterns in rocks and in the landscape,
551
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฒฉใ‚„้ขจๆ™ฏใซใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆœˆใ‚„ๆœˆใฎไธญใซ
38:33
then we often see human face like in the moon and a man in the moon.
552
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ไบบ้–“ใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
38:38
So can you see yet? I'm not sure if we have that long.
553
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚“ใชใซ้•ทใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:41
Yeah, I've only got two eyes and then a sort of smiling face and a nose.
554
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ใใ†ใ€็งใซใฏ็›ฎใŒ 2 ใคใ—ใ‹ใชใ ใ€ใ‚ใจใฏ็ฌ‘ใฟใ‚’ๆตฎใ‹ในใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ก”ใจ้ผปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:45
Yes, there's a smiling face.
555
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ใฏใ„ใ€็ฌ‘้ก”ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:46
I think I can see that Mr. Jones.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใƒณใ‚บใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:48
He looks like he's just watching something far away.
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ใพใ‚‹ใง้ ใใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
38:52
So that is very interesting.
558
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
38:54
It is interesting.
559
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
38:55
Sometimes clouds will do the same thing.
560
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏ้›ฒใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:59
Clouds sometimes will will form
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้›ฒใฏๆ™‚ใ€…
39:03
certain shapes, or maybe they will resemble something.
562
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฝขใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซไผผใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:08
Or maybe in the morning when you are having your breakfast,
563
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๆœใ€ ๆœ้ฃŸใ‚’ใจใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€
39:10
maybe you put some toast inside the electric toaster
564
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้›ปๆฐ—ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใฎไธญใซใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹
39:15
and then it pops up and there you can see there's a face of Jesus, for goodness sake.
565
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ใจใ€ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ้ฃ›ใณๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซ ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ
39:20
How did that get there? See?
566
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ใใ“ใซใŸใฉใ‚Š็€ใ„ใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
39:23
So it kind of happened.
567
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39:23
You can see shapes and figures
568
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅ ด้ขใง
ๅฝขใ‚„ๅ›ณๅฝขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
39:27
in all sorts of situations.
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ใ€‚
39:30
So so sometimes when you look at the sky, you can see a face in the clouds
570
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็ฉบใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ ้›ฒใฎไธญใซ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ€
39:35
or in the case of Beatrice, as with her photographs,
571
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅ†™็œŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
39:39
you could see a face in the mountains.
572
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ๅฑฑใฎไธญใซ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:42
Yes, up
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ใใ†ใ€
39:43
towards the heavens.
574
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1084
ๅคฉใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ€‚
39:45
The human brain wants to see those patterns because it's very important for us to recognise people's faces.
575
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5339
ไบบใฎ้ก”ใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็งใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไบบ้–“ใฎ่„ณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:50
We can always remember a face.
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็งใŸใกใฏ้ก”ใ‚’ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
39:52
It's something that
577
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ใใ‚Œใฏ
39:54
our brains are very good at.
578
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1918
็งใŸใกใฎ่„ณใŒ้žๅธธใซๅพ—ๆ„ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
39:56
It is remembering somebodies face, you see,
579
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ้ก”ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใฆใ€
39:59
and then you see it ten years later and you will recognise the person.
580
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10ๅนดๅพŒใซใใฎ้ก”ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ ใใฎไบบใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
40:02
And so we built into us
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
40:06
to try and see patterns of eyes and nose and a mouth,
582
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4171
็›ฎใจ้ผปใจๅฃใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็งใŸใกใฎไธญใซ็ต„ใฟ่พผใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€
40:10
some eyes if we, if we see it and it's by coincidence, as you say, on a piece of toast
583
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŸใกใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒๅถ็„ถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒˆใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใฎไธŠใ€
40:16
or on a mountain or in a field or something, we are over in the moon.
584
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ๅฑฑใฎไธŠใ€ใพใŸใฏ้‡ŽๅŽŸใฎไธŠใงใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็›ฎ ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏๆœˆใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:21
The man in the moon we will see a face even
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ใŸใจใˆ
40:24
because our brains are a try to do that.
586
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็งใŸใกใฎ่„ณใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆœˆใฎ็”ทใฎ้ก”ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
40:28
That's it.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
40:29
Some people believe that the moon is made of cheese.
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ๆœˆใฏใƒใƒผใ‚บใงใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:32
Some people believe that it is a giant death star.
589
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3003
ใใ‚ŒใŒๅทจๅคงใชๆญปใฎๆ˜Ÿใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:35
Who knows?
590
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935
็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ‹๏ผŸ
40:36
But you can definitely see a little man's face when you look at the moon.
591
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4437
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ้–“้•ใ„ใชใๅฐใ•ใช็”ทใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
40:40
It looks like he's he's looking directly back.
592
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ใพใฃใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใ‚’ๅ‘ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
40:44
And you say,
593
2444872
451
ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€
40:46
Olga's asked if the music was live, what it was.
594
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3237
ใ‚ชใƒซใ‚ฌใŒใใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:49
They have recorded it. It was just we only had piano.
595
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3003
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ˜้Œฒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŸใ ใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใ—ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:52
We didn't actually have an orchestra.
596
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1351
ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:54
We just had a piano accompaniment.
597
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3153
ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใƒ”ใ‚ขใƒŽใฎไผดๅฅใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
40:57
And that because it was just a concert.
598
2457318
1718
ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:59
So the whole performance was live.
599
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2069
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ‘ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒณใ‚นใฏใ™ในใฆใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:01
It was live, yes. With an audience.
600
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3203
ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ่ฆณๅฎขใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ€‚
41:04
And we did record it, but
601
2464308
3220
้Œฒ้Ÿณใฏใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅ‹Ÿ้‡‘ๆดปๅ‹•ใฎใŸใ‚
41:07
we didn't have an orchestra because it was just a fund raising concerns.
602
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3270
ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใฏใคใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
41:10
It wasn't a full on stage production.
603
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2519
ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธไธŠใฎไฝœๅ“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:13
It was just a fundraising concert that we put together in eight weeks.
604
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4638
ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŸใกใŒ8้€ฑ้–“ใ‹ใ‘ใฆไฝœใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ๅ‹Ÿ้‡‘้›†ใ‚ใฎใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใƒˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:17
Now, Nystrom mentioned something very interesting
605
2477955
3937
ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒ‹ใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ ใฏใ€ใ‚ถใƒปใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚บใฎใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ซใƒซใƒใƒฃใƒผใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ—ใŸ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
41:21
using popular culture in The Simpsons.
606
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ใ€‚
41:25
Who remembers Sideshow Bob now?
607
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2436
ไปŠใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใƒปใƒœใƒ–ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
41:28
He was the he was the the baddie who kept trying to kill Bart Simpson.
608
2488432
6023
ๅฝผใฏ ใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒปใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚’ๆฎบใใ†ใจใ—็ถšใ‘ใŸๆ‚ช่€…ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:35
And he would he would keep appearing in various episodes.
609
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4321
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ—็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
41:39
And he was always trying to to kill Bart Simpson.
610
2499777
4287
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏๅธธใซใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒปใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚’ๆฎบใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:44
And In one episode, he was actually performing a piece
611
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3987
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใงใฏใ€ๅฝผใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ HMS ใƒ”ใƒŠใƒ•ใ‚ฉใ‚ขใฎไฝœๅ“ใ‚’ๆผ”ๅฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
41:48
from HMS Pinafore, which is, of course, by Gilbert
612
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆ
41:52
and Sullivan, a very famous operetta
613
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ใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€G ใจ S ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๆœ‰ๅใชใ‚ชใƒšใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฟใงใ‚ใ‚Š
41:56
by G and S, and that was Sideshow Bob.
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚ทใƒงใƒผ ใƒœใƒ–ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
42:00
He was doing it.
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ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
42:01
So you might find Gilbert and Sullivan
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใฏ
42:04
used in popular culture quite often.
617
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ซใƒซใƒใƒฃใƒผใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:08
I believe in an A in one of the and one of the Star Trek movies.
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็งใฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏๆ˜ ็”ปใฎ 1 ใคใจ 1 ใคใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใฎ A ใ‚’ไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใฎไธญใงใ€ใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใฎไธ€้ƒจใŒ
42:13
I believe they used
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ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
42:16
a segment of
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42:18
Gilbert and Sullivan in that particular one of those movies.
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ใ€‚
42:22
I think it was Dieter you know, the Android.
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ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ‰ใƒญใ‚คใƒ‰ใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:25
He's actually singing a piece of Gilbert and Sullivan.
623
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ๅฝผใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ€Œใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใ€ใฎๆ›ฒใ‚’ๆญŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:31
Very interesting how these things occur and appear,
624
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใ€็พใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‹้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
42:35
you know, even in modern culture, still very popular in America, probably.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€็พไปฃๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใซใŠใ„ใฆใ•ใˆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
42:40
I mean, its popularity is decreasing because it was obviously very old.
626
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ้žๅธธใซๅคใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใฎไบบๆฐ—ใฏไฝŽไธ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:45
But what happens is that people put them on it, slightly,
627
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ ไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ ใ‘ไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใ€
42:47
rewrite it to fit in with with modern
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็พไปฃใฎ
42:51
events and modern people, change the name
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ๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใ‚„็พไปฃไบบใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆๆ›ธใ็›ดใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—
42:54
sometimes and change some of the wording to make it more modern.
630
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ใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็พไปฃ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไธ€้ƒจใฎๆ–‡่จ€ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:58
And the reason it survived is because the music is so nice. Yes,
631
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒ็”Ÿใๆฎ‹ใฃใŸ็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ้ŸณๆฅฝใŒใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ€
43:03
the melodies that were written are so lovely
632
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ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใง
43:07
and so clever that it survived all these all these years, well over 100 years.
633
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ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ณขใ„ใฎใงใ€100ๅนดไปฅไธŠใ‚‚ใšใฃใจ็”Ÿใๆฎ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
43:12
But sometimes to bring it up to date,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไผๆฅญใฏใ€ๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใซ
43:15
a company will change some of the words
635
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43:17
and the names of people in it to make it more up to date.
636
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ๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ไบบ็‰ฉใฎๅๅ‰ใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:22
But certainly in this country it definitely is dying out
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€
43:26
because our audience is a very old, very elderly.
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่ด่ก†ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜้ฝข่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใๆถˆๆป…ใ—ใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:30
They would have grown up with it.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใจใจใ‚‚ใซๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
43:31
It would have been in schools.
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ๅญฆๆ กใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
43:33
Their parents would have had recordings of it at home.
641
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไธก่ฆชใฏ่‡ชๅฎ…ใงใใฎๆง˜ๅญใ‚’้Œฒ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฏใšใ ใ€‚
43:36
And you talk to anybody in the audience of a certain age
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ไธ€ๅฎšใฎๅนด้ฝขใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
43:39
and I mean sort of 70 plus, and they would always say,
643
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70ๆญณไปฅไธŠใฎ่ด่ก†ใจ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€Œ
43:43
my parents used to play these records and it's nice to hear the songs again.
644
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็งใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ€ ใใ—ใฆๅ†ใณใใฎๆ›ฒใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€ใ€‚
43:48
But of course, people don't really buy.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:50
It's Gilbert and Sullivan that goes all play.
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ๅ…จๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅฐฝใใ™ใฎใฏใ‚ฎใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใจใ‚ตใƒชใƒใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
43:54
Steve It's like anything, anything, even even music
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒด ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใใ†ใ ใ—ใ€
43:58
from the 1970s and also the 1980s.
648
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1970ๅนดไปฃใ‚„1980ๅนดไปฃใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ•ใˆใ‚‚ใใ†ใ ใ€‚ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅนด้ฝขๅฑคๅ‘ใ‘ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ€
44:01
A lot of people see that is very old fashioned
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใ ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™
44:04
because it is for a certain age group.
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ใ€‚
44:08
So every, every generation comes and goes,
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ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ไธ–ไปฃใŒๆฅใฆใฏๅŽปใฃใฆใ„ใใ€
44:13
and then there are new fashions, new styles,
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใ€
44:17
and you always find as the generations
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ไธ–ไปฃใŒ้€ฒใ‚€ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
44:19
move on those things from the from the past will stay,
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้ŽๅŽปใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
44:25
but they will slowly over time, they will slowly fade away.
655
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ ๆถˆใˆใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€‚
44:30
Now, one of our friends last weekend was telling us about
656
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆ้€ฑๆœซใ€็งใŸใกใฎๅ‹ไบบใฎไธ€ไบบใŒใ€ใฉใ“ใง
44:34
I don't know
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44:34
where it's happening, but apparently there is
658
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้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŒใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰
44:37
there is a disco that takes place
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ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใŒ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ€
44:40
and it takes place before the
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3137
44:44
the main disco or the main club opens.
661
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ใƒกใ‚คใƒณใฎใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚„ใƒกใ‚คใƒณใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒ–ใŒ้–‹ใๅ‰ใซ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
44:49
So lots of people in their fifties and sixties
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
44:52
like us can go along and have have a dance, but they do it in the afternoon.
663
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช50ไปฃใ‚„60ไปฃใฎไบบใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆๅพŒใซ่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:59
No, not at night. Yes.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅคœใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
45:01
So before the proper before the actual nightclub opens,
665
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใƒŠใ‚คใƒˆใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒ–ใŒ้–‹ใๅ‰ใซใ€
45:06
they will actually have a disco in the afternoon
666
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2736
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅˆๅพŒใซใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚’้–‹ใไบˆๅฎšใงใ€
45:08
for people like us who are who are getting on a bit and they play all of the eighties music
667
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5806
็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฐ‘ใ—่ชฟๅญใซไน—ใฃใŸไบบใ€…ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ 80ๅนดไปฃใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๆผ”ๅฅใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
45:15
so we can have a dance to two things like Wham
668
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4588
็งใŸใกใฏใƒฏใƒ ใชใฉใฎ2ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ่ธŠใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
45:20
and culture Club and the Pet Shop Boys and things
669
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ใ‚ซใƒซใƒใƒฃใƒผ ใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒ–ใ‚„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆ ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ— ใƒœใƒผใ‚คใ‚บใ€
45:24
like Abba, things we love from the 1980s
670
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ใ‚ขใƒใชใฉใ€1980 ๅนดไปฃใ‹ใ‚‰ 1990 ๅนดไปฃใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆ็งใŸใกใŒๆ„›ใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎ
45:29
and the 1990s. Yes.
671
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ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
45:30
So yeah, it's because we all used to go out whatever music was playing in the eighties and nineties
672
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5455
ใใ†ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ 80ๅนดไปฃใ‹ใ‚‰90ๅนดไปฃใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ใฉใ‚“ใช้ŸณๆฅฝใŒ
45:36
that we would dance to, might even be a bit of
673
2736795
3020
ใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ่ธŠใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸ
45:39
disco music, you know, traditional
674
2739881
3003
ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ไผ็ตฑ็š„ใช
45:43
disco music and that we would go and dance to that.
675
2743785
5739
ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆ่ธŠใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€‚
45:49
You can now rather than stay up late, you can, you can go between two and five
676
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5355
ไปŠใงใฏใ€ๅคœๆ›ดใ‹ใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ 2ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰5ๆ™‚ใฎ้–“ใงใ€
45:55
and go to one of the special disco is just for people of a certain age.
677
2755063
5022
็‰นๅฎšใฎๅนด้ฝขใฎไบบใ ใ‘ใŒๅˆฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹็‰นๅˆฅใชใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
46:00
It reminds me a little bit of those, those restaurants and places
678
2760118
4405
46:04
where you can go in the afternoon and have a meal early.
679
2764523
3803
ๅˆๅพŒใซ่กŒใฃใฆ ๆ—ฉใ‚ใซ้ฃŸไบ‹ใ‚’ใงใใ‚‹ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ‚„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:08
And they they normally say it's people over 50 or over 60
680
2768627
5255
ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ50ๆญณไปฅไธŠใ‹60ๆญณไปฅไธŠใฎไบบใŸใกใง
46:14
and they can go there in the afternoon and they can have a discount meal.
681
2774215
3437
ใ€ๅˆๅพŒใซใใ“ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใ€ๅ‰ฒๅผ•ไพกๆ ผใฎ้ฃŸไบ‹ใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:18
So they have a nice meal, but it's it's a little cheaper
682
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2986
ใŠใ„ใ—ใ„้ฃŸไบ‹ใŒๆไพ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅ€คๆฎตใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฎ‰ใ
46:21
and it's aimed at people who are older.
683
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3019
ใ€ๅนด้ฝขๅฑคใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ไบบๅ‘ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
46:24
And I think this disco is very similar, so we might be able to go along.
684
2784676
4654
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ณใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ไธ€็ท’ ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:29
Stephen, have have a dance with all the other people
685
2789330
3871
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใ€
46:33
who remember the music from the 1970s and the 1980s.
686
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4438
1970 ๅนดไปฃใจ 1980 ๅนดไปฃใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎใฟใ‚“ใชใจใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
46:37
Wouldn't that be great?
687
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1051
ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
46:38
It sounds like fun, actually, yes, I do.
688
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2302
ๆฅฝใ—ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
46:40
I do that.
689
2800992
1201
็งใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
46:42
The trouble is, though, it's it's nice to go to under a dancefloor and see young people.
690
2802193
5856
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚นใƒ•ใƒญใ‚ขใฎไธ‹ใซ่กŒใฃใฆ่‹ฅ่€…ใŸใกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆฅฝใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใ€‚
46:48
I don't really want to be dancing with a load of old people who are of the same age as me.
691
2808049
5739
็งใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใจๅŒใ˜ๅนด้ฝขใฎ่€ไบบใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่ธŠใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
46:53
It's sort of struggling to even get up.
692
2813788
2603
็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใฎใ‚‚ไธ€่‹ฆๅŠดใงใ™ใ€‚
46:56
So I don't think that it's going to be much for Steve.
693
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2852
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใซใจใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใชใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:59
You know what that is?
694
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1385
ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
47:00
That is a jest.
695
2820628
2870
ใใ‚Œใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
47:03
Well, yes, you are very naughty.
696
2823498
2485
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใŸใšใ‚‰ใฃๅญใงใ™ใ€‚
47:05
We will see some young people, you say, because you weren't here
697
2825983
3304
่‹ฅใ„ไบบใŸใกใซไผšใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰
47:09
yesterday, you didn't see what we were talking about.
698
2829287
3086
ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใจใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:12
We had a very long conversation about prejudice and ageism.
699
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4354
็งใŸใกใฏๅ่ฆ‹ใจๅนด้ฝขๅทฎๅˆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
47:16
How how younger people how have a negative
700
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4171
่‹ฅใ„ไบบใŸใกใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆๅนดไธŠใฎไบบใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช
47:21
point of view or a negative way of looking at people who are older.
701
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4071
่ฆ–็‚น ใ‚„ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่ฆ‹ๆ–นใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€‚
47:25
But I think it works the other way round as well.
702
2845603
2803
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้€†ใซใ‚‚ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:28
But yeah, yes, it can happen, but I think it's a great
703
2848406
3053
ใงใ‚‚ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„
47:31
excuse and it's a great way
704
2851525
2937
่จ€ใ„่จณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
47:35
of having fun because you can have fun in every age.
705
2855930
2936
ใฉใฎๅนด้ฝขใงใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆฅฝใ—ใฟๆ–นใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:38
You are never too old to have fun.
706
2858866
4204
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใฎใซๅนดใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
47:43
Now also mentioning Can I say thank you to Louis?
707
2863337
3537
ไปŠใ€ใƒซใ‚คใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
47:47
Can I say thank you, Louis Monday
708
2867691
3003
ใƒซใ‚คใƒปใƒžใƒณใƒ‡ใƒผใ€
47:51
for your letter that you wrote, your email message that you send?
709
2871295
4721
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ›ธใ„ใŸๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚„ ้€ใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸ้›ปๅญใƒกใƒผใƒซใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ‚’ไผใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
47:56
Very nice. And I do agree with the things you said.
710
2876033
3020
้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:59
And it is interesting when you look back on your childhood
711
2879753
3003
ใใ—ใฆใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅญไพ›ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใจใ€
48:03
how certain things resonate
712
2883374
3003
็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ…ฑ้ณดใ—ใŸใ‚Š
48:06
or they stay with you through your life.
713
2886710
2853
ใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆๅฟƒใซๆฎ‹ใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
48:09
So thank you, Louis, for that, for that message that you sent
714
2889563
3086
ใƒซใ‚คใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ้€ใฃใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใซ
48:13
as well.
715
2893667
901
ใ‚‚ๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
48:14
Very, very nice today.
716
2894568
2970
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
48:17
Steve, we are looking at ways of using words.
717
2897538
3003
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
48:20
And as I often say and I say it
718
2900874
3687
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ—ใ€้ ป็นใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
48:24
very often, there is only one English language,
719
2904561
4071
่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:28
only one English language,
720
2908916
2986
่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:32
that is the root language and everything else that comes off.
721
2912002
4922
ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒซใƒผใƒˆ่จ€่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใใฎไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆดพ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
48:36
It is a variation of that one language.
722
2916924
4521
ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎ 1 ใคใฎ่จ€่ชžใฎใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
48:42
So maybe you are talking about things such as slang
723
2922229
3303
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚„ๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใชใฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
48:45
or maybe colloquialisms, which isn't easy to say.
724
2925949
4204
ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:51
So we are looking at that a little bit later on.
725
2931838
2870
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
48:54
Also, in a few moments, we are going to look at
726
2934708
3754
ใพใŸใ€ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
48:59
a certain type of behaviour
727
2939629
3003
ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใŒ
49:02
and it is something that's in the news again.
728
2942899
3354
ๅ†ใณใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใชใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
49:06
Steve, I don't know if you read about this, but
729
2946253
3003
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชญใ‚“ใ ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
49:09
there is at the moment a campaign
730
2949856
3003
็พๅœจใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช
49:13
to get lots and lots of different types of green energy
731
2953944
4554
็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒšใƒผใƒณใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅ›ฝใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใฎๆตทๆฒฟใ„ใ‚„็”ฐ่ˆŽใงใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒ
49:19
are being produced in certain parts of the country
732
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4454
็”Ÿ็”ฃใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
49:24
by the sea and also in the countryside.
733
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ใ€‚
49:27
However, the only problem is many of these types of
734
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎ
49:31
of energy production often involve
735
2971795
3653
ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ็”Ÿ็”ฃใฎๅคšใใฏใ€้€šๅธธใ€้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใชใฉใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ
49:36
a lot of space or many areas being taken up
736
2976116
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ๅ ๆœ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใ‚„ๅคšใใฎใ‚จใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
49:40
normally by things such as wind farms.
737
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ใ€‚
49:43
So those big things that turn around in the wind,
738
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้ขจใงๅ›ž่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€
49:47
normally there are maybe two or three
739
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้€šๅธธใฏ 2 ใคใ‹ 3 ใคใ€
49:50
or maybe there are many, many wind
740
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4905
ใพใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ้ขจๅŠ›
49:55
turbines lined up next to each other.
741
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3537
ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใŒ้šฃใ‚Šๅˆใฃใฆไธฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:59
But there is a kind of cause
742
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2986
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
50:03
that we often talk about, and this is a very British thing
743
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4587
็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคง็พฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่‹ฑๅ›ฝ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
50:07
and soon as it comes on the screen, Steve, I think you will recognise it.
744
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ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใซๆ˜ ใ‚‹ใจใ™ใใซใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
50:12
Here it is.
745
3012051
1552
ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:13
What is a NIMBY?
746
3013603
3520
ใƒ‹ใƒณใƒ“ใƒผใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:18
NIMBY, NIMBY, Yes.
747
3018207
1919
ใƒ‹ใƒณใƒ“ใƒผใ€ใƒ‹ใƒณใƒ“ใƒผใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚
50:20
And I am BE
748
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3086
ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏBEใงใ™
50:23
Why is it what would you call an Akron?
749
3023446
3270
ใชใœใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒญใƒณใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:26
Akron.
750
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1751
ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒญใƒณใ€‚
50:28
Go on. You tell me. Mr. Duncan.
751
3028467
1585
็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ•™ใˆใฆใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:30
Yes, it is. It's a type of an acronym.
752
3030052
2453
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็•ฅ่ชžใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
50:32
An acronym are the initials
753
3032505
3303
้ ญๅญ—่ชžใฏใ€
50:35
of something that form another word. Yes.
754
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4922
ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้ ญๆ–‡ๅญ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
50:40
So this particular thing, NIMBY, actually has a meaning.
755
3040730
4654
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€NIMBY ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใฏ ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
50:45
And the meaning is not in my backyard.
756
3045684
5005
ใใ—ใฆใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ็งใฎ่ฃๅบญใซใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:52
This is a way of showing that you disagree
757
3052041
3036
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
50:55
with something that is going to be built near to where you live.
758
3055227
4038
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅปบ่จญใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
50:59
So maybe you live in the countryside like we do,
759
3059715
3003
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚็งใŸใกใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็”ฐ่ˆŽใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆใ€
51:03
and maybe someone wants to build
760
3063135
2953
่ชฐใ‹ใŒ
51:06
maybe a large factory or maybe something large
761
3066088
4037
ๅคง่ฆๆจกใชๅทฅๅ ดใ‚„ใ€
51:10
that will take up a lot of the space, like a wind farm, as you say.
762
3070459
3804
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ€ๅคšใใฎใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅปบใฆใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:14
A wind farm. And
763
3074663
2369
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
51:18
people object
764
3078117
1284
ไบบใ€…ใฏ
51:19
to it and they say that they don't want it nearby.
765
3079401
3203
ใใ‚Œใซๅๅฏพใ—ใ€่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใใŸใใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:23
And we often describe those types of people who object
766
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3620
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ NIMBY ใจ่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™
51:27
as NIMBYs.
767
3087292
2369
ใ€‚
51:29
They are people who will often say, not in my back yard.
768
3089661
4772
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ็งใฎ่ฃๅบญใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ†ไบบใŸใกใงใ™ใ€‚
51:34
Yes, they believe in the thing
769
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
51:40
that should be built like a wind farm.
770
3100189
2736
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ในใใ ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:42
yes, we must have green energy.
771
3102925
2152
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
51:45
This is the problem with the NIMBYs
772
3105077
3003
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใƒ‹ใƒณใƒ“ใƒผใฎๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
51:48
is that they want something to happen,
773
3108447
2969
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
51:51
but they don't want it to happen near where they live. Yes.
774
3111416
3537
ใŒใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใฎไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
51:55
So for example, are often described as NIMBYs
775
3115303
3637
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณ
51:59
or wealthy middle class people,
776
3119307
3270
52:03
because if we just take the example that you mentioned, Mr.
777
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3537
ๆฐใŒ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸ
52:06
Duncan, of the wind farm.
778
3126832
2002
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ NIMBY ใ‚„่ฃ•็ฆใชไธญๆต้šŽ็ดšใฎไบบใ€…ใจใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
52:08
Well, the wind farm, of course, a lot of politicians will say, well,
779
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4371
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ ๅคšใใฎๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใฏใ€
52:13
we must have wind farms, we must have green energy, but they won't have it near where they live.
780
3133305
5922
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใฎไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จญ็ฝฎใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:19
So not in my backyard means not near where I live.
781
3139227
4671
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ฃๅบญใซใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€็งใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
52:24
And so they will often push for it.
782
3144532
2970
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŽจ้€ฒใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
52:27
Green energy.
783
3147502
801
ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ€‚
52:28
We must green energy, but no, I don't want it near me.
784
3148303
3003
็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
52:31
Or housing, for example.
785
3151573
2285
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏไฝๅฎ…ใชใฉใ€‚
52:33
A new housing estate, because supposedly we don't have enough houses in this country
786
3153858
5189
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใซใฏๅๅˆ†ใชไฝๅฎ…
52:39
or new builds of houses.
787
3159297
2836
ใ‚„ๆ–ฐ็ฏ‰ใฎไฝๅฎ…ใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไฝๅฎ…ๅ›ฃๅœฐใงใ™ใ€‚
52:42
But of course politicians will often build them in places
788
3162133
4204
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใฏ็ท‘ๅœฐๅธฏใ‚„่พฒๅœฐใชใฉใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงใฏใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
52:46
that are not near them, like in green belt or in farmland.
789
3166337
5189
ใ€‚
52:51
And people said, Well, I don't want that new town near,
790
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2719
ใใ—ใฆไบบใ€…ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็”บใซใฏ่ฟ‘ใฅใใŸใใชใ„ใ€
52:54
you know, I think we should have more houses.
791
3174612
3370
ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅฎถใ‚’ๅปบใฆใ‚‹ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€
52:57
But no, don't have don't have it near me.
792
3177982
1986
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
52:59
So it's a form of sort of what's the word I'm looking for, Mr.
793
3179968
3870
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ็งใŒๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€
53:03
Duncan.
794
3183838
284
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
53:04
It's hypocrisy that NIMBYs are really hypocrites in a way, because quite they want it.
795
3184122
6072
NIMBY ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝๅ–„่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณๅฝๅ–„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:10
They want it, but they don't want it near them.
796
3190228
1768
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใใŸใใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
53:11
Yes, that's it.
797
3191996
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:13
So I think this is a very interesting human behaviour
798
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
53:19
where a person wants something but they don't want it near them.
799
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ไบบใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใใŸใใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ€้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ไบบ้–“ใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:25
I suppose you might say the same thing about another big subject,
800
3205343
4171
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎๅคงใใชใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
53:29
the migrant crisis that we are having.
801
3209514
3002
็งใŸใกใŒ็›ด้ขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็งปๆฐ‘ๅฑๆฉŸใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:32
Well, not just here, but across Europe as well, where lots of people are coming into the country.
802
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ใ“ใ“ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ๅ…จๅœŸใงใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ€ ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใซๅ…ฅๅ›ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:37
But there are places where people can be put whilst
803
3217455
3870
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฑ…ไฝ็”ณ่ซ‹ใŒๅ‡ฆ็†ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅŽๅฎนใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
53:41
their application for residency is processed.
804
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ใ€‚
53:46
But no one wants to have
805
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3003
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
53:49
migrant camps or places near to them,
806
3229583
3304
53:53
even though they will stand up and say those things have to exist.
807
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3921
ใŸใจใˆๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจไธปๅผตใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็งปๆฐ‘ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚„็งปๆฐ‘ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใŒ่ฟ‘ใใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚€ไบบใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:57
Yeah.
808
3237591
301
53:57
Or or stand up for the rights of migrants.
809
3237892
3620
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€็งปๆฐ‘ใฎๆจฉๅˆฉใ‚’ๆ“่ญทใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:01
There is, there is a lot of hypocrisy.
810
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2202
ๅฝๅ–„ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:03
But then if you wanted to build a migrant camp
811
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3003
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
54:07
near where they live, they would suddenly object.
812
3247251
2586
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซ็งปๆฐ‘ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ‚’ๅปบใฆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็ช็„ถๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
54:09
And of course this is this is hypocrisy.
813
3249837
4321
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝๅ–„ใงใ™ใ€‚
54:14
Politicians often they are often
814
3254208
3386
ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใฏ
54:17
accused of being hypocrites because they will say that something must happen,
815
3257594
5639
ๅฝๅ–„่€…ใ ใจ้ž้›ฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
54:23
but they don't want to have that thing near them or the people they represent.
816
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4989
ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ† ใ‚„ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไปฃ่กจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
54:28
But they want it somewhere but not near them.
817
3268522
2853
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟ‘ใใงใฏใชใใฉใ“ใ‹ใซๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:31
So that is what we mean when we say NIMBY.
818
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3804
็งใŸใกใŒNIMBYใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
54:35
We are talking about a person
819
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2736
็งใŸใกใฏใ€
54:38
who objects to something being placed nearby.
820
3278365
3537
่ฟ‘ใใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:42
I'm about to cough my head off.
821
3282986
1819
ๅ’ณใ่พผใฟใใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ€‚
54:44
Yes, it's another example, and this is quite common.
822
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
54:48
You know, a religious group want to want to build
823
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4354
ๅฎ—ๆ•™ๅ›ฃไฝ“ใฏใ€
54:52
a place for them to go and worship in.
824
3292462
4355
่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใŒ่กŒใฃใฆ็คผๆ‹ใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:57
And, you know, people say, no, yes, you must.
825
3297884
3187
ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:01
You must have your place of worship.
826
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2636
ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็คผๆ‹ใฎๅ ดใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:03
And then they decide they want to build it in this particular place.
827
3303707
2552
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅปบใฆใŸใ„ใจๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
55:06
And certainly the people that were on their side said, well, fine, you can have your place.
828
3306259
4088
ใใ—ใฆ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅดใซใ„ใŸไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ ใพใ‚ใ€ๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
55:10
Well, I don't want it here.
829
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1368
ใพใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใฏ่ฆใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:11
And then they will put up
830
3311715
3003
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
55:14
their will.
831
3314868
484
่‡ชใ‚‰ใฎๆ„ๅฟ—ใ‚’่กจๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
55:15
They will object to planning applications and things like that.
832
3315352
3236
ไผ็”ป็”ณ่ซ‹ใชใฉใซใฏๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
55:19
And we see that a lot around here.
833
3319072
1735
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใงใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:20
Somebody wants to sell their land and we'll have an extension
834
3320807
4838
่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅœŸๅœฐใ‚’ๅฃฒใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅข—็ฏ‰
55:25
or something like that and and people will object to it.
835
3325645
3737
ใ‹ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ใใ—ใฆไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใซๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
55:29
But yeah, the NIMBY is basically a hypocrite.
836
3329683
3336
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€NIMBYใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅฝๅ–„่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
55:33
But then on the other hand, if, for example, I mean, I mean, just take myself as an example, okay?
837
3333019
5622
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใฎไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ไพ‹ใซๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
55:38
You know, I believe in, you know, we should be having more green energy.
838
3338758
4521
ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅข—ใ‚„ใ™ในใใ ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:43
We should be putting up more wind farms.
839
3343279
3838
ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ในใใ ใ€‚
55:47
But if somebody said, right, fine,
840
3347117
3003
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œใใ†ใ ใญใ€ใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€
55:50
there's a nice big space at the back of your house.
841
3350303
3003
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใฎ่ฃๆ‰‹ใซใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅบƒใ„ใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
55:53
There's acres of field and the farmer's going to sell it, and this energy company
842
3353356
4655
ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚จใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚‚ใฎ็•‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่พฒๅฎถใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฃฒใ‚Šใซๅ‡บใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผไผš็คพใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใฆใ€
55:58
is going to come along and put up a wind farm 100,
843
3358011
3570
56:02
you know, miles, 100 yards from your house.
844
3362148
2519
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใ‹ใ‚‰100ใƒžใ‚คใƒซใ€100ใƒคใƒผใƒ‰้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใซ้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ‚’ๅปบใฆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
56:04
I would object because actually in the example of the wind farm, I don't think they should be onshore
845
3364667
5973
็งใŒๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฎไพ‹ใง่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใจใซใ‹ใ้™ธไธŠใซ่จญ็ฝฎใ™ในใใงใฏใชใใ€ใจใซใ‹ใๆด‹ไธŠใซ่จญ็ฝฎใ™ในใใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:10
anyway, offshore this anyway, this is a that's a different debate altogether.
846
3370974
3920
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅ…จใๅˆฅใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
56:14
This is this is not what we're talking about.
847
3374894
2319
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:17
I know it's a bit, but you can see how it could easily Yes.
848
3377213
3871
ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ ใจใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
56:21
How you could be thought as a hypocrite in in cases like that.
849
3381384
4705
ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๅˆใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆๅฝๅ–„่€…ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
56:26
So, yes, it happens all the time.
850
3386089
1685
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
56:27
People are very good at giving advice, but they're not very good at taking their own advice.
851
3387774
5088
ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅพ—ๆ„ใงใ™ ใŒใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๅพ—ๆ„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:33
And that is a human thing.
852
3393296
2002
ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏไบบ้–“ใฎใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
56:35
So I think when people say not in my backyard,
853
3395298
3003
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ็งใฎ่ฃๅบญใซใฏใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€
56:38
they are often being a little hypocritical.
854
3398684
3571
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฝๅ–„็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
56:42
You to be honest with you.
855
3402505
1284
ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€‚
56:43
I'm going to break all of the conventions
856
3403789
3420
็งใฏ
56:47
of what we've just been talking about because I quite like wind farms.
857
3407810
6990
้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใŸใ“ใจใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ…ฃไพ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใก็ ดใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
56:55
Hey, I don't know why whenever I see one, if you're driving in the car and you go by
858
3415468
5355
ใญใˆใ€็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใณใซใ€ใชใœใ ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้€šใ‚Š้ŽใŽใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
57:00
and all those little things are waving to you
859
3420823
3720
ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฐใ•ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒไธ˜ใฎไธŠใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใพใ‚‹ใง
57:04
from the top of the hill, it's like it's like lots of little hands
860
3424794
4437
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๆ‰‹ใŒๆ‰‹ใ‚’
57:09
waving, saying hello,
861
3429682
2602
ๆŒฏใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ ใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€
57:12
we are providing some lovely clean energy for you. Yes.
862
3432284
4588
็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
57:16
But then waving to you.
863
3436872
2169
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
57:19
It's quite nice, Mr. Duncan. They are very noisy.
864
3439041
2836
ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้จ’ใŒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:21
As someone told me the other day, that they work near a factory
865
3441877
4805
ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅทฅๅ ดใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใฆ
57:27
and this factory put up a quite a big
866
3447316
2853
ใ€ใ“ใฎๅทฅๅ ดใฏ
57:31
not as big
867
3451670
634
57:32
as the ones you see on the commercial scale for for, for energy production.
868
3452304
3771
ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ็”Ÿ็”ฃใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ•†ๆฅญ่ฆๆจกใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใปใฉใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคงใใชๅทฅๅ ดใ‚’ๅปบใฆใŸใจใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
57:36
But this company put up a big
869
3456075
3269
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎไผš็คพใฏใ€ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒญใƒšใƒฉใจใ„ใ†ๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
57:42
what you call it, propeller. No.
870
3462915
1768
ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
57:44
What's the word I'm looking for? A turbine?
871
3464683
1952
็งใŒๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ“ใƒณ๏ผŸ
57:46
Yes, a wind turbine.
872
3466635
1818
ใใ†ใ€้ขจๅŠ›ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
57:48
A a on the back of their factory to generate power.
873
3468453
5506
ๅทฅๅ ดใฎ่ฃๅดใซ่จญ็ฝฎใ—ใฆ็™บ้›ปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:54
And apparently when it's windy, it's almost all you can hear is the drone from this.
874
3474476
5005
ใใ—ใฆใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰้ขจใŒๅผทใ„ใจใใฏใ€ ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใƒ‰ใƒญใƒผใƒณใฎ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฟกใ˜
57:59
It's incredibly noisy and everyone's objected nearby and they've had I think they've taken it down.
875
3479481
5639
ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใปใฉใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใใงใฟใ‚“ใชใŒๅๅฏพใ—ใฆใ€ ๆ’คๅŽปใ—ใŸใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:05
They had to take it down. And that was just one.
876
3485420
3003
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้™ใ‚ใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ไธ€ใคใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
58:08
So I think they are extremely noisy.
877
3488457
1935
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€้žๅธธใซใ†ใ‚‹ใ•ใ„ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:10
And, you know, this is very controversial, the fact that we're a small country anyway,
878
3490392
5956
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็‰ฉ่ญฐใ‚’้†ธใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒใจใซใ‹ใๅฐใ•ใชๅ›ฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€
58:16
and then they put them on the nice hillside.
879
3496882
3203
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ˜ใฎไธญ่…นใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใŸใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
58:20
Imagine, Beatrice is a lovely hillside.
880
3500085
3153
ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„ไธ˜ใฎไธญ่…นใงใ™ใ€‚
58:23
They're covered in wind, covered in wind turbines.
881
3503238
3687
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ขจใซ่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚Œใ€้ขจๅŠ›ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใง่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:26
It would ruin the outlook. Well, who knows?
882
3506925
2903
ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹้€šใ—ใ‚’ๅฐ็„กใ—ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€่ชฐใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
58:29
That might happen because Argentina now
883
3509828
3553
ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ผใƒณใƒใƒณใŒ็พๅœจใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ“ใจใซๆ–นๅ‘ๆ€งใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
58:33
has has changed its direction with many different things.
884
3513682
3903
ใ€‚
58:38
Maybe the green agenda
885
3518086
3186
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ผใƒณใƒใƒณใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹็ท‘ใฎๆ”ฟ็ญ–ใฏใ€
58:41
in Argentina might go in one way or the other.
886
3521389
3187
ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใซ้€ฒใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:44
Now, they they have a new a new president there.
887
3524576
3420
ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:48
So I'm not sure what his opinion is of of green energy.
888
3528046
3754
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆๅฝผใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:52
But but it all depends.
889
3532317
2369
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ็Šถๆณๆฌก็ฌฌใงใ™ใ€‚
58:54
You see, it all depends on the locality and also the attitude.
890
3534686
5088
ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ™ในใฆใฏๅœฐๅŸŸๆ€งใจ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
59:00
But I think in this country, people are they're not sure
891
3540024
3304
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
59:03
if they want green energy or not because I suppose
892
3543328
5805
ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ฟทใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
59:09
if there is no alternative, you would have to have it.
893
3549133
3571
ไปฃๆ›ฟๆ‰‹ๆฎตใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใŸใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
59:13
And I think wind production is well,
894
3553154
3337
ใใ—ใฆใ€้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:16
wind, electricity or electricity produced from wind is probably
895
3556491
5071
้ขจๅŠ›ใ€้›ปๆฐ—ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้ขจๅŠ›ใ‹ใ‚‰็”Ÿๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹้›ปๆฐ—ใฏใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
59:21
the one that is the most popular, but it's also one of the most wasteful,
896
3561562
5789
ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚็„ก้ง„ใฎๅคšใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 1 ใคใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
59:28
because when you build one of those wind turbines,
897
3568302
4021
ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€้ขจๅŠ›ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
59:32
it uses all sorts of different energy to construct
898
3572957
3687
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
59:37
and did you know the large blades,
899
3577044
2636
ๅคงใใชใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใƒ‰ใ€
59:39
those big things that stick out and go round?
900
3579680
3003
็ชใๅ‡บใฆๅ›ž่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹? ไธ€ๅฎš
59:42
They only last for a certain amount of time
901
3582917
3003
ๆœŸ้–“ใ—ใ‹ๆŒ็ถšใ—ใชใ„ใŸใ‚
59:46
and then they have to be disposed of
902
3586137
2519
ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใฏๅปƒๆฃ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
59:48
and they can't be reused.
903
3588656
2269
ๅ†ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
59:50
So it is strange how that particular type of of energy production
904
3590925
4421
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กž ใฎใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ็”Ÿ็”ฃใŒ
59:55
is actually quite wasteful in a strange way.
905
3595663
5372
ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชๅฝขใง้žๅธธใซ็„ก้ง„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚
60:01
I, I don't know in the full term of its life
906
3601452
4388
60:07
whether how the how the equation would work out there.
907
3607258
4554
ใ“ใฎๆ–น็จ‹ๅผใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆˆใ‚Š็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ€ใใฎ็”Ÿๆถฏใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
60:12
Well, there is there are pictures that have been produced on on the
908
3612079
3303
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ข ไธŠใซไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ†™็œŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
60:15
on social media showing these large areas where all of these
909
3615683
3987
60:19
these old blades are all piled up and they can't do anything with them.
910
3619670
5072
ๅคใ„ๅˆƒใŒใ™ในใฆ็ฉใฟ้‡ใชใฃใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใงใใชใ„ๅบƒใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:24
I think they're made of glass fibre. Yes.
911
3624742
2369
ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚น็นŠ็ถญใงใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
60:27
And you can't you can't recycle.
912
3627111
1651
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
60:28
I think they're very difficult to recycle.
913
3628762
1552
ใƒชใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒซใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:30
So, yes, obviously it's a bit like nuclear power, isn't it?
914
3630314
3186
ใฏใ„ใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
60:33
There's always some waste somewhere that's difficult to get rid of. Yes.
915
3633767
3187
ๅธธใซใฉใ“ใ‹ใซใ€ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„่€ๅปƒ็‰ฉใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
60:37
Whereas with this is the same with coal.
916
3637021
3169
ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿณ็‚ญใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
60:40
Gas, of course, is is very clean.
917
3640524
2102
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚ฌใ‚นใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
60:42
You build your gas plant and then all you've all you've got is gas going in.
918
3642626
4922
ใ‚ฌใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฉใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ใ‚ใจใฏใ‚ฌใ‚นใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
60:47
I mean, obviously it's producing CO2.
919
3647965
3003
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ CO2 ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:51
but yes, I mean they're very they are relatively cheap to produce.
920
3651034
4688
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆฏ”่ผƒ็š„ๅฎ‰ไพกใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
60:55
That's why it's become popular.
921
3655722
1802
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
60:57
And in this country we've got lots of wind.
922
3657524
3003
ใใ—ใฆใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใซใฏ้ขจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅนใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:01
Well, if we were closer to
923
3661094
3120
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€
61:04
I mean, if we were living in, say, Portugal,
924
3664398
3003
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
61:07
then I would imagine that solar power
925
3667434
2903
ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใฏไปฃๆ›ฟใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’็”Ÿ็”ฃใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธ
61:10
is going to be a very popular
926
3670337
3003
ใซไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใชใ‚Š
61:13
way of producing alternative energy
927
3673423
3003
61:17
and solar panels last sort of 25 years.
928
3677210
3270
ใ€ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒฉใƒผใƒ‘ใƒใƒซใฏ25ๅนดใฏ็ถšใใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:20
Well, that's the interesting part that we can't because we don't we don't have enough sun
929
3680814
3470
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคช้™ฝใŒ่ถณใ‚Šใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใใชใ„ใฎใงใ™
61:24
That's the interesting thing. I think solar
930
3684651
2669
ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใฏใ‚‚ใ†
61:28
has has been around for so many years.
931
3688522
2335
ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ™ฎๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:30
I remember now when I was young, when I was in my early teens,
932
3690857
5856
ไปŠๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใŒ่‹ฅใ‹ใฃใŸ้ ƒใ€ 10ไปฃๅ‰ๅŠใฎ้ ƒใ€
61:36
maybe at the beginning of the 1980s, solar power
933
3696713
5038
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ1980ๅนดไปฃๅˆ้ ญ้ ƒใ€ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใฏ
61:42
did exist and there were there were types of solar power,
934
3702836
4554
ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
61:47
not not quite as extravagant
935
3707624
3003
61:50
as the ones that exist now, but it did exist.
936
3710660
3003
็พๅœจๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใปใฉ่ด…ๆฒขใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใใ‚Œใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใŸใ€‚
61:54
Solar powered cars were always
937
3714147
2869
ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใ‚’ๆญ่ผ‰ใ—ใŸ่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใฏๅธธใซ
61:57
seen as the thing of the future,
938
3717016
3003
ๆœชๆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
62:00
cars that you could just drive around
939
3720537
2719
้‹่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
62:03
and they would constantly charge themselves
940
3723256
3186
62:06
for from the sunlight or from just natural light.
941
3726926
3270
ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰ใพใŸใฏ่‡ช็„ถๅ…‰ใ ใ‘ใงๅธธใซๅ……้›ปใงใใ‚‹่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
62:10
But of course, in reality it's not quite the same.
942
3730196
3771
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅ…จใๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
62:13
But solar power I think is a good one.
943
3733967
1985
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:15
The other one, of course, is nuclear.
944
3735952
1985
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๆ ธใงใ™ใ€‚
62:17
You are right, Steve.
945
3737937
1485
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ†้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€‚
62:19
I still think it's a top of the list, so this is only my opinion.
946
3739422
4171
็งใฏใพใ ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใฎใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
62:23
But I think nuclear is still the best form and I think it's only a matter of time
947
3743593
4654
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›ใŒไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆๆœ€่‰ฏใฎๅฝขๆ…‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
62:28
before we all have our little nuclear reactor at the back of our houses.
948
3748247
4989
็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒๅฎถใฎ่ฃใซๅฐใ•ใชๅŽŸๅญ็‚‰ใ‚’็ฝฎใใฎใฏๆ™‚้–“ใฎๅ•้กŒใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
62:33
So that's what they're looking at now, isn't it?
949
3753770
1651
ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒไปŠๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
62:35
They're looking at these small these small scale nuclear reactors
950
3755421
5339
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€
62:41
that will be in local areas providing electricity.
951
3761294
3937
ๅœฐๆ–นใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฐๅž‹ใฎๅŽŸๅญ็‚‰ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:45
So I think that might be the way to go, despite the fact
952
3765615
3903
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
62:50
that if it goes wrong, well, it's not much fun.
953
3770653
4471
ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ‚ŒใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ข็™ฝใใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่กŒใในใๆ–นๆณ•ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:55
I know.
954
3775274
434
62:55
And if there's ever a war, you know what, one attack
955
3775708
4288
็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๆˆฆไบ‰ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
62:59
on a nuclear power plant and, you know, it's pretty much wiped out the country.
956
3779996
4170
ๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใธใฎๆ”ปๆ’ƒใŒไธ€ๅบฆใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅ›ฝใฏใปใผๅฃŠๆป…็Šถๆ…‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
63:04
But I do like the idea of having a small one.
957
3784166
2219
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏๅฐใ•ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใคใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
63:06
So maybe you could have one at home.
958
3786385
2152
ใชใฎใงใ€ๅฎถใซไธ€ๅฐใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใปใ‚“ใฎ
63:08
Just a tiny little nuclear reactor.
959
3788537
2887
ๅฐใ•ใชๅŽŸๅญ็‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
63:11
It's really small because they don't need to be large
960
3791424
3003
63:14
if it's just providing power for one house.
961
3794877
3954
ไธ€่ป’ใฎๅฎถใซ้›ปๅŠ›ใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใ‚‰ๅคงใใใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฐใ•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
63:19
So you could have this little reactor at the back of your house and it's just doing that
962
3799248
3420
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅŽŸๅญ็‚‰ใ‚’ ๅฎถใฎ่ฃใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
63:23
and it will last for for maybe 500 years or something like that.
963
3803085
3937
ใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 500 ๅนดใ‹ใใ“ใ‚‰ใฎ้–“ใฏ็ถšใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใšใฃใจ
63:27
It will just keep running and running and then you don't have to worry.
964
3807022
3354
่ตฐใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ€ ๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:30
Well, I mean, if they if they ever managed to
965
3810559
3037
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
63:33
to work out fusion power,
966
3813612
3637
ๆ ธ่žๅˆ็™บ้›ปใ‚’้–‹็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ
63:38
which they are getting making,
967
3818067
2385
ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€
63:40
I mean, they've been trying ever since I can remember, certainly in the seventies
968
3820452
3671
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒ ็‰ฉๅฟƒใคใ„ใŸ้ ƒใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซ็งใŒ็ง‘ๅญฆ็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใŸ70ๅนดไปฃใ‹ใ‚‰ใšใฃใจๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
63:44
when I used to watch science programmes, they thought they were going to crack nuclear fusion.
969
3824123
4921
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ ธ่žๅˆใ‚’่งฃใ“ใ†ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
63:49
Yes. As a source of power.
970
3829128
2585
ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ‘ใƒฏใƒผใฎๆบใจใ—ใฆใ€‚
63:51
And even now, they've they still really haven't made that much progress.
971
3831713
5389
ใใ—ใฆไปŠใงใ‚‚ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใ ใใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใช้€ฒๆญฉใ‚’้‚ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:57
They are making progress.
972
3837102
1602
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€ฒๆญฉใ‚’้‚ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:58
That's the ultimate.
973
3838704
1251
ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฉถๆฅตใงใ™ใ€‚
63:59
If we can crack that, then that that's free energy forever.
974
3839955
5622
ใใ‚Œใ‚’่งฃ่ชญใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฐธ้ ใซใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
64:06
And solar, wind and new and nuclear power stations that we have
975
3846094
5623
ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒ็พๅœจๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ€้ขจๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใ€ใใ—ใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฏใ€ๆœ€็ต‚็›ฎๆจ™ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
64:11
now will vanish if they have a crack fusion power that's the ultimate goal.
976
3851717
5255
ๆ ธ่žๅˆ็™บ้›ปใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐๆถˆๆป…ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
64:17
But is proving a very hard
977
3857022
3270
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็ฟ’ๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ๆŠ€่ก“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ่จผๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
64:20
technology to to to master.
978
3860776
3270
ใ€‚
64:24
We still seem to be a long way from having a mr.
979
3864046
2919
ใƒŸใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใ‚‹ใซใฏใพใ ้ ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
64:26
Fusion in the back of our car.
980
3866965
2452
็งใŸใกใฎ่ปŠใฎๅพŒ้ƒจใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ€‚
64:29
Well, people seem to think that we are getting very close to that.
981
3869417
3087
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ ็งใŸใกใŒใใ‚Œใซ้žๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
64:32
We are starting to get very close to it.
982
3872587
3103
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใซ้žๅธธใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:35
But that will be cheap and less energy forever.
983
3875690
4588
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆฐธ้ ใซๅฎ‰ใใฆใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใชใใฆๆธˆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
64:40
And we will we will do that.
984
3880278
1735
ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:42
Yes, One day we will we will work out how to do it
985
3882013
3270
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ„ใคใ‹ใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ๅ‡บใ—
64:45
and then all our power problems will be solved.
986
3885717
3353
ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐ้›ปๅŠ›ๅ•้กŒใฏใ™ในใฆ่งฃๆฑบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
64:49
Not in our lifetime, though.
987
3889154
2052
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ†
64:51
I think we will.
988
3891206
801
ใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ ธ
64:52
I think we could well see fusion power. I disagree.
989
3892007
3119
่žๅˆ็™บ้›ปใ‚‚ๅๅˆ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:55
I couldn't disagree with you more, Steve. I really don't.
990
3895126
3003
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใซใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠๅŒๆ„ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:58
I don't agree with that.
991
3898279
1085
็งใฏใใ‚ŒใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒ
64:59
I don't think we're going to see it in our lifetime because we've got we're too mixed up now
992
3899364
4354
็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏไปŠใ€
65:04
in all of this mess of going electric
993
3904135
3137
้›ปๆฐ—ใŒๆ™ฎๅŠใ—
65:07
and everything being plugged in to the electric supply.
994
3907789
3487
ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒ้›ปๆบใซๆŽฅ็ถšใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใฎๆททไนฑใฎไธญใซใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
65:11
I think all of that has slowed down the progress quite a lot.
995
3911276
4554
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใŒ้€ฒๆญฉใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้…ใ‚‰ใ›ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
65:16
We need to we need to push forward and get those nuclear
996
3916281
3336
็งใŸใกใฏ ๅ‰ใซ้€ฒใ‚ใฆๅŽŸๅญ
65:19
reactors installed and under the the kitchen sink
997
3919617
4705
็‚‰ใ‚’่จญ็ฝฎใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใฎใ‚ทใƒณใ‚ฏใฎไธ‹ใ€
65:24
or maybe at the back of the house, you just have this little glowing green box.
998
3924822
5105
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฎถใฎ่ฃๆ‰‹ใซใ€ ็ท‘่‰ฒใซๅ…‰ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใช็ฎฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
65:32
I like that.
999
3932146
2169
็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
65:34
Lewis makes a good point.
1000
3934315
1018
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
65:35
But Lewis is saying that Portugal now has 40%
1001
3935333
3003
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นๆฐใฏใ€ใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซใฏ็พๅœจใ€
65:38
of its energy comes from renewables.
1002
3938686
3003
ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใฎ40๏ผ…ใŒๅ†็”Ÿๅฏ่ƒฝใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
65:41
So that's probably a mixture of
1003
3941722
2753
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
65:44
solar and wind, I would think.
1004
3944475
2853
ๅคช้™ฝๅ…‰ใจ้ขจๅŠ›ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
65:47
I don't know.
1005
3947328
667
65:47
I mean, in this country now, I think we're up to 27%, something like that.
1006
3947995
4972
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏไปŠใ€ๆœ€ๅคง 27% ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
65:53
Huge strides are being made,
1007
3953734
3053
ๅคงใใช้€ฒๆญฉใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™
65:57
but at the same time, energy consumption is going up all time as well.
1008
3957104
4955
ใŒใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ ๆถˆ่ฒปใ‚‚ๅธธใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:02
So we're only really keeping pace with the annual increase in demand for energy
1009
3962576
5122
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใจใซใ‹ใๅข—ใˆ็ถšใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผ้œ€่ฆใฎๆฏŽๅนดใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฏพๅฟœใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ™
66:08
that is ever going up anyway.
1010
3968299
3003
ใ€‚
66:11
I mean, we don't I don't think we have any coal fired power stations anymore,
1011
3971869
3537
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใซใฏ็Ÿณ็‚ญ็ซๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:15
certainly predominantly with gas in this country, which is obviously giving off CO2.
1012
3975806
4638
็ขบใ‹ใซใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏไธปใซใ‚ฌใ‚นใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด ใ‚’ๆŽ’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:20
And we have started the manufacture of new nuclear power plants.
1013
3980778
5589
ใใ—ใฆ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใฎ่ฃฝ้€ ใ‚‚้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
66:26
That's definitely going ahead now. Yes.
1014
3986367
2118
ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠ็ขบๅฎŸใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
66:28
But it's going to be a mixture, certainly, as you're probably right, Mr.
1015
3988485
4121
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆททๅˆ็‰ฉใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹ใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
66:32
Duncan, in our lifetimes, we probably won't see fusion
1016
3992606
3737
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซๆ ธ่žๅˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ—ใ€
66:36
or we may see the early stages of it.
1017
3996627
3120
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใฎๅˆๆœŸๆฎต้šŽใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅซใ‚ใ‚‹
66:41
It's rather like the space race as well with all of that,
1018
4001248
3353
ใจใ€ใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ๅฎ‡ๅฎ™็ซถไบ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
66:44
because we were all going to take a trip to Mars
1019
4004601
3654
ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใŒ็ซๆ˜Ÿใธๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใฃใŸใฎใซ
66:48
and now suddenly we're only going as far as the moon
1020
4008622
3771
ใ€ไปŠใงใฏ็ช็„ถใ€ๆœˆใพใงใ—ใ‹่กŒใ‹ใชใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
66:52
because we realised that Mars is still too far away, still hard to get to.
1021
4012643
4554
็ซๆ˜Ÿใฏใพใ  ้ ใ™ใŽใฆใ€ใพใ ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚
66:57
We're still concentrating on that.
1022
4017748
2386
็งใŸใกใฏใพใ ใใ‚Œใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:00
But now we've realised that we can go to the moon instead and have a look around there.
1023
4020134
4421
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๆœˆใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ“ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆๅ›žใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ
67:05
Much easier to get to.
1024
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็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
67:07
But yes, the point is this today
1025
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ้‡่ฆใชใฎใฏใ€
67:10
was a lot of people don't like having things nearby,
1026
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ€ใŸใจใˆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰ฉใฎๆฉๆตใ‚’ไบซๅ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€่ฟ‘ใใซ็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใพใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
67:14
even though they want to enjoy the benefit of those things.
1027
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ใ€‚
67:19
So that was the point we were making with NIMBY.
1028
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒNIMBYใงไธปๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
67:23
And there's another example a nuclear power plant.
1029
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎไพ‹ใฏๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:26
So, you know, a government says we need
1030
4046326
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅŽŸๅญๅŠ›็™บ้›ปๆ‰€ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
67:29
for new nuclear power plants, something which I think is what we do need.
1031
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ใ€ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†
67:33
That's that's enough, Steve, of that because we're running out of time.
1032
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ๅๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใ‚‚ใ† ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€‚
67:36
Yeah, but if somebody was the only point I was making correctly was if somebody
1033
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ใใ†ใ ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ‚‚ใ—่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆญฃใ—ใไธปๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใŸๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎ่ซ–็‚นใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
67:39
if then the government decided to build it a mile of the road from you.
1034
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ๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰1ใƒžใ‚คใƒซใ‚‚้›ขใ‚ŒใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅปบ่จญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฑบๅฎšใ—ใŸใ‚“ใ  ใ€‚
67:42
Yeah. You'd probably be checked.
1035
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1952
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆคœๆŸปใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
67:44
Well, yes, of course.
1036
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:46
Because you might agree that we need them, but you don't want them near you.
1037
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3137
ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซ็ฝฎใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†
67:49
So you're a NIMBY that says.
1038
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ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏNIMBYใงใ™ใ€‚
67:51
Well, that's, that's what I mean.
1039
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:53
It will always happen.
1040
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…ใš่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
67:54
There will always be people objecting to something nearby.
1041
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่ฟ‘ใใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏๅธธใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:58
And quite often it is a thing that is very useful or can help.
1042
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
68:02
A lot of people anyway, can become an environment we are looking at.
1043
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ใจใซใ‹ใๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็’ฐๅขƒใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
68:05
Colloquialism.
1044
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ๅฃ่ชžไธป็พฉใ€‚
68:07
I wonder
1045
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334
68:08
how many times you would say how many times can you say that word?
1046
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ไฝ•ๅ›ž่จ€ใˆใฐ ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใช๏ผŸ
68:11
Colloquialism, colloquialism, colloquialism.
1047
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ๅฃ่ชžใ€ๅฃ่ชžใ€ๅฃ่ชžใ€‚
68:15
It's a very difficult word to pronounce.
1048
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็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใจใฆใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
68:17
It's not easy to say even for native English
1049
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
68:20
speakers, we know luckily it was okay.
1050
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ๅนธใ„ใซใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
68:23
So I'm just trying to say it to show how difficult it is.
1051
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
68:26
Yes, but it is Well, I'm sure I'm you will give us plenty of examples over the next few minutes,
1052
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ•ฐๅˆ†้–“ใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ€
68:32
as I will as well.
1053
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็งใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:34
All of that coming up in a moment.
1054
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใŒใ™ใใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
68:35
We are looking at the ways of using English, informal English, you might say,
1055
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ ใคใพใ‚Š้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใ€
68:41
and the way in which English can be changed depending
1056
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ใใ—ใฆๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
68:44
on your location.
1057
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1935
ใ€‚
69:36
English addict is with you today.
1058
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใ€‚
69:40
I hope you are having a good day
1059
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1952
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—
69:43
and everything is going your way.
1060
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ใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:46
Mr Steve is here
1061
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€
69:47
we are talking all about ways
1062
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3570
69:51
of using English colloquialisms.
1063
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:55
It is not an easy thing to say.
1064
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่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
69:58
It is a little difficult to say, in fact, but
1065
4198944
3170
ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€
70:02
it is a very common part of any language, in fact.
1066
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎ่จ€่ชžใซใ‚‚้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
70:07
So I'm sure they exist in all languages, different
1067
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹่จ€่ชžใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช้žๅ…ฌๅผใพใŸใฏไฟ—่ชžใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
70:11
informal or slang terms.
1068
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ใ€‚
70:14
They exist not only in English, but also other languages as well.
1069
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใ‘ใง ใชใไป–ใฎ่จ€่ชžใซใ‚‚ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
70:19
So we are looking at very loose
1070
4219815
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ้žๅธธใซๅคง้›‘ๆŠŠใชไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
70:24
ways of using certain words.
1071
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3170
ใ€‚
70:27
And it is interesting to note how that can change
1072
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅœฐๅŸŸใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™
70:30
from from area to area, even here in the UK.
1073
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ใ€‚
70:34
Steve When, you think about it even right here
1074
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ– ใ“ใ“่‹ฑๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€
70:37
in the UK, you might actually find
1075
4237516
3003
70:41
that certain words or certain ways of describing something
1076
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชž ใ‚„ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใŒ
70:45
change from one place to another,
1077
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ€
70:50
and that is how English can be altered
1078
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3637
่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚‚
70:54
or changed depending on what your location is.
1079
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3486
ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€‚
70:57
So that is what we are looking at today, something a little bit different.
1080
4257802
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
71:03
So I suppose when we talk about different types
1081
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4071
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กž
71:07
of expressions or different types of words,
1082
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4471
ใฎ่กจ็พใ‚„ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใ€Œ
71:13
you might ask
1083
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951
71:13
yourself one question What is real English?
1084
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3754
ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ† 1 ใคใฎ่ณชๅ•ใŒ่‡ชๅ•ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:17
What is it?
1085
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1235
ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
71:19
What is the English language?
1086
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2786
่‹ฑ่ชžใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
71:21
How does it exist? Why does it exist?
1087
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3003
ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใชใœใใ‚ŒใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
71:25
And how do we use English
1088
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
71:28
to create other types of
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ไป–ใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ
71:32
dialect or local language?
1090
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ๆ–น่จ€ใ‚„ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝœๆˆใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
71:36
Well, first of all, it's worth mentioning, Steve, that there is only one English language.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใพใšๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
71:42
The language is the root.
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่จ€่ชžใฏๆ นๆบใงใ™ใ€‚
71:44
The language is the place where all the other things
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่จ€่ชžใฏใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎ
71:47
come from, including accents.
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่ตทๆบใจใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
71:51
Quite often you will have variations or changes,
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„ๅค‰ๆ›ดใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
71:55
but the language itself only exists
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ใŒใ€่จ€่ชž่‡ชไฝ“ใฏ
71:59
as a singular thing.
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ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใ—ใฆใฎใฟๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
72:02
So there is only one English language,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
72:05
but there are many ways of using it.
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ใใฎไฝฟ็”จๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
72:10
So you might see some examples, Steve, of that.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใใฎไพ‹ใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
72:13
You might have formal and informal professional and also everyday English.
1101
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ๅ…ฌๅผ่‹ฑ่ชžใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎๅฐ‚้–€่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใใ—ใฆๆ—ฅๅธธ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
72:20
So there is a difference between those two things.
1102
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใซใฏ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
72:23
Isn't that you mean like, yes, the language of science
1103
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็ง‘ๅญฆใฎ่จ€่ชžใ€
72:27
or the language of a lawyer or a solicitor
1104
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ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ‚„ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใฎ่จ€่ชžใ€
72:32
or yes, in medical
1105
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
72:36
in the medical field where things have to be said.
1106
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่ชžใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅŒป็™‚ๅˆ†้‡Žใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€‚
72:40
Certainly in in law things have to be said in a certain way.
1107
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงใฏ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
72:46
I don't like and it has its own
1108
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็งใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏ
72:49
its own its own English, really.
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็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€‚
72:52
And you can't really alter it.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
72:56
Whereas in normal, everyday English, that's a different thing altogether.
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€้€šๅธธใฎๆ—ฅๅธธ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
72:59
Is that what you mean?
1112
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
73:00
Yes. When we talk about professional and, informal,
1113
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚„้žๅ…ฌๅผใ€
73:05
or maybe everyday English and professional English,
1114
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚„ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
73:10
quite often you have specific word
1115
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73:13
that are used in various fields and you are right, a good example
1116
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅˆ†้‡Žใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ˆใๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใ•ใซใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ€
73:18
that science is a good one.
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็ง‘ๅญฆใŒ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
73:21
So maybe something where particular words are used
1118
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹
73:24
so that would be professional or something
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ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใพใŸใฏ
73:28
that is used in a certain type of work or a certain field
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎไป•ไบ‹ ใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใฎ
73:32
law would be another law in law is in the courts solicitors.
1121
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ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€่ฃๅˆคๆ‰€ใฎๅผ่ญทๅฃซใซใŠใ„ใฆๅˆฅใฎๆณ•ๅพ‹ใจใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
73:38
Certainly the way it's written, there are certain
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็ขบใ‹ใซๆ›ธใๆ–นใซใฏไธ€ๅฎšใฎ
73:42
procedures and different ways of writing things.
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ๆ‰‹้ †ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ›ธใๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
73:45
And yes, and a lot of Latin is used in law
1124
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณ่ชžใฎๅคšใใฏๆณ•ๅพ‹ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š
73:51
and quite often also in medicine as well
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ใ€ๅŒปๅญฆใ ใ‘ใงใชใ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
73:54
as So when we talk about parts of the body, many of those have derived
1126
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใฏ
73:58
from from old languages early languages,
1127
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ๅคใ„่จ€่ชžใ€ๅˆๆœŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ๆดพ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
74:03
and they've just been adapted into English.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้ฉๅฟœใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใ€‚
74:08
So when we talk about something formal, we are talking about something
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‹ๆญฃๅผใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œ
74:12
that also would be the correct thing to do at a certain time.
1130
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ใฏใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ™‚็‚นใง่กŒใ†ในใๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
74:16
For example, if you are writing a letter to someone
1131
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใ€
74:20
you normally do it
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้€šๅธธใฏ
74:23
in formal writing,
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ๆญฃๅผใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
74:26
especially if you are doing something such as applying for a job,
1134
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็‰นใซ ไป•ไบ‹ใธใฎๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใชใฉใ€
74:31
something where you need to be
1135
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74:34
very precise with what you are saying or what you are writing.
1136
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚„ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚’้žๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใซใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€‚
74:38
So in that situation, if you are approaching someone
1137
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใงใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใ—ใฆ
74:42
and you are inquiring about a job,
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ไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
74:46
perhaps you have to use different types
1139
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กž
74:49
of English, formal English, nothing informal,
1140
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ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚„
74:55
no slang, no abbreviations.
1141
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ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ€็•ฅ่ชžใฏไธ€ๅˆ‡ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅคšใ
74:58
Quite often you have to use formal English.
1142
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ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
75:02
So I would say that is the line
1143
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
75:05
that divides those different types of English professional.
1144
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒ—ใƒญใƒ•ใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒซใ‚’ๅˆ†ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅขƒ็•Œ็ทšใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
75:09
And every day, every day be every anything.
1145
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ใใ—ใฆๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
75:14
Just natural ways of speaking slang,
1146
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ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ€็•ฅ่ชžใชใฉใฎ่‡ช็„ถใช่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€
75:18
abbreviations, things that we will be looking
1147
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75:21
at a little bit later on. Yes.
1148
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ๅพŒใปใฉ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
75:24
As you say, if you're applying for a job, if you're writing to a customer,
1149
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฟœๅ‹Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ้กงๅฎขใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใ€
75:29
if you are writing to a solicitor,
1150
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ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใ€
75:32
or if a solicitor is writing to you or an estate agent,
1151
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ๅผ่ญทๅฃซใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚„ไธๅ‹•็”ฃๆฅญ่€…ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
75:37
then it's going to be written, as you say, in a formal way,
1152
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ๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆญฃๅผใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘
75:41
using as much correct?
1153
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ๆญฃใ—ใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
75:45
Grammar.
1154
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ€‚
75:46
Certainly correct grammar would be important
1155
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็ขบใ‹ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Š
75:49
and certain phrases that you would use values.
1156
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ใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
75:52
You always end the letter. Don't your business letter yours.
1157
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’็ท ใ‚ใใใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
75:55
If you say Dear sir, you will say yours sincerely afterwards.
1158
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ๆ‹ๅ•“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ ใใฎๅพŒใฏ่ช ๆ„ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
76:01
This is what my always told me.
1159
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚‚็งใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
76:03
If you put Dear sir, then it's
1160
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Dear sir ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
76:07
yours sincerely at the end.
1161
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฟƒใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
76:09
That's formal writing. Yes, of you.
1162
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃๅผใชๆ›ธใๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
76:13
But the name of somebody and you can say yours
1163
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใฎๅๅ‰ใชใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’
76:16
faithfully, can't you.
1164
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ๅฟ ๅฎŸใซ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
76:17
You, it's that's formal writing.
1165
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃๅผใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ™ใ€‚
76:21
Whereas you wouldn't say that if you were writing to a friend for example.
1166
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐๅ‹ไบบใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
76:24
I mean does anyone write to friends anymore.
1167
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅ‹้”ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใไบบใฏใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
76:27
I don't know because
1168
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76:30
we text now. Don't we.
1169
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1802
ไปŠใฏใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
76:31
Yes. With formal writing, with it with a pen is very much going out of fashion
1170
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใฏใ€ ใƒšใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๆ›ธใใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ™‚ไปฃ้…ใ‚Œใซใชใ‚Šใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉๅ…ˆ้€ฑใ€
76:37
as we had a discussion with some friends of ours only last week.
1171
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ๅ‹ไบบใŸใกใจ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
76:41
Yes So I think traditional, traditional ways of
1172
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไผ็ตฑ็š„ใชใ€ไผ็ตฑ็š„ใช
76:46
of writing or communicating, they still exist.
1173
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ๆ›ธใๆ–นใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใพใ ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
76:50
But I think more and more as time has gone on,
1174
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
76:53
it is more of a professional field rather than everyday use.
1175
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ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆ—ฅๅธธไฝฟ็”จใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใชๅˆ†้‡Žใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใพใ™ใพใ™ๆ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
76:58
However, I still think there are situation ones
1176
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
77:02
where you should always be aware of writing formally.
1177
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใซๆ›ธใใ“ใจใ‚’ๅธธใซๆ„่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
77:06
If you are doing something where your first impression is important, especially
1178
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็ฌฌไธ€ๅฐ่ฑกใŒ้‡่ฆใชไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็‰นใซ็›ธๆ‰‹ใŒ
77:13
if all they have is a piece of paper or an email, that's all they have to judge you on.
1179
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็ด™ใ‚„ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ—ใ‹ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ็›ธๆ‰‹ใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
77:19
So you have to make sure you wait.
1180
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฟ…ใšๅพ…ใคๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
77:20
You the right impression from the start.
1181
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ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๅฐ่ฑกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
77:24
Choose your words carefully can sometimes get you
1182
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ๆ…Ž้‡ใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’้ธใถใจใ€
77:28
so you know, if you're doing if you're writing formally because as you say,
1183
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆญฃๅผใซๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œ
77:33
you've got it there, you would say Dear sir or dear
1184
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Dear sir or dear
77:36
madam or dear Mr.
1185
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madamใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œdear Mr.
77:39
or Mrs.
1186
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or Mrs.ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
77:40
Smith. Well, no wonder the name follows.
1187
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ใ‚นใƒŸใ‚นใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ๅๅ‰ใŒ็ถšใใฎใ‚‚ไธๆ€่ญฐใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
77:43
And then you would put at the end yours faithfully or yours sincerely.
1188
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅฟ ๅฎŸใซใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ช ๅฎŸใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚
77:48
I don't know what you would say in your country's watching.
1189
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
77:52
So here are some examples.
1190
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
77:53
Steve.
1191
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€‚
77:54
Okay, so formally
1192
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆญฃๅผใซใ€Œ
77:57
you have Hello.
1193
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Helloใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
77:59
So, hello is I would say that is formal.
1194
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๆญฃๅผใชใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
78:03
So if you greet someone, you say hello.
1195
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
78:05
However, maybe informal would be.
1196
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้žๅ…ฌๅผใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
78:10
Hi there.
1197
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
78:11
Hi there.
1198
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1001
ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
78:12
So you wouldn't go for a job interview and say hi there
1199
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฐฑ่ท้ขๆŽฅใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ“ใง
78:19
you would say hello. Hello.
1200
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ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
78:20
Hello. Good to meet you.
1201
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ๅˆใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚
78:22
Nice to meet you. Hello.
1202
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ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
78:23
And you introduce yourself and say hello.
1203
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ใใ—ใฆ่‡ชๅทฑ็ดนไป‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
78:26
And you wouldn't use their first name if you hadn't met enough.
1204
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅๅˆ†ใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใ†
78:29
Or you would.
1205
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1168
ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚
78:30
And you may.
1206
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1118
ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
78:31
Maybe also we might say sir or madam.
1207
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3970
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œsirใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œmadamใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
78:36
So for a man, sir.
1208
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ็”ทๆ€งใฎๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€‚
78:38
Hello, sir.
1209
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€‚
78:40
Or for a lady.
1210
4720010
1852
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฅณๆ€งๅ‘ใ‘ใ€‚
78:41
Hello, madam. Madam, Can I help you, sir?
1211
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅฅฅๆง˜ใ€‚ ใƒžใƒ€ใƒ ใ€ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
78:44
Can I help you?
1212
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2519
ใ„ใ‹ใŒใชใ•ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
78:47
They use a Latin America.
1213
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒฉใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
78:48
They? Yes. As a form of respect.
1214
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๆ•ฌๆ„ใฎๅฝขใจใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
78:51
And then we.
1215
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867
็งใŸใกใ€‚
78:52
And then we have the other.
1216
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1085
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
78:53
The opposite. Which would be. Mate.
1217
4733541
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ๅๅฏพใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒกใ‚คใƒˆใ€‚
78:56
All right, mate.
1218
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700
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚
78:57
Hello, mate.
1219
4737127
935
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚
78:58
Hello, mate.
1220
4738062
1084
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚
78:59
Hello, mate. Well, you all right, mate?
1221
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹ใ€็›ธๆฃ’๏ผŸ
79:01
Nice to see you, mate.
1222
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ไผšใˆใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€‚
79:03
So quite often we will use that informally.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
79:09
That is not formal.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃๅผใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
79:10
And of course, maybe if we see a lady or young
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚„่‹ฅใ„ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰
79:14
a young lady, we might say, Girl, Hey, girl.
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ใ€ใ€ŒใŠๅฌขใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠๅฌขใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
79:17
Hey, girl,
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ใญใˆใ€ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€
79:20
you is hot.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็†ฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
79:23
No, don't say that.
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ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
79:24
If you're going for a job interview, definitely don't say you write an email to somebody and it starts.
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ๅฐฑ่ท้ขๆŽฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใซใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆ้ขๆŽฅใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใชใฉใจใฏ็ตถๅฏพใซ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
79:29
Dear Mrs.
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่ฆชๆ„›ใชใ‚‹
79:30
Smith or Dear Madam, then you know
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ใ‚นใƒŸใ‚นๅคซไบบใพใŸใฏ่ฆชๆ„›ใชใ‚‹ใƒžใƒ€ใƒ ใ€ใใ‚Œใชใ‚‰
79:34
it's formal writing.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃๅผใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
79:38
If you know them most.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
79:39
Dear John de Souza.
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่ฆชๆ„›ใชใ‚‹ใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใƒปใƒ‡ใƒปใ‚นใƒผใ‚ถๆง˜ใ€‚
79:43
So? So. Might even be dear.
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ใใ‚Œใง๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€‚ ๆ„›ใŠใ—ใใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
79:44
Just. Hi. Yes.
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ใŸใ ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
79:46
So there is a definite difference between those two things.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใฎ้–“ใซใฏๆฑบๅฎš็š„ใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
79:50
Things that are are formal
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชใ‚‚ใฎ
79:53
and things that might be informal.
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ใจใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
79:56
Hello. Hi there.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚
79:59
There is a difference.
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้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
80:00
There is a difference in tone.
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้Ÿณ่‰ฒใซ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€
80:03
And also it gives a very different impression
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80:06
of the person using it as well.
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ไฝฟใ†ไบบใฎๅฐ่ฑกใ‚‚ๅคงใใๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
80:09
Types of words used or the way
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ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚„
80:12
a word is used in everyday life.
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ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”ŸๆดปใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œๆ–นใ€‚
80:16
So when we talk about formal and informal,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ…ฌๅผใจ้žๅ…ฌๅผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€
80:19
we might look at types of words used or the
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ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‚„
80:23
a word is used in everyday life.
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ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
80:27
And it is interesting when we look at different words, there are many ways of expressing one thing.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
80:32
In many ways, however, some of those words might only be used
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅคšใใฎ็‚นใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎไธญใซใฏใ€
80:37
in certain places, certain parts of the country.
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ๅ›ฝใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
80:42
So I will use England as an example.
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ใใ“ใงใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚’ไพ‹ใซๆŒ™ใ’ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
80:47
If you go north, you might hear different
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ๅŒ—ใซ่กŒใใจใ€
80:50
words used to describe certain things.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
80:54
If you go south, you will hear different words
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ๅ—ใซ่กŒใใจใ€
80:57
used to describe different things.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ“ใจใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
81:01
So as you travel around, even though everyone is speaking English,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใŸใจใˆ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€
81:05
the use of the words or the way in which they speak
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚„ใ€
81:09
or use English can change.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใ‚„ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
81:12
And that is very subtle.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅพฎๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
81:16
That is something that changes as you move around.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
81:20
Of course, we also have accents, which is a completely different thing altogether.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
81:26
So today we're just looking at the syntax,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆง‹ๆ–‡ใ ใ‘ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใ€
81:29
we're looking at the use of the sentences
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ๆ–‡ใจๅ˜่ชž่‡ชไฝ“ใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
81:32
and the words themselves.
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ใ€‚
81:35
So what is real English?
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ใงใฏใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
81:37
Real English is the root, but There are many variations.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๆ นๆœฌใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
81:43
The use of English changes in different parts of a country.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝฟ็”จใฏ ๅ›ฝใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅœฐๅŸŸใงๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
81:48
So you might find accents, but also words
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
81:52
used will change as well as you move around.
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็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
81:56
So is there anything you can think of
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ™ใใซๆ€ใ„ใคใใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹
81:59
straightaway, Steve Maybe a certain word or
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€
82:02
type of word that will be used in one place
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82:05
but not in another, even though that thing is English?
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ใŸใจใˆใใ‚ŒใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใฏไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŒใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใฏไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใชใ„็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใพใŸใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎ็จฎ้กžใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
82:09
Yeah, I mean, I agree.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
82:11
Greetings are quite often different in different parts of the country, aren't they?
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ๅ…จๅ›ฝๅ„ๅœฐใงๆŒจๆ‹ถใŒ้•ใ†ใ“ใจใฃใฆใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
82:16
I mean, you can go to. I think it's London.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่กŒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
82:18
Hello, Cock.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€‚
82:20
that there might use that.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ€‚
82:23
That's a colloquialism.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
82:24
It's a local area way of greeting somebody.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚‹ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
82:28
We've got quite a lot in the West Midlands.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚นใƒˆใƒŸใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒณใ‚บใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
82:31
kids, certain phrases
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ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใ€
82:34
that eat basically 90% or
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82:39
5% of what somebody might say in a different region you could understand.
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ๅˆฅใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใง่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ 90% ใ‹ 5% ใ‚’ ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
82:44
And then occasionally there will be these odd phrases that a local or colloquialisms,
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ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ๆŠ˜ใ€ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ ใ‚„ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€
82:50
as you would say, words or phrases
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82:53
which aren't used throughout the country,
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ใคใพใ‚Šๅ›ฝไธญใงใฏไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
82:57
but you can usually much guess what they mean because of the way they say it.
1291
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ใŒใ€ใใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
83:02
Okay. Or you might just want to ask, what does that mean?
1292
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซใ€Œ ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่žใใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
83:05
That's funny.
1293
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ€‚
83:06
I'm just after the examples.
1294
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็งใฏไพ‹ใฎ็›ดๅพŒใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
83:07
First of all, I can't of one.
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ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€็งใซใฏไธ€ใคใ‚‚ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
83:09
okay. You don't get off the top of my head.
1296
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ ญใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
83:10
I remember a few weeks ago we went to Liverpool and a lot of people say,
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ๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ๅ‰ใซ ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ“ใ†่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œ
83:15
Kid, I'll kid All right, well, kid, kid,
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ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€
83:20
they will often use kid as a way of greeting.
1299
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŒจๆ‹ถใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
83:23
All right, All right, kid. And I tell a kids,
1300
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๅŠใ‚„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซใใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€
83:28
so maybe a family member they might refer to as are kids.
1301
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅญไพ›ใŸใกใจๅ‘ผใถใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ๅฎถๆ—ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
83:32
Yeah. okay.
1302
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
83:34
I d it just means how are you, my child?
1303
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3336
ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใ€ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€็งใฎๅญใ‚ˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
83:38
Well, maybe just as a greeting to a person they are familiar with as well.
1304
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใธใฎๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ๆŒจๆ‹ถใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
83:43
So maybe we would say pal p a l All right, pal.
1305
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œpal p a l ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็›ธๆฃ’ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
83:48
You're my pal. All right, kid.
1306
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎๅ‹้”ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๅŠใ‚„ใ€‚
83:51
Right. Kid with the accent.
1307
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ๅณใ€‚ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅญไพ›ใ€‚
83:54
All right, all right, kid.
1308
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ๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ๅญไพ›ใ€‚
83:57
So that would be a colloquial way of saying hello
1309
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Š
84:02
or asking if someone is all right.
1310
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2636
ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅคงไธˆๅคซใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
84:05
So it is interesting to note that those things can change
1311
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ›ฝไธญใ‚’็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™
84:09
as you move around the country.
1312
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ใ€‚
84:12
Here's an interesting question from Giovani.
1313
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2335
ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
84:14
If I met along the street
1314
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้“ใ‚’
84:18
when I'm walking a stranger,
1315
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3003
ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่ฆ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใฌไบบใจๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
84:22
what?
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451
84:22
How should I greet them?
1317
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
84:24
Well, maybe.
1318
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏ้š ใ‚Œๅฎถ็š„ใช้›ฐๅ›ฒๆฐ—ใชใฎใงใ€
84:25
Maybe not speaking to them at all
1319
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใจใพใฃใŸใ่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ใฎใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
84:28
would be a good idea because it is a retreat these days.
1320
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ใ€‚
84:31
It's often the wisest option.
1321
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2536
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚่ณขๆ˜Žใช้ธๆŠž่‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—
84:33
I think if I if you in the UK, if you just meet somebody and I don't know,
1322
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใซไผšใฃใŸใจใใซใ€
84:38
you end up talking to somebody, you might just say hi or hello.
1323
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่ชฐใ‹ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใŸใ ใ€Œ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‹ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
84:43
Yeah.
1324
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267
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
84:45
Or if it was a
1325
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2168
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
84:47
if you were in Liverpool, he might say something that Mr.
1326
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4405
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใซใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๅฝผใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใจๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„
84:51
Duncan just said.
1327
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ใ€‚
84:52
But yeah, you would just say hi, you know, if they got a dog they were walking a dog or something.
1328
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5488
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็Šฌใฎๆ•ฃๆญฉใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
84:58
And the, and this, this, this point happened where
1329
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3838
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใง
85:02
some conversation started. Hi.
1330
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3003
ไผš่ฉฑใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
85:06
nice to meet you.
1331
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634
85:06
Who are you? Yes, you might be.
1332
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2786
ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
85:09
You might be a group of you, two or three of you walking and you come across another group.
1333
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3804
2ไบบใ‹3ไบบใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใง ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซๅ‡บไผšใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
85:14
hi. Wasn't it lovely weather today and.
1334
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2986
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใ„ๅคฉๆฐ—ใงใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
85:18
hello.
1335
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801
85:18
And then afterwards you would, you might say.
1336
5118889
2186
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
ใใ—ใฆใใฎๅพŒใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใจใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
85:21
nice to meet you. Yes, have a good day.
1337
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2652
ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใ€‚
85:23
Well, we find that, but just would be fine. That's it.
1338
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2986
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
85:26
We find that quite often, don't we Steve, when we're at walking.
1339
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3603
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
85:30
So we will walk.
1340
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1218
ใใ‚Œใง็งใŸใกใฏๆญฉใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
85:31
And then maybe one or two people are coming.
1341
5131935
2803
ใŠใใ‚‰ใ1ไบบใ‹2ไบบใŒๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
85:34
The other way opposite towards us. They are.
1342
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3170
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅๅฏพๅดใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
85:38
And sometimes we will say hi.
1343
5138242
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ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ใซใฏๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
85:42
hello. That's it.
1344
5142563
950
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚
85:44
And maybe the
1345
5144781
985
ใใ—ใฆๅคšๅˆ†ใ€
85:45
other person or the other people will say hi and that's it.
1346
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3386
็›ธๆ‰‹ใ‹ไป–ใฎไบบใŒๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
85:49
They were there won't be any other conversation taking place
1347
5149152
3003
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฎ ไผš่ฉฑใฏ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใšใ€
85:53
and that the end of it.
1348
5153123
2102
ใใ‚ŒใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
85:55
So it's very brief.
1349
5155225
1518
ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
85:56
Hi. Well, smile.
1350
5156743
2319
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€็ฌ‘ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
85:59
That's a smile.
1351
5159062
985
ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฌ‘้ก”ใงใ™ใ€‚
86:00
Just to let them know that you're not going to attack them.
1352
5160047
2218
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
86:02
Yeah, it's basically that's it.
1353
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
86:04
It's sort of acknowledging the existence
1354
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3754
86:08
of other people without getting too involved.
1355
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้–ขใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใซไป–ไบบใฎๅญ˜ๅœจใ‚’่ชใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
86:12
Of course, we get very and it's very easy to get offended if you go for a walk
1356
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใฃใฆ
86:17
and you pass somebody, there's nobody else around
1357
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่ชฐใ‹ใจใ™ใ‚Œ้•ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ‘จใ‚Šใซ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ„ใชใ„
86:21
and somebody passes you and they don't acknowledge you.
1358
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ใฎใซ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ่ฟฝใ„ๆŠœใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชใ‚ใฆใใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่…นใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
86:24
It's actually,
1359
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3186
ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€
86:28
it's quite an it you take it as rudeness.
1360
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็„ก็คผใ ใจๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฒใฉใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
86:31
Yes, it is, But it is.
1361
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
86:33
but of course, in, in a busy street in London, you're not going to say hello to everybody that you pass.
1362
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎ็น่ฏ่ก—ใงใฏใ€ ใ™ใ‚Œ้•ใ†ไบบๅ…จๅ“กใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
86:39
No, because they would think that there was something with you.
1363
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
86:43
They think you're a bit weird.
1364
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1318
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
86:44
I think the general rule in London is you don't look you don't make eye contact.
1365
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4205
ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใงใฏใ€่ฆ‹ใชใ„ใ€็›ฎใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
86:49
You don't you don't make any contact with anyone in London.
1366
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ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใงใฏ่ชฐใจใ‚‚้€ฃ็ตกใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
86:53
You just the same in most big cities, you just look,
1367
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3236
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅคง้ƒฝๅธ‚ใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‘จใ‚Šใซ
86:57
the more people
1368
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835
ไบบใŒๅข—ใˆใ‚Œใฐๅข—ใˆใ‚‹ใปใฉ
86:58
are around you, the less you're going to engage with them.
1369
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ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใจ้–ขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
87:03
And but if you're out walking in the country and you you come across somebody even in the town,
1370
5223409
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็”ฐ่ˆŽใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€่ก—ไธญใงใ‚‚่ชฐใ‹ใซๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
87:09
if they're I would say if we go into much Wenlock,
1371
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ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆๆทฑใๆŽ˜ใ‚Šไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
87:13
we're not really going to be acknowledging people as we're going down the street,
1372
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4454
็งใŸใกใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซไบบใ€…ใ‚’็งใŸใกใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชใ‚ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆ
87:17
even if it's not very busy unless you know them, unless you know the names.
1373
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆทท้›‘ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅๅ‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€‚
87:22
Right. Smile.
1374
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1502
ๅณใ€‚ ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ€‚
87:24
You might pick up a nice, you know, and certainly if you're going into a shop
1375
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5222
ใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€ ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใŠๅบ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใจใใซ
87:30
and somebody is coming out and they might hold the door open for you, you might.
1376
5250019
4471
่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆ ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
87:35
Thank you.
1377
5255308
917
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
87:36
I but generally and
1378
5256225
2803
็งใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€
87:39
but if you're out walking in the country
1379
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2986
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็”ฐ่ˆŽ
87:42
or a path, a public footpath
1380
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ใ‚„ๅฐ้“ใ€ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑใฎๆญฉ้“ใชใฉใ€
87:45
where you're not going to see people very often
1381
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3003
ไบบใซใ‚ใพใ‚Šไผšใ‚ใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
87:49
and then suddenly somebody walks towards you, you would
1382
5269005
2969
็ช็„ถ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆๆญฉใ„ใฆใใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
87:53
normally out of
1383
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818
้€šๅธธใฏ
87:54
politeness and probably really just to try and
1384
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็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใŸใ ใฎใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
87:58
make sure that,
1385
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1501
88:00
you know, you want to make sure that the people you're coming across aren't going to attack you.
1386
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้ญ้‡ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ”ปๆ’ƒใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
88:03
Yeah, it's, it's just a natural thing to I, I just a wave and a smile.
1387
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ใใ†ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏ่‡ช็„ถใชไบ‹ใงใ€ ใŸใ ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใ‚Šใ€็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’ๆตฎใ‹ในใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
88:09
And if they walk past you and completely ignore you, it's very rude.
1388
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ใ‚’้€šใ‚Š้ŽใŽใฆๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็„ก่ฆ–ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅคฑ็คผใงใ™ใ€‚
88:13
I take that as a quite offensive.
1389
5293646
2702
็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๅ—ใ‘ๆญขใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
88:16
That's offensive to me, particularly if you've said hello to them
1390
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็‰นใซ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใซ
88:20
and they don't say hello back.
1391
5300502
2853
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’่ฟ”ใ•ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆไธๅฟซใงใ™ใ€‚
88:23
That's quite offensive.
1392
5303355
2019
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
88:25
I mean, they don't have to say hello to you.
1393
5305374
2402
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
88:27
But no, I actually find that quite offensive.
1394
5307776
3020
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธๅฟซใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
88:31
If you're in the middle of nowhere, you haven't seen anybody for 10 minutes
1395
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3771
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไบบ้‡Œ้›ขใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ 10ๅˆ†้–“่ชฐใซใ‚‚ไผšใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใซใ€
88:35
and then somebody walks past you and they just
1396
5315634
3003
่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‰ใ‚’้€šใ‚Š้ŽใŽใฆใ‚‚ใ€
88:38
they don't even make eye contact with you.
1397
5318720
2369
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจ็›ฎใ‚‚ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
88:41
It annoying. I find that quite rude.
1398
5321089
3003
่ฟทๆƒ‘ใ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคฑ็คผใชใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
88:44
It is.
1399
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601
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
88:45
It is very annoying when that happens.
1400
5325294
2202
ใใ†ใชใฃใŸๆ™‚ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฟทๆƒ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
88:47
I'm walking on Steve.
1401
5327496
2002
็งใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฎไธŠใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
88:49
I would say we find that if it's particularly if it's people who live in the towns
1402
5329498
5038
็‰นใซ ็”บใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใฆ
88:54
and they come to the country, they they won't say hello to you
1403
5334920
3503
็”ฐ่ˆŽใซๆฅใŸไบบใฏใ€
88:58
because they're not used to greeting and saying hello to people.
1404
5338423
3270
ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚‚ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚‚ใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
89:02
You live in a city because normally you just ignore people.
1405
5342027
2486
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ƒฝไผšใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ ใฏใ€ๆ™ฎๆฎตใฏไบบใ€…ใ‚’็„ก่ฆ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
89:04
That's that's the joke we often make.
1406
5344513
1718
ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใใ™ใ‚‹ๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
89:06
You can always tell when someone is is from the town.
1407
5346231
2553
่ชฐใ‹ใŒใใฎ็”บใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
89:08
Yes, from another town or or a large area because they won't
1408
5348784
3503
ใฏใ„ใ€ๅˆฅใฎ็”บใ‚„ๅบƒใ„ๅœฐๅŸŸใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
89:12
speak to other people and you know that they're from a city or something like that.
1409
5352287
3871
ไป–ใฎไบบใจ่ฉฑใ•ใชใ„ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ้ƒฝๅธ‚ใชใฉใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
89:16
That is the rule.
1410
5356258
1551
ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
89:17
You never speak to other people.
1411
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆไป–ใฎไบบใจ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
89:19
You never make eye contact.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆ็›ฎใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅฃฐใŒๅดฉใ‚Œๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€
89:22
It's regional accents and local
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ๅœฐๅŸŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎ
89:25
colloquialisms are often
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ๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใŒใ‚ˆใ
89:29
used as my voice starts to disintegrate.
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ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
89:34
So many places have their own way
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้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ€
89:38
of of speaking using words or of course, accents.
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ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
89:44
And sometimes the two things come together and quite often
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ“ใฎ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใ‚Š ใ€
89:49
you might find the accents and also the words almost
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใŒ
89:53
develop their own personality.
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็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅ€‹ๆ€งใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
89:56
It can happen in certain places.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
89:58
Liverpool is a very good example because we were there
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ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฏ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใใ“ใซใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€
90:02
and whilst I was walking around Liverpool I did hear a lot
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ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่žใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
90:07
of Scouse accents.
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ใ€‚
90:10
Scouse So that is the colloquial term for a person who lives in Liverpool.
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ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚น ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
90:16
Do you know why?
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ใชใœใชใฎใ‹ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
90:18
Steve I know I don't suppose you know once
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ– ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
90:21
Scouse is a type of meal made with meat,
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ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใฏ่‚‰ใ€้‡Ž่œใ€็Ž‰ใญใŽใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใงไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ้ฃŸไบ‹ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ€
90:25
vegetables, onion and potatoes,
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90:29
like a big stew, thick stew,
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ๅคงใใชใ‚ทใƒใƒฅใƒผใ€ๆฟƒๅŽšใชใ‚ทใƒใƒฅใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€
90:32
and the name of that is Scouse.
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ใใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
90:35
And when potatoes were first introduced
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใŒๅˆใ‚ใฆใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใซๆŒใก่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸใจใใ€
90:38
to this country, well, because the port where most of the potatoes were brought
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใŒ
90:43
in was Liverpool, a lot of people used potatoes
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ๆŒใก่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸๆธฏใŒใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆ–™็†ใซใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็‰นใซ
90:47
in their cooking and one particular dish was, I think it was lump
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็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ–™็†ใฏใ€ ๅกŠ็Šถใฎ
90:51
Scouse or loose Scouse, it was the name of the actual dish.
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ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใ‹็ทฉใ„ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆ–™็†ใฎๅๅ‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
90:56
I think it came from somewhere in Europe.
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ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
90:58
And that particular dish became very popular in Liverpool,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–™็†ใฏ ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใง้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใ€
91:02
hence the term Scouse.
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ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใจใ„ใ†็”จ่ชžใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
91:06
It is a type of meal, a dish served with meat
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ้ฃŸไบ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‚‰
91:10
and potatoes and lots of vegetables, carrots
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ใจใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้‡Ž่œใ€ใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใ‚’
91:13
normally like a very thick stew so that you get
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้€šๅธธใฏ้žๅธธใซๆฟƒๅŽšใชใ‚ทใƒใƒฅใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็››ใ‚Šไป˜ใ‘ใŸๆ–™็†ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใฎ
91:17
just going back to what we said earlier, Valentin makes a good point.
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่ฉฑใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใƒใƒฌใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
91:21
You know, if you're sitting in the underground or the subway, it's not a good idea to.
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ๅœฐไธ‹้‰„ใ‚„ๅœฐไธ‹้‰„ใฎ่ปŠๅ†…ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅพ—็ญ–ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
91:27
Start smiling and greeting people because you might get beaten up.
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ๆฎดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€็ฌ‘้ก”ใงๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
91:32
They will just they will just think that you are crazy. Yes.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใ  ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฐ—ใŒ็‹‚ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ
91:36
Or beat you up. Yeah. So. Yeah.
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ๆฎดใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
91:38
So you have to choose the right time in the right place to be pleasant and friendly,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใง้ฉๅˆ‡ใชๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใฆใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒผใซๆŽฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
91:43
because sometimes being friendly can get you into a lot of trouble.
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ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ ๅคšใใฎใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
91:49
Palmira said that she remembers that phrase Alright kid,
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ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€่ฆชๆˆšใŒ้ ใใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€ๅญไพ›ใ‚ˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
91:54
because relatives not living far.
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91:57
Liverpool said that the Liverpool accent is
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ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฏใ€ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏ
92:00
a particularly strong accent, and even for anybody that lives
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็‰นใซๅผทใ„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซ ไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ•ใˆใ€
92:05
in the UK, it's a it's one of those accents and you probably have them in your country,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎ1ใคใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ใ€
92:11
probably in comedy shows or whatever, where
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ็•ช็ต„ใ‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใงใ€ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
92:15
the Scouse or the Liverpool accent is often one that's
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ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใ€
92:19
I wouldn't go so far to say ridicule, but it's seen
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ๅ˜ฒ็ฌ‘ใจใพใงใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
92:22
as it's good for comic effects.
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ใ‚ณใƒŸใ‚ซใƒซใชๅŠนๆžœใซ้ฉใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
92:26
Yeah, because the Scouse accent to most people is seen as quite a funny accent,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใ€
92:31
just like the Midlands accent is.
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ใƒŸใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€้žๅธธใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
92:34
Whereas the London Scouse
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ไธ€ๆ–นใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใฏใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€
92:36
is seen as quite an aggressive accent, like the London accent.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจใฟใชใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
92:40
Well, each each accent seems to have its own tag.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใฏ็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
92:45
Or maybe the type of view that people have of it.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒใใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆŠฑใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่ฆ‹ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
92:51
So the Scouse accent, the Liverpool accent might be seen as a little bit aggressive.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚ฆใ‚นใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ€ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
92:57
Yeah. Where is the Birmingham accent?
1466
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฌใƒ ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
93:00
Well, I think a lot of people misinterpret that
1467
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4321
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ไบบ้–“ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ„šใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ชค่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
93:05
as a person being a bit stupid,
1468
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ใ€
93:09
which of course is unfair and not accurate.
1469
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3754
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไธๅ…ฌๅนณใงๆญฃ็ขบใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
93:13
I want to know because if it's tone whether I have another one.
1470
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ใƒˆใƒผใƒณใชใ‚‰ ไป–ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
93:17
Steve Yes, so we have, we have other accents like very,
1471
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3837
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ– ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใฎๅ—ใฎใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ๅ—ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชไป–ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
93:21
very far down south Cornwall,
1472
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3003
93:24
a very gentle accent, but very sort of welcoming and warm.
1473
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้žๅธธใซ็ฉใ‚„ใ‹ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆญ“่ฟŽ็š„ใงๆธฉใ‹ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
93:30
So each accent does kind of
1474
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2819
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใžใ‚Œใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใฏ
93:32
have its own theme or its own tag
1475
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4021
็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ‚„็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
93:37
that people associate when they hear that accent.
1476
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจใใซ้€ฃๆƒณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
93:41
Liverpool, a little bit aggressive.
1477
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1969
ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใ€‚
93:44
Birmingham, a little stupid.
1478
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ใƒใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฌใƒ ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใƒใ‚ซใ ใญใ€‚
93:47
Not true, though.
1479
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1401
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
93:48
I just want to make that clear. It's not true.
1480
5628494
1985
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใฏใฃใใ‚Šใ•ใ›ใฆใŠใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
93:50
But that is what people tend to think.
1481
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใใ†่€ƒใˆใŒใกใงใ™ใ€‚
93:53
And then you go down south Cornwall, everyone is friendly
1482
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ณใƒผใƒณใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใฎๅ—ใซ่กŒใใจใ€ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒผใง
93:56
and polite and quite, quite humble and homely.
1483
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4137
็คผๅ„€ๆญฃใ—ใใ€้žๅธธใซ่ฌ™่™šใงๅฎถๅบญ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
94:01
So well, it's just the impression the accent gives soon.
1484
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ™ใใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฐ่ฑกใงใ™ใ€‚
94:03
It's not necessarily true, of course, but it's just the impression that the accent gives.
1485
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4138
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ใใ†ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ใใพใงใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฐ่ฑกใงใ™ใ€‚
94:08
London accent is quite an aggressive accent. Cockney.
1486
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ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒผใ€‚
94:11
A Cockney accent is a is an aggressive accent.
1487
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ใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
94:14
You always think of gangsters. Yes.
1488
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒณใ‚ฐใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
94:17
And it sounds aggressive.
1489
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
94:19
So you must be very interested, actually, to know about accents
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
94:23
in in your particular country, in France and Italy, Spain, Portugal,
1491
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ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚„ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณใ€ใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซใชใฉใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅ›ฝใงใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
94:29
whether you have, say, comedy programmes where dial backs
1492
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94:35
or accents from different parts of the country are often used in sort of comedy shows
1493
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ๅ›ฝๅ†…ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅœฐๅŸŸใฎใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ็•ช็ต„ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไธ€็จฎใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ็•ช็ต„ใงใ€
94:41
as as a source of comedy where everybody else will laugh at that particular accent.
1494
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ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ ใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็ฌ‘ใ†ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใฎๆบใจใ—ใฆใ€‚
94:46
Because certainly in the UK, if you want a comic effect,
1495
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏ็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ ใ‚ณใƒŸใ‚ซใƒซใชๅŠนๆžœใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
94:52
if you want somebody to sound funny, just give them a regional accent.
1496
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’้ข็™ฝใ่žใ“ใˆใ•ใ›ใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใŸใ ใใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
94:58
Yeah, and put them in a comedy show and people will laugh just at the accent.
1497
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ใใ†ใ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ็•ช็ต„ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ ใ‘ใงไบบใ€…ใฏ็ฌ‘ใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
95:02
Yeah, we're of course, the other one is what people do for comedy.
1498
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฏไบบใ€…ใŒใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
95:06
To make a person laugh is to use the accent whilst speaking English.
1499
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5255
ไบบใ‚’็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
95:12
So maybe you have a French accent, but you are speaking English.
1500
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4121
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใฎใชใพใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
95:16
Or maybe German. Yes, Italian.
1501
5716615
2602
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใƒ‰ใ‚คใƒ„ไบบใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
95:19
So that also can be a way
1502
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒฆใƒผใƒขใ‚ขใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
95:22
of creating humour. But.
1503
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3220
ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€‚
95:25
But it might be unfair, but it can also be very amusing
1504
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4704
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธๅ…ฌๅนณใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
95:30
at the same time, as long as it's done in a fun way.
1505
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ้žๅธธใซ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏไบบใ‚’ไพฎ่พฑใ—ใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
95:34
I think that is the most important part because it's because you don't want to insult people.
1506
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
95:39
No, but of course now it is becoming very difficult to.
1507
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไปŠใงใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใใชใฃใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
95:43
Take the mickey or
1508
5743908
1652
ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ€
95:46
take comedy from somebody else's accent,
1509
5746611
3003
ไป–ใฎไบบใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
95:49
particularly if they come from certain ethnic groups because it's difficult to being racist.
1510
5749798
4304
็‰นใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆฐ‘ๆ—ใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎๅ‡บ่บซใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅ็š„ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
95:54
It's not really the same thing, though, is it?
1511
5754102
2019
ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
95:56
Well, it's sort of because you don't, you know, accents have
1512
5756121
3787
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ
96:01
it sort of fuses
1513
5761726
2136
96:03
over an hour into this sort of everything.
1514
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3236
ใ“ใฎ็จฎใฎใ™ในใฆใซ 1 ๆ™‚้–“ไปฅไธŠๆบถใ‘่พผใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
96:07
If you try to make fun of somebody's accent
1515
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2987
่ชฐใ‹ใฎใชใพใ‚Š
96:10
or something in some way, it's often seen
1516
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2903
ใชใฉใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใŠใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
96:13
as as as as the wrong thing to do.
1517
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้–“้•ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
96:16
Now, comedy is suffering quite a lot.
1518
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃ็•Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š่‹ฆใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
96:19
So because
1519
5779193
1502
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
96:20
some great will always stand up and say, you're taking the mickey out
1520
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ๅ‰ใ„ไบบใŸใกใฏๅฟ…ใš็ซ‹ใกไธŠใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆ
96:23
to be the case against, my God, I'm going to make sure I'm a state.
1521
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่จด่จŸใ‚’่ตทใ“ใใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€ ็ฅžๆง˜ใ€็งใฏๅ›ฝๅฎถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
96:26
This clearly there is a difference between race
1522
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ไบบ็จฎใจๅ˜ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ้–“ใซ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
96:30
and just the location of a person they live.
1523
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ใ€‚
96:33
So I think that that's that that's the the race.
1524
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใชใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
96:35
But it sort of bleeds over as what is what I'm says.
1525
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณๆปฒใฟๅ‡บใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
96:39
Yes. I'm not disagreeing.
1526
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏ็•ฐ่ซ–ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่‹ฆๆƒ…
96:40
I just will make that clear so we don't get any more complete emails
1527
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ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชใƒกใƒผใƒซใŒใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠๅฑŠใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใฎใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใฏๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™
96:45
have complaint emails. Mr..
1528
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1451
ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
96:47
I always I get I got a few complaints from people.
1529
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2703
็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่‹ฆๆƒ…ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
96:49
Yes, of course I do.
1530
5809857
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
96:50
People complain something I've said or done.
1531
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ็งใฎ่จ€ๅ‹•ใซๆ–‡ๅฅใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
96:54
I was last week I mentioned something about Russia
1532
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใ€็งใŒใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹่ฉฑใ—ใŸใจใใ€
96:58
and I think someone was a little bit offended
1533
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใใฎใ“ใจ
97:01
by it, were worried, but I was only joking at the time.
1534
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ใงๅฐ‘ใ—ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฎณใ—ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๆ™‚ใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใงใ—ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
97:04
So you see it can happen.
1535
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
97:07
So so quite often when you say something, you have to be clear or I have to be clear
1536
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็งใŒๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
97:12
because basically it's it's it's my show in I will
1537
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
97:16
I will be the one getting cancelled, unfortunately.
1538
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็งใงใ™ใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€‚
97:19
Yes. Correct.
1539
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
97:20
But it is you don't normally mimic a person
1540
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3804
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบ็จฎใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใŒๆฑบใพใ‚‹ไบบใฎ็œŸไผผใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆ™ฎ้€šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
97:24
who who whose race
1541
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97:27
defines the way they speak.
1542
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ใ€‚
97:30
I think you have there is there is definitely a line between those two things.
1543
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎใ“ใจใฎ้–“ใซใฏๆ˜Ž็ขบใชๅขƒ็•Œ็ทšใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
97:35
But we used to be I have a son you can make fun of a person from Liverpool,
1544
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏใ‹ใคใฆใ€ ใƒชใƒใƒ—ใƒผใƒซๅ‡บ่บซใฎไบบใ‚’ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ†ใ“ใจใฎใงใใ‚‹ๆฏๅญใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„
97:40
I suppose, and I think people still do.
1545
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ใพใ—ใŸใ—ใ€ไปŠใงใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
97:43
People still use accents and make fun of them.
1546
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ไบบใ€…ใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚ใชใพใ‚Šใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
97:46
Far less though now, but it's not racial.
1547
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ไปŠใงใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไบบ็จฎ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹
97:49
I Think when there's a problem.
1548
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ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใใซ่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
97:51
People now are very, very sensitive and are more sensitive than they used to be.
1549
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ไปŠใฎไบบใ€…ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ•ๆ„Ÿใง ใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๆ•ๆ„Ÿใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
97:58
And people will complain if their accent is.
1550
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒ้•ใ†ใจไบบใ€…ใฏๆ–‡ๅฅใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
98:03
There's always somebody now
1551
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98:04
who just can't see comedy for comedy
1552
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใš
98:08
and and people can't laugh at themselves like they used to be able to,
1553
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ใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’็ฌ‘ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ไบบใŒไปŠใงใ‚‚ๅธธใซใ„ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
98:13
I don't think is the problem we have in society now.
1554
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3003
ไปŠใฎ็คพไผšใŒๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
98:17
Our Christina says that we do have comedies
1555
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใฏใ€
98:20
in dialects in Italy.
1556
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ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใซใฏๆ–น่จ€ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
98:23
So that's yeah, that's interesting to know because obviously
1557
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใง็ฌ‘ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ข็™ฝใ„ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใค่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ™ใ‚‹
98:28
we only know from our own
1558
5908255
2602
98:30
sitcoms or situation comedies where
1559
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3003
ใƒ›ใƒผใƒ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚„ใ‚ทใƒใƒฅใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚ณใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‹ใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
98:33
there'll be somebody in there with a funny accent that we'll all laugh at.
1560
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ใ€‚
98:37
And it's easy to stereotype people.
1561
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅ›บๅฎš่ฆณๅฟตใซ้™ฅใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
98:42
Of course, as Mr.
1562
5922052
717
98:42
Duncan said, if you wanted somebody to sound
1563
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4404
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซ
98:47
thick and stupid, you would give them a midland accent,
1564
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ๅคชใใฆๆ„šใ‹ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒŸใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
98:51
which is very unfair, really, because it casts all Midland people in that way.
1565
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซไธๅ…ฌๅนณใงใ™ใ€ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใใ‚ŒใฏใƒŸใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
98:55
But I have Steve, I hope our friend Martin isn't watching.
1566
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4054
ใงใ‚‚็งใซใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ๅ‹ไบบใฎใƒžใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ฅˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
99:00
I know, but that is just the way things are.
1567
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3153
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็พ็Šถใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
99:03
I mean,
1568
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300
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
99:05
people take Mickey out of my accent sometimes.
1569
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2669
ไบบใ€…ใฏๆ™‚ใ€…็งใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใพใ™ใ€‚
99:07
I used to go see got what would people would describe as a fairly neutral accent, I think.
1570
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4855
็งใฏไบบใ€…ใŒ ใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธญ็ซ‹็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
99:12
I don't really have an accent.
1571
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
99:14
You sound you sound snooty.
1572
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‚ฒๆ…ขใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใญใ€‚
99:17
But when I grew up, my mother used to speak extremely.
1573
5957003
3086
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒ่‚ฒใฃใŸใจใใ€ๆฏใฏๆฅต็ซฏใซ่ฉฑใ™ไบบใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
99:20
I used to have a very posh accent. I used to speak very.
1574
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็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไธŠๅ“ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
99:23
But of course a lot of people in the UK did have a very used to speak.
1575
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎๅคšใใฎไบบใฏ ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
99:28
What we call the Queen's English, and a lot of people would try even
1576
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็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒผใƒณใ‚บใƒปใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ ใงใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚่ฃ•็ฆใชๅฎถๅบญใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่ฉฆใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€
99:34
from not necessarily from rich families,
1577
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99:39
if you what we often find this autumn,
1578
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ใ“ใฎ็ง‹ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
99:43
you often find this quite interesting.
1579
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
99:45
You literally said quite all like,
1580
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€ใพใ‚‹ใง
99:49
like the Queen often say that, you know,
1581
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ๅฅณ็Ž‹ใŒใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
99:52
and but my parents had very they used to speak like this.
1582
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็งใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใ‚ˆใ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
99:55
It was all very precise and very, very, very correct.
1583
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ้žๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใงใ€้žๅธธใซใ€้žๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
99:59
But they weren't from posh backgrounds.
1584
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไธŠๆต้šŽ็ดšใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
100:02
They were my family.
1585
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใฎๅฎถๆ—ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
100:03
My both my parents came from very poor backgrounds, but they spoke
1586
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็งใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ่ฒงใ—ใ„ๅฎถๅบญใฎๅ‡บ่บซใงใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
100:07
with very precise, as you would call, the Queen's English.
1587
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้žๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใชใ€ ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅฅณ็Ž‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
100:10
Well, we don't we don't call it that now.
1588
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ไปŠใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใฏๅ‘ผใณใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
100:12
We call it our P.
1589
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ P ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚Yes ใฎ
100:13
Yes received pronunciation.
1590
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็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒ›ใƒƒใƒ—ใฃใฝใ„
100:16
You might say that that my accent is a little bit hoppy,
1591
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ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
100:21
but there is a lot of Stafford in my accent and a lot of people
1592
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ใŒใ€็งใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒๅคšใๅซใพใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
100:25
don't realise that when they're listening to me because they can understand what I'm saying.
1593
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4171
็งใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็งใฎ ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏใใ‚Œใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
100:29
They think I'm speaking with a received pronunciation, but I'm not.
1594
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็™บ้Ÿณใง่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
100:33
A lot of this is actually the Staffordshire area,
1595
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ใใฎๅคšใใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผๅœฐๅŸŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
100:38
and so it is there, It is there.
1596
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
100:42
I do have an accent, definitely, but when I went to school,
1597
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็ขบใ‹ใซ็งใซใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจใใฏ
100:47
I went to school and I'm just saying accents and I've just finished this.
1598
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ๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใŸใ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
100:51
I went to school in Gloucestershire and they said I had a very, very posh.
1599
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็งใฏใ‚ฐใƒญใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใฎๅญฆๆ กใซ้€šใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ไธŠๅ“ใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
100:55
They used to take the mickey out of me.
1600
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
100:57
Okay.
1601
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551
100:57
I was a source of comedy for them with my posh accent.
1602
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3253
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
็งใฏไธŠๅ“ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ็ฌ‘ใ„ใฎๆบใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
101:02
But we often see a person like that
1603
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชไบบใŒ
101:04
as being pompous and a bit of an oaf
1604
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3003
ๅฐŠๅคงใงใ€ใจใซใ‹ใๅฐ‘ใ—็„กๆ„›ๆƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใพใ™
101:08
anyway. Snob.
1605
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ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒŽใƒƒใƒ–ใ€‚
101:10
So we talk about different types
1606
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กž
101:13
of usage of words, colloquial Realism.
1607
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3304
ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใ€ๅฃ่ชž็š„ๅฎŸๅœจ่ซ–ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
101:17
It's a great word.
1608
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1501
็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
101:18
Colloquialism, colloquialism.
1609
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3187
ๅฃ่ชžไธป็พฉใ€ๅฃ่ชžไธป็พฉใ€‚
101:22
If you look at the words, you can get the pronunciation
1610
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3720
ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚Œใฐ็™บ้Ÿณใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็†่งฃใงใใพใ™
101:26
quite easily from it, but it's still difficult to get your tongue around it.
1611
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ใŒใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ๅ‹•ใ‹ใ™ใฎใฏใพใ ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
101:29
Yes, you've got a lot of it, a lot of consonants, also a lot of confidence to get in there
1612
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4771
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅญ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ—ใ€
101:35
to a local colloquialism,
1613
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็พๅœฐใฎๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใ€
101:38
colloquial colloquialism.
1614
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3436
ๅฃ่ชž็š„ใชๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅๅˆ†ใช่‡ชไฟกใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
101:42
There's a bit of a yeah, we have slang as well as slang,
1615
6102013
4388
็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ ใ‘ ใงใชใใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
101:46
and slang is everyday use of English.
1616
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4671
ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ—ฅๅธธไฝฟ็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
101:51
Maybe you changed the use of the word.
1617
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
101:54
Maybe you introduce a brand new word or maybe a word that's used in other ways.
1618
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ใพใฃใŸใๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅฐŽๅ…ฅใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
101:59
So slang, I always think, is a very interesting part
1619
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ใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใฏๅธธใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใฉใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใ ใจ็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
102:03
of any language because it is always changing.
1620
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ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ€ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใซใŠใ„ใฆใ€
102:07
It is always evolving and changing into something else
1621
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ้€ฒๅŒ–ใ—ใ€ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
102:13
in formal speech everyday speech.
1622
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ใ€‚
102:17
So when we meet our friends in the street, quite often are English,
1623
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ก—ใงๅ‹้”ใซไผšใ†ใจใใ€ ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎ้ ปๅบฆใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
102:21
or maybe the way we speak in our own native language will be more informal
1624
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็งใŸใกใฎๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใง่ฉฑใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใง
102:26
and laid back local as well.
1625
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ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
102:29
So maybe a local accent or a local dialect
1626
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ๆ–น่จ€ใ€
102:33
or a way of of saying a particular thing.
1627
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
102:37
So here are some examples, Steve one thing,
1628
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ 1 ใคใงใ™
102:42
but but many ways of describing it and I will show you on the screen right now.
1629
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ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠใ™ใ็”ป้ขใงใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
102:49
So we have a child,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅญไพ›ใ€
102:51
child, a young person, a child,
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ๅญไพ›ใ€่‹ฅใ„ไบบใ€ๅญไพ›ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
102:54
so it can be a boy or young girl child.
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ใฎใงใ€็”ทใฎๅญใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€่‹ฅใ„ๅฅณใฎๅญใฎๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
102:58
And then of course we have ban.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็ฆๆญขใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
103:01
Ban is often used in Scotland.
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Ban ใฏใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
103:06
So when people speak to a child,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒๅญไพ›ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€
103:08
they see little bear and what is who is that?
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ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚ฏใƒžใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œ
103:13
We ban we mean small
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ๅฐใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็ฆๆญขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
103:17
so quite often in Scottish, in the Scottish accent or the Scottish dialect,
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ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰่ชžใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰่จ›ใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚นใ‚ณใƒƒใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ๆ–น่จ€ใง้ ป็นใซ
103:22
they will speak in English, they will use these particular words.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
103:27
They have crept into English Ban means child.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅฟใณ่พผใฟใ€Banใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
103:32
And then we have Nipper
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผ
103:35
and little nipper
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ใจๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใงใ™
103:38
that is often used.
1643
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ใ€‚
103:39
I think it's around Lancashire and that part of the country,
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ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ซใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผ ใจใใฎๅ›ฝใฎไธ€้ƒจใ€
103:43
Northern England, Lancashire around that, that area.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ๅŒ—้ƒจใ€ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ซใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใฎใใฎ่พบใ€ใใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
103:47
I think quite often they will say Nipper as you would do.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
103:50
That's a slang word for a child isn't it.
1647
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ๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ไฟ—่ชžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
103:53
A slang word, just an alternative word
1648
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ไฟ—่ชžใ€
103:56
that isn't proper English, as you would say. Yes.
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ใคใพใ‚Š้ฉๅˆ‡ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไปฃๆ›ฟ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
104:01
So we will often talk about a little nipper or a nipper.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ๅฐใ•ใชใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚„ใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
104:05
The next door neighbour's nipper keeps kicking his football
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้šฃๅฎถใฎ ใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใŒ
104:09
over my house or over my garden fence or kid would be another one, wouldn't it?
1652
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็งใฎๅฎถใ‚„ๅบญใฎใƒ•ใ‚งใƒณใ‚นใฎไธŠใซใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’่นดใ‚Š็ถšใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๅญไพ›ใŒใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใญ๏ผŸ
104:14
That's that's like saying that's it.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใงใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
104:16
So how's your kid Nipper?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅญไพ›ใฎใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
104:19
Nipper.
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ใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใ€‚
104:20
Ban child which is the formal use.
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ๆญฃๅผใชไฝฟ็”จใงใ‚ใ‚‹็ฆๆญขๅญไพ›ใ€‚
104:24
So most people will say child or as Steve just said, as you just said.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไบบใฏใ€ๅญไพ›ใ ใจใ‹ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒไปŠ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใจ ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
104:28
So kid Kids, How are your kids?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
104:30
That's a slang word for children. Yes.
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ๅญไพ›ๅ‘ใ‘ใฎไฟ—่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
104:33
So another one is Kitty Wink, wink.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฏใ‚ญใƒ†ใ‚ฃ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
104:37
Hello, Kitty winks.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฏใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
104:39
Hi, Kitty winks.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒ†ใ‚ฃใฏใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
104:41
Maybe if you're talking to a group of young children,
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅนผใ„ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŒใ„ใ‚‹
104:45
maybe you are going into a class or a school where there are lots of young children.
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ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚„ๅญฆๆ กใซ้€šใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
104:50
Hi, Kitty. Winks.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
104:53
You are saying hello to the children.
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ๅญใฉใ‚‚ใŸใกใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
104:54
It's a great expression.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่กจ็พใงใ™ใญใ€‚
104:56
It is informal.
1668
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้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ™ใ€‚
104:59
Also another one.
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ใ‚ใจใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ€‚
105:00
I like this.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
105:01
Lots, lots of parents will refer to their children
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ๅคšใใฎ่ฆชใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๅญไพ›ใ‚’
105:04
as ankle biters.
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่ถณ้ฆ–ใ‚’ๅ™›ใ‚€ไบบใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
105:07
I love that one. That's great.
1673
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็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
105:08
I've never heard of that.
1674
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ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒซใ‚ฏ
105:09
Mr. Silk, where have you been, Steve?
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ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใ„ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
105:12
Never heard in the whole of my life.
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ไบบ็”Ÿใงไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
105:15
I've never heard that expression before.
1677
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ใใฎ่กจ็พใฏไปŠใพใง่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
105:17
You've never heard of ankle biter?
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ใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ฏใƒซใƒใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
105:20
Nope. No. Okay,
1679
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
105:23
There's another one.
1680
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567
105:23
Curtain crawler as well.
1681
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒฉใƒผใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใ€‚
105:25
Another one curtain crawler.
1682
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ใ‚‚ใ†1ๅฐใฎใ‚ซใƒผใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒฉใƒผใ€‚
105:28
Because apparently children like to hold onto the curtains
1683
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใฏ ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ†ใƒณใซใคใ‹ใพใฃใฆ
105:31
and try to climb up the sink, crawl or curtain climber.
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ใ€ๆตใ—ๅฐใซ็™ปใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ†ใƒณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒžใƒผใซ็™ปใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
105:36
But ankle biter is great because you could imagine a child going around
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ขใƒณใ‚ฏใƒซใƒใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅญไพ›ใŒๆญฉใๅ›žใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
105:41
and they are they're not very tall and they normally get up to all sorts of mischief.
1686
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ ใ€้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ„ใŸใšใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
105:48
They will do bad things.
1687
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
105:51
Maybe they will bite the ankles of their parents.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰่ฆชใฎ่ถณ้ฆ–ใ‚’ๅ™›ใ‚€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
105:55
So an ankle biter is a firm expression for a child.
1689
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ถณ้ฆ–ใ‚’ๅ™›ใ‚€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๅญไพ›ใซใจใฃใฆใฏๅŽณใ—ใ„่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
106:01
Spragg is another one.
1690
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ใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚ฐใฏใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
106:03
Steve, you must have heard of that one.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚
106:06
yes. Prog.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฌใ€‚
106:07
That's a sort of disingenuous way to describe a child.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆๅ†™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎไธ่ช ๅฎŸใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
106:12
I would say that as is your next one as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆฌกใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใ‚„ใ‚ฌใ‚ญใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€
106:17
You can say Kid and Nipper
1695
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ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ‰ใจใƒ‹ใƒƒใƒ‘ใƒผใฏ
106:22
are sort of fairly neutral ways of describing a child
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ๅญไพ›ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธญ็ซ‹็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
106:28
if you start using words like frog and brat.
1697
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ใ€‚
106:32
Yeah, what a brat.
1698
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใชใ‚“ใฆใ‚ฌใ‚ญใ ใ€‚
106:34
Well, we'll come onto that one, but especially because
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใปใฉ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€็‰นใซ
106:38
Strong
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106:38
Sprung is informal, but also it might mean baby as well.
1701
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Strong
Sprung ใฏ ้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
106:42
Or you might be asking someone if they have any children.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๅฐ‹ใญใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
106:46
So do you have any sprouts?
1703
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆ–ฐ่Šฝใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
106:49
But do you have do you have any sprigs?
1704
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฐๆžใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
106:51
How many sprigs If you got they might just be offspring,
1705
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ๅฐๆžใ‚’ไฝ•ๆœฌๆ‰‹ใซ ๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ๅญๅญซใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
106:56
children and yes, you'd be safer with kids
1706
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ใฏใ„ใ€
106:59
if you use the words sprung a DG refers.
1707
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DG ใŒ่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œ่Šฝ็”ŸใˆใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸๆ–นใŒใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฎ‰ๅ…จใงใ™ใ€‚
107:03
It's a bit of a almost an insult.
1708
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ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸไพฎ่พฑใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
107:08
Are you sprigs?
1709
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฐๆžใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
107:11
You know, it's almost an insult.
1710
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉไพฎ่พฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชๅˆ†
107:14
You're not really showing
1711
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107:15
very much respect to the parent if you just if you refer to their children as sprung.
1712
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ใฎๅญไพ›ใ‚’ใ€Œใฐใญใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ€่ฆชใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
107:20
It's quite dismissive.
1713
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
107:21
Yes, it's very dismissive, not showing very much respect as if you use the next word, Brat.
1714
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ปฝ่”‘็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆฌกใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€ŒBratใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
107:27
The next one is brilliant, isn't it?
1715
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ๆฌกใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
107:28
Now, we've all seen we've all been
1716
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€
107:32
in situations where we've had to deal with a little brat.
1717
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ๅฐใ•ใชใ‚ฌใ‚ญใซๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็Šถๆณใซ้™ฅใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็ง
107:38
I remember the time we
1718
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ใŸใกใŒใƒˆใƒซใ‚ณใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹
107:40
went to Turkey Steve, we went to a place
1719
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ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
107:43
and the reason why we went there is because it said no children.
1720
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ใชใœใใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ใใ“ใซใฏ ๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
107:46
There are no children guaranteed at this particular place
1721
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107:51
because we want to go there and have peace and quiet and not have screaming children around us.
1722
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ“ใซ่กŒใฃใฆๅนณๅ’Œใง้™ใ‹ใง ใ€ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใงๅซใถๅญไพ›ใŸใกใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใฏๅญไพ›ใŒไฟ่จผใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
107:55
And we got there and there was one family and they they had with them
1723
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใŒใใ“ใซ็€ใ ใจใ€ไธ€ๅฎถๆ—ใŒใ„ใฆใ€
108:01
their little kid, a girl.
1724
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ๅฐใ•ใชๅญไพ›ใ€ๅฅณใฎๅญใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
108:05
And she was a little brat.
1725
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ‚ฌใ‚ญใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
108:08
She kept trying to get attention by,
1726
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€
108:10
making lots of noise and doing all sorts of things.
1727
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“้จ’ใ„ใ ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ“ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
108:13
She she wanted to be the centre of attention because I think
1728
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆณจ็›ฎใฎ็š„ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€
108:17
her parents spoilt her.
1729
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ไธก่ฆชใŒๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
108:20
They gave her everything she wanted, so she loved the attention
1730
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒๆœ›ใ‚€ใ‚‚ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใฎใงใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆณจ็›ฎใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใง
108:25
and she was a real rest.
1731
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ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไผ‘ๆฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
108:28
So that means normally we the word brat
1732
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฌใ‚ญใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€
108:31
to mean a spoilt child or maybe a child
1733
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็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญไพ›ใ€ใพใŸใฏ
108:35
who always expects everything to be given to them misbehaving.
1734
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ๅธธใซใ™ในใฆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆ ่กŒๅ„€ใฎๆ‚ชใ„ๅญไพ›ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
108:39
A misbehaving child, particularly in public where there's other people around.
1735
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็‰นใซไป–ใฎไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑใฎๅ ดใงใ€่กŒๅ„€ใฎๆ‚ชใ„ๅญไพ› ใ€‚
108:44
I do remember that I was I was terrible.
1736
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็งใฏใฒใฉใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
108:47
That kid really did deserve a little.
1737
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ใ‚ใฎๅญใซใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
108:51
Yes, because she was so naughty.
1738
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใŸใšใ‚‰ใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
108:53
She did bringing the cutlery together.
1739
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ‚ซใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใƒผใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
108:56
She did it on purpose. Yes.
1740
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•…ๆ„ใซใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
108:57
She was doing Jews seeking.
1741
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒฆใƒ€ใƒคไบบๆŽขใ—ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
109:00
And her father wouldn't wouldn't, wouldn't stop her doing it
1742
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ็ˆถ่ฆชใฏใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆญขใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
109:03
because he knew if he did, she would start screaming and shouting.
1743
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๅซใณๅฃฐใ‚’ไธŠใ’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
109:07
Yes, there was spoilt child.
1744
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ใฏใ„ใ€็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆ่‚ฒใฃใŸๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
109:08
In fact, Steve, I would go one step further and say they were encouraging her to do it.
1745
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€็งใฏใ•ใ‚‰ใซไธ€ๆญฉ้€ฒใ‚“ใง ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฝผๅฅณใซใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๅฅจๅŠฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
109:14
Some parents do do that.
1746
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹่ฆชใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
109:15
They encourage their children to be just rude, just rudely.
1747
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅญไพ›ใŸใกใซใ€ใŸใ ๅคฑ็คผใชใ ใ‘ใ€ ใŸใ ๅคฑ็คผใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹งใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
109:19
Is I word this ruling now unruly, unruly
1748
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็งใŒไปŠใ“ใฎๅˆคๆฑบใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ€
109:23
or disruptive, disruptive or unruly because they like the attention themselves
1749
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109:29
just as when people go out to restaurants and take their dogs with them,
1750
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ‚Š ใ€็Šฌใ‚„่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚„ใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้€ฃใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰่‡ช่บซใŒๆณจ็›ฎใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ‰‹ใซ่ฒ ใˆใชใ„ใ€ๆ‰‹ใซ่ฒ ใˆใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็ ดๅฃŠ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€็ ดๅฃŠ็š„ใพใŸใฏๆ‰‹ใซ่ฒ ใˆใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
109:33
they or their pets.
1751
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2503
109:36
And in fact, I had they want the attention.
1752
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2986
ใใ—ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆณจ็›ฎใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
109:39
Somebody the other day went on a train journey.
1753
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ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใŒ้›ป่ปŠๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
109:42
A colleague of mine was going to a work meeting,
1754
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3170
็งใฎๅŒๅƒšใŒไป•ไบ‹ใฎไผš่ญฐใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ€
109:46
a two hour train journey, and he sat down
1755
6586193
3620
้›ป่ปŠใง2ๆ™‚้–“ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
109:49
and was horrified to see that the lady opposite had two cats with her
1756
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3337
ๅ‘ใ‹ใ„ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใŒ2ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ
109:53
on the train, which I didn't think was allowed, but,
1757
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4388
้›ป่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆๆ„•็„ถใจใ—ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏ่จฑใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
109:58
you know, proceeded to pretty much ruin.
1758
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4054
ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎ็ ดๆป…ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
110:02
I didn't think you could take cats.
1759
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2569
็Œซใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
110:04
You can take animals on a train.
1760
6604695
1868
ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’้›ป่ปŠใซไน—ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
110:06
Yeah, but I didn't think you could sit opposite other people with animals.
1761
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3120
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใงใ‚‚ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆไป–ใฎไบบใจๅ‘ใ‹ใ„ๅˆใฃใฆๅบงใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใ€‚
110:09
But I think, well,
1762
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1769
ใงใ‚‚ใ€
110:12
when I used to commute a lot, there was always dogs.
1763
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3236
็งใŒใ‚ˆใ้€šๅ‹คใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ้ ƒใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚็ŠฌใŒใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
110:15
There would always be a dog somewhere on the train, normally
1764
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3053
้›ป่ปŠใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใซใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚็ŠฌใŒใ„ใฆใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ ใฏ
110:18
making lots of noise or just just annoyed because it had to stay on the train.
1765
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4321
ๅคง้จ’ใŽใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚Šโ€‹โ€‹ใ€ ้›ป่ปŠใซ็•™ใพใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใซใŸใ ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚Šโ€‹โ€‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
110:23
It didn't want to.
1766
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1301
ใใ‚Œใฏใ—ใŸใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
110:24
So so I don't I don't know.
1767
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1468
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใซใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
110:26
I don't I don't think there was a rule bringing animals onto a train.
1768
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3954
้›ป่ปŠใซๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œ่พผใ‚€ใจใ„ใ†่ฆๅ‰‡ใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
110:30
Especially, of course, if you're blind, you might have a guide dog.
1769
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5105
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็›ฎใฎ ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ„ไบบใซใฏ็›ฒๅฐŽ็ŠฌใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
110:35
Yes, well, maybe a guide cat, maybe, maybe that's a real thing nowadays.
1770
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4137
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰็›ฒๅฐŽ็Œซใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใŸใ‚‰ไปŠใงใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ็พๅฎŸใชใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
110:39
Maybe we have guide cats that can take you along
1771
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3420
ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹็›ฒๅฐŽ็ŒซใŒใ„ใฆ
110:43
and you just follow the sound of their purring.
1772
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ดใƒญใ‚ดใƒญ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝใ†ใ ใ‘ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
110:47
I guess a spoilt brat says Louis, is
1773
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3470
็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆ่‚ฒใฃใŸใ‚ฌใ‚ญใŒใƒซใ‚คใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆ่‚ฒใฃใŸใ‚ฌใ‚ญใ‚’
110:51
we all know what a spoilt brat is when we see one.
1774
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3104
่ฆ‹ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€็”˜ใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆ่‚ฒใฃใŸใ‚ฌใ‚ญใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
110:54
Yes, it's an attention child.
1775
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3137
ใฏใ„ใ€ๆณจ็›ฎใฎๅญใงใ™ใ€‚
110:58
It disrupts everything and everyone around them.
1776
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2636
ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
111:00
They are the worst. Here we go. Steve.
1777
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1918
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœ€ๆ‚ชใ ใ€‚ ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€‚
111:02
Informal English can change the form of a word, but not the meaning
1778
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4455
ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฝขๅผใฏๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€
111:07
so quite often we will change the word the way we say it.
1779
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5923
ๅ˜่ชžใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
111:13
Or maybe there will be a different pronunciation
1780
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3120
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹็™บ้ŸณใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ—
111:17
and quite often a different spelling as well.
1781
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2786
ใ€ใพใŸใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใ‚‚ๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
111:19
So here are some examples of that.
1782
6679819
2703
ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
111:22
Coulda, coulda.
1783
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2452
ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
111:24
We often hear this in song.
1784
6684974
2803
ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆญŒใงใ‚ˆใ่žใใพใ™ใ€‚
111:27
Coulda, shoulda, woulda, coulda could have.
1785
6687777
4254
ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใ™ในใใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
111:32
So when a person says I could have, I could have been someone
1786
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3070
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€็งใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸ ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—
111:36
I could have, I could have been a successful life streamer.
1787
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4871
ใ€ ไบบ็”ŸใฎๆˆๅŠŸ่€…ใซใชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
111:41
I could have been a big Internet influencer.
1788
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3336
็งใฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใฎๅคงใใชใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒซใ‚จใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
111:44
I could I could have or of course, should have.
1789
6704577
4321
็งใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใ™ในใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
111:50
I should have.
1790
6710216
1018
็งใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
111:51
I should have been more caring.
1791
6711234
2269
ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฐ—ใ‚’้ฃใ†ในใใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
111:53
I should be more, say, more money should have,
1792
6713503
3854
็งใฏใ‚‚ใฃโ€‹โ€‹ใจใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹
111:57
should have, should have,
1793
6717957
2986
ในใใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€
112:00
should have.
1794
6720943
1535
ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
112:02
Coulda could have.
1795
6722478
2620
ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
112:05
Yes, of course we have. Woulda.
1796
6725098
2118
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
112:07
We've got to go through these quite quickly, I'm afraid, because we are four,
1797
6727216
3687
็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
112:10
3 minutes away from the end. Yes, it's going fast.
1798
6730970
3270
็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใงใ‚ใจ 4ใ€3 ๅˆ†ใชใฎใงใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ—ฉใๅ‡ฆ็†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€้€Ÿใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฃใจ
112:14
Woulda would have I would have
1799
6734624
3270
112:18
I woulda higher is another one.
1800
6738227
3003
้ซ˜ใ„ใฎใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
112:21
Yes, higher.
1801
6741314
1268
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
112:22
Yeah.
1802
6742582
250
112:22
My parents my parents used to hate that phrase. Hi.
1803
6742832
3553
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
็งใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅคงๅซŒใ„ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
112:27
Hello. Hello there. Hi.
1804
6747954
1801
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
112:29
Yeah, I used to hate that.
1805
6749755
2119
ใใ†ใ ใ€ๆ˜”ใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใฃใŸใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
112:31
Here we go. Another one. Gonna.
1806
6751874
2519
ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ€‚ ใใ†ใ ใญใ€‚
112:34
I'm going to.
1807
6754393
1986
็งใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€‚
112:36
I'm going to write a letter to my friend.
1808
6756379
2585
ๅ‹้”ใซๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
112:38
I'm going to. I'm going to see you tomorrow.
1809
6758964
2903
็งใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€‚ ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅไผšใ„ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่กŒใฃใฆใใพใ™
112:41
I'm going to going to go.
1810
6761867
2937
ใ€‚
112:44
Then I'm going to.
1811
6764804
1234
ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
112:46
I'm going to see you tomorrow.
1812
6766038
1318
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅไผšใ„ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
112:47
I'm going to.
1813
6767356
701
็งใฏใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€‚
112:48
I'm going to see you on Wednesday on the live chat.
1814
6768057
2986
ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไผšใ„
112:51
Want to I want to I want to see you tomorrow.
1815
6771327
3270
ใŸใ„ใ€ไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใ€‚
112:55
I want to see you on Wednesday.
1816
6775047
1735
ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซไผšใ„ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
112:56
I want a glass of milk.
1817
6776782
1168
็‰›ไนณใŒไธ€ๆฏๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
112:57
Yes, I want to of course.
1818
6777950
3353
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
113:01
What these are is just easy ways of saying things.
1819
6781303
4355
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ˜ใซ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใ™ใŽใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
113:05
It's a shortcut.
1820
6785658
1835
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใƒˆใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
113:07
It's it's much harder to say.
1821
6787493
2702
่จ€ใ†ใฎใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
113:10
I want to go to the shops.
1822
6790195
1919
ใŠๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŠ
113:12
I want to go to the shops is much easier.
1823
6792114
2369
ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใฎใŒใšใฃใจๆฅฝใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
113:14
Some people might say it's lazy, lazy, lazy English.
1824
6794483
3470
ๆ€ ๆƒฐใ€ๆ€ ๆƒฐใ€ๆ€ ๆƒฐใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
113:17
Yeah, but this has crept into a lot of types of ways of speaking English at the moment.
1825
6797953
6723
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใงใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใซๆตธ้€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
113:24
You will often hear now there is a type of London
1826
6804693
3287
็พๅœจใงใฏใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใฎไธ€็จฎใฎใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ€
113:28
speech of the English accent
1827
6808514
3486
113:32
or an English accent, which has it's kind of derived
1828
6812000
4622
ใพใŸใฏใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆดพ็”Ÿใ—ใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™
113:36
from the London accent, but it's also
1829
6816955
3003
ใŒใ€
113:40
it also contains other elements as well.
1830
6820425
3003
ไป–ใฎ่ฆ็ด ใ‚‚ๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
113:43
So maybe from street culture as well.
1831
6823845
2736
ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒˆใ‚ซใƒซใƒใƒฃใƒผใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใญใ€‚
113:46
So the modern way of using English has changed a lot, especially with young people.
1832
6826581
5222
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็พไปฃใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใฏใ€ ็‰นใซ่‹ฅ่€…ใฎ้–“ใงๅคงใใๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
113:52
I'm not criticising because English always changes.
1833
6832220
4171
่‹ฑ่ชžใฏๅธธใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
113:56
Yeah, during my life there have been many new English words
1834
6836425
4888
ใใ†ใ€็งใฎไบบ็”Ÿใซใฏใ€ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€
114:01
English slang, English ways
1835
6841313
3870
่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚นใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฐใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ
114:05
of pronouncing words or using words.
1836
6845450
3120
ๅ˜่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚„ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
114:08
So it's always evolving.
1837
6848570
2152
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅธธใซ้€ฒๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
114:10
And that's the reason why I like English so much.
1838
6850722
2803
ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใช็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
114:13
Inaki makes a good point here very quickly.
1839
6853525
2069
Inaki ใฏใ“ใ“ใงใ™ใใซ่‰ฏใ„็‚นใ‚’ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
114:15
Are these abbreviations used in written English?
1840
6855594
2869
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็•ฅ่ชžใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ›ธใ่จ€่‘‰ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹?
114:18
No, they might in in a text message.
1841
6858463
3420
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆ ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใง้€ไฟกใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
114:21
Yes, you might not.
1842
6861883
1902
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
114:23
Not in formal English, but very relaxed, everyday English.
1843
6863785
5072
ๅ …่‹ฆใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใŸๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใช่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
114:28
So you might use them, as Steve says in a SMS messages.
1844
6868857
3687
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใŒ SMS ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใง่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
114:32
Text messages.
1845
6872744
1151
ใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ€‚
114:33
Gotcha. Is it that Christina says got I got to go to?
1846
6873895
3237
ใ‚ฌใƒƒใƒใƒฃใ€‚ ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒŠใŒ็งใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
114:37
Yeah. There's nothing good in a rap song
1847
6877165
2102
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚บ็”ฑๆฅใฎใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ฝใƒณใ‚ฐใซ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
114:40
that's probably derived from American Aziz.
1848
6880635
3537
ใ€‚
114:44
Aziz says that we do have these colloquialisms
1849
6884172
3487
ใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚บๆฐใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ–่ซธๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ–่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸๅฃ่ชž่กจ็พใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™
114:47
in Arab English in Arab countries as well.
1850
6887659
3003
ใ€‚
114:50
Most in Arab countries has its colloquial language beside the formal Arabic.
1851
6890895
4872
ใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ–่ซธๅ›ฝใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใงใฏใ€ๆญฃๅผใชใ‚ขใƒฉใƒ“ใ‚ข่ชžใฎใปใ‹ใซๅฃ่ชž็š„ใช่จ€่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
114:55
So yeah, it's good to know that other countries do have this as well.
1852
6895767
3870
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ ไป–ใฎๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใฎใ“ใจใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
114:59
Yes, it also means thanks for that.
1853
6899637
2369
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„Ÿ่ฌใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
115:02
Well, I know from my experiences of living in China
1854
6902006
2953
ไธญๅ›ฝใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
115:04
that there are regional accents
1855
6904959
2770
ๅœฐๅŸŸ็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
115:07
and and that used to happen in China
1856
6907729
3686
ใ€ใ‹ใคใฆไธญๅ›ฝใงใฏ
115:11
where people would look down on certain accents.
1857
6911415
3637
ไบบใ€…ใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ปฝ่”‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
115:15
So maybe people who lived in the countryside or rural areas
1858
6915386
4071
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็”ฐ่ˆŽใ‚„็”ฐ่ˆŽใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€
115:19
their way of speaking Chinese
1859
6919874
2953
ไธญๅ›ฝ่ชžใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–น
115:22
or the way they use certain words was different
1860
6922827
2986
ใ‚„่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒ้•ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€
115:26
and other people would make fun of of those particular
1861
6926113
4755
ใใฎไบบใŸใกใ‚’ใ€Œๆ•™้คŠ
115:31
they would say that they were uneducated or a little a little stupid.
1862
6931252
4554
ใŒใชใ„ใ€ ใ€Œใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใƒใ‚ซใ€ใจๆถๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
115:35
But of course the reality was much different.
1863
6935956
3003
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็พๅฎŸใฏๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
115:39
So we even in China, it happened.
1864
6939377
2852
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกไธญๅ›ฝใงใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
115:42
And offensive words quite often offensive words
1865
6942229
4855
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใช่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€
115:47
can still be used in colloquial languages
1866
6947752
3837
ๅฃ่ชžใ‚„็พๅœฐใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใ‚‚ไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ
115:51
or local languages because they don't realise they might not even realise that those words
1867
6951589
5255
็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ•ใˆๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
115:56
are now offensive.
1868
6956844
1702
ใ€‚
115:58
So when we're talking about race for example, you might find certain words.
1869
6958546
4888
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไบบ็จฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
116:05
I'm not saying any of the words,
1870
6965419
2252
็งใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
116:07
but you might go to certain parts of this country and still hear certain words used.
1871
6967671
5856
ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ›ฝใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใซ่กŒใใจ ใ€ไปŠใงใ‚‚็‰นๅฎšใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
116:13
I suppose one of them would be I don't think I don't think this is wrong.
1872
6973527
3871
ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ใ€Œ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏๆ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
116:17
If I say this, even though a lot of people find out,
1873
6977398
3353
ใ“ใ‚“ใชใ“ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅคšใใฎไบบใซใƒใƒฌใ‚‹ใ‘ใฉใ€
116:21
we'll soon find out if I suddenly disappear.
1874
6981285
3003
็ช็„ถใ„ใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใใƒใƒฌใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
116:24
You'll know why
1875
6984855
2069
ใชใœๆœ‰่‰ฒไบบ็จฎใชใฎใ‹ใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
116:26
coloured
1876
6986924
1801
116:28
you will often travel around the country and you still hear
1877
6988725
2853
ใ‚ˆใๅ›ฝไธญใ‚’ๆ—…่กŒใ—ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๆœชใ ใซ
116:31
people talk about anyone who is not white as coloured.
1878
6991578
5005
ๆœ‰่‰ฒไบบ็จฎใจใ—ใฆ็™ฝไบบใงใฏใชใ„ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆไบบใ€…ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
116:37
And it doesn't mean that they're being necessarily racist,
1879
6997467
3804
ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ไบบ็จฎๅทฎๅˆฅ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใชใใ€ๅ˜ใซใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็”จ่ชžใŒ
116:41
but it's just that that local
1880
7001872
2602
ใใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
116:44
way of using that particular term.
1881
7004474
3003
ใ€‚
116:47
And I think that is the only one I can use to be honest, without getting disconnected.
1882
7007577
5089
ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ๅˆ‡ๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใšใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
116:53
Yeah, my, my, my parents used to use that phrase to describe,
1883
7013116
3904
ใใ†ใ€็งใฎใ€็งใฎใ€ ็งใฎไธก่ฆชใฏใ€
116:57
let's say, darker skinned people, any non-white, non-white.
1884
7017587
3787
ใŸใจใˆใฐ่‚Œใฎ่‰ฒใŒๆฟƒใ„ไบบใ€ ใคใพใ‚Š็™ฝไบบไปฅๅค–ใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
117:01
But of course, we know now that that actually is offensive to non-white people.
1885
7021491
4855
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ้ž็™ฝไบบใซใจใฃใฆไธๅฟซใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏไปŠใงใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
117:06
But to us to to a British
1886
7026346
3520
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ
117:09
white person, certainly my mother, for example, coloured
1887
7029866
4021
็™ฝไบบใซใจใฃใฆใ€ ็ขบใ‹ใซ็งใฎๆฏใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒฉใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใฏใ€ใจใซใ‹ใใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†
117:13
seemed like a nice way of saying anyway, you know, you wouldn't use
1888
7033887
5906
่‰ฏใ„่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
117:20
it, but it wasn't offensive.
1889
7040794
1818
ใใ‚Œใฏๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
117:22
Just felt to to, you know, if it felt less offensive to use that word.
1890
7042612
5706
ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใปใ†ใŒไธๅฟซใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
117:28
We know it is offensive, but to us it felt
1891
7048318
2986
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ
117:31
less offensive, use it and it certainly wasn't meant anyway.
1892
7051438
3687
ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆๆ„ๅ›ณใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
117:35
The point the point I'm making is sometimes offensive.
1893
7055475
2436
็งใŒไธปๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็‚นใฏใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ไธๅฟซใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
117:37
Words could might be used colloquially, but not necessarily in an offensive way.
1894
7057911
5455
่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅฃ่ชž็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
117:43
Yeah, just that that is a game.
1895
7063366
2202
ใใ†ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
117:45
Very it's it's very delicate.
1896
7065568
2536
ใจใฆใ‚‚็นŠ็ดฐใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
117:48
Language is delicate.
1897
7068104
1752
่จ€่‘‰ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏ็นŠ็ดฐใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
117:49
It is like a little flower growing,
1898
7069856
2986
ๅฐใ•ใช่ŠฑใŒๅ’ฒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
117:52
but it doesn't really know where it is growing.
1899
7072842
2553
ใŒใ€ใฉใ“ใซๅ’ฒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
117:55
It is just growing wherever it can.
1900
7075395
3003
ๅฏ่ƒฝใช้™ใ‚Šใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
117:58
And language is very similar to that.
1901
7078514
2953
ใใ—ใฆ่จ€่ชžใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
118:01
So it doesn't necessarily mean that something is being said out of spite or hate.
1902
7081467
4755
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ ๆ‚ชๆ„ใ‚„ๆ†Žใ—ใฟใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
118:06
It might just exist as that particular word,
1903
7086472
4672
ใใ‚Œใฏใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใ—ใฆๅ˜ใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
118:12
but not always.
1904
7092478
1585
ใŒใ€ๅธธใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
118:14
Of course, I'm not excusing the use of any bad words at all.
1905
7094063
5939
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๆฑšใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ไธ€ๅˆ‡่จฑใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
118:20
And finally, Steve, finally, the root of all
1906
7100002
4221
ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
118:24
in formal English derives from the established language.
1907
7104223
4455
ๆญฃๅผใช่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆ นๆบใฏ ็ขบ็ซ‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ่จ€่ชžใซ็”ฑๆฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
118:29
So when we talk about English as the root, there is only one English,
1908
7109095
4638
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใƒซใƒผใƒˆใจใ—ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใ€
118:34
only one English language.
1909
7114133
3570
่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ 1 ใคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
118:37
Not to be confused when we talk about American English, that is also
1910
7117703
4588
ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซๆททไนฑใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
118:43
a slight variation on that one
1911
7123342
2853
ใใฎ 1 ใคใฎ
118:46
root, that one English language.
1912
7126195
3170
ใƒซใƒผใƒˆใ€ใคใพใ‚Š 1 ใคใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ใšใ‹ใชใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
118:49
I know I always get into trouble.
1913
7129365
1685
็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
118:51
A lot of people disagree with me, but they're wrong, basically.
1914
7131050
4020
ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็งใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
118:55
Yes. Yes. Valentine You're correct.
1915
7135337
2286
ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒใƒฌใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณ ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
118:57
You are correct in what?
1916
7137623
1168
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆๆญฃใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
118:58
I know what you're saying. They're intelligent and. You're right.
1917
7138791
2636
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็Ÿฅ็š„ใงใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
119:01
But for my mother to use that word felt wrong to her
1918
7141427
4020
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆฏใŒใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใซใจใฃใฆใ‚‚้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ—
119:06
as it does to and it still feels funny to me.
1919
7146048
3220
ใ€็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚ใŠใ‹ใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
119:09
She said it as well.
1920
7149268
1018
ๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ใใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
119:10
She said it even though it was wrong.
1921
7150286
1851
ใŸใจใˆใใ‚ŒใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
119:12
She felt wrong doing it. Yes. Well, if for example.
1922
7152137
3454
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€‚
119:15
Well, if you feel wrong saying something, why would you say it?
1923
7155841
3287
ใ•ใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใŒ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
119:19
No, I meant for my mother to say coloured.
1924
7159611
3003
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏๆฏใซใ€Œ่‰ฒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
119:22
describe a black.
1925
7162848
1018
้ป’ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
119:23
Keep saying it so we don't have to keep saying it now. I know.
1926
7163866
2936
ไปŠใ•ใ‚‰่จ€ใ„็ถšใ‘ใชใใฆใ‚‚ๆธˆใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่จ€ใ„็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
119:26
But that felt
1927
7166802
1568
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎไธ–ไปฃใฎ
119:29
my mother
1928
7169338
734
119:30
would felt very uncomfortable, as would a lot of people of that generation to use the word black.
1929
7170072
5505
ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ้ป’ไบบใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆฏใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’้žๅธธใซไธๅฟซใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
119:35
Okay.
1930
7175777
551
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
119:36
But we know that, you know, it's just I'm a white person.
1931
7176328
3787
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒ็™ฝไบบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
119:40
Nothing offensive in that.
1932
7180365
1602
ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
119:41
Okay, Steve, you've got to please stop speaking now.
1933
7181967
2819
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†่ฉฑใ™ใฎใฏใ‚„ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ€
119:44
I'm just this is this is true. I'm not offending anybody.
1934
7184786
3204
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ่ชฐใ‚‚ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅฎณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
119:47
No, I'm not saying you are offending anyone's hope.
1935
7187990
2369
ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใฎๅธŒๆœ›ใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
119:50
I'm not just about to literally leave.
1936
7190359
2585
ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚ŠใซๅŽปใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
119:52
And now we've just opened a giant can of worms by.
1937
7192944
3604
ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฎๅทจๅคงใช็ผถใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
119:56
But I think it's a can of worms. It's fine. Anyway. But.
1938
7196548
3170
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่™ซใฎ็ผถ่ฉฐใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€‚
119:59
But it is true.
1939
7199718
1118
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
120:00
Sometimes you have to be careful what you say in other places.
1940
7200836
2986
ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ ไป–ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใฎ็™บ่จ€ใซๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
120:03
It might not be offensive.
1941
7203822
1385
ๆ”ปๆ’ƒ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
120:05
In others it might be.
1942
7205207
3003
ไป–ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
120:08
And of course it also on your age as well. Yes.
1943
7208276
5039
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅนด้ฝขใซใ‚‚้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
120:13
So if you're if you are over 60 or 70, your
1944
7213315
3920
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ 60 ๆญณใ‹ 70 ๆญณใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
120:17
your use of language might be a little bit more fruity.
1945
7217235
4021
่จ€่‘‰ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅฎŸใ‚Šใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
120:21
Let's just say yes.
1946
7221590
1651
ใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
120:23
Anyway, it's time to go.
1947
7223241
1852
ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ๅ‡บ็™บใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
120:25
Steve, go.
1948
7225093
2219
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
120:27
sorry. I'm just saying time to go. okay.
1949
7227312
2586
ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉๅ‡บ็™บใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚้–“ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
120:32
We we've reached the end of today's live stream.
1950
7232183
3904
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซ้”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
120:36
Have you been nice and comfortable, Steve, In your comfortable corner?
1951
7236287
2920
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฟซ้ฉใชใ‚ณใƒผใƒŠใƒผใง้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
120:39
I have.
1952
7239207
417
120:39
I must say, Mr.
1953
7239624
634
็งใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
120:40
Duncan, I haven't pointed the new device that you've.
1954
7240258
4688
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ‡ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ•ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
120:44
You've you've purchased here.
1955
7244963
1251
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ“ใง่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
120:46
I don't know if people can see that or.
1956
7246214
1501
ไบบใ€…ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
120:47
Well, I'm hoping they can't.
1957
7247715
1652
ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
120:49
They can't.
1958
7249367
567
120:49
It's a little it's a little special device that holds
1959
7249934
3604
ใใ‚Œใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้ฆ–ใซ่ฒ ๆ‹…ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใšใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
120:53
the the laptop in the perfect angle for me
1960
7253538
3670
ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ๅฎŒ็’งใช่ง’ๅบฆใซไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฐ‘ใ—็‰นๆฎŠใชใƒ‡ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™
120:57
to be able to look at the live stream without having to strain my neck.
1961
7257208
4004
ใ€‚
121:01
So what I've got to say, I do have to strain to look at the screen.
1962
7261396
2652
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ็”ป้ขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
121:04
It's an iPad and iPod.
1963
7264048
2019
iPadใจiPodใงใ™ใ€‚
121:06
Did I call it laptop and iPod?
1964
7266067
2419
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใจiPodใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
121:08
Yes, that's it.
1965
7268486
1335
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
121:09
It's just stand basically.
1966
7269821
1785
ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใŸใ ็ซ‹ใคใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
121:11
Yes, it's it's a stand that comes across.
1967
7271606
2369
ใใ†ใ€็›ฎใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
121:13
It allows me to very comfortably. Yes.
1968
7273975
2419
ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟซ้ฉใซ้Žใ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
121:16
Observe the comments on that.
1969
7276394
2252
ใใ‚Œใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
121:18
I you know, I went to so trouble to make sure no one could see that.
1970
7278646
3987
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€็งใฏ ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ชฐใซใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
121:22
And you've just literally explained it in so much detail.
1971
7282784
3069
ใใ—ใฆๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
121:25
Well, I'm just saying I'm just pointing out that you did a good thing that Mr.
1972
7285887
3653
ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณ ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
121:29
Duncan. I did help helping.
1973
7289557
1718
ใ€‚ ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
121:31
I don't want people to see it, but I'm not saying they can say I'm just.
1974
7291275
3754
ไบบใซใฏ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใใชใ„ ใ‘ใฉใ€ๆญฃ็พฉใ ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใชใ„ใ€‚
121:36
Let's go. Mr.
1975
7296347
784
ใ•ใ‚่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
121:37
Duncan, No one wants to know about my equipment.
1976
7297131
3053
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚็งใฎ่ฃ…ๅ‚™ใซใคใ„ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
121:40
No, you're always talking about your equipment.
1977
7300935
3003
ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆฉŸๆใฎ่ฉฑใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ‚‹ใญใ€‚
121:45
We're still talking about the same thing.
1978
7305473
1701
็งใŸใกใฏไปŠใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
121:47
I'm not sure a can of worms.
1979
7307174
1652
ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฎ็ผถ่ฉฐใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
121:48
Yes, Inaki, that's a good phrase.
1980
7308826
1618
ใฏใ„ใ€็จฒๆœจใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ„ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
121:50
Yes, a can of worms is when you talk about something
1981
7310444
3220
ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ็ผถใจใฏใ€
121:53
that has lots of implications and and maybe many effects.
1982
7313664
4822
ๅคšใใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅŠใผใ— ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅคšใใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
121:58
So which is something is let out.
1983
7318753
2385
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ”พใŸใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
122:01
Imagine if you have a can and you open it and all these worms come out
1984
7321138
5606
ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็ผถใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่™ซใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆ
122:06
and you have to try and catch them one, you say one thing,
1985
7326744
3503
ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
122:10
but actually then you're opening up a box that could there
1986
7330581
4187
ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ็ฎฑใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ใใ“ใง
122:14
the discussion could go off in all sorts of usually
1987
7334802
4004
่ญฐ่ซ–ใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใฏ
122:19
conflicting and controversial ways.
1988
7339039
2903
็Ÿ›็›พใ—ใ€็‰ฉ่ญฐใ‚’้†ธใ™ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ€‚
122:21
It's not a box of worms. It's a can.
1989
7341942
2236
่™ซใฎๅ…ฅใฃใŸ็ฎฑใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็ผถใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
122:24
It's a can of worms. Yep. Of the yeah, it's
1990
7344178
2719
่™ซใฎ็ผถ่ฉฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
122:28
yeah it's it's to describe the fact
1991
7348882
2286
122:31
that a conversation could could take let's say quite a disruptive turn.
1992
7351168
4972
ไผš่ฉฑใŒ ใ‹ใชใ‚Š็ ดๅฃŠ็š„ใชๆ–นๅ‘ใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
122:36
Yeah.
1993
7356140
233
122:36
It's like if you suddenly start talking about religion or politics that's it.
1994
7356373
3937
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
็ช็„ถ ๅฎ—ๆ•™ใ‚„ๆ”ฟๆฒปใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใฟใŸใ„ใชใ€‚
122:40
And you're saying anything that is open for debate might be described
1995
7360310
4555
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€่ญฐ่ซ–ใฎไฝ™ๅœฐใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆใ€่ญฐ่ซ–ใŒ็ช็„ถ้žๅธธใซ็™ฝ็†ฑใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹่™ซใฎ็ผถใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจ ่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
122:44
as opening a can of worms where that debate could suddenly get very heated way.
1996
7364865
5322
ใ€‚
122:50
Or, as Mr.
1997
7370354
550
122:50
Steve says, a box of worms, a box of access, a can of worms.
1998
7370904
5756
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใŒ่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
ใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฎ็ฎฑใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใฎ็ฎฑใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฎ็ผถใ€‚
122:56
Yeah.
1999
7376660
233
122:56
Thank you, Steve, for being with us today.
2000
7376893
2219
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
122:59
We have enjoyed it almost.
2001
7379112
1569
ใปใผๆบ€ๅ–ซใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
123:00
And we will see you next Sunday.
2002
7380681
2819
ใใ—ใฆๆฌกใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
123:03
Next Sunday, by the way, is next month
2003
7383500
3537
ใกใชใฟใซๆฌกใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏๆฅๆœˆใ‹ใ‚‰
123:08
into March.
2004
7388772
1501
3ๆœˆใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
123:10
Already Already into March. Mr. Duncan.
2005
7390273
2887
ใ‚‚ใ†ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†๏ผ“ๆœˆใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
123:13
Yes, I know these first few months of the year always go very quickly
2006
7393160
3903
ใฏใ„ใ€ๅนดใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ•ฐใ‹ๆœˆใฏ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ—ฉใ้ŽใŽใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
123:17
don't that January February it was good but spring is on the way.
2007
7397063
3120
1ๆœˆ2ๆœˆใฏ ่‰ฏใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆ˜ฅใฏใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใใ“ใพใงๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
123:20
So there's hope.
2008
7400183
1402
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅธŒๆœ›ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
123:21
There's a rebirth.
2009
7401585
1718
ๅพฉๆดปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใซใจใฃใฆใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใฏใ€
123:23
There's there's a lovely, nice spring weather to come for us, or at least to us here in most of Europe.
2010
7403303
5639
็ด ๆ•ตใชๆ˜ฅใฎๅคฉๆฐ—ใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
123:29
So we look forward to that and I look forward to I will be here next week.
2011
7409292
5589
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
123:34
Good as far as I know.
2012
7414998
2619
็งใฎ็Ÿฅใ‚‹้™ใ‚Šใงใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
123:37
So nice to be here and hope you all learnt something today.
2013
7417617
4588
ใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
123:42
I look forward to seeing you all again next week.
2014
7422405
2136
ๆฅ้€ฑใพใŸ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
123:44
Thank you, Mr.
2015
7424541
1601
123:46
Steve, for being with us today.
2016
7426142
3520
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
123:50
And there he goes. Mr.
2017
7430864
1985
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใฏใใ“ใธ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
123:52
Steve is now leaving the building.
2018
7432849
3003
ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏไปŠๅปบ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅ‡บใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
123:56
I think we're still on.
2019
7436152
1318
ใพใ ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
123:57
Are we still on?
2020
7437470
901
ใพใ ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
123:58
Okay, good. I'm glad to hear that.
2021
7438371
3003
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใ€‚
124:01
I love it when. Mr.
2022
7441674
751
ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šๆฎตใƒœใƒผใƒซใงๅปบใฆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
124:02
Steve leaves the room because everything in here goes up and down
2023
7442425
3470
ใ“ใ“ใฎใ™ในใฆใŒไธŠใŒใฃใŸใ‚Šไธ‹ใŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฏ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ๅ‡บใพใ™
124:06
because this this studio is built
2024
7446746
2986
124:10
literally on cardboard.
2025
7450633
3003
ใ€‚
124:13
So whenever anyone moves in here,
2026
7453903
1785
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ“ใ“ใซๅผ•ใฃ่ถŠใ—ใฆใใ‚‹ใจใ€
124:15
everything goes up and down like that.
2027
7455688
2987
ใ™ในใฆใŒๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไธŠใŒใฃใŸใ‚Šไธ‹ใŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
124:18
Anyway, I'm going now.
2028
7458708
1568
ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ไปŠ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
124:20
I hope you have enjoyed today's live stream.
2029
7460276
2486
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
124:22
It has been fun, amongst other things.
2030
7462762
4855
ไฝ•ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
124:27
Other words I could use also to describe it as well.
2031
7467617
5005
ไป–ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
124:32
Thank you for being here. Thank you for joining me.
2032
7472622
2686
ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
124:35
It's been a lot of fun being with you today.
2033
7475308
4371
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
124:40
This is Mr. Duncan.
2034
7480279
1468
ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ”
124:41
Thank you for watching.
2035
7481747
1051
ๆธ…่ฆงใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
124:42
Give me a lovely like as well.
2036
7482798
2486
็ด ๆ•ตใชใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ‚‚ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
124:45
If you like this, please give me one of these.
2037
7485284
4505
ใ‚‚ใ—ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไธ€ใคใŠ่ญฒใ‚Šใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
124:50
And I might go to bed tonight with a smile on my face.
2038
7490122
4805
ใใ—ใฆไปŠๅคœใฏ็ฌ‘้ก”ใงๅฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
124:59
and of
2039
7499932
300
ใใ—ใฆ
125:00
course, until Wednesday, which is when I'm back with you.
2040
7500232
3387
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใพใงใซ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
125:04
I think it will be the final
2041
7504437
2969
125:07
live stream of February on Wednesday.
2042
7507406
4037
2ๆœˆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใซใชใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
125:11
See you then and have a good time.
2043
7511443
3003
ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
125:14
This is Mr.
2044
7514480
684
125:15
Duncan in the birthplace of English, saying Thanks for watching.
2045
7515164
3754
่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
125:19
See you soon.
2046
7519184
818
่ฟ‘ใ„ใ†ใกใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
125:20
Enjoy the rest of your Sunday and have a good week until we meet again and.
2047
7520002
5706
ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใง ใ€ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใพใง่‰ฏใ„ไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
125:25
Of course, until the next time we meet right here on YouTube.
2048
7525708
3837
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๆฌกใซใ“ใ“ YouTube ใงใŠไผšใ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใฏใ€‚
125:29
You know what's coming next?
2049
7529695
1168
ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
125:30
Yes, you do.
2050
7530863
3003
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
125:38
Stay happy and
2051
7538987
3003
125:45
ta ta for now...
2052
7545828
1084
ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใฏๅนธใ›ใงใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใฎใพใพใงใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„...
125:47
see you on Wednesday.
2053
7547729
1635
ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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