English Addict - 2nd OCTOBER 2024 -๐Ÿ”ดLIVE stream TOPIC - 'BOOK idioms' - Chat Live & Learn English

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2024-10-03 ใƒป English Addict with Mr Duncan


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English Addict - 2nd OCTOBER 2024 -๐Ÿ”ดLIVE stream TOPIC - 'BOOK idioms' - Chat Live & Learn English

2,560 views ใƒป 2024-10-03

English Addict with Mr Duncan


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

03:47
I would describe today's weather
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๅคฉๆฐ—ใฏ
03:49
as gloomy, cloudy, and a little bit dull.
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ใ€่–„ๆš—ใๆ›‡ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—ใฉใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใจใ—ใŸๅคฉๆฐ—ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:56
Unlike my studio, where everything is lovely and bright and cheerful.
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ใ™ในใฆใŒ็ด ๆ•ตใงๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใๆฅฝใ—ใ„็งใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
Here we go again.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใพใŸใ‹ใ€‚
04:02
It is English addict coming to you live and direct from the birthplace of the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใŒ ่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใ‹ใ‚‰็›ดๆŽฅใ‚ใชใŸใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใธใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
04:10
We all know where it is. You know where it is.
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็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
04:14
Everyone knows it is.
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:16
Of course, England. And?
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ๏ผŸ
04:28
I'm. All back together again.
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็งใฏใ€‚ ใฟใ‚“ใชใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:35
I hope you are having a super duper day today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:40
Hey, you!
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ใญใˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ๏ผ
04:44
I really hope everything is going nice where you are.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ในใฆใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:48
Hi, everybody. This is Mr. Duncan in England.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:53
How are you today? Are you okay?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:55
I hope so.
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ใใ†ใ ใจใ„ใ„ใ€‚
04:57
Are you happy?
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ๅนธใ›ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:58
I hope you are feeling good today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:00
I hope everything in your world is
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ–็•Œใฎใ™ในใฆใŒ่ถ…็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:05
super duper.
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ใ€‚
05:07
Is it? I really hope so.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
My name is Duncan.
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:11
I talk about the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:13
I am now with you live, not recorded.
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็งใฏไปŠใ€้Œฒ้Ÿณใงใฏใชใใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:18
This is 100% live as we are now streaming on Wednesday.
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็พๅœจๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 100% ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:26
It is no ordinary Wednesday because.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆ™ฎ้€šใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:32
We have made it all the way to October.
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10ๆœˆใพใงไธ€ๆฐ—ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:35
October is now here and if you are a person who watches quite often, even if you are new here, I will explain.
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10ๆœˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ‚ˆใใ”่ฆงใซใชใ‚‹ๆ–นใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ๅˆใ‚ใฆใฎๆ–นใงใ‚‚ใ”่ชฌๆ˜Žใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:46
October is an important month because it is the month when I started my
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10 ๆœˆใฏ้‡่ฆใชๆœˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎๆœˆใฏ็งใŒ 2006 ๅนดใซ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—ใŸๆœˆใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
05:53
YouTube channel way back in
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05:59
2006, that is a very long time ago.
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ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ˜”ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:04
Can you remember that far back? What were you doing?
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ใใ‚“ใช้ ใ„ๆ˜”ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:09
That's a good question.
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่‰ฏใ„่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
06:10
What were you doing in 2006?
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2006ๅนดใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
06:16
I know it's a very long time ago.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ˜”ใฎใ“ใจใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:18
It is a distant time.
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้ ใ„ๆ™‚ไปฃใงใ™ใ€‚
06:22
Long ago.
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ๆ˜”ใ€‚
06:24
The world was so different back then. Life
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ๅฝ“ๆ™‚ใฏไธ–็•ŒใŒๅ…จใ้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไบบ็”Ÿใฏใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซ
06:30
seemed
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่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ—ใŸ
06:33
simple. It wasn't.
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ใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:35
Of course it wasn't.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:36
2006 wasn't a simple year.
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2006 ๅนดใฏๅ˜็ด”ใชๅนดใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:41
There were many things happening around the world. Quite a few of them.
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใง่‰ฒใ€…ใชใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎๆ•ฐใงใ™ใ€‚
06:45
Not very nice, but
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
06:48
2006 is when I started, and it was at the end of October 2006 when I started doing my YouTube
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็งใŒ YouTube ๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฎใฏ 2006 ๅนดใงใ€YouTube ๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฎใฏ 2006 ๅนดใฎ 10 ๆœˆๆœซใง
06:58
videos, and later on I started doing this as well.
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ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:04
The strange thing is now this is the most incredible part.
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ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใซใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:09
When I started doing my YouTube videos, there was no live streaming.
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็งใŒ YouTube ๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:16
It didn't exist.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใฎใฉใ“ใซใ‚‚
07:18
You couldn't live stream
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ
07:21
anywhere on the internet.
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใฏ
07:23
It was very hard to do for two reasons one,
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้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ—ใŸใ€‚็†็”ฑใฏ 2 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚1 ใคใฏใ€
07:28
computers were not powerful enough to do it.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฎ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใŒๅๅˆ†ใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:32
And the other thing, the internet speed was also not very good.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใฎ้€Ÿๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:39
So a lot of people were still using very slow internet.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ้žๅธธใซ้…ใ„ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
07:43
Even as late as 2006, you might be surprised to find out that.
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2006 ๅนดใฎๆ™‚็‚นใงใ•ใˆใ€ใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใŸใ‚‰้ฉšใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:51
But of course, now we are in 2024 and everything
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็พๅœจใฏ 2024 ๅนดใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ™ในใฆใŒ
07:57
is so much better.
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ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:01
Almost.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ€‚
08:02
It's almost better.
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ใปใผ่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:04
We do still have a few problems in the world, which may or may not be sorted out.
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ไธ–็•Œใซใฏใพใ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ่งฃๆฑบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€่งฃๆฑบใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:11
Hello to the live chat!
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใธใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ๏ผ
08:14
It's nice to see you here as well.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:17
By the way, we have lots of things to talk about.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:20
Of course, we always have a subject.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏๅธธใซไธป้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:23
We always have something we like to discuss.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
I will talk to you here.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:29
And of course, you can chat to me on the live chat.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใง็งใจใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
Why not give it a try?
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ใœใฒ่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใฏใ„ใ‹ใŒใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:37
Don't be shy.
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใŒใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
08:38
Go on. Have a go.
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็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใœใฒ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:40
You never know.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:41
You might actually enjoy it.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:45
Today we are looking at words and phrases connected to books.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏๆœฌใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:50
Reading books.
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ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ€‚
08:52
When was the last time you actually read a book?
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใ ใฎใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹?
08:57
An actual book.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎๆœฌใ€‚
08:58
Something that you picked up and you opened and you turned the pages very slowly.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ–ใ‚Šใ€้–‹ใ„ใฆ ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:06
And you read the book.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:08
Where was the last time you actually sat down and looked at a real book?
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅบงใฃใฆ ๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใฎใฏใฉใ“ใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
09:15
Not something on the internet, not an audio book.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:19
That's cheating.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธๆญฃ่กŒ็‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
09:21
An actual, real book.
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ๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎใ€ๆœฌ็‰ฉใฎๆœฌใ€‚
09:23
When was the last time? We are looking at words and phrases connected to that very thing.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฏใ„ใคใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใพใ•ใซใใฎใ“ใจใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:29
Also words and ways of expressing freshness.
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็ˆฝใ‚„ใ‹ใ•ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚„่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚‚ใ€‚
09:38
You might be surprised how many ways we can use it.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใชใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้ฉšใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:43
And another thing we're talking about today, a thing that we do.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎใ“ใจใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:48
I don't know if you do it, but we have to do it here.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ“ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:53
A type of chore that is really, really pointless.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใช้›‘็”จใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:00
We will be talking about that later on as well.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ๅพŒใปใฉใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:04
We have the live chat. Hello to the live chat.
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ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใธใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
10:07
It's nice to see you here today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:10
Who was first?
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่ชฐใŒๆœ€ๅˆใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
10:15
Why do I bother asking?
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ใชใœใ‚ใ–ใ‚ใ–ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:18
Really? Why do I bother asking?
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ ใชใœใ‚ใ–ใ‚ใ–ๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:22
We all know who was first.
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่ชฐใŒๆœ€ๅˆใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:24
We all know who was here first. On the live chat.
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่ชฐใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใŸใฎใ‹ใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใงใ€‚
10:28
Yes. He's at the top once again.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅ†ใณใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:32
It is, of course, Vytas.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒดใ‚ฃใ‚ฟใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
10:43
Now, if anyone is joining at this very second and they see me doing this,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใซ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
10:49
they will know that Vytas was first on the live chat.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏVytasใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใƒใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:56
They won't even have to guess.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆŽจๆธฌใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:58
They won't have to rewind the live stream to have a look.
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่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๅทปใๆˆปใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:04
They will know why I was doing that.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒใชใœใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:08
Congratulations.
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ใŠใ‚ใงใจใ†ใ€‚
11:09
Also we have we have sash sash or as I like to call you, double sash.
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ทใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ทใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ผใณใŸใ„ใฎใฏไบŒ้‡ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ทใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:17
Hello to you.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
11:18
Flower is here as well.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚‚่ŠฑใŒๆฅใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:23
We also have Palmira.
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ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:24
We have Claudia. Hello, Claudia. It's nice to see you here as well.
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ใ†ใกใซใฏใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:30
We also have.
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็งใŸใกใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:32
Oh, yes. He is here.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:36
You know who I'm talking about? The one.
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็งใŒ่ชฐใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใฎไบบใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
11:40
The only Luis Mendez,
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ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใŒ
11:45
is here today. Hello, Luis.
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ใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
11:48
Nice to see you back with us as well.
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ใพใŸ็งใŸใกใจไธ€็ท’ใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:51
I hope everything is going as well as it can in your world.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธ–็•Œใงใ™ในใฆใŒใ†ใพใใ„ใใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:57
Who else is here today? We have Zika.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไป–ใซ่ชฐใŒใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ธใ‚ซ็†ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:01
We have Beatriz. Hello, Beatriz.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚
12:06
I believe you will be soon
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใๅฑฑใ‹ใ‚‰
12:10
coming down
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ไธ‹ใ‚Šใฆใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
12:13
from the mountains.
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ใ€‚
12:17
So no more will I be able to use my echo effect for that.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚จใ‚ณใƒผๅŠนๆžœใ‚’ใใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:23
I hope you are having a good time where you are.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:26
And I hope you can receive me loud and clear, because I know some people are watching in very unusual places.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ้žๅธธใซ็ใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ๅคงใใชๅฃฐใงใฏใฃใใ‚Šใจ็งใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:37
I wonder
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12:39
what is the most unusual place that you are watching or have watched in the past?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซ่ฆ‹ใŸไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚็ใ—ใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใฏใฉใ“ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
12:46
I wonder where was the strangest place you've ever watched this?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง่ฆ‹ใŸไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใฏใฉใ“ใ ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
12:54
I wonder?
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็งใฏ็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใ†๏ผŸ
12:57
Maybe a place that you are too embarrassed to even mention.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใใฆ่จ€ใˆใชใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆง˜ๅญ
13:03
We will have to wait and see.
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ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:04
We might get some answers for that.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็ญ”ใˆใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:07
I have a feeling we want to be honest.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆฐ—ๆŒใกใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:11
Natural beauty.
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่‡ช็„ถใฎ็พŽใ—ใ•ใ€‚
13:13
Hello to you as well.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
13:15
Hello to natural beauty.
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่‡ช็„ถใฎ็พŽใ—ใ•ใธใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
13:21
It is nice when you see a person with their natural beauty.
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่‡ช็„ถใช็พŽใ—ใ•ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸไบบใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
13:26
Instead of all that horrible makeup all over their faces.
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้ก”ๅ…จไฝ“ใฎใฒใฉใ„ใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€‚
13:31
It is nice to have a little bit of natural beauty as well.
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸ่‡ช็„ถใฎ็พŽใ—ใ•ใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚
13:37
I'm not talking about myself, although I might be.
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็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:41
I haven't made up my mind yet.
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ใพใ ๆฑบๅฟƒใŒใคใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:43
Hello, Franco. Franco. Ferrari.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ณใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ณใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒฉใƒผใƒชใ€‚
13:47
I'm, I'm.
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็งใฏใ€็งใฏใ€‚ ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ไธๅฟซใซใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
13:50
I must stop doing these stupid noises because I'm sure it must put people off.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ„šใ‹ใช้จ’้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
13:57
If anyone is watching this for the first time,
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ๅˆใ‚ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใฆใ€
14:01
and the first thing you hear is me telling them I'm.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€็งใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใซ็งใŒใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
14:10
They probably think I am a bit weird.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:14
Of course you would be right.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:16
You would be correct.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:18
Be okay. Is here as well.
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ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:21
Virginia. Hello, Virginia.
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ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ€‚
14:24
Virginia and Rowan.
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ใƒดใ‚กใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใจใƒญใƒผใƒฏใƒณใ€‚
14:27
I watch you sometimes, and I like it very much.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ๆ‹่ฆ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:31
Thank you very much as well for saying that.
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ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:35
It's really cheered me up. Sometimes you need a lift.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใฅใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ‚จใƒฌใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:40
Sometimes you need to hear something positive to make you feel better.
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ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่žโ€‹โ€‹ใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:49
Thank you very much for that.
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่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:51
J f a Nala or Anjali says hello.
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J f a Nala ใพใŸใฏ Anjali ใŒๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:56
Hello to you as well. Thank you for joining me on this Wednesday afternoon.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ไปŠ้€ฑๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒใซใŠ้›†ใพใ‚Šใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:01
We have started a new month.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆœˆใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:03
October has arrived and I hope you will stay with me during the month of October.
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10ๆœˆใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚10ๆœˆไธญใŠไป˜ใๅˆใ„ใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:12
Lots of things to come.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:14
Maybe a few surprises as well.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้ฉšใใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:18
As we go through this month. We will see what happens.
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ไปŠๆœˆใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใไธญใงใ€‚ ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:25
Thank you very much for your company today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:28
It is nice to see so many people here.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใชใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎไบบใŒใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:31
Vista is here as well.
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ใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚‚ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:37
Although you have just
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15:40
deleted your message, I wonder what it was.
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ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€ไฝ“ไฝ•ใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
15:43
Was it something nice? So maybe you changed your mind?
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ„ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๆฐ—ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:46
I do this quite often.
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:48
I will be honest with you.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ็”ณใ—ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:49
Sometimes when I see something on the internet and I want to leave a comment.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
15:57
Sometimes.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€‚
16:01
I will type something,
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16:03
maybe in a moment of anger or frustration, and I will type something.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ€’ใ‚Šใ‚„ใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใฎ็žฌ้–“ใซใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:09
And then just before I send it,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้€ไฟกใ™ใ‚‹็›ดๅ‰ใซ
16:14
I change my mind.
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่€ƒใˆใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:17
I decide not to send it.
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้€ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
16:20
Instead, I delete it.
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:22
I delete the comment and I don't send it.
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฏๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆ้€ไฟกใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:26
Sometimes it is a good idea to do that.
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่‰ฏใ„่€ƒใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
16:30
We all have moments where we might feel strongly or we have a strong feeling about a certain thing, and
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็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๅผทใๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅผทใ„ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ‚’ๆŠฑใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹็žฌ้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
16:42
now and again we
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16:43
can lose control of what we are actually typing on the internet.
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆไธŠใงๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†…ๅฎนใ‚’ๅˆถๅพกใงใใชใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:49
So it can happen.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
16:51
It can happen.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:52
We've all done it.
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚
16:54
But I think sometimes when you type a comment,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€
16:58
always check, always read it before you send it.
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้€ไฟกใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซๅฟ…ใš็ขบ่ชใ—ใ€ๅฟ…ใš่ชญใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:04
Because these days there are people who save those messages.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏใใฎใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:10
They will see them and they will take a screenshot.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒณใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆ’ฎใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:15
So please be careful if you are feeling a little angry about something.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ€’ใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:20
Always think before you start typing.
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ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซๅฟ…ใš่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:23
I have had moments in my life where I have almost typed or sent an email.
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็งใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใฎไบบ็”Ÿใงใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ—ใŸใ‚Š้€ไฟกใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:32
That's a bad one.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ€ใƒกใ ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹
17:34
Never send an email to someone if you are feeling angry about something that they've done.
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ใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๆ€’ใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆใใฎไบบใซใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’้€ไฟกใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:42
Never do that.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:44
Always wait until you've calmed down, relax and then think about it.
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ๅธธใซ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใคใ‹ๅพŒๆ‚”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
17:51
Never do anything in anger because you might find that one day you will regret it.
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ๆฑบใ—ใฆๆ€’ใ‚Šใฎใพใพใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
18:01
Palmira
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18:01
says there was a time when your live stream would start at 10 p.m.
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ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใ•ใ‚“
ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ– ใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒ ใŒๅˆๅพŒ 10 ๆ™‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:08
in my country.
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็งใฎๅ›ฝใงใฏใ€‚
18:10
Oh, yes.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:12
Now, that was when I used to do my live streams very late on Wednesday night.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŒๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅคœ้…ใใพใงใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–้…ไฟกใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ้ ƒใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
18:18
Who remembers my late and live English lessons?
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็งใฎ้…ใใพใงใฎ็”Ÿใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ชฐใŒ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:25
That's going back quite a long way.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ˜”ใซ้กใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:27
But apparently Palmira had to wear headphones so you wouldn't disturb anyone else.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใƒ‘ใƒซใƒŸใƒฉใฏ ไป–ใฎไบบใฎ้‚ช้ญ”ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใ‚’็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:35
That is one of the things you see.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎไธ€ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
18:37
So if it is after midnight and everyone is asleep.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็œŸๅคœไธญใ‚’้ŽใŽใฆใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใŒ็œ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
18:41
But you want to listen to Mr.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใงใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใŸใ„ใชใ‚‰
18:42
Duncan on the internet, then yes.
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ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:45
Perhaps you should wear some.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ„ใใคใ‹็€ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
18:49
Earphones or headphones.
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ใ‚คใƒคใƒ›ใƒณใพใŸใฏใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ‰ใƒ›ใƒณใ€‚
18:52
Or you can just read the captions. I suppose,
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
18:58
which is a good thing, because then you don't have to listen to my voice.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐ็งใฎๅฃฐใ‚’่žใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:01
You can just watch what I'm saying.
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็งใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŸใ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
19:04
But it is true.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:05
So I would say that maybe, perhaps you were listening to me whilst lying down in bed.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใซๆจชใŸใ‚ใ‚ŠใชใŒใ‚‰็งใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:12
I don't know.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
19:13
So I am wondering what.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไฝ•ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใซ
19:15
What the strangest thing you've done or been in the place you've been in whilst watching me.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ„ใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฎไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใ€‚
19:25
Hello to
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Hello to
19:28
Natural Beauty is also watching in India.
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Natural Beautyใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ‚‚ๆณจ็›ฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:33
That is very good. Thank you very much.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:36
I know I have a lot of new viewers.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ฆ–่ด่€…ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:38
A lot of people now are watching in India.
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ไปŠใงใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ใงๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ่ฆ–่ดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:43
Thank you very much for the as well.
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ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:48
Today we have a couple of topics to look at.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
19:52
We have some words. We have some phrases.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:55
You know I love the English language.
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็งใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใชใฎใฏใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:58
And I have a feeling maybe perhaps you like English as well.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚่‹ฑ่ชžใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:05
There are a lot of words, a lot of phrases in the English language.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:12
And here is an interesting word that can be used in many
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใช่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™
20:18
interesting ways.
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ใ€‚ ่ฆ—ใ„
20:20
Would you like to have a look? Here we go.
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ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
20:22
So here is one of the many words we will be looking at today.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:28
This word is fresh.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใญใ€‚
20:32
It's a great word.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
20:34
I always think this particular word is quite positive.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ ใจใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:38
It's quite happy a word.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใฎไธ€่จ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:41
You always think of something positive.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
20:44
When you think of fresh, something that is fresh, it's is new.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ“ใจใ€ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
20:52
It has not been done before.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
20:55
So perhaps the thing
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
20:58
that is being done that has never been done before.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
21:01
You might say that that thing is fresh, something new.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:07
Something that has never been done before.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใซใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€‚
21:11
We can use.
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ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
21:14
Fresh as an adjective.
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€‚
21:17
It is not being done before. That is new.
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ไปฅๅ‰ใฏ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
21:21
That is new.
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21:21
We are doing it in a new way.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:24
We are doing it in a fresh way. Just added.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
21:30
If something has just been added or it is being added, we can say that it is a recent addition, something that has been added recently.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
21:43
It can be renewed.
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ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚
21:45
A thing that looks new but it was old and then it was renewed.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใฆๅคใใชใฃใฆใƒชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ขใƒซใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
21:55
You might make something fresh.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒไฝœใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:58
You freshen that thing, you are doing it.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:02
You renew something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ขใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:05
So you might buy a phone, maybe a smart phone that is rather old, but it has been refreshed.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคใ„ใŒใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
22:15
It has been made new.
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ๆ–ฐๅ“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:18
So now the phone looks fresh.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใŒๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
22:23
It looks new because it has been repaired.
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ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ–ฐๅ“ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
22:28
It has been fixed.
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ไฟฎๆญฃใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
22:31
So a thing can be fresh.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:34
It is as good as new.
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ๆ–ฐๅ“ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:37
It has fresh parts added to it.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ„ใŒ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:42
Quite often with technology such as smartphones,
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ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒณใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใชใฉใฎใƒ†ใ‚ฏใƒŽใƒญใ‚ธใƒผใงใฏ
22:47
computers, you can buy something and it has lots of fresh or new parts.
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ใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ƒจๅ“ใ‚„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ƒจๅ“ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
22:56
So you can say that that thing is new. It is fresh.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใ€‚
23:01
Something different can be described as fresh.
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ไฝ•ใ‹้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ ใจ่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
23:07
A fresh thing can be different.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏ้•ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:11
It has a different appearance.
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่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚‚้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:14
We can say that something has a fresh appearance.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ–ฐ้ฎฎๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
23:19
Perhaps something you've never seen before, or maybe something that is being done in a very different way.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
23:28
People used to describe my teaching methods as fresh, different, unusual.
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ไบบใ€…ใฏ็งใฎๆ•™ใˆๆ–นใ‚’ ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ไป–ใจใฏ้•ใ†ใ€็ใ—ใ„ใจ่ฉ•ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:37
A different way of doing something can also be described as fresh.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
23:44
That is a fresh idea.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚
23:47
A fresh approach.
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ๆ–ฌๆ–ฐใชใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒญใƒผใƒใ€‚
23:50
The way you are doing something, it appears fresh, new and exciting.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใฏใ€ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงๆ–ฐใ—ใใ€ใ‚จใ‚ญใ‚ตใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
23:57
Perhaps the appearance of something can be fresh.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅ‡บ็พใŒๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
24:02
It looks fresh. Wow.
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่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚‚ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŠใŠใ€‚
24:06
What have you done?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
24:07
You look so fresh today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใญใ€‚
24:12
Another word we can use is right.
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็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:15
So we can use the word fresh to mean ripe.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็†Ÿใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:19
Quite often referring to fruit.
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ๆžœ็‰ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
24:23
So when we talk about fruit, we might actually be referring to something that's just been picked from the tree or the bush.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆžœ็‰ฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ๆœจใ‚„่Œ‚ใฟใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ‘˜ใ‚“ใ ใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
24:34
Something very fresh, very ripe, something that has just
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็†Ÿใ—ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€
24:41
been picked is fresh.
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ๆŽกใ‚ŒใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใ€‚
24:45
We can also use the word ripe.
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็†Ÿใ—ใŸใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚‚ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:48
It is perfect quality.
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ๅฎŒ็’งใชๅ“่ณชใงใ™ใ€‚
24:51
The quality is perfect because it is fresh.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใฎใงๅ“่ณชใ‚‚ใƒใƒƒใƒใƒชใงใ™ใ€‚
24:56
We can also use the word fresh to mean refreshing or clear something that is fresh.
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ใพใŸใ€ใ€Œๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚ใ‚„ใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
25:07
Perhaps if you go out on a cold day, there might be lots of fresh air around.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฏ’ใ„ๆ—ฅใซๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๅ‘จใ‚Šใซๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใช็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
25:15
Maybe if you travel to the coast by the sea and that lovely sea air is coming in.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ๆตทๆฒฟใ„ใฎๆตทๅฒธใซๆ—…่กŒใซ่กŒใฃใฆ ใ€ใใฎ็พŽใ—ใ„ๆตทใฎ็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:25
Quite often we say that sea, is very fresh.
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ๆตทใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ ใจใ‚ˆใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:31
It can be refreshing.
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ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
25:34
Something that is clear.
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใชใ“ใจใ€‚
25:37
Fresh air can make you feel better.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใช็ฉบๆฐ—ใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’่‰ฏใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
25:40
It can clear your head.
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้ ญใŒใ™ใฃใใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:42
It can make you feel alive and refreshed.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใใจใ—ใŸๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ€ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
25:48
We will look at that word in a moment. By the way.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€‚
25:52
So something clear? Something something fresh.
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ใใ‚Œใงไฝ•ใ‹ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใ ใ‹
25:56
Something that is refreshing.
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็ˆฝใ‚„ใ‹ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
25:59
Perhaps you have a drink of water and that might be refreshing.
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ๆฐดใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€ใจใ™ใฃใใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใใจใ—ใŸ
26:06
Something that makes you feel
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ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใซใ•ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹
26:09
more lively.
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ใ€‚
26:12
It is refreshing.
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็ˆฝใ‚„ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:14
Something makes you feel alive
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใ
26:19
and excited.
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ใจ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:23
Fresh.
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ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ€‚
26:24
We can use it as a verb, of course, to refresh something, to make something new again.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ†ใณๆ–ฐใ—ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
26:33
To reset something or reload something quite often with computers.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใง้ ป็นใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒชใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒชใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
26:44
Sometimes you have to refresh the page you are looking at.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€่กจ็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:50
Sometimes you will have to press a button on your keyboard and you have to refresh the page.
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ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒผใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆ ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:58
You need to make that thing reappear.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ†ใณๅ†็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
27:04
You refresh.
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ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
27:06
You make that thing appear as new.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
27:12
Clean up or wash.
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ๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆด—ๆฟฏใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€‚
27:15
So maybe a person will refresh themselves.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไบบใฏใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:21
Maybe they will wash their face.
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ใŸใถใ‚“ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ก”ใ‚’ๆด—ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
27:23
Perhaps they've been working outside in the hot weather.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆš‘ใ„ไธญใ€ๅค–ใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
27:26
They come in and they will cool down with some water.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ…ฅใฃใฆใใฆใ€ๆฐดใงๅ†ทใ‚„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:31
They will refresh themselves. They will clean up.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
27:36
They will wash themselves clothes.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใงๆœใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
27:39
So you might refresh yourself by actually washing
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใจใ—ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใซไฝ“ใ‚’ๆด—ใ†ใจใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
27:45
as a way of cooling down.
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ใ€‚
27:48
Freshen up.
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ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
27:50
You might freshen something up.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:53
You renovate, renew, revive or reinvigorate.
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ๆ”นไฟฎใ€ๆ›ดๆ–ฐใ€ๅพฉๆดปใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ†ๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:02
I have to say, I like that last word.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:04
Reinvigorate means add new energy or make something look as good as new.
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ใ€Œๆดปๆ€งๅŒ–ใ€ใจใฏใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ–ฐๅ“ๅŒๆง˜ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:13
You freshen up.
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ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
28:16
Something, perhaps the outside of your house is looking a little old and untidy.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใฎๅค–่ฆณใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅคใใฆไนฑ้›‘ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:22
Maybe you will paint the front of your house.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๅฎถใฎๅ‰ใซใƒšใƒณใ‚ญใ‚’ๅก—ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
28:26
You freshen up the appearance of your house.
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ๅฎถใฎๅค–่ฆณใ‚’ใƒชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:31
You make it look better.
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่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใ‚’่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
28:33
You make it look bright and new.
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใใฆๆ–ฐใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:38
But you also have a phrase that uses the word fresh.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:42
Something can be as fresh as a daisy.
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ใƒ‡ใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:49
Fresh as a daisy.
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ใƒ‡ใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใ€‚
28:51
This is a phrase that we use to describe a thing that is as good as new,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๆ–ฐๅ“ๅŒๆง˜ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€
29:00
something that is new or perfect, or in very good condition.
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๅฎŒ็’งใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใพใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏๅฅฝใช็Šถๆ…‹ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
29:07
It is as fresh as a daisy.
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ใƒ‡ใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ™ใ€‚
29:11
Revived and fresh.
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่˜‡ใฃใฆๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€‚
29:15
Perhaps yourself.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸ่‡ช่บซใงใ™ใ€‚
29:16
Maybe you wake up in the morning after a very good night's sleep, and you feel,
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ใŸใถใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฃใ™ใ‚Š็œ ใฃใŸใ‚ใจๆœ่ตทใใ‚‹ ใจใ€
29:22
ooh, you feel as fresh as a daisy.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒ’ใƒŠใ‚ฎใ‚ฏใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ•ใ‚ใ‚„ใ‹ใชๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็›ฎใŒ
29:26
You wake up feeling renewed and full of energy.
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่ฆšใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ–ฐใŸใชๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใซๆบ€ใกๆบขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:33
So the word fresh can actually be used in many different ways.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
29:41
Those were the most common ways in which the word fresh can be used.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
29:47
And I hope you enjoyed that.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
29:50
There is, of course, lots more to come.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
29:54
We have words and phrases connected to the book, but you also will be looking at
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ใ“ใฎๆœฌใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒ็ดนไป‹ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„
30:00
a type of chore that people do around the house that might be seen as a little pointless.
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ๅฎถใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใงไบบใ€…ใŒ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ้›‘็”จใซใ‚‚ๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
30:10
We will be looking at that in a few moments from now.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
30:13
Whatever you do, don't go away.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€้›ขใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
30:16
This is English addict with you on a Wednesday.
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ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใงใ™ใ€‚
30:22
Stay there.
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ใใ“ใซใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
30:23
Lots more to come.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
32:16
I'm a big boy now.
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็งใฏไปŠใงใฏๅคงใใช็”ทใฎๅญใงใ™ใ€‚
33:05
English addict is with you.
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่‹ฑ่ชžไธญๆฏ’่€…ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใงใ™ใ€‚
33:07
It is Wednesday.
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ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใงใ™ใ€‚
33:08
I hope you are having a good Wednesday.
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่‰ฏใ„ๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
33:13
I hope everything is lovely and wonderful for you.
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ใ™ในใฆใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ็ด ๆ•ตใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:20
Can I say hello to Michelle Oliviera?
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ใƒŸใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใƒชใƒดใ‚ฃใ‚จใƒฉใซใ”ๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
33:25
I am Brazilian and I am learning English.
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็งใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซไบบใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:27
I want to dedicate myself to learning more.
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅฐ‚ๅฟตใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
33:32
I live at the moment. I live in Ireland. Hello, Michelle.
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็งใฏไปŠใ“ใฎ็žฌ้–“ใ‚’็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใ‚คใƒซใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒŸใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ€‚
33:37
Nice to see you as well.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:38
We also have Virginia, who is watching in Italy but was born in Romania.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใง่ฆณๆˆฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใŒใƒซใƒผใƒžใƒ‹ใ‚ข็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใฎใƒดใ‚กใƒผใ‚ธใƒ‹ใ‚ขใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
33:47
So I hope you are having a super duper time there in Italy, a beautiful country
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
33:54
that I am looking forward to visiting again in the future.
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็งใฏๅฐ†ๆฅๅ†ใณ่จชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็พŽใ—ใ„ๅ›ฝใงใ™ใ€‚
33:59
We were talking a few moments ago about things being fresh or new.
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ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
34:05
Well, this morning I noticed something rather disturbing outside the house.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆœใ€ ๅฎถใฎๅค–ใงไฝ•ใ‹ไธ็ฉใชใ‚‚ใฎใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใก
34:13
I noticed that something that we use quite often
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ใŒ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸ
34:20
has broken
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34:22
it. Now
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ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใฏ
34:25
does not function as it should.
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ๆญฃๅธธใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
34:29
The thing in question is
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ๅ•้กŒใชใฎใฏ
34:32
the wheelie bin.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใงใ™ใ€‚
34:34
There it is the wheelie bin.
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ใใ“ใฏใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
34:37
I love the wheelie bin.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
34:40
We call or refuse bin or the rubbish bin.
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ใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใ‚„ใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆ–ญใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
34:46
If we put all of our household waste into we call it a wheelie bin.
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ๅฎถๅบญใฎใ‚ดใƒŸใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚
34:52
And the reason why we call it a wheelie bin is because you can push it around on wheels.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใƒผใƒ“ใƒณใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹็†็”ฑใฏใ€ ่ปŠ่ผชใงๆŠผใ—ใฆ็งปๅ‹•ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
34:58
I have a feeling that many people have these so they are not exclusive to the UK.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซ้™ๅฎšใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
35:04
I know that they exist everywhere else around the world, but unfortunately this morning I noticed that
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ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ไปŠๆœใ€
35:10
that my wheelie bin has broken.
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็งใฎ่ผช่กŒใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใŒๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
35:15
It has a huge crack going through the middle and also the top has broken up as well
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็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซๅคงใใชไบ€่ฃ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ไธŠ้ƒจใ‚‚ๅฃŠใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š
35:25
and unfortunately it cannot be repaired or fixed.
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ใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ไฟฎ็†ใพใŸใฏไฟฎ็†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
35:31
So unfortunate.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใงใ™ใ€‚
35:33
It looks as if we have to buy a new one because the council won't give it to us for free.
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ๅธ‚่ญฐไผšใŒ็„กๆ–™ใง่ฒธใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
35:40
You have to pay for it, so it looks as if we will have to get a new wheelie bin for outside the house.
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ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ๅฎถใฎๅค–ใซ็ฝฎใใŸใ‚ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
35:50
The one we have now has seen better days.
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็งใŸใกใŒไปŠๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
35:56
Now there is an interesting phrase.
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ใ•ใฆใ€่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
35:58
If we describe something as having seen better days, it has seen better days.
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็งใŸใกใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๆ™‚ไปฃใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
36:06
It means it is old.
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ๅคใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใญใ€‚
36:10
It is worn out.
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ไฝฟใ„ๅคใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†
36:12
It no longer functions very well.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ†ใพใๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:18
I'm talking about the wheelie bin, not me.
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็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€็งใฎใ“ใจใงใฏใชใใ€ใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
36:20
By the way.
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€‚
36:22
Although you might say that.
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ใใ†่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€‚
36:24
So if something is,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
36:27
can you see that? Can you?
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
36:29
If something is beyond repair,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒไฟฎๅพฉไธๅฏ่ƒฝใชๅ ดๅˆใ€
36:33
it means it cannot be fixed.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฟฎๅพฉใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
36:38
Something that is beyond repair and cannot be fixed.
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ไฟฎๅพฉไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ€็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
36:45
So, unfortunately, my lovely wheelie bin cannot be repaired.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€็งใฎ็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผไป˜ใใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใฏไฟฎ็†ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
36:54
It cannot be fixed. It has physically broken.
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ไฟฎๆญฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็‰ฉ็†็š„ใซๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
36:59
It has a giant crack going through the middle.
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็œŸใ‚“ไธญใซๅคงใใชไบ€่ฃ‚ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:04
So unfortunately we will have to buy a new one.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
37:08
So that is the sad story.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
37:10
The sad tale of Mr.
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37:14
Duncan's wheelie bin, which now no longer
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฎใ‚ดใƒŸ็ฎฑใŒ
37:19
does what it's supposed to.
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ๆœฌๆฅใฎๅฝนๅ‰ฒใ‚’ๆžœใŸใ•ใชใใชใฃใŸใ€ๆ‚ฒใ—ใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใ€‚
37:21
Unfortunately,
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใ“ใจใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒ
37:24
talking of things that we have to do in our day to day lives because there are many chores, many things we have to do
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ๆ—ฅใ€…ใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใงใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ€ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ้›‘็”จใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
37:33
quite often in our lives, every day there are many jobs
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็งใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใง้ ป็นใซใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
37:39
that we have to do and also many chores that we have to do as well.
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ใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้›‘ไบ‹ใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
37:46
The word chore simply means a type of job, some sort of task that has to be carried out quite often on a regular basis.
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้›‘็”จใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅ˜ใซไป•ไบ‹ใฎไธ€็จฎใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ้ ป็นใซๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎใ‚ฟใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
37:57
So something you have to do, maybe you have to clean the dishes every day.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๆฏŽๆ—ฅ็šฟใ‚’ๆด—ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
38:02
You have to clean the carpet, or you have to
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ใ‚ซใƒผใƒšใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ€
38:08
take the dog for a walk.
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็Šฌใ‚’ๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
38:11
If you have a dog, which I don't,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Šฌใ‚’้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็งใฏ้ฃผใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
38:15
although sometimes I have to take Mr.
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ใŒใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๅค–ใซ้€ฃใ‚Œใฆ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
38:17
Steve outside.
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ใ€‚
38:20
For his exercise.
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ๅฝผใฎ็ทด็ฟ’็”จใซใ€‚
38:25
But there is something that we have to do, and we do it even though, in my opinion, it is a complete waste of time.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใซใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใŸใจใˆใใ‚ŒใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็„ก้ง„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็งใฏๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:34
So I don't know what you think about this, but I think this particular thing I'm about to mention
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใฏ
38:41
is a waste of time.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็„ก้ง„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
38:44
And the thing is.
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ใใ—ใฆๅ•้กŒใฏใใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
38:49
Window cleaning.
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็ช“ๆŽƒ้™คใ€‚
38:50
Cleaning the windows.
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็ช“ใฎๆŽƒ้™คใ€‚
38:53
Now we have a lot of windows on our house.
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ไปŠใ€ๆˆ‘ใŒๅฎถใซใฏ็ช“ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
38:57
In fact, I always make a joke with Mr.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใจๅ†—่ซ‡ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
38:59
Steve that most of our house is actually made of glass.
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ๅฎŸใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎถใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใงใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
39:05
It isn't, but sometimes it feels as if it is window cleaning.
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ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆ™‚ใ€…็ช“ๆ‹ญใใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
39:11
Now, this is just my opinion.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใชใ‚‹็งใฎๆ„่ฆ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:14
You might disagree, but I think. Window cleaning.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒๆ„ใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใŒใ€็งใฏใใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ€‚ ็ช“ๆŽƒ้™คใ€‚
39:19
Going outside.
441
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ๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใ€‚
39:20
Climbing up a ladder and washing the glass to make it clean and sparkly.
442
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ใฏใ—ใ”ใซ็™ปใฃใฆ ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ๆด—ใ„ใ€ใƒ”ใ‚ซใƒ”ใ‚ซใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
39:28
I think it is a waste of time because it doesn't take very long before the glass becomes dirty again,
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็„ก้ง„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰
39:35
especially around here, because we get a lot of rain, a lot of things blowing around.
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ใ€็‰นใซใ“ใ“ใ‚‰่พบใฏ ้›จใŒๅคšใใฆใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒ้ฃ›ใณๆ•ฃใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใŒใพใŸๆฑšใ‚Œใ‚‹ใพใงใซใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ™‚้–“ใฏใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
39:40
Sometimes we get dust from the farmer's fields, so it doesn't take very long for the windows to become dirty again.
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ๆ™‚ใ€…่พฒๅฎถใฎ็•‘ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅŸƒใŒ่ˆžใ† ใฎใงใ€็ช“ใŒๅ†ใณๆฑšใ‚Œใ‚‹ใพใงใซใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ™‚้–“ใฏใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
39:52
And of course, there is another thing that makes your windows dirty.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็ช“ใ‚’ๆฑšใ™ๅŽŸๅ› ใฏไป–ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:00
Birds.
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้ณฅใ€‚
40:02
They will do their
448
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
40:04
poops on your window as well.
449
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ช“ใซใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚“ใกใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:08
Many times, normally just after cleaning the windows.
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ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้€šๅธธใฏ็ช“ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ—ใŸ็›ดๅพŒใซ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
40:12
Quite often a bird will come by and it will sit just above the window and it will
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎ้ ปๅบฆใง้ณฅใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆๆฅใฆใ€็ช“ใฎ็œŸไธŠใซๅบงใ‚Š ใ€
40:19
do a giant poop.
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ๅทจๅคงใชใ†ใ‚“ใกใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:21
And the poop will go all down the glass
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใกใฏใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฎไธ‹ใซๅ…จ้ƒจ่ฝใกใฆ
40:25
and it will stay there.
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ใ€ใใ“ใซๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:28
It will go dry. It will go hard.
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ไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅคงๅค‰ใชใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
40:31
And then when you come to clean, it is very hard to get off the glass.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ใ€‚
40:35
It's very hard to remove it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:37
So I think that.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
40:42
Cleaning the window or windows is a waste of time.
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็ช“ใ‚„็ช“ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็„ก้ง„ใงใ™ใ€‚
40:47
Maybe on the inside, but on the outside it takes a lot of effort to clean the window.
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ๅ†…ๅดใฏใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ๅค–ๅดใฎ็ช“ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏๅคšๅคงใชๅŠดๅŠ›ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
40:55
Especially if you have windows that are high up, you have to climb up the ladder.
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็‰นใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใซ็ช“ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใฏใ—ใ”ใ‚’ ็™ปใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
41:01
You have to clean all of those annoying marks
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ฟทๆƒ‘ใช่ทกใ‚„
41:07
and the other things that I just mentioned.
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ใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่ฟฐในใŸใใฎไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:10
You have to get rid of all of those things as well.
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ใใ†ใ„ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ™ในใฆๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:15
so I think cleaning the windows is a pointless job.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็ช“ๆŽƒ้™คใฏ็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใชไป•ไบ‹ใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
41:23
It is a job that needs doing, but somehow seems pointless as it soon needs doing.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใ™ใใซใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใ‹็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
41:31
Okay, so in this sentence you can see a job that needs doing is something that has to be done.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€do need to do ใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
41:41
However,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
41:42
from my point of view, it would appear that cleaning your windows is pointless
469
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็งใฎ่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ็ช“ใŒ
41:48
because it doesn't take very long before they become dirty and covered with marks and bird poop.
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ๆฑšใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€่ทกใ‚„้ณฅใฎ[ __ ]ใง่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใซใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ™‚้–“ใฏใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€็ช“ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
41:58
Again.
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ใพใŸใ€‚
42:00
So as soon as you do it, it doesn't take long before it needs doing again.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไธ€ๅบฆๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๅ†ๅบฆๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใพใงใซใใ‚Œใปใฉๆ™‚้–“ใฏใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
42:09
So in that sense, we are saying done something you have to do, you have to do it.
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ใใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€ ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:16
It is something that you are doing.
474
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบ‹ใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:18
It is something that needs doing, something you must do, something that needs to be done, something that needs doing.
475
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚„ใ‚‹ในใใ“ใจใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
42:31
And as you can see here, by the way, if you're wondering what that is,
476
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€
42:37
that little animal there that is a type of antelope known as a shammy.
477
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ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใชๅ‹•็‰ฉใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒŸใƒผใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ขใƒณใƒ†ใƒญใƒผใƒ—ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:45
Now shammy is a type of cloth that you use to clean your windows.
478
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒŸใƒผใฏ็ช“ใ‚’ๆŽƒ้™คใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅธƒใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™ใ€‚
42:52
And traditionally, that type of cloth was made from this little animal here, the shammy, a shammy antelope.
479
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ใใ—ใฆไผ็ตฑ็š„ใซใ€ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็จฎ้กžใฎๅธƒใฏ ใ“ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒŸใƒผใ€ๅฝใฎใ‚ขใƒณใƒ†ใƒญใƒผใƒ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
43:03
Fortunately, nowadays you can get artificial shammy.
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ๅนธใ„ใชใ“ใจใซใ€ไปŠใงใฏไบบๅทฅใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒŸใƒผใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
43:09
So it looks like leather, but it actually isn't.
481
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:13
It is actually synthetic.
482
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ๅฎŸใฏๅˆๆˆใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
43:15
So this little creature here is very pleased because in certain parts of Europe, it was almost hunted out of existence for its skin.
483
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใช็”Ÿใ็‰ฉใฏใ€ ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใงใฏใ€ใใฎ็šฎใฎใŸใ‚ใซใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็ตถๆป…ใ•ใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ–œใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:26
But now, fortunately, these little chaps are now protected and looked after very well.
484
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅนธใ„ใชใ“ใจใซไปŠใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎๅฐใ•ใชๅญใŸใกใฏไฟ่ญทใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไธ–่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
43:35
So I don't know what you think.
485
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:37
Do you agree with me?
486
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚็งใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
43:39
Do you think that cleaning the windows is a pointless task?
487
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็ช“ๆŽƒ้™คใฏ็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใชไฝœๆฅญใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
43:45
There is no point doing it because very soon they will become dirty again.
488
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ใ™ใใซใพใŸๆฑšใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:51
Perhaps there is another chore. Perhaps there is something else that you don't like doing.
489
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅˆฅใฎ็”จไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไป–ใซใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
43:59
And if you watch me regularly,
490
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใ‚’ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
44:01
you will know that I hate doing household chores.
491
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็งใŒๅฎถไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅซŒใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
44:07
I really do.
492
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:08
I don't like doing them at all. To be honest with you.
493
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็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใพใฃใŸใๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€‚
44:13
But I do think cleaning the windows is a waste of time.
494
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ใงใ‚‚็ช“ๆ‹ญใใฏๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็„ก้ง„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:17
Hello. English with. With camel.
495
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžไป˜ใใ€‚ ใƒฉใ‚ฏใƒ€ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ€‚
44:21
Mr. Duncan, do you know it is the first time that I came here.
496
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ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใŒใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใŸใฎใฏๅˆใ‚ใฆใชใฎใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
44:26
And you are a really talented teacher. Thank you very much.
497
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ‰่ƒฝใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:30
That's very kind of you to say. I have been teaching English here in Algeria.
498
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ็งใฏใ“ใ“ใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ธใ‚งใƒชใ‚ขใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:36
How long have you been teaching English for?
499
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ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎๆœŸ้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
44:40
Have you been doing it for a long time.
500
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้•ทใ„้–“ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
44:43
And do you enjoy it?
501
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
44:44
I have a feeling that the answer to that question is yes.
502
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ใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€Œใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
44:49
So English with camel.
503
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ใคใพใ‚Š่‹ฑ่ชžใงใƒฉใ‚ฏใƒ€ใ€‚
44:52
Hello to you.
504
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1802
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
44:54
And it's nice to see you here for the first time. Very nice.
505
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4621
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆใ“ใ“ใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚
45:00
Lewis.
506
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ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใ€‚
45:01
Lewis Mendez says, when I was a boy, I used to tell my mother.
507
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6006
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใƒปใƒกใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใฏใ€็งใŒๅฐ‘ๅนดใ ใฃใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ˆใๆฏ่ฆชใซใใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
45:08
Why should I wash my face?
508
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ใชใœ้ก”ใ‚’ๆด—ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
45:11
It will be dirty within an hour. This is true.
509
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1ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚‚ใ—ใชใ„ใ†ใกใซๆฑšใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
45:16
And I think that is a very good point.
510
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2519
ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„็‚นใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:18
The curse.
511
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ๅ‘ชใ„ใ€‚
45:21
Most things.
512
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1735
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎใ“ใจใ€‚
45:23
Most chores
513
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2686
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎ้›‘็”จใฏใ€
45:25
can be described as being completely useless or pointless.
514
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ใพใฃใŸใๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใŸใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็„กๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
45:31
If you wash the dishes.
515
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3587
็šฟใ‚’ๆด—ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
45:34
What's the point?
516
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1902
ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
45:36
Because the next day or even later on the same day, you will just make them dirty again.
517
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ๆฌกใฎๆ—ฅใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใฎๆ—ฅใฎใ†ใกใซ ใพใŸๆฑšใ™ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
45:44
But of course, there are many other reasons why you must do those things.
518
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„็†็”ฑใฏไป–ใซใ‚‚ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
45:49
I suppose a lot of it is connected to hygiene.
519
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ใใฎๅคšใใฏ่ก›็”Ÿ้ขใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
45:53
Staying clean and healthy.
520
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ๆธ…ๆฝ”ใงๅฅๅบทใช็Šถๆ…‹ใ‚’ไฟใกใพใ™ใ€‚
45:55
So maybe it has something to do with that.
521
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹โ€‹โ€‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
46:01
In a few moments from now, we will be looking at words and phrases connected to
522
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6806
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎ้–“ใ€ๆœฌ ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
46:09
books.
523
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ใ€‚
46:10
What about you? Do you read books?
524
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
46:14
I have to be honest with you.
525
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
46:16
It is a long time since I actually sat down and read a book.
526
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไน…ใ—ใถใ‚Šใซๅบงใฃใฆๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใฟใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
46:22
However, I do read books about certain subjects
527
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒž
46:29
or maybe certain areas of culture.
528
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ใ‚„็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ๅˆ†้‡Žใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆœฌใฏ่ชญใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
46:35
I'm having a little bit of a crazy time at the moment,
529
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5256
็งใฏไปŠใ€ใ‚ขใƒผใƒˆใฎไธ–็•Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใชๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
46:40
looking at the world of art, because there is an exhibition taking place at the moment in London
530
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6306
ใ€‚ ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎๅคงใใชใƒŠใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒซใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒฉใƒชใƒผใง็พๅœจๅฑ•่ฆงไผšใŒ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Š
46:47
at the big National Gallery in London, and they are having a special event dedicated to Vincent van Gogh.
531
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ใ€็‰นๅˆฅใชใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใŒ้–‹ๅ‚ฌใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใƒปใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใƒปใ‚ดใƒƒใƒ›ใธใ€‚
46:57
And I have to say, I really want to go down to London and have a look at that.
532
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
47:04
So that will be running until January next year,
533
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ๆฅๅนดใฎ 1 ๆœˆใพใงๆ”พ้€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใช
47:08
so I'm hoping that I will get a chance to go down to London and have a look at this special.
534
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ใฎใงใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅ็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใชใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
47:15
Vincent Van Gough
535
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47:18
exhibition taking place at the National Gallery.
536
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ใƒŠใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒซใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒฉใƒชใƒผใง้–‹ๅ‚ฌไธญใฎใƒดใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใƒปใƒดใ‚กใƒณใƒปใ‚ดใƒ•ๅฑ•ใ€‚
47:21
Even though last week I don't I don't know if you saw it, but some young people
537
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ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใฏ่ฆ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€่ฆ‹ใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎ่‹ฅ่€…ใŒ
47:28
decided to vandalise.
538
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็ ดๅฃŠ่กŒ็‚บใ‚’ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
47:31
They threw soup at
539
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3670
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ดใƒƒใƒ›ใซใ‚นใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ—ใŸ
47:34
Van Gogh, very famous
540
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ใ€้žๅธธใซๆœ‰ๅใช
47:39
picture.
541
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็ตตใงใ™ใ€‚
47:42
Yo, man. Hello, yo.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€ใŠใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ€‚
47:45
Nice to see you here as well. Thank you very much for joining me today.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ไผšใˆใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
47:49
So I am crazy at the moment about art.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏไปŠใ‚ขใƒผใƒˆใซๅคขไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
47:52
I am crazy about the world of art.
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็งใฏ่Šธ่ก“ใฎไธ–็•Œใซๅคขไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
47:55
I am watching a very interesting programme at the moment about Baroque art.
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็งใฏไปŠใ€ใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏ่Šธ่ก“ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
48:03
A lot of that, of course, originated in Italy.
547
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใฎๅคšใใฏใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ข็™บ็ฅฅใงใ™ใ€‚
48:05
Baroque, the style of buildings and of course painting as well.
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ใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏๆง˜ๅผใ€ๅปบ็‰ฉใฎๆง˜ๅผใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“็ตต็”ปใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:13
So a lot of people forget.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ๅคšใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
48:15
They always think when they think of baroque, they always think of buildings.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅปบ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๆตฎใ‹ในใพใ™ใ€‚
48:19
All of the magnificent cathedrals and churches that exist in Italy.
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ใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒชใ‚ขใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃฎๅคงใชๅคง่–ๅ ‚ใ‚„ๆ•™ไผšใฎใ™ในใฆใ€‚
48:25
But of course, we also have artists as well, painters painting with the Baroque style, ultra realistic,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏๆง˜ๅผใงใ€่ถ…ๅ†™ๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ€
48:38
sometimes a little unusual.
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็ใ—ใ„็ตตใ‚’ๆใ็”ปๅฎถใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
48:40
In fact, the word baroque means
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ
48:45
a deformed pearl.
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ๅค‰ๅฝขใ—ใŸ็œŸ็ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
48:47
So if a pearl is perfect,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็œŸ็ ใŒๅฎŒ็’งใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€
48:52
there is nothing wrong with it but a type of pearl that is unusual in shape.
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ๅฝขใŒ็ใ—ใ„็จฎ้กžใฎ็œŸ็ ไปฅๅค–ใฏๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
48:58
It might have a strange formation.
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ๅค‰ใช็ทจๆˆใ‹ใ‚‚็Ÿฅใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
49:00
It is often referred to as baroque, something that is rather unusual to look at.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใซใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š็ใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
49:06
So I am looking at a lot of things at the moment
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ใชใฎใงใ€ไปŠใฏ
49:10
books,
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ๆœฌใ‚„
49:12
information on the internet and also reading.
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ใƒใƒƒใƒˆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ€่ชญๆ›ธใชใฉใง่‰ฒใ€…ใจ่ชฟในใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:17
I'm going next week to buy a book all about Baroque art.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใ€ใƒใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏ่Šธ่ก“ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใซ่กŒใไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
49:22
Next week.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใ€‚
49:24
Beatrice.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€‚ ๆฅๅนดใฏ
49:25
I could enjoy the great immersive exhibition of Van Gough
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใƒปใ‚ดใƒ•ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆฒกๅ…ฅๅž‹ๅฑ•็คบใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ
49:30
next year. Oh. Last year.
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ใ€‚ ใŠใŠใ€‚ ๅŽปๅนดใ€‚
49:33
Oh, I see, so you've already seen it.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
49:37
Beatrice, you've had it already in Argentina. Very interesting.
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ขใƒซใ‚ผใƒณใƒใƒณใงใ™ใงใซใใ‚Œใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
49:42
But I am looking forward to seeing it.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๆฅฝใ—ใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
49:44
I hope I will get a chance to go down to London and visit the National Gallery Gallery in London
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ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใซ่กŒใฃใฆ ใ€ใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎใƒŠใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒซใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒฉใƒชใƒผใ‚’่จชใ‚Œ
49:51
and have a look at this, this very interesting exhibition.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ๅฑ•่ฆงไผšใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
49:56
How can I say hello to Lucas?
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ใƒซใƒผใ‚ซใ‚นใซใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆๆŒจๆ‹ถใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:00
Hello, Lucas. Lucas asks Mr. Duncan.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใƒผใ‚ซใ‚นใ€‚ ใƒซใƒผใ‚ซใ‚นใฏใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใซๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€‚
50:04
Can you please say my name? There you go.
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใฉใ†ใžใ€‚
50:08
I have just a few moments ago.
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ใปใ‚“ใฎๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ‰ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
50:12
Hello, Lucas.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒซใƒผใ‚ซใ‚นใ€‚
50:13
Thank you very much for joining me today.
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ—ใฆ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
50:19
Talking of books, we are now going to look at some words and phrases connected to.
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ๆœฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ๆœฌ ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
50:29
Books.
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ๆœฌใ€‚
50:31
You might be surprised to find out just how many words and phrases they are connected to.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๅคšใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใจ็ตใณใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใจ้ฉšใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
50:39
Books.
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ๆœฌใ€‚
50:41
Do you have many books in your house?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถใซใฏๆœฌใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
50:43
We do.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
50:44
We have all sorts of books, lots of information, books, text books,
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ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎๆœฌใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ€ๆœฌใ€ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใ€
50:51
and also books about certain subjects such as movies and famous actors.
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ใใ—ใฆ ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚„ๆœ‰ๅใชไฟณๅ„ชใชใฉใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚‚ๅ–ใ‚Šๆƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:00
So I am I am a very big fan of movies and also people who appear in movies as well.
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็งใฏๆ˜ ็”ป ใจๆ˜ ็”ปใซๅ‡บๆผ”ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎๅคงใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
51:09
We often describe them as reference books.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‚่€ƒๅ›ณๆ›ธใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
51:12
So when you describe a type of book as a reference book, it is something that you look at for information
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎๆœฌใ‚’ๅ‚่€ƒๆ›ธใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
51:21
about a certain thing, a certain type of information about a certain subject book.
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็‰นๅฎšใฎไบ‹ๆŸ„ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ€ ็‰นๅฎšใฎไธป้กŒใฎๆœฌใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
51:29
Words and idioms.
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ๅ˜่ชžใจใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ€‚ ็ง
51:33
We will look at some phrases that we use.
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ใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
51:36
Here is the first one to do it by the book.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
51:42
If you do something by the book, it means you do something the correct way as it should be done.
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ๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ ในใๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
51:51
As the rules actually state.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใƒซใƒผใƒซใซ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
51:55
So when you do something by the book, it means you are following all of the correct procedures.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ‰‹้ †ใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:05
You are doing it the way the book is telling you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆœฌใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้€šใ‚Šใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
52:11
So this is an interesting phrase we use when we are saying that we are doing something in the correct way.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
52:20
We are doing it by the book.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:23
You are following those rules as they are written down.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใŒๆ–‡ๆ›ธๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:31
And sometimes you have to.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใใ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:32
Sometimes you must do things by the book.
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ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ€ๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:37
Here's another one.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
52:38
Here's a good phrase to be on the same page,
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ๅŒใ˜ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
52:44
to share the same point of view, or have a mutual understanding.
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ๅŒใ˜่ฆ–็‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใพใŸใฏ็›ธไบ’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กจใ™่‰ฏใ„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆฌกใซ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:50
You are in the same place.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
52:54
So I might have a very similar opinion to someone else.
607
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ใชใฎใงใ€็งใ‚‚ไป–ใฎไบบใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ„่ฆ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:00
Or maybe we both understand a certain thing.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€็งใŸใกไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:05
Clearly we can say that we are both on the same page.
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ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
53:10
We both have the same thought.
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็งใŸใกไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:13
We both agree on that particular thing.
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็งใŸใกใฏไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ใใฎ็‚นใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:18
We are both on the same page.
612
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็งใŸใกใฏไบŒไบบใจใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:24
Here's another one. Two.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบŒใ€‚
53:28
Throw the book at someone.
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่ชฐใ‹ใซๆœฌใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
53:31
If you throw the book at someone,
615
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ๆœฌใ‚’่ชฐใ‹ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€
53:35
it means to hand out punishment to someone.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซ็ฝฐใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
53:39
You are punishing someone.
617
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’็ฝฐใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
53:42
So quite often we will describe this as an action done in law.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่กŒ็‚บใจใ—ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
53:49
Maybe if you do something wrong, perhaps you will have to go on trial.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€่ฃๅˆคใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:55
Or maybe you will have to receive some punishment.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็ฝฐใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
53:59
You will receive all of the punishment.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ็ฝฐใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:04
They will throw the book at you.
622
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœฌใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆœฌใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
54:10
The full weight of justice will be served because they will throw the book at you.
623
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ๆญฃ็พฉใฎ้‡ใฟใŒๆžœใŸใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
54:20
Here's another one slightly more positive than the last one.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅ‰ๅ›žใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:25
To turn over a new leaf.
625
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ๅฟƒๆฉŸไธ€่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚
54:28
If you turn a new leaf, it means you are turning the page in a book.
626
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆœฌใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
54:35
So each page in a book can be described as a leaf.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœฌใฎๅ„ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใฏ่‘‰ใซ็›ธๅฝ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
54:42
You turn over a new leaf, you reveal a fresh page to make a new or fresh start.
628
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚ใใ‚‹ใจใ€ ๆ–ฐใŸใชใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใŒ็พใ‚Œใ€ๆ–ฐใŸใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
54:52
You start afresh.
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ๆ–ฐใŸใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:55
You start as new.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
54:58
You turn over a new leaf.
631
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฟƒๆฉŸไธ€่ปขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:01
Maybe a person who in their life has done bad things.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใงๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸไบบใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:06
Well, maybe they are not a very nice person.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ„ใ„ไบบใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:09
They might try to make themselves a better person.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไบบ้–“ใซใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:14
They might try to be more friendly and kind to others.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไป–ใฎไบบใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใƒชใƒผใง่ฆชๅˆ‡ใซใชใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:19
So they will turn over a new leaf.
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ใใ‚Œใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฟƒๆฉŸไธ€่ปขใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
55:23
They will try to become better.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใใชใ‚ใ†ใจๅŠชๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
55:27
They will try to become a better person, to make a new or fresh start.
638
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไบบ้–“ใซใชใ‚ใ†ใจใ€ๆ–ฐใŸใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚ใ†ใจๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
55:34
You might say that the new leaf is a blank page.
639
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ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่‘‰ใฏ็™ฝ็ด™ใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
55:39
So you are starting from a fresh point.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆ–ฐใŸใชๅœฐ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
55:45
You are changing the way you behave, the way you act towards other people.
641
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ๆ–นใ€ไป–ไบบใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
55:53
Here's another one.
642
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
55:54
I think this is probably one of the most common and popular
643
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 1 ใคใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
56:00
ones.
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ใ€‚
56:01
One of the most popular of all the phrases connected to the book.
645
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ใ“ใฎๆœฌใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 1 ใคใ€‚
56:08
Judge a book by its cover.
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ๆœฌใฏ่กจ็ด™ใงๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
56:11
So the phrase we often use is don't judge a book by its cover
647
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่กจ็ด™ใ‚„่กจ็ด™ใงๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
56:19
or by the cover.
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ใ€‚
56:22
Make judgements based on what a person looks like, or maybe what something looks like.
649
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ไบบใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
56:31
So you can judge anything.
650
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ใใ‚Œใงไฝ•ใงใ‚‚ๅˆคๆ–ญใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
56:33
You can decide if something looks old and broken.
651
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅคใใฆๅฃŠใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
56:38
Or maybe a person
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€
56:40
might look as if they haven't changed their clothes for many days.
653
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ไฝ•ๆ—ฅใ‚‚ๆœใ‚’็€ๆ›ฟใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:46
Maybe their clothes that look old.
654
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ใŸใถใ‚“ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆœใฏๅคใ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
56:48
You might decide to judge that person.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎไบบใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
56:52
You might judge them harshly,
656
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅŽณใ—ใไธๅ…ฌๅนณใซๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
56:55
unfairly.
657
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ใ€‚
56:58
So don't judge a book by its cover, because inside
658
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœฌใ‚’่กจ็ด™ใงๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่กจ็ด™ใฎ้–“ใซ
57:06
there might be a very interesting story contained
659
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้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
57:12
between the covers.
660
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ใ€‚
57:15
So it is often
661
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
57:17
a thing that happens where people do judge others based on their appearance.
662
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7474
ไบบใŒ ๅค–่ฆ‹ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆไป–ไบบใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:25
It does happen quite often.
663
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Š้ ป็นใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
57:28
Hello, Wendy.
664
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2019
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ€‚
57:30
Wendy. Speak Chinese.
665
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ€‚ ไธญๅ›ฝ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
57:33
Hello, teacher.
666
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968
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€‚
57:34
And everyone, it's Wendy here to learn English with this awesome teacher.
667
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6006
ใใ—ใฆ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใฏใ“ใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใซๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
57:40
Hello, Wendy. Watching. Are you watching in China right now?
668
3460696
5372
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚ ไปŠไธญๅ›ฝใง่ฆ‹ใฆใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
57:46
If you are.
669
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1051
ใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€‚
57:47
Can I say ni hao or. Sure, Mr. Duncan.
670
3467119
4921
ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒใ‚ชใจใ‹่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
57:52
I will be your lawyer for today.
671
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4088
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅผ่ญทๅฃซใ‚’ๅ‹™ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
57:56
Which means. Hello, I'm Mr. Duncan.
672
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2085
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
57:58
I will be your teacher for today in Chinese.
673
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6006
ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธญๅ›ฝ่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:04
You have come to a very good place to improve your English.
674
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6006
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใซใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ๅ ดๆ‰€ใซๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
58:10
There are many ways of using the word book.
675
3490275
3821
ๅ˜่ชžๅธณใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใฏใ„ใ‚ใ„ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
58:14
Now, I'm going to try and explain all of these uses because there are many, many of them.
676
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใฏ้žๅธธใซใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚
58:22
First of all, book can mean reserve something.
677
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5973
ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€book ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
58:28
You want to put something back.
678
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2035
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ่กŒใ†ไบˆๅฎšใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’
58:30
You want to save something normally something that you are planning to do in the future.
679
3510345
7291
ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใŸใ„ใจใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
58:38
Maybe you are going on a journey.
680
3518353
2202
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—…ใซๅ‡บใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:40
Maybe you want to stay in a certain place.
681
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3170
ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ็•™ใพใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
58:43
You book something to reserve.
682
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5439
ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
58:49
So in a very simple way we are using that word.
683
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4054
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซๅ˜็ด”ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
58:53
So book in this sense is being used to describe reserving something,
684
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9075
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฎไบˆ็ด„ใฏใ€
59:02
maybe a hotel room, maybe a flight to your favourite holiday destination.
685
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7224
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚„ ใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎไผ‘ๆš‡ใฎ็›ฎ็š„ๅœฐใธใฎ่ˆช็ฉบๅˆธใชใฉใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
59:11
Then we have book in.
686
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3153
ๆฌกใซใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:14
If you book in, it means you check in.
687
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4471
ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
59:18
You arrive at the hotel and you will book in.
688
3558776
4555
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:23
You will write your name on the hotel register.
689
3563331
4621
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎ็™ป้Œฒ็ฐฟใซๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚
59:27
Normally you have to give lots of details about yourself as well.
690
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3504
้€šๅธธใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚‚ๅคšใๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
59:32
You book in, you check in.
691
3572990
2403
ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:35
Normally you do this at a hotel or maybe an airport.
692
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4404
้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใ‹็ฉบๆธฏใง่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:39
When you arrive to catch a flight,
693
3579797
4271
้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
59:44
book up.
694
3584068
1885
ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
59:45
To book up means to arrange or reserve something.
695
3585953
5522
book upใ€ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰‹้…ใ—ใŸใ‚Šไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:51
You booked up something.
696
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2253
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
59:53
You pick up your holiday.
697
3593728
2269
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
59:55
You book up your flight reservations,
698
3595997
5705
่ˆช็ฉบๅˆธใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
60:01
and here is a negative one over book.
699
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4655
ใƒžใ‚คใƒŠใ‚นใฎไบˆ็ด„ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
60:06
If you overbook something, it means you have over allocated.
700
3606357
6473
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‰ฒใ‚Šๅฝ“ใฆใŒ้Žๅ‰ฐใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:13
You have given too many of those things away.
701
3613497
4254
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใซไธŽใˆใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
60:17
Perhaps you want to stay in your favourite hotel, but unfortunately the hotel has overbooked.
702
3617751
7474
ใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใฎใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซๆณŠใพใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใใฎใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฏใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:25
They have reserved more rooms than they actually have.
703
3625843
5856
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
60:31
And this can happen sometimes.
704
3631699
2102
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ™‚ใ€…่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:33
Quite often, quite often airlines will overbook their flights
705
3633801
6006
่ˆช็ฉบไผš็คพใฏใ€
60:39
because they always assume lots of people will change their mind or cancel.
706
3639957
6173
ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆฐ—ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๅธธใซๆƒณๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
60:46
So it is common for airlines airline companies
707
3646730
6006
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ˆช็ฉบไผš็คพใŒ
60:52
to overbook their flights and it can be rather annoying.
708
3652853
6089
ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Š่ฟทๆƒ‘ใชๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:00
You might have to book out.
709
3660527
3237
ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
61:03
To book out means to leave or check out.
710
3663764
5338
ใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใจใฏใ€ๅ‡บ็™บใพใŸใฏใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:09
So that is the opposite to the opposite of booking.
711
3669102
5923
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไบˆ็ด„ใฎ้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚
61:15
Check in.
712
3675025
1768
ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰
61:16
You book out.
713
3676793
2002
ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
61:18
You check out.
714
3678795
2519
ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:21
You are about to leave.
715
3681314
4922
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:26
You might book a suspect if you book a suspect.
716
3686236
5939
ๅฎน็–‘่€…ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฎน็–‘่€…ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:32
It means you charge that person or you arrest them.
717
3692175
4838
ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎไบบใ‚’ๅ‘Š็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹้€ฎๆ•ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
61:37
So maybe the police will book a subject.
718
3697013
4171
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ญฆๅฏŸใฏๅฏพ่ฑก่€…ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
61:41
This is often used in American English with the American police force.
719
3701184
5672
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ่ญฆๅฏŸใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
61:46
So you might book someone you are charging that person with some sort of offence.
720
3706856
8759
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎไบบใ‚’ไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎ็ฝชใงๅ‘Š็™บใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
61:57
The booking can be an arrest or a reservation.
721
3717434
6673
ไบˆ็ด„ใฏ้€ฎๆ•ใพใŸใฏไฟ็•™ใฎๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
62:04
Something you are saving, something you are putting aside, something you are reserving can be described as a booking.
722
3724407
10310
็ฏ€็ด„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€่„‡ใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ไบˆ็ด„ใจ่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€ฎๆ•ใ‚‚
62:15
It can also be an arrest as well.
723
3735718
2987
ใ‚ใ‚Šๅพ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆบ€ๅธญ
62:20
If something is described as
724
3740506
2319
ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
62:22
fully booked, it means there is no more available.
725
3742825
5940
ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†็ฉบใใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:28
Everything or all has been allocated.
726
3748765
5989
ใ™ในใฆใพใŸใฏใ™ในใฆใŒๅ‰ฒใ‚Šๅฝ“ใฆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
62:34
There are no rooms available in the hotel.
727
3754937
4205
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซใฏ็ฉบๅฎคใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
62:39
The hotel is fully booked.
728
3759142
5004
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฏๆบ€ๅฎคใงใ™ใ€‚
62:44
We can describe a person
729
3764146
4088
62:48
who looks as if they read lots of books as
730
3768234
5989
ๆœฌใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ใ€
62:54
bookish.
731
3774440
1585
ๆœฌๅฅฝใใจ่กจ็พใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
62:56
A person who appears to be maybe a student, or maybe they wear glasses like me.
732
3776025
7407
ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅญฆ็”Ÿใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ็งใจๅŒใ˜ใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€‚
63:04
People often assume a person who wears glasses must study quite a lot.
733
3784283
6540
ใƒกใ‚ฌใƒใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŒใกใงใ™ใ€‚
63:11
They must read a lot of books.
734
3791807
2436
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใพใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:14
So the word bookish means studious.
735
3794243
3687
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€bookish ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅ‹‰ๅผทๅฎถใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
63:17
A person who looks as if they read lots of books.
736
3797930
6006
ใ„ใ‹ใซใ‚‚ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใใ†ใชไบบใ€‚
63:26
You might book a room at a hotel, or maybe book a flight.
737
3806605
7291
ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:34
So, as I said earlier, the word book in this particular sense means reserve.
738
3814363
7474
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅˆฅใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฎๅ˜่ชžๅธณใฏไบˆๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:42
You are reserving something, you will phone up the hotel and you will book a room.
739
3822254
6640
ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ— ใฆ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:49
You want a room to be saved for you.
740
3829545
3987
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’็ขบไฟใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
63:53
You might book a flight.
741
3833532
2736
้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
63:56
You want to catch a flight at a certain time to a certain place.
742
3836268
4888
็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€่กŒใใฎ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:02
You might arrange a vacation trip.
743
3842391
3486
ไผ‘ๆš‡ๆ—…่กŒใ‚’ๆ‰‹้…ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:05
You will book a holiday.
744
3845877
3137
ไผ‘ๆ—ฅใฎใ”ไบˆ็ด„ใจใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
64:09
I have to say, I am really looking forward to booking a holiday.
745
3849014
6006
ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:15
I really feel as if I need a break.
746
3855253
4922
ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไผ‘ๆ†ฉใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:20
You might also decide to book a day off from work.
747
3860175
5973
ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
64:26
If you book a day off, it means you arrange with your boss or your manager to take a certain day off from work.
748
3866148
9009
ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไธŠๅธ ใพใŸใฏใƒžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใจ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ—ฅใซไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ๆ‰‹้…ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:35
You don't want to work on one particular day, so you will book a day off from work.
749
3875657
6840
็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ—ฅใซๅƒใใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ไผ‘ใ‚€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ไบˆ็ด„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:42
You will arrange for that to be done.
750
3882948
4554
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰‹้…ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:47
You might do something by the book.
751
3887502
2703
ใ“ใฎๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
64:50
As I said earlier, if you do something by the book, it means you follow the correct rules.
752
3890205
7440
ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๆœฌใซๅพ“ใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใƒซใƒผใƒซใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
64:58
You follow all of the rules.
753
3898046
3353
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใฆใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใซๅพ“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
65:01
You carefully observe the rules and follow them
754
3901399
3871
ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆณจๆ„ๆทฑใ่ฆณๅฏŸใ—ใ€
65:06
by the book
755
3906621
1919
65:08
as they are written down.
756
3908540
4955
ๆœฌใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹้€šใ‚Šใซๅพ“ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
65:13
In other words, connected to books.
757
3913495
4254
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆœฌใจใคใชใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ€‚
65:17
Parts of a book.
758
3917749
2586
ๆœฌใฎไธ€้ƒจใ€‚
65:20
We have the word chapter.
759
3920335
2302
็ซ ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:22
Chapter a certain section of a book.
760
3922637
4054
ๆœฌใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็ซ ใ€‚
65:26
Part of a book.
761
3926691
2152
ๆœฌใฎไธ€้ƒจใ€‚
65:28
A story might be divided into chapters.
762
3928843
5105
ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็ซ ใซๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:33
A chapter is often numbered and also titled.
763
3933948
3904
ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็ซ ใซใฏ็•ชๅทใŒไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซใ‚‚ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
65:37
So each part of a story normally will have a number.
764
3937852
6006
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใฎๅ„้ƒจๅˆ†ใซใฏ็•ชๅทใŒไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฌฌ
65:44
Chapter one. Chapter two. Chapter three.
765
3944008
4404
ไธ€็ซ ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไบŒ็ซ ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ‰็ซ ใ€‚
65:48
And sometimes they will also have a title.
766
3948412
3170
ใใ—ใฆๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒˆใƒซใ‚‚ไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
65:51
For example, chapter one.
767
3951582
2803
ไพ‹ใˆใฐ็ฌฌไธ€็ซ ใ€‚
65:54
Mr. Duncan is born.
768
3954385
3687
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐ่ช•็”Ÿใ€‚
65:58
Chapter two Mr.
769
3958072
2152
็ฌฌ 2 ็ซ 
66:00
Duncan goes to school.
770
3960224
4438
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
66:04
Chapter three Mr.
771
3964662
1868
็ฌฌ 3 ็ซ 
66:06
Duncan tries to find a job.
772
3966530
5489
ใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณๆฐใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:12
Does the story have a happy ending though?
773
3972019
2403
ๆžœใŸใ—ใฆ็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
66:14
Does it and end happily?
774
3974422
3603
ใใ‚Œใฏๅนธใ›ใซ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
66:18
Does it have a happy ending?
775
3978025
3587
ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
66:21
Chapters.
776
3981612
1351
็ซ ใ€‚
66:22
All sections of a story.
777
3982963
4054
ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใฎใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
66:27
Then we have the word free phase or preface.
778
3987017
3687
ๆฌกใซใ€่‡ช็”ฑๆฎต้šŽใพใŸใฏๅบๆ–‡ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
66:30
A section at the start of a book.
779
3990704
2770
ๆœฌใฎๅ†’้ ญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€‚
66:33
A foreword or preface come before the story.
780
3993474
5272
ๅบๆ–‡ใพใŸใฏๅบๆ–‡ใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎๅ‰ใซ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
66:38
So quite often when you first open a book, there is quite often some information at the front of the book or before
781
3998746
7407
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆๆœฌใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใŸใจใใ€ ๆœฌใฎๅ†’้ ญใ€ใพใŸใฏ
66:46
the book actually begins.
782
4006787
2936
ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๆœฌใŒๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซไฝ•ใ‚‰ใ‹ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
66:51
We often call it a preface.
783
4011141
2736
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅบๆ–‡ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
66:53
Or sometimes a person will write something at the start of the book.
784
4013877
4755
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ๆœฌใฎๅ†’้ ญใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
66:58
They call it a foreword, but
785
4018632
2769
ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅบๆ–‡ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใŒใ€
67:01
a text book might have an introduction, something that will introduce the subject.
786
4021401
8759
ๆ•™็ง‘ๆ›ธใซใฏใ€ไธป้กŒใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅบๆ–‡ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
67:12
Then we have the opposite the back of a book.
787
4032112
2302
ๆฌกใซใ€ๆœฌใฎ่ฃๅดใฎๅๅฏพๅดใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
67:14
The end of a book is called the appendix.
788
4034414
4388
ๆœฌใฎๅทปๆœซใ‚’ไป˜้Œฒใจใ„ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
67:18
So it's the back at the end of the book.
789
4038802
3320
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅทปๆœซใฎ่ฃ้ขใงใ™ใ€‚
67:22
We have the appendix A section at the end of the book, an index listing.
790
4042122
6840
ๅทปๆœซใซใฏไป˜้Œฒ A ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ็ดขๅผ•ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
67:29
Contents of the book is often added at the back.
791
4049246
4287
ๆœฌใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใฏๅทปๆœซใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
67:33
So when we talk about index, we are looking at a list of things, normally in some sort of order.
792
4053533
9326
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ้ †ๅบใงใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
67:43
And you can find certain things in that index.
793
4063844
6005
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰็‰นๅฎšใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
67:50
It is there to make it easier for you to find the information.
794
4070000
4955
ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚„ใ™ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
67:56
We can also say that it is a listing of reference notes.
795
4076172
5706
ๅ‚่€ƒๆ–‡็Œฎใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
68:01
So if you read a book with lots of information, you can go to the back of the book
796
4081878
5789
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅคšใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆœฌใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆœฌใฎๅพŒใ‚ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ
68:07
and you will see all of the references where that information came from and how they obtained it.
797
4087667
9776
ใ€ ใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใฎๅ‡บๆ‰€ใจใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ—ใŸใ‹ใŒใ™ในใฆ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
68:20
A bridge.
798
4100563
1902
ๆฉ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
68:22
So this is an interesting word, the word a bridge.
799
4102465
3887
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€ๆฉ‹ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
68:26
This means the shortened version of a long story.
800
4106352
5055
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎ็‰ˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
68:31
So sometimes a story can be long.
801
4111407
4855
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏ่ฉฑใŒ้•ทใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
68:36
The famous story.
802
4116262
2402
ๆœ‰ๅใช่ฉฑใ€‚
68:38
War and peace is a very long story.
803
4118664
5990
ๆˆฆไบ‰ใจๅนณๅ’Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
68:44
Tolstoy really did enjoy writing that book.
804
4124954
4388
ใƒˆใƒซใ‚นใƒˆใ‚คใฏใใฎๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใใฎใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ€‚
68:49
In fact, he didn't know when to stop, to be honest.
805
4129342
3153
ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ๅฝผใฏใ„ใคใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
68:52
So you might a bridge or a story.
806
4132495
3770
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆฉ‹ใ‚„็‰ฉ่ชžใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
68:56
It means you shorten the story.
807
4136265
2970
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€่ฉฑใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
68:59
You make it easier to read.
808
4139235
3603
่ชญใฟใ‚„ใ™ใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:02
Over a short period of time, a book might be abridged to be less, to be clearer or less complex.
809
4142838
10144
็ŸญๆœŸ้–“ใงใฏใ€ ๆœฌใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š็Ÿญใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ค‡้›‘ใ•ใ‚’่ปฝๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ฆ็ด„ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:13
So you might shorten the story to make it clearer and easier to understand.
810
4153783
6523
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใ‹ใค็†่งฃใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’็Ÿญใใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:21
We often describe it as an abridged version.
811
4161107
4537
็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿญ็ธฎ็‰ˆใจ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:25
So maybe you get a book, a story, and it has been shortened.
812
4165644
6440
ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€็Ÿญใใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆœฌใ‚„็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
69:32
We can say that that story has been abridged.
813
4172785
4855
ใใฎ่ฉฑใฏ่ฆ็ด„ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
69:37
It has been shortened.
814
4177640
2702
็Ÿญ็ธฎใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
69:40
Certain parts have been removed.
815
4180342
2786
ไธ€้ƒจใฎ้ƒจๅ“ใฏๅ‰Š้™คใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
69:44
There are, of course, different types of book, different types of story.
816
4184813
5990
ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎๆœฌใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
69:51
You can have a novel.
817
4191086
2753
ๅฐ่ชฌใŒใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
69:53
Novels are wonderful.
818
4193839
2185
ๅฐ่ชฌใฃใฆ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
69:56
They are often long, complex stories with lots of characters and lots of drama.
819
4196024
8042
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๅคšใใฎ็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใจๅคšใใฎใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใ‚’ไผดใ†้•ทใ่ค‡้›‘ใช็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
70:05
Normally they are not true or not real.
820
4205067
4171
้€šๅธธใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚‚็พๅฎŸใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
70:09
They are fiction.
821
4209238
2185
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
70:11
But these days, sometimes they have a little bit of truth and some fiction.
822
4211423
7825
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏใ€ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใฎ็œŸๅฎŸใจใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
70:20
So when we talk about novels, we are talking about long stories,
823
4220332
5005
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅฐ่ชฌใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
70:25
complicated stories, normally involving lots of different characters.
824
4225337
5639
้€šๅธธใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใŒ้–ขไธŽใ™ใ‚‹้•ทใ„็‰ฉ่ชžใ€่ค‡้›‘ใช็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
70:30
And quite often a lot of drama as well.
825
4230976
5405
ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒžใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
70:36
So we have fiction.
826
4236381
2703
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
70:39
The word fiction is a type of story, a created story that is not real or true.
827
4239084
8658
ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ็‰ฉ่ชžใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็พๅฎŸใงใ‚‚็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ๅ‰ตไฝœใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ ใ€‚
70:47
It is something that has been made up.
828
4247776
2736
ไฝœใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
70:50
It has been created. It is not real. It is not true.
829
4250512
5038
ไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
70:55
It is fiction.
830
4255550
1568
ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
70:58
And then, of course, we have non-fiction.
831
4258553
3804
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใƒŽใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
71:02
So anything dealing with facts, anything dealing with history,
832
4262357
6206
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๆญดๅฒใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ€
71:08
things that really happened or things that are actually happening, we will use
833
4268847
6389
ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€
71:16
the word non-fiction, something that is non fiction.
834
4276554
5990
ใƒŽใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใƒŽใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
71:24
And that is everything you need to know about books.
835
4284162
5055
ๆœฌใซใคใ„ใฆ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใฏใ“ใ‚Œใงใ™ในใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
71:29
All of the words, all of the phrases connected to those things.
836
4289217
5989
ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
71:36
Beatrice says I love novels that have a happy ending.
837
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ใƒ™ใ‚ขใƒˆใƒชใ‚นใฏใ€็งใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๅฐ่ชฌใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
71:42
I have to say, I have to say it is nice to read a story.
838
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็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชญใ‚€ใฎใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:46
Not always.
839
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:48
Many stories do not have a happy ending.
840
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ๅคšใใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
71:52
Romeo and Juliet is a famous story written by William the Shakespeare, and that is not a happy ending.
841
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ใƒญใƒŸใ‚ชใจใ‚ธใƒฅใƒชใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใฏใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒชใ‚ขใƒ ใƒปใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸๆœ‰ๅใช็‰ฉ่ชžใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
72:03
Not at all.
842
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ๅ…จใใชใ„ใ€‚
72:04
So sometimes a story can have a positive outcome or a happy end.
843
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5789
ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€็‰ฉ่ชžใŒๅ‰ๅ‘ใใช็ตๆžœใ‚„ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
72:11
And sometimes the opposite.
844
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ใใ—ใฆๆ™‚ใซใฏใใฎ้€†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
72:16
Very much the opposite.
845
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ใพใฃใŸใ้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚
72:18
Thank you very much for your company today.
846
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ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฏ่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
72:25
Thank you very much for watching me and I hope you enjoy today's English addict.
847
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ English Addict ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
72:30
I am back with you, by the way, on Sunday Sunday, 2 p.m.
848
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒ2ๆ™‚ใซใพใŸไธ€็ท’ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
72:37
UK. Time is when I am back with you.
849
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2903
ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใ€‚ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซๆˆปใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
72:39
On Sunday there is me and there is Mr.
850
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ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏ็งใจใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™
72:44
Steve as well, so he will be joining us as well on Sunday the same time.
851
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6540
ใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใ‚‚ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅŒใ˜ๆ™‚้–“ใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
72:50
2 p.m.
852
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ๅˆๅพŒ2ๆ™‚
72:51
UK time is when we are back with you and I look forward to seeing you on Sunday.
853
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6790
่‹ฑๅ›ฝๆ™‚้–“ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใฎใง ใ€ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
72:58
We have lots of things to look at, lots of things to talk about.
854
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4405
็งใŸใกใซใฏ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ในใใ‚‚ใฎใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
73:03
We might even have some information about the big rendezvous next year.
855
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ๆฅๅนดใฎๅคง่ฆๆจกใชใƒฉใƒณใƒ‡ใƒ–ใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚‚ๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
73:09
We might. We are still making some arrangements. There.
856
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ใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใพใ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ชฟๆ•ดใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใฏใ€‚
73:17
Lewis says Pride and prejudice.
857
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6006
ใƒซใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ€Œ้ซ˜ๆ…ขใจๅ่ฆ‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
73:23
I don't know what you mean by that.
858
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1167
ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใง่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
73:24
Do you mean it has a happy ending? Or maybe it is a story that you enjoy.
859
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹็‰ฉ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
73:29
Tell me on Sunday, please.
860
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1835
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:31
Thank you very much for your.
861
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่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
73:35
Information there today.
862
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1802
ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ™ใ€‚
73:37
Hello at ways.
863
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3053
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
73:40
Hello at ways.
864
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2369
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
73:42
Watching in Kerala.
865
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3086
ใ‚ฑใƒผใƒฉใƒฉๅทžใง้‘‘่ณžใ€‚
73:45
Hello to you and thank you for joining me today.
866
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3821
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
73:49
It's very nice to see you.
867
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ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
73:52
I will see you on Sunday.
868
4432576
1601
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
73:54
Take care.
869
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768
73:54
Enjoy the rest of your Wednesday.
870
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1801
ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚
ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใฎๆฐดๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
73:56
I hope today's lesson has been useful and helpful.
871
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
74:01
Don't forget you can watch this again later with lovely captions.
872
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6690
ๅพŒใง็ด ๆ•ตใชใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณไป˜ใใงใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
74:08
Later you can watch this all over again.
873
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ๅพŒใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
74:12
Don't forget my YouTube channel has lots and lots of
874
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็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„
74:19
videos.
875
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ใ€‚
74:21
In fact, you might say almost almost too many to be honest.
876
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจๅคšใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
74:26
Almost too many of them.
877
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1401
ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅคšใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚
74:30
If you want to follow, if you want to subscribe, then guess what?
878
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3938
ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€่ณผ่ชญใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
74:34
You are also welcome to do that as well.
879
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ใใ†ใ„ใฃใŸๆ–นใ‚‚ๅคงๆญ“่ฟŽใงใ™ใ€‚
74:37
Please follow, subscribe and don't forget to click on the notifications as well so you will find out when I am on.
880
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10777
ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใ€้€š็Ÿฅใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ็งใŒใ„ใคใ‚ชใƒณใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
74:48
This is Mr.
881
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651
74:49
Duncan in the birthplace of English saying thank you for watching.
882
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4388
ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€่‹ฑ่ชž็™บ็ฅฅใฎๅœฐใฎใƒ€ใƒณใ‚ซใƒณใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
74:54
I hope this has been useful.
883
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2586
ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
74:56
It's always a pleasure for me to be here with you.
884
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5272
็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
75:01
See you on Sunday.
885
4501878
1651
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
75:03
Take care.
886
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784
ๆฐ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ€‚
75:04
Keep that smile upon your face as you walk amongst the human race.
887
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4505
ไบบ้กžใฎ้–“ใ‚’ๆญฉใใจใใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใซใใฎ็ฌ‘้ก”ใ‚’ไฟใก็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
75:08
And I will see you on Sunday.
888
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ใใ—ใฆๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
75:12
And of course, until the next time we meet here, you know what's coming next.
889
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4255
ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๆฌกใซใ“ใ“ใงไผšใ†ใพใงใฏใ€ ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
75:16
Yes, you do.
890
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5739
ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
75:22
As I always say...
891
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1501
ใ„ใคใ‚‚่จ€ใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซโ€ฆ
75:26
Ta ta for now.
892
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1351
ใจใ‚Šใ‚ใˆใšใ‚ฟใ‚ฟใ€‚
75:28
See you on Sunday.
893
4528971
2419
ๆ—ฅๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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