ONE GOOSE - TWO GEESE / Learn Irregular Plural Nouns - English Addict EXTRA - LIVE LESSON

3,144 views ใƒป 2023-11-09

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

02:24
It's a
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02:25
very interesting day here in England.
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
It feels like autumn is in the air.
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็ง‹ใฎๆฐ—้…ใŒๆผ‚ใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
02:33
And the big question is today, how many cars, lorries, buses
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅคงใใช็–‘ๅ•ใฏใ€็งใŒใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ ไฝ•ๅฐใฎ่ปŠใ€ใƒˆใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใƒใ‚น
02:38
and tractors will go behind me whilst I'm doing my live stream?
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ใ€ใƒˆใƒฉใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ็งใฎๅพŒใ‚ใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:45
All that revealed in a moment.
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ใ™ในใฆใฏไธ€็žฌใงๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:47
We are back together.
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็งใŸใกใฏไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠ้€ฑๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒใฎ
02:49
It is English Addict Extra for this Wednesday afternoon.
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English Addict Extraใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:59
I am and the
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็งใจ
03:04
baby between me.
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็งใฎ้–“ใซใ„ใ‚‹่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:11
We are back together again.
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ใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:14
It's very nice to see you.
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ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:15
Hello there. Hi, everybody.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:18
This is Mr. Duncan in England.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
That's me, by the way.
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ใกใชใฟใซใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใงใ™ใ€‚
03:23
How are you today? Are you okay? I hope so.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
03:27
Are you happy?
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03:27
I hope you are feeling happy today.
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ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅนธใ›ใชๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใง้Žใ”ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
03:31
I am not too bad, I have to say.
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็งใฏๆ‚ชใใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:33
I have to say right now, I'm not too bad.
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ไปŠ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใฏใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ‚ชใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:38
I was feeling a little unwell last week.
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ไฝ“่ชฟใŒๆ‚ชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
03:41
I can let you in on a secret.
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็ง˜ๅฏ†ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
03:44
I was feeling unwell last week.
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฏไฝ“่ชฟใŒๆ‚ชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
03:46
In fact, I went to the doctors.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:50
I did.
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ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚
03:53
I went to the doctors.
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็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:55
I was feeling so under the weather.
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ๅคฉๆฐ—ใฎไธ‹ใง็งใฏใใ†ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:57
I went to the doctors.
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็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:59
I did.
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ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:00
I haven't done it for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ
04:02
I haven't been to the doctors
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่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใซ
04:06
or to any anybody connected with medicine
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ใ‚‚ใ€ๅŒปๅญฆใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซใ‚‚ใ€
04:11
to be honest, nobody for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:15
And today, I suppose we can talk about that for a while.
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใงใใ‚Œใฐใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
Things that you haven't done for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
04:22
So I haven't been to the doctors for a very long time.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้•ทใ„้–“ๅŒป่€…ใซใฏ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:26
So I went
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ใใ‚Œใง
04:28
at the end of last week to go and see the doctor.
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑๆœซใซๅŒป่€…ใซ่จบใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:32
You will be pleased to hear.
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ๅ–œใ‚“ใง่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:34
I'm okay.
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็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
04:37
So that's always good news.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:38
I think that means I'm not going anywhere.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ“ใซใ‚‚่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:41
That means I won't be spending time in bed recuperating.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใง็™‚้คŠใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:46
Now there is a good word.
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ไปŠใ€่‰ฏใ„่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:47
To recuperate is to get well, to recover.
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ๅ›žๅพฉใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๅ›žๅพฉใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:52
You recuperate.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ›žๅพฉใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:54
Quite often it involves a period of rest and relaxation.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใซใฏไผ‘ๆฏใจใƒชใƒฉใ‚ฏใ‚ผใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:00
So when you recuperate, it means you are regaining your energy.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ›žๅพฉใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๆˆปใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:06
Normally during a period of rest and recovery.
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้€šๅธธใฏไผ‘ๆฏใจๅ›žๅพฉใฎๆœŸ้–“ไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
05:11
So I was recuperating.
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ใใ‚Œใง็งใฏ็™‚้คŠใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:13
I feel okay today. Not too bad at all.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ…จ็„ถๆ‚ชใใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
05:16
I have a lovely background.
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็ด ๆ•ตใช่ƒŒๆ™ฏใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:18
This, by the way, is the view outside the window right now.
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ใกใชใฟใซไปŠใฎ็ช“ใฎๅค–ใฎๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
It really does look as if autumn is in the air.
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ใ™ใฃใ‹ใ‚Š็ง‹ใฎๆฐ—้…ใŒๆผ‚ใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
05:29
I hope you're feeling good today as well.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใซ้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Yes. Now, this is something I haven't done for a long time.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:35
I haven't done this for a very long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:39
Today, it's Wednesday.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
05:59
Scooby doo doo doo doo doo doo doo doo.
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ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒผใƒ“ใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใ€‚
06:02
I haven't done that for a long time, I have to say,
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้•ทใ„้–“ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
06:05
And it feels really, really nice doing it again.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:10
Yes, it is Wednesday.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
06:12
I hope you are having a good day where you are.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใง่‰ฏใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
No, I'm having a good day.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:20
Not too bad.
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ๆ‚ชใใชใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚
06:21
Thank you very much.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
It's just me today, by the way.
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ใกใชใฟใซไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งไธ€ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
06:25
No one else.
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ไป–ใซ่ชฐใ‚‚ใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
06:27
Although you do, of course, are more than welcome to join in on the live chat.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใธใฎๅ‚ๅŠ ใ‚‚ๅคงๆญ“่ฟŽใงใ™ใ€‚
06:33
If there's something you want to say, Something on your mind,
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่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ€ ๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
06:37
something you want to share with all of us here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€‚
06:40
Because we are one big happy
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏไธ€ใคใฎๅนธใ›ใชๅคง
06:44
family.
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ๅฎถๆ—ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:46
Happy?
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผ๏ผŸ ใจใซใ‹ใ
06:48
For most of the time, anyway.
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ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
06:51
Hello. Live chat.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚
06:52
I should say hello to you as well.
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็งใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆŒจๆ‹ถใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:55
Vitus and Beatrice.
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ใƒดใ‚ฃใƒˆใ‚ฅใ‚นใจใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
06:57
You were first today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไธ€็•ชใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:59
Congratulations to you.
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ใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:01
Very nice.
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้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
07:02
Also, we have Mustafa zu Seka.
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ใƒ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ‚กใƒปใ‚บใƒปใ‚ปใ‚ซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
07:06
We also have O Louis Mendez
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใ‚‚
07:14
is here today.
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ๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:16
Hello, Louis.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ€‚
07:17
Nice to see you as well.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:20
You mean is watching in Chile.
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ใƒใƒชใง่ฆณๆˆฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใญใ€‚
07:26
Is it Chile at the moment in Chile.
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ใƒใƒชใฎไปŠใฏใƒใƒชใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
07:31
It's quite chilly here.
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ใ“ใ“ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅฏ’ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:32
So when I say chilly here, I mean cold.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๅฏ’ใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฏ’ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:36
But of course you are in a place called Chile,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒใƒชใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
07:41
which is also spelt differently as well.
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็ถดใ‚Šใ‚‚็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:45
Hello to you.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
07:46
Nice to see you back as well to David.
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ใƒ‡ใƒดใ‚ฃใƒƒใƒ‰ใซใ‚‚ใพใŸไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:49
Don't forget to give me a like please.
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ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:52
These are very important.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้‡่ฆใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
07:53
They might seem like something
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ๆ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
07:56
that is not very important,
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ใ€
08:00
but to me this is very important.
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:03
So please give me a lovely like if you like what you are seeing right now.
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ใ‚‚ใ— ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็ด ๆ•ตใชใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ‚’ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
Algeria is here as well.
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ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ธใ‚งใƒชใ‚ขใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Hamdayet, hello to you as well.
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ใƒใƒ ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚งใƒƒใƒˆใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
08:15
Thank you for joining me today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:17
So is this something you haven't done for a long time?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:20
It can be anything, really.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:22
Maybe you haven't seen a member of your family for a long time.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€้•ทใ„้–“ๅฎถๆ—ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
08:28
Maybe you haven't done a certain task or a certain thing.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใพใ ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
08:32
So what thing haven't you done for a long time?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ง
08:38
I will share some of mine with you if you share yours with me.
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ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใซ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:45
Something you haven't done for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
08:50
One thing I can think of straight away.
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ใ™ใใซๆ€ใ„ใคใใ“ใจใŒไธ€ใคใ€‚
08:53
I haven't cried for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ๆณฃใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
08:58
It's not something I do very often.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ ป็นใซใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:00
I don't often cry.
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็งใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆณฃใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:02
I know it sounds strange, and maybe to some people you might think, Mr.
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ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰
09:06
Duncan, you have a heart of stone.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅฟƒใฎๆŒใกไธปใ ใจๆ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:09
But I do cry sometimes.
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ใงใ‚‚ๆ™‚ใ€…ๆณฃใ„ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:12
Maybe a sad movie.
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ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:14
Maybe if something touches me, moves me,
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็งใซ่งฆใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ„Ÿๅ‹•ใ—ใฆ
09:19
you can be moved to tears.
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ๆถ™ใŒๅ‡บใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:22
Something makes you feel upset.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅ‹•ๆบใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:25
Or maybe you feel something deep inside
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๅฟƒใฎๅฅฅๅบ•ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€
09:29
and it will trigger a certain emotion.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:33
So I haven't cried for a very long time.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ๆณฃใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:36
And I have to say I do like sometimes sharing these things with you.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ใชใŸใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:41
Even when my mum passed away
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็งใฎๆฏใŒไบกใใชใฃใŸใจใใงใ•ใˆใ€
09:44
and as you know, she passed away earlier this year.
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ใใ—ใฆใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไปŠๅนดๅˆใ‚ใซไบกใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:46
So even when I lost my mum, I didn't cry.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฏใ‚’ไบกใใ—ใŸๆ™‚ใ‚‚ใ€็งใฏๆณฃใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:52
Now, this might seem seem like a very strange thing to admit to, but I didn't.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ่ชใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:57
And it wasn't because I.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:59
I didn't feel upset because I did.
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็งใŒใใ†ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใจใ„ใฃใฆๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใŸใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:02
But it was a very strange sensation
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•ๆบใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†้žๅธธใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใงใ—ใŸ
10:06
of feeling upset.
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ใ€‚
10:08
So it wasn't sadness.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใฏๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:11
It was much deeper than that.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใšใฃใจๅฅฅใŒๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:13
It was a feeling that went much deeper.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆทฑใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:16
And because of that, I couldn't express it.
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ใใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:19
I could feel it, but I couldn't express it.
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ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:23
So I haven't cried for a very long time.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ๆณฃใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:26
I have to say.
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10:26
I have to admit, one thing I do quite often is laugh.
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็งใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ
่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ฌ‘ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:31
Of course, I can remember the last time I left.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅˆฅใ‚ŒใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใฏ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:35
That was this morning with Mr.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠๆœใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใจใฎใ“ใจใงใ—ใŸ
10:37
Steve.
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ใ€‚
10:39
We do it quite often, actually.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้ ป็นใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:41
We often do things that make each other laugh.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:44
I suppose that is the secret of a long relationship.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ้•ทใ„ไป˜ใๅˆใ„ใฎ็ง˜่จฃใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:48
Maybe making each other laugh.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใŠไบ’ใ„ใ‚’็ฌ‘ใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
10:51
So is this something you haven't done for a long time?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:56
Bamboo.
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็ซนใ€‚
10:58
bamboo.
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็ซนใ€‚
11:00
I know what you're talking about, and it's very naughty.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚จใƒƒใƒใงใ™ใ€‚
11:04
But it also happens to be something you haven't done for a long time.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:11
Maybe it was the trauma that Mr.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ‚ŒใŒใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎใƒˆใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒžใ ใฃ
11:14
Duncan suffered.
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ใŸใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
11:16
Yes, Well, as I said earlier, I haven't cried for a long time.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ็งใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ๆณฃใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:20
It's one of those strange things I haven't done and I don't know why.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใชใœใใ†ใชใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:25
Is there a certain type of food I haven't eaten for a long time?
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้•ทใ„้–“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
11:29
I'm just trying to think, yes,
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ใใ†ใ ใ€
11:32
there is a certain type of food I haven't eaten for a very long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ„็จฎ้กžใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:37
A certain meal, and it's one of my favourite meals,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹้ฃŸไบ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅคงๅฅฝใใช้ฃŸไบ‹ใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™
11:40
but I haven't had it for a very long time.
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ใŒใ€้•ทใ„้–“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ
11:46
I wonder if you can guess what it is.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
11:48
It is something I love eating, but I haven't had it for a long time.
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ๅคงๅฅฝใใง้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€้•ทใ„้–“้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ
11:53
I wonder if you can guess what it is.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
12:02
Thank you Bamboo for your
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Bamboo ใ•ใ‚“ใ€
12:05
addition to my live chat.
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็งใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:07
Yes, I do know what you mean.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:10
Something you haven't done for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
12:14
There might be a place that you've never visited it.
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ใพใ ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:17
Or maybe a place you haven't been to for a very long time.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ ้•ทใ„้–“่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:22
This is something I often find when you live in a certain area
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅœฐๅŸŸใ‚„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒ
12:26
or a certain place,
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ใ€
12:29
you might find that
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12:32
there are many things around you, many wonderful places that you can visit,
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ๅ‘จใ‚ŠใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚„ใ€ ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚่กŒใ‹
12:37
but you never go to them or you never visit them.
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ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€่จชใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:42
For example, outside my window there is a beautiful hill,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็ช“ใฎๅค–ใซใฏ ็พŽใ—ใ„ไธ˜ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
12:47
a wonderful hill, and it's beautiful.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ˜ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็พŽใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:51
It stands out.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:52
It is very, very well known in this area.
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ใ“ใฎๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฏ้žๅธธใซใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:56
However, I rarely go a bit.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใ‹่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:00
I rarely go to the top of that particular hill.
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็งใฏใใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎไธ˜ใฎ้ ‚ไธŠใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:04
So there are
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
13:05
instances or times when maybe you don't
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13:10
do something for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ๆ™‚ๆœŸใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:13
Of course, there are some things that you must do regularly
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๅธธใซๅฎŸ่กŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใใ€
13:18
that you might not do all the time.
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ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:23
I haven't been for a swim.
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็งใฏๆณณใŽใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
13:25
Yanni.
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ใƒคใƒ‹ใ€‚
13:27
Yanni. Hi, Dad.
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ใƒคใƒ‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:29
I haven't had a swim in a pool for a long time.
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็งใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใงๆณณใ„ใงใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:34
Some people
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13:36
have swimming pools.
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ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซ
13:39
I don't, by the way.
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ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:41
I don't have a swimming pool.
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ใ‚นใ‚คใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:43
Mr. Stevens sister has a swimming pool.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใƒณใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅฆนใซใฏใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:46
Very nice.
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้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
13:47
Who? Fancy pants?
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่ชฐใŒ๏ผŸ ใŠใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚Œใชใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ„๏ผŸ
13:49
Very nice.
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้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
13:51
But I don't have a swimming pool, which doesn't matter because I can't swim,
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€็งใฏ ๆณณใ’ใชใ„ใฎใงใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
13:56
so I have no need for a swimming pool,
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14:01
to be honest, because I don't swim.
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ๆญฃ็›ด่จ€ใฃใฆๆณณใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:05
I haven't had chocolate cake for a long time.
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้•ทใ„ใ“ใจใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ญใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:08
You have to be very careful with sugar.
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็ ‚็ณ–ใซใฏ็ดฐๅฟƒใฎๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
14:11
Yes, I suppose so.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:12
If you do have to be careful if you are eating certain types of food.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
14:17
I'm waiting for some some results from my doctor
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็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ็ตๆžœใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™
14:22
and I'm sure he is going to tell me
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ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚็งใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€
14:26
that I've been eating too much sugar
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็งใŒ็ ‚็ณ–ใฎใจใ‚Šใ™ใŽใ€
14:29
and maybe too many too many things full of fat, perhaps
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ใใ—ใฆใŠใใ‚‰ใ่„‚่‚ชใฎๅคšใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฎใจใ‚Šใ™ใŽใ ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
14:38
you know me.
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ใ€‚
14:39
There are certain types of food I can't resist.
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็งใซใฏๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใงใใชใ„็จฎ้กžใฎ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:43
By the way, the meal that I haven't had for a long time is lasagne.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ ไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใฎ้ฃŸไบ‹ใฏใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
14:48
It is an Italian food.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขๆ–™็†ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:51
It's an Italian meal made with pasta.
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ใƒ‘ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
14:54
And I think it's beef.
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ใใ—ใฆ็‰›่‚‰ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:56
I think you can have lamb as well.
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็พŠ่‚‰ใ‚‚้ฃŸในใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:58
LAMB, lasagne, beef lasagne.
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ใƒฉใƒ ่‚‰ใ€ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ€ใƒ“ใƒผใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ€‚
15:03
Delicious. Absolutely lovely.
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็พŽๅ‘ณใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚
15:05
But I have to say, I haven't had it for a long time.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ใใ‚Œใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:10
One of the reasons, of course, is we used to visit Mr.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใฎ็†็”ฑใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒไปฅๅ‰ใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ๆฐใฎๆฏ่ฆชใ‚’้ ป็นใซ่จชใญใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใงใ™
15:13
Steve's mother quite often, but since she passed away, we don't go there.
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ใŒใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒไบกใใชใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:19
We don't go over to Banbury anymore.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใƒใƒณใƒ™ใƒชใƒผใซใฏ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
15:21
We don't go very regularly anyway.
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ใจใซใ‹ใ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใพใ‚ŠๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:25
I haven't.
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็งใฏใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:29
I'm just trying to find one I can read
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15:34
very interesting, some very interesting messages coming through today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใŒๅฑŠใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ่ชญใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚
15:38
Thank you very much.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:39
Something you haven't done for a long time, by the way, talking of swimming pools,
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
15:44
if you live in Greece
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
15:47
now, if I if I remember maybe
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
15:50
four or five years ago or perhaps longer than that,
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4ใ€5ๅนดๅ‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใšใฃใจๅ‰ใซ
15:55
didn't didn't Greece
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ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใŒๆญฃใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃใฏ
15:59
tax people, they actually charge them
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ๅ›ฝๆฐ‘ใซ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’่ชฒใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ
16:04
for having a swimming pool,
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ใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ็จŽ้‡‘ใ‚’่ซ‹ๆฑ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹
16:07
if I remember correctly?
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๏ผŸ
16:09
Did that happen?
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16:09
Did that really happen?
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ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚ใฃใŸใฃใ‘๏ผŸ
ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
16:12
So if somebody lives in Greece, can you tell me,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใŸใ‚‰ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ใ€
16:16
did your government tax those who had swimming pools?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŸใกใซ่ชฒ็จŽใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
16:22
Please let me know.
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็งใซใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:34
I haven't been practising my swimming.
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็งใฏๆฐดๆณณใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:36
I need to renew my membership.
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ใƒกใƒณใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:39
Well, I have to say, I.
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ใพใ‚ใ€็งใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
16:42
I don't have to worry about that.
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:44
I can't remember the last time I went in
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๆฐดใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใฎใŒใ„ใคใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‹ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“
16:48
the water.
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ใ€‚
16:49
I can't remember it.
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ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:50
It must be a very long time ago.
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ใใฃใจใšใฃใจๆ˜”ใฎใ“ใจใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
16:52
So that could be a thing I haven't done for a long time.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:55
I haven't been in a swimming pool or in the sea or in
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็งใฏใƒ—ใƒผใƒซใซใ‚‚ๆตทใซใ‚‚ใ€
17:01
any deep water that comes up to here.
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ใ“ใ“ใพใงใฎๆทฑๆตทใซใ‚‚ๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:06
Of course I've been in the shower.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒฏใƒผใ‚’ๆตดใณใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:08
That's okay.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚
17:09
That's fine. I don't mind that.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฐ—ใซใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:12
But anything deeper, anything that comes up to here,
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ“ใ“ใพใงๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
17:16
I normally get a little bit afraid, to be honest.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ€–ใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:21
So what things haven't you done for a long time?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
17:24
Some things that you haven't done for ages.
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
17:29
I like that.
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็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
17:30
Something you haven't done for ages.
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
17:33
Now, that is another way of expressing something you haven't done for a long time.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ้•ทใ„้–“
17:38
I haven't been to the cinema
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ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใง
17:43
for a long
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17:44
time, so there is another thing I haven't done for a long time.
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ใ€ ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:49
One of the reasons is, of course,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
17:52
there's nothing that I want to see at the cinema.
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ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใง่ฆณใŸใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใฎใ‚‚็†็”ฑใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
17:56
Most movies nowadays are not that interesting to me.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆใใ‚Œใปใฉ้ข็™ฝใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:59
Maybe they are to you, but not to me, unfortunately.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใฏใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:04
Also, I don't go to the cinema
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ใ‚ใจใ€ๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎ
18:06
because I can't stand the sound of other people around me
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ไบบใŒ้ฃŸในใŸใ‚Š้จ’ใ„ใ ใ‚Šใ‚นใƒžใƒ›ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹้ŸณใŒๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใงใใชใ„ใฎใงๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซใฏ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“
18:11
eating and making noises and looking at their
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18:16
smartphones.
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ใ€‚
18:18
To be honest, I don't like that either.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:23
Have you ever been underwater?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆฐดไธญใซใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:25
You mean me?
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ใคใพใ‚Š็งใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:26
Under water, swimming?
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ๆฐดไธญใงๆณณใ„ใงใ„ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
18:29
Never. Never, never, never.
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ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ€‚ ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€‚
18:32
I don't like water.
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็งใฏๆฐดใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:34
I don't like getting too close to water.
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็งใฏๆฐดใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:36
I always feel nervous when I am near water or if I'm in a boat.
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ๆฐดใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚„ใƒœใƒผใƒˆใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚็ทŠๅผตใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:43
I feel nervous.
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็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
18:44
Nervous because I think the boat might tip over.
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ใƒœใƒผใƒˆใŒใฒใฃใใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใจ็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
18:48
It might go over and I would be thrown into the water.
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่ถŠใˆใฆๆฐดใซๆ”พใ‚Š่พผใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
18:52
So no.
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18:52
Lewis I've never been under the water.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚น ็งใฏๆฐดใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:57
Mr. Steve can do it.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใชใ‚‰ใใ‚ŒใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
18:59
I'm very jealous because Steve can swim underwater.
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ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใฏๆฐดไธญใ‚’ๆณณใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚‰ใ‚„ใพใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:03
He's actually very good at it.
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ๅฎŸใฏๅฝผใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไธŠๆ‰‹ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:06
Going to the cinema is very expensive now.
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ไปŠใ€ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:09
Yes, you are right there is.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
19:11
Well, it is an expensive thing to go to the cinema, I think.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใฎใฏ้ซ˜ใ„ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:17
Now, if you go to the cinema here, I think it's around 59
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใจใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 59 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‹ 16 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
19:23
or ยฃ16,
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ใ€‚
19:28
so nearly ยฃ20
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
19:30
to go and see a movie.
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ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆณใซ่กŒใใซใฏ 20 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰่ฟ‘ใใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:34
That to me seems expensive to be honest.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ซ˜ไพกใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
19:40
Giovanni is here.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:43
Hello, Mr.
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19:43
Duncan.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:44
I'm a bit tired after work, but now I am here.
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ไป•ไบ‹ใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆๅฐ‘ใ—็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:47
My friend and my other English addict friends as well.
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็งใฎๅ‹ไบบใ‚„ไป–ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’ใฎๅ‹ไบบใŸใกใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:52
Yes, that's the reason why we're here.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
19:54
To share our love of English,
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่‹ฑ่ชžใธใฎๆ„›ใ‚’ๅˆ†ใ‹ใกๅˆใ„ใ€
19:57
to talk about different topics, and to hopefully
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใ€
20:03
have fun as well.
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ใงใใ‚Œใฐๆฅฝใ—ใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:04
Because learning should always be fun.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใฏๅธธใซๆฅฝใ—ใใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:08
By the way, today we are looking at a part of English that sometimes causes confusion.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ™‚ใ€…ๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไธ€้ƒจใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:15
We are talking about irregular nouns who plurals?
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€่ชฐใŒ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
20:21
So plurals, when we talk about plural, we mean more than one.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:26
So we are talking about that a little bit later on,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใง่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
20:30
something you haven't done for a long time.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
20:37
Beatriz says, I love swimming, but I can't get membership
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆฐดๆณณใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ ใŒใ€้ ป็นใซๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใใฎใงไผšๅ“กใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใš
20:41
because I am travelling very frequently,
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ใ€
20:45
so I have to pay and lose money many time as well.
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ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆๆใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:49
This happens with many people who do something or they start something,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‚‚ใ€
20:54
but they don't continue doing it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ถ™็ถšใ—ใชใ„ๅคšใใฎไบบใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:57
So for you, Beatriz, the reason why
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€
21:00
you don't go swimming often is because you travel around.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ ป็นใซๆณณใŽใซ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ใ‚ใกใ“ใกใ‚’ๆ—…่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
21:03
However, there are other things that you might start.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ไป–ใซใ‚‚ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:07
Generally, you might start and not continue.
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ไธ€่ˆฌใซใ€้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใฆใ‚‚็ถš่กŒใ—ใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:13
One of the most common ones has to be going to the gym.
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ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใฎใฏใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
21:17
So a lot of people normally at the start of the year.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅนดใฎๅˆใ‚ใซใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:20
So normally when the new year arrives, people will go to the gym,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธใ€ ๆ–ฐๅนดใŒๅˆฐๆฅใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใ€
21:26
they will join a gym to get fit and healthy,
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ๅฅๅบทใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ธใƒ ใซๅ…ฅไผšใ—ใพใ™
21:31
but quite often they won't continue doing it.
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ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ถ™็ถšใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:34
They will stop after a certain period of time.
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ไธ€ๅฎšๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒ้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅœๆญขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:38
So it does happen where you might start doing something
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใง
21:44
but you don't continue do it.
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ใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
21:46
You actually stop doing it, or maybe you forget to do it.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ‚„ใ‚ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:51
Maybe you become tired of doing it.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใฎใซ้ฃฝใใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:54
Maybe you become bored bored doing it.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ†ใกใซ้ฃฝใใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:57
So there are many reasons why you might stop doing something as well.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
22:03
You might find that
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22:05
you don't want to go for a run anymore because you
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ใ™ใใซ็–ฒใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ†่ตฐใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
22:08
you become tired too easily.
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ใ€‚
22:12
So many reasons why we stop doing things.
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็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ้ธใถ
22:14
I suppose, are many reasons why
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็†็”ฑใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
22:18
choose.
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ใ€‚
22:23
Palmira is busy with her chores.
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ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใฏๅฎถไบ‹ใงๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:26
According to Lewis, Lewis says, I think Palmira must be busy with her chores.
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใฏๅฎถไบ‹ใงๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใจใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
22:32
You might be right there, Lewis. We will have to see.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ใใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:36
Maybe Palmira will answer the question.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใŒ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
22:41
Something I haven't done for a long time.
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
22:43
Here is something I haven't showed for a long time.
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ใ“ใ“ใง้•ทใ„้–“ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ”็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:47
In a moment, we are going to look at nouns, irregular
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ใ™ใใซใ€ๅ่ฉžใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
22:52
forms of plural nouns.
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใฎไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใชๅฝขใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
22:56
That is what we are looking at today.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:58
But first of all, we will look at something that I haven't shown for a long time.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใพใšๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€้•ทใ„้–“่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚
23:06
Yes, it's time to say hello to the cows.
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ใฏใ„ใ€็‰›ใŸใกใซใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:56
English addict is here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
24:59
It's nice to be with you, as usual.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:03
It's always nice to be here.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
25:06
To be honest, I have to say I love doing this and
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็งใŒ
25:10
I hope you like what I do for you.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:14
Today we are looking at an interesting subject now.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:17
As you know, I am a big believer
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€็งใฏๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ€็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทใไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™
25:22
in teaching things that are useful
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25:26
or things that are useful to to know or understand.
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ใ€‚
25:32
One of the biggest mistakes that teachers often make
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ๆ•™ๅธซใŒใ‚ˆใ็Šฏใ™ๆœ€ๅคงใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
25:35
is they over teach.
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ๆ•™ใˆใ™ใŽใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:39
Now, I know that probably sounds really weird, but it isn't.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ใ€‚
25:43
A lot of teachers who who have maybe been
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๆ•™ๅ“กๅคงๅญฆใซ้€šใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๆ•™ๅธซใฏใ€
25:48
to teacher college for many years and maybe they feel as if they
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25:53
they want to get out there and teach all the things they know to their students.
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ใใ“ใซๅ‡บใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็”Ÿๅพ’ใซๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
25:58
Sometimes it is possible to over teach.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ้Žๅ‰ฐใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:02
Maybe you make certain subjects or the subject you are teaching too difficult
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ็ง‘็›ฎใ‚„ ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ง‘็›ฎใ‚’้›ฃใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ€
26:08
or too hard to understand.
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็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:12
And I think this does happen quite often
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็‰นใซ่‹ฅใ„ๆ•™ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
26:15
with especially with young teachers.
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ใ€‚
26:17
Now, this is not a criticism, but
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ‰นๅˆคใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
26:21
sometimes young teachers do want to show
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่‹ฅใ„ๆ•™ๅธซใฏ
26:25
all of their knowledge to their students.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’็”Ÿๅพ’ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใŸใŒใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:28
I remember many years ago when I was interviewing some teachers who wanted to work for
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ๅ‰ใ€็งใŒไธญๅ›ฝใซใ„ใŸใจใใซ็งใŸใกใฎไธ‹ใงๅƒใใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ•™ๅธซใŸใกใซใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’
26:33
us during my time in China,
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26:35
I did notice that lots of teachers who were
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่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ‡ใƒขใƒณใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸๅคšใใฎๆ•™ๅธซใŒใ€
26:39
who were giving demonstration lessons, those
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26:42
two to us that they always
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็งใŸใกใซใ„ใคใ‚‚
26:45
like to over explain things.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’้Žๅ‰ฐใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€‚
26:49
They like to make things very technical and very difficult
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’็”Ÿๅพ’ใซ็คบใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’้žๅธธใซๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใง้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฅฝใฟใพใ™
26:54
because they can show their own knowledge to their students.
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ใ€‚
26:58
But I think it is possible sometimes to to over teach.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏ้Žๅ‰ฐใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:04
You can teach too much, you can make something seem too
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ๆ•™ใˆใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ่ค‡้›‘ใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ€่ค‡้›‘ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
27:09
complicated or too complex.
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ใ€‚
27:13
And I think this is a common mistake for
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ•™่‚ฒใฎ้“ใ‚’ๆญฉใฟๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎไธ€้ƒจใฎๆ•™ๅธซใซใจใฃใฆใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
27:17
for some of the the teachers that are that are starting out,
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27:23
maybe maybe they are starting out on their journey of teaching.
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ใ€‚
27:28
But I like to try and explain things, simply
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ€ๅ˜ใซ
27:33
explain things in their most basic form.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๅฝขใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
27:37
I think it was Einstein, wasn't it?
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
27:39
Times Di Was it Einstein who said the best teachers
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Times Di ๆœ€่‰ฏใฎๆ•™ๅธซใจใฏ
27:44
are the ones who make complicated things seem easy?
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่ค‡้›‘ใชใ“ใจใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ๆ•™ๅธซใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
27:49
Maybe I'm misquoting that.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆๅผ•็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:51
I don't know, Palmira says.
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ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
27:54
Sometimes, or somewhere the sun is shining.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใพใŸใฏใฉใ“ใ‹ใงๅคช้™ฝใŒ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:57
But in my area,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใฏใ€
27:59
the common guest is grey skies.
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ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ฒใ‚นใƒˆใฏ็ฐ่‰ฒใฎ็ฉบใงใ™ใ€‚
28:03
Well, I'm sorry to hear that, but at least I hope
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใฆๆฎ‹ๅฟตใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚
28:06
doing this today with me Will.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€‚
28:09
Will brighten things up.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
28:11
Here we go then. Let's have a quick look at
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎไธป้กŒใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
28:14
today's subject.
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ใ€‚
28:16
And this is something that I wanted to do today because I think it's interesting.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
28:21
We talk about irregular plural nouns
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใŒ
28:25
basically in English, when we have more than one thing,
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ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
28:29
we will often add yes to the end.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซyesใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:34
For example, cat becomes cats.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็Œซใฏ็Œซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:39
So there are many cats, one cat, many cats.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็Œซใ€ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็ŒซใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:45
So that is regular.
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ใใ‚Œใงใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
28:47
It is a plural, that is regular.
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ€ใคใพใ‚Š่ฆๅ‰‡็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
28:50
So there is nothing unusual.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‚‚็•ฐๅธธใชใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:52
It is not exceptional.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไพ‹ๅค–็š„ใชใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:54
However, in English we often have irregular plural nouns,
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹
29:00
so these are types of nouns.
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ่ฉžใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
29:04
When used in a plural sense, they will actually change
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆง‹้€ ๅ…จไฝ“ใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹
29:10
their whole structure
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29:12
or a large part of their structure will change.
416
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4237
ใ‹ใ€ๆง‹้€ ใฎๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:17
And I will explain that in a moment.
417
1757141
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใปใฉ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:19
So it is possible to use irregular plural nouns.
418
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4755
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
29:24
There are some nouns, of course, that don't change
419
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4454
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
29:29
when you stress them in the plural sense.
420
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3586
่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใชใ„ๅ่ฉžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
29:32
So that is also described as
421
1772973
2202
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใจใ‚‚่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
29:35
irregular, something that is not
422
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4321
ใ€‚
29:39
as it usually is
423
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2185
้€šๅธธใฉใŠใ‚Šใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€
29:41
or it should be, or something that appears different
424
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3704
ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็•ฐใชใฃ
29:45
or unusual is irregular flow.
425
1785552
4271
ใŸใ‚Š็•ฐๅธธใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใชๆตใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
29:49
We often think of regular as being standard.
426
1789907
5288
็งใŸใกใฏใƒฌใ‚ฎใƒฅใƒฉใƒผใ‚’ๆจ™ๆบ–ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใŒใกใงใ™ใ€‚
29:55
Irregular is not standard.
427
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ใ‚คใƒฌใ‚ฎใƒฅใƒฉใƒผใฏๆจ™ๆบ–ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
29:58
It is something that is different or unusual.
428
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
30:04
Giovanni is here.
429
1804905
2252
ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:07
Hello, Giovanni.
430
1807157
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒณใƒ‹ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚
30:08
Thank you very much.
431
1808642
1535
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:10
Yes, we often address
432
1810177
2819
ใฏใ„ใ€
30:12
to the end of a word when we want to show it as a plural.
433
1812996
5956
ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใง็คบใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœซๅฐพใพใงๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
30:19
However, there are situations where this will not be
434
1819036
4187
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚‰ใชใ„็Šถๆณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใฎใงใ€
30:23
the case and I'm going to show you right now.
435
1823473
3454
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
30:27
So first of all, we have goose.
436
1827010
4655
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใพใšใฏใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
30:31
Goose, singular one,
437
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4488
Gooseใ€ๅ˜ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ€
30:36
a single item, a single thing,
438
1836303
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ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ†ใƒ ใ€ๅ˜ไธ€ใฎ็‰ฉใ€
30:41
one goose is a goose, of course, is a type of bird.
439
1841024
6189
ไธ€็พฝใฎใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“้ณฅใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
30:47
It is beautiful, especially when it's flying over the house
440
1847297
3804
็‰นใซใ€ๅคงใใชVๅญ—ใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆๅ‹้”ใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅฎถใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ็พŽใ—ใ„ใงใ™
30:51
with its friends in a big V-shape.
441
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ใ€‚
30:55
And they make that lovely sound down.
442
1855572
6973
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใช้Ÿณใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:02
I love the sound of geese.
443
1862612
2052
ใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใฎ้ณดใๅฃฐใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
31:04
Geese. yes.
444
1864664
2002
ใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
31:06
Because when we have the plural of goose,
445
1866666
4421
goose ใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€
31:11
it is geese.
446
1871171
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geese ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:13
So as you can see, the spelling of the word has altered
447
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4171
ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ถดใ‚Šใฏ
31:18
dramatically from goose to geese.
448
1878094
4304
goose ใ‹ใ‚‰ geese ใธใจๅŠ‡็š„ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
31:22
So this is a good example of irregular plural nouns.
449
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5572
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
31:28
You are changing the whole structure of the word,
450
1888054
5088
ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆง‹้€ ๅ…จไฝ“ใ€
31:33
or at least a large part of it.
451
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2986
ใพใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใใฎๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
31:36
So there is a good example of something
452
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3771
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใง็‰น็•ฐ็š„ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
31:40
that can be described singularly
453
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4237
31:44
in this situation.
454
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ใ€‚
31:45
We are describing goose as one thing
455
1905555
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใ‚’ 1 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
31:50
and we are describing many geese.
456
1910743
5322
ใŒใ€ๅคšใใฎใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
31:56
We often describe geese when there are many as a flock,
457
1916132
6256
ๅคšใใฎใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใ€ใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใฎ็พคใ‚Œใ€
32:02
a flock of geese,
458
1922471
2753
ใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใฎ็พคใ‚Œใ€
32:05
one goose, a flock of geese.
459
1925224
4071
ไธ€็พฝใฎใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใ€ใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใฎ็พคใ‚Œใชใฉใจ่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:09
There are many geese in the field.
460
1929378
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้‡ŽๅŽŸใซใฏใ‚ฌใƒใƒงใ‚ฆใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:14
A flock of geese flew over my house this morning.
461
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6874
ไปŠๆœใ€ใ‚ฌใƒณใฎ็พคใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎๅฎถใฎไธŠใ‚’้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
32:21
Here's another one.
462
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968
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
32:22
This is just for Claudia
463
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3370
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใƒป
32:26
Tooth.
464
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1635
ใƒˆใ‚ฅใƒผใ‚นๅฐ‚็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
32:27
Tooth.
465
1947813
1385
ๆญฏใ€‚
32:29
You can have one tooth.
466
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2185
ๆญฏใฏ1ๆœฌใงใ‚‚ๆง‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
32:31
Maybe you have a loose tooth, maybe
467
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6523
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฃใฎไธญใฎๆญฏใŒใใ‚‰ใใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
32:37
in your mouth.
468
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1568
ใ€‚
32:39
One of your teeth is moving around.
469
1959558
3170
ๆญฏใฎ1ๆœฌใŒๅ‹•ใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:42
Yes, teeth.
470
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1952
ใใ†ใ€ๆญฏใงใ™ใ€‚
32:44
So when we talk about more than one tooth, we say teeth,
471
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4955
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆญฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ ๆญฏใ€
32:49
one tooth, many teeth.
472
1969718
4338
1 ใคใฎๆญฏใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆญฏใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:54
We often describe teeth as a set.
473
1974123
4120
็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใๆญฏใ‚’ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใจใ—ใฆ่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
32:58
So you say a set of teeth.
474
1978327
4120
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆญฏใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
33:02
So a group of teeth or a row of teeth
475
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5372
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆญฏใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใพใŸใฏๆญฏใฎๅˆ—ใฏใ€
33:07
is often described as a sense.
476
1987986
3487
ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
33:11
I have a full set of teeth,
477
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4989
็งใซใฏๆญฏใŒๅ…จ้ƒจๆƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
33:16
so we have one tooth
478
1996628
3787
ใฎใงใ€ๆญฏใฏ1ๆœฌ
33:20
and many teeth.
479
2000499
4054
ใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:24
And there is another good example.
480
2004636
5839
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:30
Here's another one
481
2010542
3503
ใ“ใ“ใซใพใŸไธ€
33:34
man man, one
482
2014112
3554
ไบบใฎ็”ทใ€ไธ€ไบบใฎ
33:37
man, one man sitting alone
483
2017666
5138
็”ทใ€ไธ€ไบบใงๆค…ๅญใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็”ทใŒใ„ใพใ™
33:42
in a chair.
484
2022888
1184
ใ€‚
33:44
He is by himself.
485
2024072
2553
ๅฝผใฏไธ€ไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
33:46
He is on his own, one man.
486
2026625
4871
ๅฝผใฏไธ€ไบบใงใ€ไธ€ไบบใฎ็”ทใงใ™ใ€‚
33:51
Then, of course, we have the plural.
487
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2920
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
33:54
So it's not men's.
488
2034582
3003
ใชใฎใงใƒกใƒณใ‚บใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
33:57
It is instead,
489
2037585
3237
ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€
34:00
if I can find it.
490
2040905
3003
็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€‚
34:03
Men, men,
491
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2603
็”ทใ€็”ทใ€
34:06
one man, many men.
492
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4187
ไธ€ไบบใฎ็”ทใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็”ทใ€‚
34:10
And of course, woman is altered in the same way.
493
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:15
Woman Women.
494
2055003
2919
ๅฅณๆ€ง ๅฅณๆ€งใ€‚
34:17
So one woman, Many women.
495
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4838
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ€ไบบใฎๅฅณๆ€งใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅฅณๆ€งใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
34:22
Here's another one
496
2062844
3003
ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ไบบ
34:25
child.
497
2065863
1802
ๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:27
Child One child.
498
2067665
3554
ๅญไพ› 1ไบบใฎๅญไพ›ใ€‚
34:31
Maybe you have one child,
499
2071302
3454
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏๅญไพ›ใŒ 1 ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€
34:34
maybe you have only one child.
500
2074839
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ๅญไพ›ใŒ 1 ไบบใ—ใ‹ใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:38
Only one child turned up for school this morning.
501
2078643
4755
ไปŠๆœๅญฆๆ กใซๆฅใŸใฎใฏไธ€ไบบใฎๅญไพ›ใ ใ‘ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
34:43
There was only one child in the classroom.
502
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ๆ•™ๅฎคใซใฏๅญไพ›ใŒไธ€ไบบใ ใ‘ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
34:48
Of course, when we have the irregular plural children,
503
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๅญไพ›ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
34:53
so child becomes children.
504
2093374
3587
ๅญไพ›ใฏๅญไพ›ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
34:57
So you don't say child's, you say children.
505
2097044
5589
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅญไพ›ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ€ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:02
One child, many children.
506
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ไธ€ไบบใฎๅญไพ›ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅญไพ›ใงใ‚‚ใ€‚
35:08
Here's another one
507
2108205
2670
ใ“ใ“ใงใพใŸ 1
35:10
foot,
508
2110875
1701
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆใ€1
35:12
foot,
509
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1919
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆใ€
35:14
one foot
510
2114495
1768
1 ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆ
35:16
two feet.
511
2116263
5356
2 ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
35:21
So one foot becomes two feet.
512
2121702
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€1 ใคใฎ่ถณใŒ 2 ใคใฎ่ถณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:26
You have one foot.
513
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰‡่ถณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:27
You are holding one foot
514
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3003
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰‡่ถณใ‚’
35:31
up in the air.
515
2131212
1851
็ฉบไธญใซไธŠใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:33
The other foot is on the floor.
516
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ใ‚‚ใ†็‰‡ๆ–นใฎ่ถณใฏๅบŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:36
But then you lift both of your feet
517
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€ไธก่ถณใ‚’ๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใฆใ€
35:40
up and wave them around feet,
518
2140804
4221
35:45
one foot
519
2145092
1418
็‰‡่ถณใ‹ใ‚‰่ถณ
35:46
to feet.
520
2146510
9343
ใพใง่ถณใฎๅ‘จใ‚ŠใงๆŒฏใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
35:55
Then we have at this time of year, you will see
521
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€
36:00
maybe as you're walking under the tree,
522
2160707
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ๆœจใฎไธ‹ใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€
36:05
you might see one leaf come down.
523
2165379
5105
่‘‰ใŒไธ€ๆžš่ฝใกใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:10
It falls from the tree to the ground.
524
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4138
ใใ‚Œใฏๆœจใ‹ใ‚‰ๅœฐ้ขใซ่ฝใกใพใ™ใ€‚
36:14
One leaf, a leaf
525
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3703
่‘‰ใŒไธ€ๆžšใ€่‘‰ใŒ
36:18
falls from the tree.
526
2178642
2819
ๆœจใ‹ใ‚‰่ฝใกใพใ™ใ€‚
36:21
You can see it falling.
527
2181461
2636
่ฝใกใฆใ„ใใฎใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:24
Of course, you might be walking along the ground
528
2184097
3187
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅœฐ้ขใซๆฒฟใฃใฆๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅœฐ้ขใซ
36:27
and you might find there are many leaves
529
2187367
3971
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
36:31
on the ground, leaves one leaf, many leaves
530
2191421
6557
ใ€่‘‰ใŒ1ๆžšใ€
36:38
leaf leaves.
531
2198044
2770
่‘‰ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:40
So more than one leaf becomes leaves.
532
2200814
4021
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎ่‘‰ใŒ่‘‰ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:44
You hold two leaves.
533
2204918
3553
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‘‰ใฃใฑใ‚’2ๆžšๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‰นใซ็ง‹ใฎ็ด…่‘‰ใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใฏ
36:48
There are many leaves on the ground,
534
2208555
3637
ๅœฐ้ขใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่‘‰ใŒ่Œ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
36:52
especially during autumn,
535
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3787
36:56
especially during autumn
536
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4137
37:00
leaves.
537
2220367
3003
ใ€‚
37:03
Here's another one.
538
2223370
967
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:04
Are you afraid of this little animal?
539
2224337
4571
ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅ‹•็‰ฉใŒๆ€–ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
37:08
Mouse? One mouse.
540
2228975
2703
ใญใšใฟ๏ผŸ ใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใŒ 1 ๅŒนใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใซใ‚‚
37:11
There might be one mouse living
541
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4121
ใƒใ‚บใƒŸใŒไธ€ๅŒนไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
37:15
in your kitchen.
542
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1201
ใ€‚
37:17
Maybe.
543
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351
37:17
Sometimes you see it running across the floor from one side to the other.
544
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6189
ๅคšๅˆ†ใ€‚
ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅบŠใ‚’ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–นใฎๅดใพใงๆจชๅˆ‡ใฃใฆ่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
37:23
Mouse.
545
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1085
ใญใšใฟใ€‚
37:24
Of course, you can also have one of these as well.
546
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3520
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
37:28
This also is a mouse as well.
547
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5739
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
37:34
One mouse becomes
548
2254217
3820
1 ๅŒนใฎใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใŒ
37:38
more than one mice.
549
2258104
3520
่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:41
There are many mice.
550
2261708
3670
ใƒใ‚บใƒŸใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:45
So we don't say mouse.
551
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3003
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
37:48
We say mice.
552
2268548
2185
ใƒใ‚บใƒŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:50
One mouse.
553
2270733
2136
ใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใŒ 1 ๅŒนใ€‚
37:52
Many mice.
554
2272869
2485
ใƒใ‚บใƒŸใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
37:55
There are mice living under my kitchen.
555
2275354
4989
็งใฎใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใฎไธ‹ใซใƒใ‚บใƒŸใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:00
There is a mouse living
556
2280426
3320
38:03
in my cupboard.
557
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1418
็งใฎ้ฃŸๅ™จๆฃšใซใƒใ‚บใƒŸใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:05
So one mouse, many mice.
558
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4955
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1 ๅŒนใฎใƒใ‚บใƒŸใงใ‚‚ใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒใ‚บใƒŸใงใ‚‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
38:10
It's also interesting to note that
559
2290269
2670
ใพใŸใ€
38:12
this also I've heard people use
560
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3636
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ไบบใ€…ใŒ
38:16
this particular thing in its plural sense.
561
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3370
ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
38:20
So one computer mouse.
562
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3637
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใŒ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
38:23
Many computer mice,
563
2303833
6122
ๅคšใใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใƒžใ‚ฆใ‚นใŒ
38:30
I have heard that used,
564
2310039
2252
ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
38:32
although I know it's not used very often, to be honest.
565
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ใŒใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ใพใ‚Šไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:36
It isn't used all the time.
566
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2402
ๅธธใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:38
Here's another one.
567
2318747
2136
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:40
knife. Knife.
568
2320883
2502
ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€‚ ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€‚
38:43
This is an interesting word for many reasons, because, of course,
569
2323385
3487
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็†็”ฑใง่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
38:46
we also have the silent letter as well.
570
2326872
3270
ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒฌใƒณใƒˆใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:50
We have the letter K, which is silent
571
2330225
5539
K ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
38:55
K in knife.
572
2335848
4054
ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒฌใƒณใƒˆ K ใงใ™ใ€‚
38:59
When we have the plural, of course, we add something to the end.
573
2339985
4171
่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:04
Knives. Knives.
574
2344173
3954
ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€‚ ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€‚
39:08
So your knife becomes knives.
575
2348193
4722
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใฏใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:12
Maybe if you are setting the table for your meal,
576
2352998
3837
ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€้ฃŸไบ‹ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ปใƒƒใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎ
39:16
you might have to put some knives on the table.
577
2356952
5088
ไธŠใซใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ฝฎใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
39:22
One knife.
578
2362124
1802
ใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•1ๆœฌใ€‚
39:23
Many knives.
579
2363926
7107
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒŠใ‚คใƒ•ใ€‚
39:31
Yes. There are some
580
2371116
2252
ใฏใ„ใ€‚
39:33
nouns that don't change.
581
2373368
2252
ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใชใ„ๅ่ฉžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:35
You all right?
582
2375620
868
ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
39:36
I will be looking at those in a moment.
583
2376488
2102
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใปใฉ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
39:38
So don't worry.
584
2378590
868
ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
39:39
I haven't forgotten about those.
585
2379458
3003
็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
39:42
Don't panic.
586
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ๆ…Œใฆใชใ„ใงใ€‚
39:43
Here's another one.
587
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1868
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:45
Fungus.
588
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3854
็œŸ่Œใ€‚ ใฎ
39:49
It is a type of.
589
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1318
ไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
39:50
Well.
590
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617
่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
39:51
Do you know that fungus is a very interesting thing?
591
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่Œ้กžใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
39:55
Because fungus is neither plant nor animal
592
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€่Œ้กžใฏใใฎๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ๆ–นใ‹ใ‚‰ๆค็‰ฉใงใ‚‚ๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ‚‚ใชใ„
40:00
because of the way it behaves.
593
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2252
ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:02
Very strange.
594
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951
้žๅธธใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ€‚
40:03
Very interesting thing.
595
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1885
ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
40:05
Fungus.
596
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็œŸ่Œใ€‚
40:07
Without fungus, life on Earth would be very hard.
597
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่Œ้กžใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅœฐ็ƒไธŠใฎ็”Ÿๅ‘ฝใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
40:12
Indeed. It would fungus.
598
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็œŸ่Œใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:15
It seems like a very simple thing
599
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2869
40:17
when you see a mushroom in a forest,
600
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ๆฃฎใงใ‚ญใƒŽใ‚ณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€
40:21
or maybe you see some mould growing on on a tomato.
601
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ใƒˆใƒžใƒˆใซใ‚ซใƒ“ใŒ็”Ÿใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ˜็ด”ใชใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
40:28
Fungus is a very important thing.
602
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่Œใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅคงๅˆ‡ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
40:32
And of course, if you are using the plural,
603
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
40:35
you say fungi, fungi.
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fungiใ€fungi ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:40
And you might notice here, I've actually made sure
605
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ใ“ใ“ใงใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
40:42
that the eye is more apparent.
606
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็›ฎใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:46
So there it is. You see?
607
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1535
ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
40:47
Can you see it?
608
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1084
่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
40:48
The letter I. Fungi.
609
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ๆ–‡ๅญ— I. ่Œ้กžใ€‚
40:52
Some people say I am a fungi.
610
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4004
็งใ‚’่Œ้กžใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:56
A fungi to be around.
611
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2769
่บซ่ฟ‘ใซใ„ใ‚‹่Œ้กžใ€‚
40:59
It's not lovely.
612
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868
็ด ๆ•ตใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
41:00
Very nice.
613
2460071
3003
้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
41:03
Do I have a Facebook account?
614
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2069
Facebook ใ‚ขใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
41:05
You mean me?
615
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967
ใคใพใ‚Š็งใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
41:06
Do I have a Facebook account?
616
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Facebook ใ‚ขใ‚ซใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
41:08
Yes, I do.
617
2468162
1902
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
41:10
I do. Thank you very much.
618
2470064
2035
็งใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
41:12
I might put it on the screen in a moment if you want to see it.
619
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ใ™ใใซ็”ป้ขใซ่กจ็คบใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
41:15
Yes, I'll put it there.
620
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใฃใฆใ‚‚
41:17
Don't worry
621
2477405
1918
ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
41:19
if I can find it.
622
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2136
ใ€‚
41:21
So the plural of fungus is fungi.
623
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€fungus ใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใฏ fungi ใงใ™ใ€‚
41:27
I will see if I can find my Facebook address.
624
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5389
็งใฎFacebookใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
41:32
I will put it on the screen for you.
625
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็”ป้ขใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
41:35
Where is it?
626
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ใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
41:36
there it is right now.
627
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4421
ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:41
So there is my Facebook address.
628
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็งใฎFacebookใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:44
And yes, you must use the capital letters there.
629
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ“ใงใฏๅคงๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:48
So you must write it like this.
630
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ›ธใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:51
So that is my Facebook page for those who are interested.
631
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎ Facebook ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
41:57
It's been a long time since I've showed you my Facebook page,
632
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็งใฎFacebookใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใกใพใ—ใŸ
42:02
or at least the address.
633
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1952
ใ€‚
42:04
Anyway,
634
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1468
ใจใซใ‹ใใ€
42:05
back to our list.
635
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2670
ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
42:08
Now. We do have some words, of course, that don't change.
636
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ไปŠใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
42:12
And this also makes them irregular.
637
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ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใพใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:15
So quite often when we look at certain things,
638
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
42:20
if there is one of them or many of them,
639
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€
42:23
the word remains the same.
640
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3787
ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏๅŒใ˜ใพใพใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
42:27
For example, and I'm sure you can
641
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
42:31
guess what I'm going to say sheep.
642
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3003
็พŠใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใฃใจใŠๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:34
There are many sheep living at the back of my house,
643
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็งใฎๅฎถใฎ่ฃใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็พŠใŒไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€
42:38
so of course you can have one sheep or many sheep.
644
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใ‚’้ฃผใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ไฝ•ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใ‚’้ฃผใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
42:44
We often say Flock a flock of sheep.
645
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใใ€ŒFlockใ€ใจใฏ็พŠใฎ็พคใ‚Œใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
42:49
So maybe there is one sheep
646
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใฒใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใŒ
42:51
walking around on its own feeling lonely.
647
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ๅญค็‹ฌใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใชใŒใ‚‰ๆญฉใๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
42:55
Or maybe you have many sheep
648
2575752
2953
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็พŠใŒ
42:58
walking around in a field.
649
2578772
4521
้‡ŽๅŽŸใ‚’ๆญฉใๅ›žใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:03
So it is possible to do that.
650
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
43:06
It is possible to have one sheep
651
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2986
43:10
or many sheep in that particular sense.
652
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4088
็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ€ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใ‚’้ฃผใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ๅคšๆ•ฐใฎ็พŠใ‚’้ฃผใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
43:14
The actual word will stay the same.
653
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:18
So you have one sheep, you have many sheep.
654
2598041
4688
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ็พŠใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
43:22
In this particular sense, it doesn't change at all.
655
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3604
ใ“ใฎ็‚นใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:26
Thus it becomes irregular
656
2606499
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช้ญšใซใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™
43:33
fish.
657
2613006
1234
ใ€‚
43:34
Now this is quite a technical one
658
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3304
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠๆŠ€่ก“็š„ใช่ฉฑใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
43:37
because there is more to remember when we talk about fish.
659
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4037
ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ้ญšใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใฏ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
43:41
First of all, when we look at fish generally,
660
2621748
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ใพใšใ€้ญšๅ…จ่ˆฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
43:47
we look at one fish as being an individual, one fish.
661
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็งใŸใกใฏไธ€ๅŒนใฎ้ญšใ‚’ไธ€ๅ€‹ไฝ“ใ€ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ้ญšใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:53
But the plural of fish
662
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€fishใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ‚‚
43:58
is also fish.
663
2638097
2603
fishใงใ™ใ€‚
44:00
There are many fish in the ocean.
664
2640700
3937
ๆตทใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้ญšใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:04
There is one fish.
665
2644720
1685
้ญšใŒไธ€ๅŒนใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
44:06
There are fish to be caught
666
2646405
4588
44:11
in this river.
667
2651077
1651
ใ“ใฎๅทใซใฏ้‡ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹้ญšใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
44:12
There are many fish in this river.
668
2652728
3320
ใ“ใฎๅทใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้ญšใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:16
So we often use fish
669
2656115
2503
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้ญšใ‚’
44:18
as an irregular plural. Now,
670
2658618
5889
ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใจใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใงใฏ
44:24
however,
671
2664573
1202
ใ€
44:25
and this is the rule that a lot of people forget,
672
2665775
3787
ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒซใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใŒใ€
44:29
we can also say fishes
673
2669645
3854
44:33
when we are talking about many different types
674
2673582
4004
ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กž
44:37
of fish, many different species of fish.
675
2677653
5989
ใฎ้ญšใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ้ญšใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใ€Œ้ญšใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
44:43
So when we are talking about more than one type of fish,
676
2683726
4738
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ้ญšใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ ใ€ใ€Œ
44:48
we say fishes.
677
2688547
3620
้ญšใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:52
I went to the market the other day.
678
2692234
2519
ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅๅธ‚ๅ ดใซ่กŒใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
44:54
There were many fishes, a selection of fishes.
679
2694753
5839
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้ญšใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช้ญšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
45:00
That means there are many different types.
680
2700676
3337
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
45:04
So quite often when we are listing different
681
2704096
2486
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช
45:06
types of fish, we often say fishes.
682
2706582
3720
็จฎ้กžใฎ้ญšใ‚’ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ‚ˆใใ€Œfishใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:10
It is possible to do that.
683
2710386
3737
ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
45:14
It is possible to do that.
684
2714206
3270
ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
45:17
Here's another one.
685
2717559
918
ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:18
Skin.
686
2718477
2836
่‚Œใ€‚
45:21
We have skin all over
687
2721313
3003
็งใŸใกใฎไฝ“ใฎใ„ใŸใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใซ็šฎ่†šใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
45:24
our body is it is the largest organ in the human body
688
2724433
5472
ใใ‚Œใฏ
45:29
because it covers all of us really all over.
689
2729988
4088
็งใŸใกๅ…จๅ“กใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ฆ†ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไบบไฝ“ใงๆœ€ๅคงใฎๅ™จๅฎ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
45:34
We are completely covered in skin.
690
2734142
3404
็งใŸใกใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็šฎ่†šใง่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:37
Skin can also be used
691
2737629
3003
Skin ใฏ
45:40
as an irregular verb skin.
692
2740832
5089
ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใ‚นใ‚ญใƒณใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
45:46
So you don't say skins.
693
2746004
2252
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒณใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
45:48
Your skin is still skin.
694
2748256
2903
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‚Œใฏใพใ ่‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
45:51
If it is a small piece of skin
695
2751159
2886
ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‰ฅใŒใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใช็šฎ่†š็‰‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰
45:54
that you peel off your body, maybe you've been in the sun,
696
2754045
4789
ใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคช้™ฝใฎไธ‹ใซใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
45:58
maybe you've been sunbathing, you have a little piece of skin
697
2758867
5405
ๆ—ฅๅ…‰ๆตดใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่บซไฝ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‰ฅใŒใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใช็šฎ่†š็‰‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:04
that you peel from your body because you've been in the sun
698
2764272
3921
ๅคช้™ฝใŒ
46:08
for too long.
699
2768193
7007
้•ทใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
46:15
Skin.
700
2775283
1101
่‚Œใ€‚
46:16
However, if you have different types
701
2776384
5055
ใŸใ ใ—ใ€่‚Œใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
46:21
of skin, maybe you have different animal skins.
702
2781523
4871
ใ€ๅ‹•็‰ฉใฎ็šฎใ‚‚็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:26
So when you have different types of skin,
703
2786478
4504
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ่‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
46:31
different types of skin, may maybe
704
2791065
4138
ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ่‚Œใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใฎ
46:35
the animal that the skin comes from
705
2795286
3003
่‚ŒใŒ็”ฑๆฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€
46:38
or maybe the different pigmentation or colour skins,
706
2798373
5989
ใพใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹่‰ฒ็ด ๆฒˆ็€ใ‚„่‰ฒใฎ่‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
46:44
so different skins can relate to different types of skin.
707
2804445
6690
ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่‚ŒใŒ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ่‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
46:51
So when we talk about one individual, we talk about their skin.
708
2811219
4121
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒไธ€ไบบใฎๅ€‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใใฎไบบใฎ่‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
46:55
But if we are comparing different types of skin,
709
2815423
4004
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใ‚นใ‚ญใƒณใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œ
46:59
we can say skins.
710
2819494
4337
ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒณใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
47:03
It is an interesting subject.
711
2823915
6189
่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใงใ™ใ€‚
47:10
People,
712
2830188
1968
ไบบใ€
47:12
one person, many people.
713
2832156
4421
ไธ€ไบบใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใ€‚
47:16
So we can say one person when we talking
714
2836661
2586
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ€‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€1 ไบบใ€
47:19
about an individual, one person,
715
2839247
3837
1 ไบบใ€
47:23
one individual,
716
2843167
2619
1 ไบบใฎๅ€‹ไบบใ€
47:25
one person standing on their own.
717
2845786
4805
1 ไบบใง่‡ช็ซ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
47:30
However, when we talk about the plural
718
2850675
3053
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใพใŸใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
47:33
or more than one, we say many people,
719
2853878
3003
ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใ€
47:36
many people gathered
720
2856947
3821
ๅคšใใฎไบบใ€…ใŒใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณ
47:40
to say goodbye to Mr.
721
2860835
1501
ๆฐใซๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ‘Šใ’ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้›†ใพใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
47:42
Duncan.
722
2862336
3187
ใ€‚
47:45
Many people came to my birthday party,
723
2865606
4221
็งใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€
47:49
or maybe perhaps only only one person
724
2869894
3903
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใŸใฃใŸไธ€ไบบใ—ใ‹
47:53
came to my birthday party.
725
2873797
5356
็งใฎ่ช•็”Ÿๆ—ฅใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
47:59
That has never happened, by the way.
726
2879236
3270
ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
48:02
Well, okay.
727
2882590
784
ใพใ‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
48:03
It may have happened a couple of times.
728
2883374
2219
ใใ‚Œใฏๆ•ฐๅ›ž่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:05
So one person or many people.
729
2885593
5138
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ€ไบบใงใ‚‚่ค‡ๆ•ฐไบบใงใ‚‚ใ€‚
48:10
Many people, one person.
730
2890814
3420
ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใ€ไธ€ไบบใ€‚
48:14
So you can see quite often we will use plural in
731
2894318
5388
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่ฆๅ‰‡็š„ใŠใ‚ˆใณไธ่ฆๅ‰‡็š„ใซ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
48:19
regular and irregular.
732
2899773
3003
ใ€‚
48:22
One cat pets,
733
2902876
3237
ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็Œซใฏใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
48:26
one sheep is still sheep.
734
2906196
4672
ไธ€ๅŒนใฎ็พŠใฏไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ็พŠใงใ™ใ€‚
48:30
Unless, of course, you are talking about different
735
2910934
3704
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹
48:34
species or different types of sheep.
736
2914721
4171
็จฎใ‚„็•ฐใชใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ็พŠใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅˆฅใงใ™ใŒใ€‚
48:38
Maybe.
737
2918976
3003
ๅคšๅˆ†ใ€‚
48:42
But that's not true.
738
2922129
984
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:43
It only applies to fish.
739
2923113
2519
ใใ‚Œใฏ้ญšใซใฎใฟ้ฉ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
48:45
Just in case you're wondering.
740
2925632
3821
็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆใ€‚
48:49
yes, of course.
741
2929536
1084
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:50
Giovani on Wednesday.
742
2930620
2436
ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ธใƒงใƒใƒ‹ใ€‚
48:53
The live stream has
743
2933056
2987
ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใซใฏ1ไบบใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™
48:56
one person.
744
2936043
1084
ใ€‚
48:57
That's me.
745
2937127
1868
ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใงใ™ใ€‚
48:58
So one person is presenting on Wednesday.
746
2938995
3838
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏ 1 ไบบใŒ็™บ่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:02
But on Sunday there are two people presenting.
747
2942916
4755
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏ2ไบบใŒใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:07
So today there is just me.
748
2947754
2269
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งไธ€ไบบใ ใ‘ใ€‚
49:10
One in the virtual one person.
749
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ไปฎๆƒณไธ€ไบบใฎไธญใซไธ€ไบบใ€‚
49:13
On Sunday there will be two people.
750
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏ2ๅๆง˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
49:17
Two people.
751
2957981
1768
ไบŒไบบใ€‚
49:19
One person.
752
2959749
1468
ไธ€ไบบใ€‚
49:21
Two people.
753
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8108
ไบŒไบบใ€‚
49:29
thank you for your company today, by the way.
754
2969409
2853
ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:32
It's nice to see you here. By the way.
755
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2068
ใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€‚ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎ
49:34
I know sometimes Wednesday can be difficult
756
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ไธญใซใฏใ€
49:38
for some of you because of your own work
757
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5439
่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไป•ไบ‹
49:43
or, your own life.
758
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3970
ใ‚„่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎใ›ใ„ใงใ€ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใŒใคใ‚‰ใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:47
I know you have lots of things that you have to do,
759
2987861
2402
ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆ‰ฟ็Ÿฅใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
49:50
but the good news is there is good news.
760
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ใŒใ€่‰ฏใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
49:53
You can watch this live stream again as many times as you want.
761
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ใ“ใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใงใ‚‚่ฆ–่ดใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
49:59
So if you want to look at this again and review
762
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
50:03
my list of irregular plural nouns, you can.
763
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็งใฎไธ่ฆๅ‰‡่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅ่ฉžใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹็›ดใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
50:07
You are more than welcome to do so.
764
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ใœใฒใใ†ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
50:11
I look forward to seeing you again very soon.
765
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่ฟ‘ใ„ใ†ใกใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
50:15
Isn't that nice?
766
3015104
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็ด ๆ•ตใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:19
Louis says Mr.
767
3019876
1167
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ•ใ‚“ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
50:21
Duncan.
768
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417
50:21
I have seen persons as plural.
769
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ใ€‚
็งใฏไบบใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
50:25
Yes, you can use persons as plural,
770
3025631
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไบบใ‚’่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
50:29
but in standard English, you won't.
771
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2586
ใŒใ€ๆจ™ๆบ–่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:31
You won't use persons, but you can use it
772
3031938
4554
ไบบใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
50:36
person or, persons.
773
3036575
2770
ไบบใ‚„ไบบใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚‚ๆง‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:39
If you are talking about something that might be
774
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3120
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
50:42
a happening or a situation you're unsure of.
775
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3370
็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใ‚„็Šถๆณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
50:45
So you might say,
776
3045918
2419
ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
50:48
I heard a noise in my garden
777
3048337
4388
ๅบญใง็‰ฉ้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใฎใงใ€
50:52
and I would like to find out the person
778
3052808
3787
50:56
or persons involved in that.
779
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4721
ใใ‚Œใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ็‰ฉใ‚’่ชฟในใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:01
So yes, you can use it, but generally speaking, you don't use it all the time.
780
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5005
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ€ ๅธธใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎๅฎถใฎๅค–ใซใฏ
51:06
You wouldn't say there were many persons
781
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ้›†ใพใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
51:10
gathering outside Mr.
782
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2520
51:12
Duncan's house.
783
3072695
1117
ใ€‚
51:13
You would say there were many people.
784
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2870
ไบบใŒๅคšใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
51:16
So quite often in this situation where you are maybe guessing
785
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
51:21
or maybe you are unsure, you can say person, persons
786
3081487
6439
ใ‹ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใชใ„ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใใ€Œไบบ็‰ฉใ€ไธๆ˜Žไบบ็‰ฉใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
51:27
unknown.
787
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1084
ใ€‚
51:29
I did not know if there was one person there
788
3089077
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ใใ“ใซไธ€ไบบใฎไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚
51:32
or many people you can say person or persons,
789
3092748
5105
ไฝ•ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€
51:37
but in that situation you can say it,
790
3097936
2987
ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใงใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
51:41
but in most situations you can't, you see.
791
3101023
3970
ใŒใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ็Šถๆณใงใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
51:45
Thank you very much for your company today.
792
3105077
2085
ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
51:47
I hope you've enjoyed this.
793
3107162
1752
ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
51:48
Of course, it's also worth remembering quite often
794
3108914
3303
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
51:52
when we are talking about possessive,
795
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3002
ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใไพกๅ€คใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
51:55
that is a very different thing altogether.
796
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
51:58
So there is a big difference between plural and possessive.
797
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใจๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใฎ้–“ใซใฏๅคงใใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:03
Plural means more than one.
798
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2669
่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
52:06
Possessive means belonging to someone.
799
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5556
ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใจใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฑžใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:12
So there is a big difference between those things.
800
3132070
4805
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–“ใซใฏๅคงใใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:16
Anyway, it is coming up
801
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1835
ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใ€
52:18
to 7 minutes away from 3:00,
802
3138793
5039
3ๆ™‚ใพใงใ‚ใจ7ๅˆ†ใจใชใ‚Šใ€
52:23
and it's also time for me to say goodbye.
803
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3070
ใŠๅˆฅใ‚Œใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:26
I will see you very soon. Don't forget Mr.
804
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2969
ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใŠไผšใ„ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
52:29
Steve with us next Sunday.
805
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4121
ๆฌกใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใŒ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
52:34
Also, you might notice yesterday
806
3154142
2736
ใพใŸใ€ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€
52:36
I have put an edited version of last Sunday's live stream
807
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5889
ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฎๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฎ็ทจ้›†ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’
52:42
on my YouTube channel so you can watch a short version of Sunday's
808
3162851
6706
็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซๆŠ•็จฟใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€
52:49
live stream where I'm talking all about one particular subject,
809
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6139
็งใŒ 1 ใคใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใ™ในใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใฎ็Ÿญใ„ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ฆ–่ดใงใ
52:55
and you can find that on my YouTube channel.
810
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ€‚
52:58
Thank you very much, Dorothy.
811
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ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ‰ใƒญใ‚ทใƒผใ€‚
53:01
Thank you very much, Vitus Thank you very much, Beatrice.
812
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5288
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒดใ‚ฃใƒผใƒˆใ‚ฅใ‚น ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
53:06
Most staff, thank you very much for joining me today.
813
3186824
6223
ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใŠ้›†ใพใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:13
It was a very interesting live stream.
814
3193114
2519
ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚
53:15
Thank you very much.
815
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5539
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:21
Dorothy asks, News is news.
816
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ใƒ‰ใƒญใ‚ทใƒผใฏๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
53:26
Yes. Well, news is the actual thing.
817
3206410
3888
ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
53:30
You have news.
818
3210364
2586
ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:32
So news is always expressed as plural.
819
3212950
5472
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฏๅธธใซ่ค‡ๆ•ฐๅฝขใง่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
53:38
So you never say new.
820
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2402
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฑบใ—ใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€‚
53:40
If you are talking about information you are receiving
821
3220908
3237
ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
53:44
because you might be receiving lots of different types of information.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
53:48
So when you hear the news,
823
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2953
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’่žใใจใ€
53:51
you are finding out the things that are new.
824
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:55
So it is a very interesting phrase that, well, when we say news,
825
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใŒใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ไปŠ่ตทใ“โ€‹โ€‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆ
54:00
we are talking about all of the things, all of the things that are happening right now.
826
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ใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
54:05
Maybe something you did not know.
827
3245099
2018
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
54:07
But now you do. You have
828
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠใฏใใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
54:10
the news.
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ใ€‚
54:12
You know what is happening.
830
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
54:14
Thank you very much for your company back on Sunday.
831
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3537
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใพใŸใŠไป˜ใๅˆใ„ใ„ใŸใ ใใ€่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
54:18
Don't forget to PM UK.
832
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2670
่‹ฑๅ›ฝ้ฆ–็›ธใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
54:21
Time is when I'm back with you on Sunday.
833
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3153
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซ่กŒใใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
54:24
Don't forget and I will be with you live on Sunday.
834
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ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ”ไธ€็ท’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅคฉๆฐ—ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใฎใงใ€
54:29
I will leave you with some lovely views outside
835
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ๅค–ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
54:32
because the weather today is rather nice.
836
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3504
ใ€‚
54:35
It really does feel as if autumn is in the air, I have to say.
837
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4338
ใพใ•ใซ็ง‹ใฎๆฐ—้…ใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใญ ใ€‚
54:40
So I'm going to show you
838
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
54:42
a lovely view outside and I will see you on Sunday.
839
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4571
ๅค–ใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชๆ™ฏ่‰ฒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€
54:47
This is Mr.
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667
54:48
Duncan in the birthplace of English, saying Thank you for watching.
841
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4621
่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ ใ€‚
54:52
See you later.
842
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1284
ใพใŸๅพŒใงใ€‚
54:54
And of course, until the next time we meet.
843
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2353
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฌกใซไผšใ†ๆ™‚ใพใงใ€‚
54:56
You know what's coming next.
844
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3186
ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
54:59
Give me a like and I will give you a happy wave, as I say...
845
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6389
ใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ๅนธใ›ใชๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŒฏใฃใฆใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€
55:06
ta ta for now.
846
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1618
ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใฏใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใจ่จ€ใ„ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€‚
55:09
See you on Sunday.
847
3309246
1201
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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