"Respect My Authority!" - English Addict eXtra - LIVE Lesson - Learn words for 'being in control'

4,564 views ・ 2022-08-24

English Addict with Mr Duncan


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

03:17
Did you miss me?
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Did you miss me at all?
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Did you feel an empty space
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last Sunday? Hi.
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Here we go. Yes, we are back.
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Look, the garden is looking rather nice today.
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We have sunshine.
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We have rain.
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In fact, we have everything except snow.
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There is no snow today.
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You'll be pleased to hear.
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But everything is looking rather nice outside.
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It is another English addict coming to you live
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from the birthplace of the English language.
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Of course.
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It is England
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who are you?
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Hi, everybody. This is Mr. Duncan in England.
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How are you today? Are you okay?
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I hope so.
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Are you happy?
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04:27
Are you feeling happy today?
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I hope you are, because I'm back.
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04:32
Did you miss me on Sunday? I know I was not here.
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Unfortunately, but we did have a rather
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nice weekend and I hope whatever you did last
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Sunday was as exciting as my Sunday.
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It was very different.
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It did feel strange, I have to be honest with you.
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It did feel rather unusual.
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Not to be with you on Sunday.
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I was very aware that I was not doing
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my live stream, so I also missed it.
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Even though I was also having a very nice time.
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05:09
We went away to see some friends at the weekend.
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We had the most wonderful time and of course we went out and had something nice to eat.
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And yes, as usual, I always let everyone down.
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Did I behave myself the other night?
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No, I did not.
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I was so naughty.
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Not to mention the fact that I was at one point
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chatting up one of the waiters.
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But it was all good fun, that's all.
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Nothing serious.
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Here we are, then. Yes, my name is Mr.
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Duncan and I live in England.
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England is where I live and it also happens
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to be the birthplace of the English language.
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This is where it all started, around 1000 years ago,
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everyone suddenly decided, Ooh, I like those words.
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Let's take those words.
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Ooh. And also I like those words over there.
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Let's take those words.
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Let's mix them up slightly.
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We can make some of our own words up and then we will call it English.
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What a good idea.
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So I like English.
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I am one of those up there. Can you say
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I am an
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English addict and I have a feeling you might be one of those as well.
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I am back.
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Everything back to normal, which means I am here today
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and I am also with you on Sunday.
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Everything is back to normal
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on Sunday with myself and Mr. Steve.
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We will both be here.
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But for now you only have me.
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07:00
There is no Mr. Steve today.
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But he will be with us on Sunday.
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Yes, we have made it to the middle of another week.
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07:08
It is Wednesday.
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Beep, beep, beep, beep, beep, gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme,
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gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme, gimme the beep beep, beep, beep, beep.
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We are back together and I hope you are having a good week so far.
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I hope it's going ever so nice.
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I really do hope you are having a good week.
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Not too bad here. Busy.
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Let's just say I can't give you any details.
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But you do realise I'm sure that things
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have not been normal here
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over the past few weeks for various reasons.
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On Sunday we might talk about
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one of the things, one of the things that has been going on recently.
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I'm not sure I will I will ask Mr.
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Steve and I will ask him if he is okay
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with me saying it on Sunday and
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maybe he will want to talk about it as well on Sunday.
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So we will see what happens then.
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Lots of things going on.
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It has been a rather chaotic month
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for various reasons.
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08:36
That's all I'm saying that is all I am saying for now,
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because I can't say anything else, unfortunately.
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So I am back and we have the live chat.
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I wonder who was first on today's live chat.
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Who was here in first place?
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Oh, wow.
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Very interesting thing.
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We have the return of the champion.
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He's back on the top.
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Congratulations.
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Vitesse. Yes, you are.
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First on today's live chat.
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I'm back at the top.
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Very nice.
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Vitesse, nice to see you back there in first place.
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09:30
We also have my roots who is second on today's live chat?
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Paolo is here.
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Hello, Paolo.
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I hope you are feeling good today.
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Mohsen is here.
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Mr. Duncan, do you watch South Park?
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Yes, I do.
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How did you
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know that? How?
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How do you know that?
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I like South Park.
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I have no idea.
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09:59
Magdalena is here as well.
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Palmira.
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We also have Beatrice and also.
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Oh, you know, you know what's coming next.
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A big hello and welcome to Luis
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Mendez is here today.
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Hello, Luis.
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I was watching some of
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my very early English addict episode,
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so I started making English addict with my life streams.
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And I think it was the beginning
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or the middle of November 2019
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is when I started doing my English addict.
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Before that I was doing all sorts of other things as well on YouTube.
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But I started my English addict in I think it was around November,
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the early part of November 2019.
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11:01
But I did notice I actually watched
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one of my first ever episodes of my English Addict,
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and I was amazed to see how many people
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were on the live chat back then
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who was still on the live chat today,
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including Louis Mendez.
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So thank you very much.
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Lewis has been watching virtually all of my
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English addict live streams, quite a few.
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In fact, today I think I think we've done around about
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200 and I want to say around
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230, maybe 240.
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And that is also including the English addict extra as well.
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You see
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quite a few, in fact.
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So thank you very much, Lewis, for sticking with me.
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Throughout all of my English addict episodes,
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we also have beaches, also food.
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And hello to you as well.
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Petra is here.
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Nice to see you back, Z.
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Kurt is also here today and good news.
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Hello Carmouche. This is my first time here.
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I would like to be given a warm hi
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and I am watching you from Algeria.
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Hello, Garmisch.
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And can I say a big welcome to this wonderful
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English family?
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You will notice that we are all very friendly here
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and we like to talk about all sorts of subjects.
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Sometimes easy subjects, sometimes difficult subjects.
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Today we are talking about authority.
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You know what I'm talking about?
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People who have authority or
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maybe they are in a position of authority.
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They have the power.
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They have the authority
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maybe to give instructions
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or orders or maybe to pass laws
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or enforce the law.
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If you get my meaning, of course, in that respect,
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in that situation, we are talking about the police,
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the police, the law, those that can enforce the law on others.
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We also have Vitoria.
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Hello to you as well.
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Lira is here. Hello, Lira.
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Lira, can she say hello to you as well?
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Nice to see you back also.
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And also we have Beba.
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I'm seeing quite a few names
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here today that I don't recognise, so I have a feeling
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there might be lots of people watching for the first time today.
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Hello, Vitoria.
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I have always been watching and following Mr.
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Duncan, but I only started to take part in the chat later on.
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Well, this is something that can happen.
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People can be a little shy, a little intimidated, maybe.
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Maybe you feel unsure,
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or maybe you don't have much confidence to type.
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But don't worry, it doesn't matter because we are all here for the same reason
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to share our love of the English language and to have some fun and
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to make new friends.
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So I think this is a good opportunity
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for all of that.
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Hello. Also to
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can I say hello to Marois
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or should I say Mo Wah Ma.
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Well,
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it's so nice to see you back here again.
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Thank you very much for joining me.
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I haven't seen Claudia.
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Has anyone seen Claudia?
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Because Claudia or as many people know her, Belarus
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here she is watching in Argentina
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and also has been watching since the very beginning
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of my English addict life streams as well.
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We also have who else is here.
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Oh, very interesting.
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Oh, it looks as if someone is going on holiday.
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Really?
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I think someone might be going on holiday.
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And I wonder who I am.
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Jealous, by the way, if you are about to go on holiday, if you are about to go travelling,
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can I just say I am very jealous because I am not going anywhere at the moment.
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Too busy, you see too many things going on.
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I'm now making short lessons on Instagram.
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I've also started making some very short videos
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here on YouTube and I made my first one this week.
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You may have seen it posted during the week,
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and of course I'm still busy doing my live streams as well.
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Not only that, there is more.
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I am also making some new full length
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episodes of my English lessons.
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So new subjects, new things to talk about as well.
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So I have been so busy over the past few days.
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I was glad to have my break at the weekend.
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I had a lovely time.
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We went to a place in the north of England in North Wales, in fact,
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and we had a lovely
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time with our friends, Sonia and Brent.
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We had some lovely food, maybe a little,
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just not much, but a little alcohol as well.
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I had a little drink.
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Not too much.
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So that
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English with DC says, Oh, hello,
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love your comprehensive and easy, beautiful accent.
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Thank you very much.
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This is British.
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Not a lot of people like the British accent.
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It would appear that these days
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more and more people seem to prefer the American accent.
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I don't know why. Because this is where it all started.
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This is the birthplace of the English language.
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Anything else
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is just a pale substitute.
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That's all I have to say.
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Petra says I am going to have a holiday in one week from now.
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My holiday will start from next Sunday
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and I am looking forward to it very much.
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A lot of people, of course, at this time of year do go on holiday.
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They take trips, maybe abroad or maybe just in their local area
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or maybe a place within their own country.
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I'm not sure what we are doing, Mr. Steve.
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We had said, and I am hoping
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that we might take a short break in early September, so there might be something coming up.
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We're not sure about that, though.
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We're not sure
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everything is undecided.
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It is all up in the air
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when we say that something is up in the air,
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it means it has not been decided.
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We are not sure that particular thing
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is still up in the air.
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It's a great expression.
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Oh, it would appear that Beatrice is going away.
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Hmm. Interesting.
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Mm hmm. Interesting.
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Apparently during the holiday time,
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because there are many people travelling.
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Beatrice is travelling by not not a commercial plane,
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but a plane that is owned by the Air Force.
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Very interesting.
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Maybe they will fly over your destination and you will have to jump out of the plane with a parachute.
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That would be very interesting, wouldn't it?
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The only problem is I wouldn't do that because I am afraid of heights.
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As you know, I do not like looking down if I'm high up.
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So I don't think there is any chance of me
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jumping out of an aeroplane with a parachute.
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I would be very worried about the parachute not opening
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and also I would be rather concerned about landing on the ground.
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Maybe I would land on my legs and break them.
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Or maybe I will come down and get stuck in a tree
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and no one will find me.
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And I will be dangling in the tree.
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Dangling long.
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I like that word dangle.
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If you dangle, it means you are hanging.
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Hanging. You dangle.
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So maybe my parachute will get caught in a tree
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and I will be dangling there forever.
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20:53
Mary is here.
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20:55
Hello to you.
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20:56
It's a long time since we've seen you here on the live chat.
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21:01
Welcome back.
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21:03
It has been a long time since I joined you.
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21:05
By the way, Mr. Duncan.
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Congratulations for your 1 million subscribers.
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21:11
Yes, I now have over 1 million subscribers.
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21:16
A lot of people ask Mr.
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21:18
Duncan, is anything different?
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21:21
What has changed?
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21:25
And my answer is nothing.
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21:28
Can I just say anyone who is looking forward
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21:32
to having 1 million subscribers, can I just say it changes absolutely nothing.
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21:38
Nothing happens.
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21:40
I haven't even been
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21:42
acknowledged by YouTube.
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21:45
Even YouTube hasn't got in touch with me.
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21:48
They haven't written to me.
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21:50
They haven't sent me anything.
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21:53
I haven't received any award for reaching 1 million subscribers.
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21:57
So it would appear that as far as YouTube is concerned,
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22:02
I'm not all that important.
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22:04
To be honest, I think so.
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22:07
I think that might be the algorithms deciding
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22:12
who is important on YouTube and who isn't.
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22:16
And I have a feeling maybe.
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22:18
Perhaps I am not.
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22:20
Claudia is here.
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22:22
Hello, Claudia.
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22:24
I suppose I should ask what is cooking?
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22:28
Claudia.
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22:29
What do you have in your pocket?
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22:32
Can I also say Claudia has been watching
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22:35
my English addict livestreams since they started in November 2019.
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22:43
So thank you for sticking with me.
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22:45
Thank you for staying with me, Claudia.
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22:49
And once again, the
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22:50
question is, what is cooking, Claudia?
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22:54
What are what are you cooking in your pot?
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22:59
Mary says, I saw your YouTube short yesterday,
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23:05
which is one of my new short videos that I'm making.
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23:09
And then I decided that I'm going to join your livestream today.
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23:13
Oh, thank you, Mary.
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23:15
Very kind of you.
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23:16
Thank you very much.
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23:19
Hello. Also, Laura.
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23:21
Hello, Laura.
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23:23
Laura molinaro.
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23:25
I hope I pronounce your name right today we are talking all about
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23:31
authority.
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23:32
People who have authority,
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23:36
people who are able because of their position
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23:40
or their rank, they are able to tell other people what to do.
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23:46
Maybe you have authority to arrest someone.
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23:51
Maybe you are in the army
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23:53
and you are able to give orders to other people to tell them what to do.
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23:59
So we are talking all about
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24:01
giving orders, having authority,
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4271
24:06
having the power to do that as well.
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24:11
We'll take a short break
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24:13
and then I will be back with you with more of this.
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24:17
Today, we are talking all about authority.
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24:20
What about you?
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1034
24:21
Have you ever been in trouble
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2603
24:25
with someone that has authority?
360
1465027
3737
24:28
And by that I mean the police.
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3103
24:32
All of that coming up right after this.
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172139
27:28
I'm a big boy
363
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27:29
now. Mm.
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14614
27:46
We are back together live.
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1768
27:48
And it is Wednesday, the 24th of August.
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3203
27:52
August is coming to an end.
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1969
27:54
September is just around the corner.
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4104
27:58
I hope you are feeling good today and everyone is happy.
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4404
28:03
And if you are not happy, if you are feeling a bit down in the mouth,
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5106
28:08
then maybe we can cheer you up because everyone is here today
371
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4638
28:13
enjoying the English language and I hope you are having a good time.
372
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5338
28:19
Vitesse.
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4404
28:23
Vitesse is making some of his usual jokes.
374
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3671
28:28
Every time a bird does a poop on my car.
375
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3937
28:32
I go out onto my terrace and I eat some scrambled eggs
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28:36
just to show them who is the boss.
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3603
28:41
So I would say that Vitesse
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28:44
is showing his authority to the birds.
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28:50
Some might say that's a little bit cruel,
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28:54
but to be honest with you, I kind of agree with Vitesse.
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4504
28:59
There is nothing more annoying than bird poop on your car.
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4004
29:03
It is one of the things that Steve absolutely hates.
383
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3604
29:07
He gets so angry when he's driving along and then suddenly
384
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3938
29:11
a load of bird poop lands on his window whilst he's driving.
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29:16
He hates it so much because you can't get out to clean the window
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29:22
and if you use your windscreen wipers
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29:25
it makes it worse because then it smears all over the window.
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4238
29:30
So maybe, maybe I agree with you.
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2202
29:32
And also eggs are very nice as well.
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2636
29:35
I have to be honest with you.
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1601
29:36
I do like eating eggs.
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2236
29:38
The view outside today is very nice.
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2869
29:41
Can I just show you again?
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2135
29:43
Everything in the garden is looking rather lovely.
395
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2503
29:46
The sun has suddenly decided to come out.
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4037
29:51
It was dull this morning.
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2069
29:53
Then we had a little bit of rain.
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2202
29:56
And now the sun has decided to come out and everything is looking rather nice.
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3837
30:00
You might also notice there are lots of bees
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2769
30:03
buzzing around on the plants as well.
401
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2970
30:06
Ooh, I have something very nice to show you in a moment.
402
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2803
30:11
Another view looking at you can see we have blue sky.
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3570
30:14
We also have some clouds floating overhead as well.
404
1814842
5005
30:20
Apparently, it's going to get rather cool over the next couple of days.
405
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4538
30:24
I don't know what that means.
406
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2803
30:27
I don't think winter is going to arrive just yet.
407
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3937
30:31
I think we have a little bit longer to wait before winter comes along.
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4738
30:37
So don't worry about that.
409
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1535
30:38
I saw something the other night that was so beautiful.
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5072
30:43
Would you like to see it?
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1402
30:45
I'm going to show it to you now.
412
1845273
1901
30:47
So this is something I spied out of my window the other night.
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4305
30:51
I saw a certain bird flying around and I knew
414
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5672
30:58
that it was going to land somewhere near my house.
415
1858653
3003
31:01
So I got my camera very quickly and I was lucky
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3003
31:05
to actually capture a few moments
417
1865559
2770
31:08
of the most magnificent bird
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3270
31:12
that you can see around this area.
419
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3070
31:16
Can you see it on the right of your screen?
420
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4305
31:21
Yes, it is a heron.
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2435
31:24
Huge birds.
422
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2169
31:26
They normally eat fish.
423
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2136
31:28
And there are many people in this area who own large ponds
424
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5305
31:35
with fish.
425
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1468
31:36
So there you can see a lovely heron sitting in the tree.
426
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3804
31:40
Very large birds.
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1969
31:42
And you will see it fly off in the moments.
428
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2369
31:45
Watch this.
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1435
31:46
It's magnificent.
430
1906901
2002
31:49
Any second now,
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2102
31:51
it's going to fly away.
432
1911472
2035
31:53
Goodbye, Mr. Heron. Goodbye.
433
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2570
31:56
I see you soon.
434
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4070
32:01
Wow. Look at that.
435
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1668
32:03
Oh, my goodness. I can't tell you how
436
1923350
2303
32:06
how thrilled I was to see you that
437
1926987
2870
32:11
the most amazing bird, a beautiful heron.
438
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4204
32:16
And of course, you will know that in my garden.
439
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2736
32:19
I do have.
440
1939233
1902
32:21
Not a real heron.
441
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2169
32:23
It's a fake heron in my garden.
442
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2269
32:26
But there you just saw a real one.
443
1946707
2469
32:29
A real life heron flying around.
444
1949176
4171
32:33
Today, we are looking at a very interesting subject.
445
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3237
32:36
Maybe some people won't like this subject, but I think it is something
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5872
32:42
that is part of all of our lives for good reasons
447
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4438
32:47
and also maybe for bad reasons as well.
448
1967261
3537
32:50
So not always good and not always bad.
449
1970798
3236
32:55
We are looking at words connected to
450
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2770
32:59
authority.
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1979239
1902
33:01
When we look at authority, we are talking about those with power.
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5706
33:07
They have the power to do certain things.
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1987381
4538
33:12
They have the power to tell people what to do.
454
1992252
4839
33:17
They have authority.
455
1997858
2503
33:20
They always Cartman would say authority to
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2000361
4437
33:27
Yes, I do like South Park for all those wondering.
457
2007067
3604
33:30
I do.
458
2010671
2169
33:33
Hello to Giovani O. Hello.
459
2013006
2536
33:35
Giovani is here as well.
460
2015542
2136
33:37
Hello to Mr. Duncan.
461
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1601
33:39
And also can I say hello to Mr.
462
2019279
2002
33:41
Steve, who is on your microphone?
463
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2570
33:43
There he is.
464
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1334
33:45
So unfortunately, we do not have the real Mr.
465
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2903
33:48
Steve here today.
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1335
33:49
But there he is
467
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2235
33:52
saying hello on my microphone.
468
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2236
33:56
But he he will be with us on Sunday.
469
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2470
33:58
So don't worry too much about that.
470
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1935
34:00
He will be back with us on Sunday.
471
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3403
34:04
So today we are looking at authority.
472
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5138
34:09
It's a great word.
473
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1668
34:11
The word authority.
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2536
34:13
So that is what we are looking at today.
475
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2736
34:16
By the way, if you do like this and you want to show
476
2056583
3270
34:19
your appreciation, you can give me a lovely life.
477
2059853
3704
34:24
Please, if you want to,
478
2064391
2336
34:27
please give me a lovely like under this
479
2067327
3671
34:31
live stream or underneath this video.
480
2071531
4071
34:37
So let's have a look at today's subject, shall we?
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2669
34:40
First of all, the word authority means to have the power or right
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5005
34:45
to give orders or instructions to others.
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3170
34:49
You can give orders.
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2089249
2302
34:51
You can give instructions to other people.
485
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4739
34:57
He has the authority to arrest you.
486
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3504
35:02
They have the authority to ban your book.
487
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4371
35:07
So people with power.
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2469
35:10
When we think of power, there are two ways of looking at power.
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4004
35:14
Well, maybe we think of energy, electricity,
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3870
35:18
maybe something that can give energy or transfer energy.
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5238
35:24
We often described that as power.
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2069
35:26
You need power to move your car.
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3604
35:30
An engine will provide power.
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2936
35:34
It is a source of power.
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2336
35:36
Electricity is a type of power.
496
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3904
35:41
Also, we can look at power as having another meaning,
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4938
35:46
which means to have authority you are allowed good, you are able.
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2146406
4338
35:50
You are in a position where you can tell other people what to do.
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4237
35:55
So the word authority means to have the power or right
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2155615
5439
36:01
to give orders or instructions to others.
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3871
36:06
And I'm sure you can think of many examples of that.
502
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3871
36:11
To hold a position of power
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2069
36:13
gives one the right of authority.
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3570
36:18
For example in a sentence
505
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2002
36:20
the President has the authority to pardon you.
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3603
36:24
He can say, Well, I know you've committed a crime,
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3370
36:28
but it wasn't very serious, so I am going to pardon you.
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4671
36:33
The President has the authority to pardon you.
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5839
36:39
That means that he will allow you to finish your sentence.
510
2199759
6907
36:46
Maybe you are in prison, or maybe the charge or the thing you are accused of.
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5539
36:52
The charge will be dropped
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2236
36:55
so you will no longer be in trouble.
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2970
36:59
The manager's authority here
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2269
37:02
is recognised, so maybe in a company.
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3536
37:05
Maybe if a manager goes to another place or another part of the business,
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5372
37:11
maybe his authority is not recognised
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4705
37:18
or in certain situations.
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2369
37:20
Perhaps it is.
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1335
37:21
So if you recognise someone's authority,
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3904
37:26
it means they are still allowed to tell you what to do.
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4538
37:30
They still have the power, even if they are
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3136
37:33
in a different place or a different part of the company.
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3170
37:36
Maybe they go to visit another place,
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2469
37:39
but because they are the manager, because they are in charge
525
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4438
37:44
of another part of the company, they still have authority.
526
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5038
37:50
The manager's authority here is recognised
527
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4437
37:55
so you can recognise someone's authority.
528
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4371
38:00
That means you acknowledge that they have
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3404
38:04
the power, they have the authority
530
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3070
38:09
in law,
531
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1368
38:10
a group or maybe an organisation can hold authority.
532
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5972
38:16
For example, in the sentence, military forces
533
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3938
38:20
have the legal authority
534
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2202
38:23
to arrest drug smugglers.
535
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3503
38:26
The military forces have the legal authority.
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4905
38:31
That means by law they can enforce those rules.
537
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6440
38:38
You are saying that the military force,
538
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3069
38:42
they have the authority to arrest
539
2322448
3404
38:46
anyone breaking the law.
540
2326853
2235
38:49
But in this particular sentence, we are referring to smuggling.
541
2329088
4872
38:54
Smuggling illegal drugs
542
2334560
2870
38:59
to hold an office of power is to be in authority.
543
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5439
39:05
So a person who is in authority,
544
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3069
39:08
a person who has authority,
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3336
39:12
we can say that that position means that they have power.
546
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4939
39:17
They are in authority.
547
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2169
39:20
You can be in authority.
548
2360553
2202
39:22
You can have authority.
549
2362755
2169
39:24
It means you are in charge.
550
2364924
3303
39:28
You might say, I'm in authority here.
551
2368761
3137
39:33
I'm in authority here.
552
2373432
2036
39:35
That means I have the power of authority so I can make decisions.
553
2375468
7674
39:43
I can tell other people what to do.
554
2383509
2569
39:46
I have authority.
555
2386479
5238
39:51
A person can be in authority or hold a position
556
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4839
39:56
where one can authorise and give permission.
557
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4772
40:02
So if you if you authorise
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3270
40:05
something, it means you are giving permission.
559
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3770
40:09
You are allowing something to happen.
560
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2669
40:12
Your position means that you can say
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3471
40:16
that something can happen.
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3370
40:20
You have authority.
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2369
40:22
So the term authorise means
564
2422381
4138
40:26
you are giving permission,
565
2426519
3236
40:29
you are allowing something to happen.
566
2429755
2836
40:33
He authorised the use of force,
567
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3203
40:37
maybe a leader, maybe someone very high up in the police force
568
2437430
6039
40:43
or the army, or maybe the President or Prime Minister.
569
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5839
40:49
They can authorise the use of force.
570
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4405
40:55
She has authorised new tax rises.
571
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4071
41:00
To authorise something is to give permission.
572
2460286
4004
41:04
You approve of that thing.
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3370
41:08
You have the authority,
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2836
41:11
you authorise something.
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5305
41:16
A person of authority might be a leader,
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4571
41:22
president, manager, supervisor, chief,
577
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5272
41:27
or anyone authorised to give orders.
578
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3203
41:31
So if you are in a position of power, quite often
579
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2903
41:34
it means also you are very high up,
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3036
41:37
you are able to give orders.
581
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3304
41:42
The President
582
2502127
1836
41:44
Well of course here in the UK we have Prime Minister.
583
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3069
41:48
So you might say that in this country
584
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3036
41:51
the Prime Minister of Great Britain,
585
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3570
41:55
the UK Prime Minister, is able to give orders
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4871
42:00
and announce decisions.
587
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2703
42:03
So they have a certain amount of authority,
588
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3704
42:08
although at the moment I'm
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1535
42:10
not quite sure who is running this country.
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2335
42:13
I'm not sure.
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1101
42:14
I have no idea.
592
2534760
3370
42:19
Giovani O.
593
2539498
1301
42:20
Hello, Giovani. Sorry, Mr.
594
2540799
2069
42:22
Duncan, could I use it amongst the job position in a company, a factory
595
2542868
5939
42:29
like I am the authority of the quality.
596
2549441
3203
42:33
Well, to be an authority can also mean expert, as well.
597
2553278
4572
42:37
So that is a very good observation.
598
2557850
2102
42:39
Giovani You can be an authority on something,
599
2559952
5539
42:45
so maybe if you are an expert or you know something about a certain subject,
600
2565791
5138
42:51
you can describe yourself as an authority
601
2571330
3670
42:55
on something, on a certain subject.
602
2575567
5272
43:00
So a person with authority can be a president, manager, supervisor,
603
2580839
5673
43:07
chief, normally someone with a very high position
604
2587012
5172
43:13
in the company.
605
2593018
3537
43:16
We can describe someone as an authority figure,
606
2596555
4838
43:22
which means a person who is respected or looked up to.
607
2602394
4371
43:27
And I'm sure in our lives we all have someone that we look up
608
2607466
5138
43:32
to quite often as a child.
609
2612604
2803
43:35
There will always be someone who you will admire
610
2615641
3637
43:39
or maybe look up to a person
611
2619611
2670
43:42
who you might see as an authority figure.
612
2622281
4237
43:46
They have
613
2626518
701
43:49
not necessarily power,
614
2629221
2569
43:51
but they have a way of controlling
615
2631790
3804
43:55
situations whilst being nice.
616
2635594
3003
43:58
At the same time, you might see someone as attractive in their position.
617
2638597
5372
44:04
They are an authority figure
618
2644202
2336
44:06
so it can be used in a positive way,
619
2646972
2402
44:09
but also it can be used in a negative way as well.
620
2649641
3170
44:13
If we see someone as,
621
2653078
2669
44:16
I don't know, maybe using their power in a bad way.
622
2656348
3203
44:20
So quite often we can use this in a good way or a bad way.
623
2660319
3370
44:24
But in a family we normally have at least one
624
2664389
3871
44:28
authority figure traditionally.
625
2668260
3003
44:32
And I know I'm going to get into trouble here.
626
2672497
2203
44:35
I know what you're going to say, Mr.
627
2675067
1901
44:36
Duncan.
628
2676968
2203
44:39
Traditionally, the father in the family would be the authority figure,
629
2679171
5238
44:45
although these days, of course, it can be anyone.
630
2685177
3937
44:49
I suppose
631
2689381
767
44:51
my older brother is the authority figure in this house.
632
2691583
4004
44:56
So maybe if your family has no father, maybe the father has left,
633
2696154
4605
45:01
maybe your parents have divorced,
634
2701093
2302
45:03
maybe your father has passed away.
635
2703995
3504
45:07
Maybe someone else in your family will take over
636
2707499
3904
45:11
as the authority figure,
637
2711603
2169
45:14
maybe an older brother or an older sister, of course.
638
2714473
3837
45:18
So someone older in the family
639
2718310
3570
45:22
who becomes
640
2722347
1869
45:26
an authority figure.
641
2726117
2203
45:28
So I like that phrase.
642
2728320
1301
45:29
I like that phrase an authority figure, someone who can give orders,
643
2729621
5939
45:35
someone who can decide what happens,
644
2735560
2603
45:38
someone who has authority
645
2738597
2435
45:42
in a certain place
646
2742000
3303
45:45
to be in authority is to be in control,
647
2745370
4304
45:50
in command,
648
2750742
2202
45:52
in charge at the helm.
649
2752944
4104
45:58
They are calling the shots.
650
2758216
2035
46:00
They are giving orders.
651
2760852
3403
46:04
So a person with authority can
652
2764255
3137
46:08
have a certain amount of control.
653
2768360
2268
46:11
They can command people, they can be in charge.
654
2771029
4137
46:15
They can be in charge of a certain part of the company
655
2775734
4804
46:20
or maybe the whole company.
656
2780772
2836
46:23
They are calling the shots.
657
2783608
2569
46:26
I like that one.
658
2786177
2269
46:28
That is a very common expression that we use in English
659
2788446
2970
46:31
when we are describing a person who has authority,
660
2791816
3270
46:35
they are able to give orders.
661
2795387
3370
46:39
They have the power to do that.
662
2799157
2903
46:42
Mr. Smith will be in charge of accounts from today.
663
2802994
4238
46:48
That means he will be calling the shots.
664
2808800
4271
46:53
He will be in charge of that thing.
665
2813071
3537
46:57
I will be calling the shots here from now on.
666
2817976
2936
47:01
I will be calling the shots here from now on.
667
2821546
5105
47:07
If I if I am calling the shots,
668
2827485
2636
47:10
it means I am making all of the big decisions.
669
2830121
3737
47:14
I have the authority to do that.
670
2834325
5606
47:23
Here's another one.
671
2843268
2936
47:26
To be in a position of giving approval can be described
672
2846204
3970
47:30
as having the authority to allow something to happen.
673
2850174
3738
47:34
So if you are in a position
674
2854512
2569
47:37
where you can give approval for something,
675
2857081
3337
47:40
so that means you can say
676
2860985
2703
47:43
yes, if a person wants
677
2863688
2169
47:45
something or a person asks for something, you are in a position
678
2865857
5772
47:51
where you can say yes or no.
679
2871629
4038
47:55
You have authority.
680
2875667
3503
47:59
For example, I can authorise your weeks holiday,
681
2879170
4204
48:03
maybe a person in the company wants to take a holiday for one week.
682
2883908
4438
48:09
Sometimes you have to gets your holiday approved.
683
2889781
3837
48:14
You have to ask if it is okay to have time off during that period.
684
2894018
5606
48:20
So you might have to ask your supervisor or your manager
685
2900591
3671
48:24
if you can take that time off.
686
2904729
3503
48:30
I can authorise your weeks holiday
687
2910068
2802
48:34
so that means I am able to approve or give permission.
688
2914072
5305
48:39
I have the authority
689
2919377
3203
48:42
the clerk can authorise his your cash refund
690
2922580
3837
48:48
so that person who is working in the shop
691
2928019
3203
48:52
has the authority.
692
2932223
15616
49:07
I am back.
693
2947839
900
49:08
I just had a quick drink of water,
694
2948739
3037
49:11
so to be in a position of giving approval can be described
695
2951776
3437
49:15
as having the authority to do it.
696
2955213
5005
49:20
There are various phrases that we can use when we want to describe
697
2960218
4437
49:24
a person who has authority,
698
2964655
3370
49:28
or maybe they are in a position of authority.
699
2968359
3904
49:32
We can describe that person as the boss,
700
2972763
3337
49:36
maybe the owner of the company may be a person
701
2976834
4004
49:40
who is in charge, perhaps the manager.
702
2980838
3570
49:44
So we often use the term boss
703
2984842
2970
49:48
as the person who is in control,
704
2988679
2670
49:51
or may be the person who has complete authority
705
2991349
4004
49:55
over everything else or everyone in the company.
706
2995653
4271
50:01
A person with authority
707
3001292
2202
50:03
is often referred to as the boss,
708
3003494
2336
50:07
the head honcho.
709
3007164
2236
50:09
I like that one.
710
3009400
1635
50:11
So the head honcho is the person in charge.
711
3011035
3403
50:14
That is the person who can give permission
712
3014438
4405
50:19
or has authority.
713
3019176
2236
50:22
Maybe the big cheese is the boss
714
3022246
2870
50:25
or the supervisor in your area, or maybe in your department.
715
3025316
5071
50:30
So you have to ask that person for permission.
716
3030888
3337
50:34
They have the authority.
717
3034825
2970
50:37
We can also say chief as well.
718
3037795
2636
50:40
So when we talk about chief, we are talking about a person
719
3040464
4204
50:44
who has a certain amount
720
3044668
3137
50:48
of authority, maybe not complete authority,
721
3048172
3136
50:51
so maybe they can make certain decisions.
722
3051775
3304
50:55
Not all of them, just some of those decisions
723
3055079
4171
50:59
can be made by the chief.
724
3059250
3069
51:02
Maybe they are just the supervisor
725
3062920
3637
51:06
or the manager of a certain part of a company.
726
3066657
5939
51:12
Here's another one.
727
3072596
3837
51:16
Authority figures in general are those enforcing the law.
728
3076433
5206
51:21
And this is the one that most people think of.
729
3081906
2869
51:24
Whenever we talk about authority, we often talk about people
730
3084775
4505
51:29
who give orders, who are in charge,
731
3089480
5105
51:34
have the power to enforce the law.
732
3094585
4771
51:40
So authority figures in general are those enforcing the law and keeping order,
733
3100257
4772
51:45
such as the police and army.
734
3105429
4204
51:50
So I think it would be fair
735
3110601
1368
51:51
to say that in different countries
736
3111969
2903
51:54
the police have different
737
3114972
3303
51:58
levels of authority or power.
738
3118475
3537
52:02
So in some countries, the police are restricted
739
3122579
3704
52:06
by how much power they have, whilst in other countries
740
3126884
4104
52:10
the police are given much more power or authority.
741
3130988
5072
52:16
So they are able to do more to enforce the law.
742
3136060
6606
52:22
I have the authority to arrest you.
743
3142666
3103
52:27
Perhaps the police officer will say that to you because they do.
744
3147337
3737
52:31
They have the authority.
745
3151074
1736
52:32
They are a police officer.
746
3152810
2469
52:35
They have to enforce the law.
747
3155846
2502
52:38
So they have the authority to put you under arrest.
748
3158849
7207
52:46
They have been authorised to search
749
3166056
3003
52:49
your house.
750
3169059
3403
52:52
Has anyone recently
751
3172462
3671
52:56
had their house searched?
752
3176333
2035
52:58
Can you think of anyone recently who has had their house
753
3178368
3470
53:01
searched by any particular department
754
3181838
3604
53:06
of law?
755
3186443
1368
53:08
They have been authorised to search your quite often.
756
3188612
4805
53:13
And the same thing applies in this country and maybe where you are.
757
3193750
4238
53:18
The police cannot come into your house.
758
3198255
3470
53:21
They can't they can't just enter your house.
759
3201725
3604
53:25
They have to have good reason to do it.
760
3205329
2736
53:28
So the police can't just
761
3208598
3437
53:32
smash your door down
762
3212035
2336
53:34
in the middle of the night unless they have a good reason.
763
3214371
2636
53:37
And quite often they have to have special permission to do it.
764
3217007
5172
53:42
We often describe this as a warrant.
765
3222679
2670
53:45
So the warrant is the thing that says the police have the authority
766
3225882
5039
53:51
to do this particular thing to you.
767
3231221
4071
53:56
Maybe in the night you're lying in bed
768
3236593
2870
53:59
and then suddenly you hear a banging at the door
769
3239529
3204
54:03
and it's the police.
770
3243200
3703
54:06
They have been authorised to search your house and maybe arrest you.
771
3246903
5806
54:13
What have you been doing?
772
3253710
3570
54:17
Have you been naughty again?
773
3257280
3537
54:20
The army seised the area and are in control.
774
3260817
4738
54:25
So when we think of authority, we often think of the police.
775
3265555
3237
54:29
And I suppose the other one is the military as well, the army.
776
3269092
3871
54:33
So the army can take control of a certain area,
777
3273430
4938
54:38
maybe if there is a problem, maybe if there is a social disturbance, maybe a riot,
778
3278401
7475
54:46
sometimes the army will move in
779
3286243
2636
54:48
and they will take the area over.
780
3288879
3003
54:52
I have to be honest with you, we don't normally here in the UK
781
3292148
4305
54:56
we don't normally see the army
782
3296453
2068
54:59
anywhere in public.
783
3299623
2035
55:01
You might be surprised to find that is a fact.
784
3301658
3570
55:05
But no, you never see the army anywhere.
785
3305228
2302
55:08
Quite often the police, but not the army.
786
3308265
3136
55:11
So we don't normally use the military in this country
787
3311601
3671
55:15
to control the population.
788
3315639
2502
55:18
It is very unusual.
789
3318375
2302
55:20
However, sometimes the military in this country
790
3320977
3771
55:24
will give help in certain situations
791
3324748
3570
55:28
where emergency assistance is required.
792
3328318
3537
55:32
So maybe if there is a flood
793
3332822
1969
55:34
or maybe a natural disaster, then the army will be
794
3334791
4137
55:38
called in to give assistance.
795
3338928
2770
55:42
But normally we don't have we don't use the army
796
3342432
3604
55:46
in any way
797
3346269
2102
55:49
domestically.
798
3349472
1835
55:51
We don't normally do it.
799
3351975
1401
55:53
Hello, Pedro Belmont.
800
3353376
2603
55:55
Oh, or should I say Pedro Belmont?
801
3355979
4938
56:01
We are talking about authority today.
802
3361484
2903
56:05
We're talking about the police.
803
3365288
3103
56:08
I bet you can't wait.
804
3368391
3670
56:12
I bet you can't wait.
805
3372061
1869
56:13
So that's what we're talking about today.
806
3373930
1568
56:15
Authority figures the police have the authority
807
3375498
4772
56:20
or anyone with a position of power.
808
3380470
6306
56:26
And I suppose finally
809
3386776
3971
56:30
the word authority
810
3390914
1768
56:32
derives from the Latin word for originator
811
3392682
3604
56:36
or promoter, a person who promotes or put forward something.
812
3396819
4405
56:41
They put something forward as a suggestion,
813
3401224
3303
56:44
or maybe they write something that they want to put into law.
814
3404961
3537
56:49
Or maybe they are the person that created something,
815
3409065
3203
56:52
and that is where the word authority comes from.
816
3412635
4038
56:57
It is also connected to the word author as well.
817
3417173
4605
57:02
In certain situations
818
3422512
3136
57:05
where a person has decided something or created something,
819
3425648
3704
57:09
something that is genuine or authentic as well.
820
3429686
5672
57:16
So that also has certain connexions
821
3436025
3437
57:20
to that.
822
3440496
1202
57:22
So hello, Pedro, nice to see you here as well today.
823
3442765
3804
57:26
I will be going in a few moments.
824
3446569
3604
57:30
I have to say, I love that illustration.
825
3450173
2802
57:32
I spent a lot of time today working on that.
826
3452975
2870
57:37
I might keep it actually.
827
3457613
1302
57:38
I might have that every week.
828
3458915
3370
57:42
I don't know why.
829
3462285
700
57:42
It always makes me laugh when I see it.
830
3462985
3404
57:46
Authorities So what about you?
831
3466389
2669
57:49
Have you ever been in trouble with any authority?
832
3469058
5039
57:54
Maybe the police I have to say I have never been in trouble with the police.
833
3474664
6640
58:01
However, when I used to ride my motorbike
834
3481304
4037
58:06
I was often stopped on the road by the police.
835
3486776
4438
58:11
They would often drive behind me and then they would start
836
3491414
3336
58:14
flashing their light and they would want me to slow down.
837
3494750
3971
58:18
And then they would get out of the car.
838
3498721
1969
58:20
They would come and they would ask some questions, Is this your bike?
839
3500690
4304
58:26
Is this your motorbike?
840
3506495
2002
58:28
Are you the owner of this motorbike?
841
3508497
4839
58:33
Of course I am.
842
3513336
1735
58:35
I'm riding it.
843
3515071
1568
58:36
It must be mine.
844
3516639
2002
58:39
But of course what they're asking is, have you stolen this bike?
845
3519008
3904
58:43
Have you nicked the bike?
846
3523179
2369
58:47
So I would often be stopped on the road by the police.
847
3527116
3971
58:51
Unfortunately I would often be stopped by the police.
848
3531087
5305
58:56
Unfortunately, but never arrested.
849
3536392
4938
59:01
I've never been arrested another time as well that I'm often stopped
850
3541764
5038
59:07
by someone with authority is at the airport.
851
3547503
3904
59:11
I don't know why.
852
3551540
835
59:12
I know I've told you this story before, but I will tell you it very quickly before I go.
853
3552375
5005
59:18
I don't know why, but whenever I come from
854
3558114
4404
59:24
my holiday, if I've been travelling somewhere
855
3564086
2603
59:27
and I come to the airport and I go through the area
856
3567056
4137
59:31
where you have the customs, so if you buy something and you need to show it
857
3571594
5205
59:37
to one of the officers at the airport, you have to do it.
858
3577533
3704
59:41
But I am always almost always stopped
859
3581670
5072
59:49
by one of the officers at the airport,
860
3589011
2302
59:51
and then they take you into a little room
861
3591680
3704
59:55
and ask you all sorts of questions.
862
3595384
3137
59:58
And I don't know why.
863
3598521
2335
60:00
I don't know why.
864
3600856
901
60:01
Why do they choose me? Me?
865
3601757
2770
60:05
Do I look like someone who might be smuggling something
866
3605561
4871
60:11
in my suitcase
867
3611600
2770
60:15
or somewhere else?
868
3615337
4471
60:19
So they normally ask me some questions and they ask me to empty my bag if I have hand luggage.
869
3619808
5639
60:25
So I will take my my bag and I will empty the contents.
870
3625814
3904
60:30
And if they see anything in there that they want to ask questions about, they will.
871
3630219
4137
60:35
But I don't know why.
872
3635858
834
60:36
It always seems to happen to me why does it happen to me?
873
3636692
3770
60:40
I don't know why.
874
3640930
5872
60:46
Oh, Louis, is it a special occasion tomorrow?
875
3646802
3837
60:50
Louis, is it your wife's birthday or maybe your wedding anniversary?
876
3650639
5272
60:55
I didn't see it on the live chat.
877
3655911
2403
60:58
So is it is it a special day tomorrow?
878
3658614
2335
61:00
Louis, can you please let me know and then I can send a special greeting also.
879
3660949
5740
61:07
So what is it tomorrow, Louis?
880
3667256
1601
61:08
Is it your birthday? Is it your wife's birthday?
881
3668857
2736
61:11
Is it your wedding anniversary tomorrow?
882
3671960
2169
61:14
Please let me know, Louis,
883
3674129
1569
61:17
so I can say a special hello.
884
3677366
1702
61:19
Before I go, Beatrice.
885
3679068
2702
61:21
Mr. Duncan, that was my only problem at Bristol Airport.
886
3681770
3837
61:26
They also ask lots of questions.
887
3686175
2569
61:29
Well, I suppose I would imagine
888
3689645
3203
61:33
I have to be careful what I'm saying here.
889
3693916
3203
61:37
I would imagine if you are coming from another country
890
3697119
2369
61:39
and you don't live in this country, that they might be interested
891
3699488
5238
61:44
in why you are coming here.
892
3704726
4672
61:49
But I am already a resident in this country.
893
3709398
2202
61:51
I am returning to this country.
894
3711600
2169
61:53
I'm coming back to the UK from abroad
895
3713802
3337
61:57
and they always take me into a little room
896
3717940
3036
62:02
and to be honest,
897
3722077
1802
62:04
I normally quite scared and nervous.
898
3724613
2869
62:07
If I was honest with you.
899
3727482
3170
62:10
So what is happening tomorrow, Louis?
900
3730652
1802
62:12
Is it your wife's birthday?
901
3732454
1702
62:14
Is it your wedding anniversary?
902
3734156
1601
62:15
Please let me know so I can send a special
903
3735757
3170
62:18
greeting.
904
3738927
6006
62:24
Mr. Duncan,
905
3744933
734
62:26
the steel glasses frighten me.
906
3746802
3837
62:31
They take me back to the Portuguese dictator.
907
3751039
3404
62:34
Oh, I see.
908
3754810
1601
62:37
The steel glass.
909
3757045
2870
62:39
Maybe you mean the place that you have to look for?
910
3759915
2436
62:43
Maybe the steel wire or maybe the partition.
911
3763118
4104
62:47
Perhaps.
912
3767389
2803
62:50
I still want to know what is happening tomorrow.
913
3770192
2102
62:52
Louis, is it your wife's birthday?
914
3772294
2069
62:54
Please let me know.
915
3774863
2569
62:59
Talking of Portugal,
916
3779868
2569
63:02
they're having a very interesting situation
917
3782437
3337
63:05
at the moment in Brazil, where
918
3785774
2936
63:10
the heart
919
3790245
1802
63:12
of their former emperor is actually
920
3792180
2469
63:14
going on display.
921
3794649
4839
63:19
Did you hear about that?
922
3799488
1334
63:20
200 years, the 200th anniversary?
923
3800822
3904
63:25
I believe it's the independence of Brazil
924
3805060
3870
63:29
or the formation of the modern Brazil,
925
3809331
3403
63:33
but apparently the heart of the original emperor.
926
3813235
5672
63:38
What's his name is?
927
3818907
1235
63:40
It's Dom Pedro, I think his name was.
928
3820142
4537
63:45
But apparently they decided to keep his heart in a large container.
929
3825080
3970
63:49
And then it was.
930
3829417
701
63:50
It was brought all the way from Portugal back to
931
3830118
4872
63:57
Brazil for the special occasion.
932
3837826
2602
64:01
And that's happening at the moment in Brazil.
933
3841363
4137
64:05
Oh, it is.
934
3845500
1135
64:06
It's your wife's birthday.
935
3846635
1735
64:08
Oh, thank you, Pedro.
936
3848370
2235
64:10
Can I say a big happy birthday
937
3850605
3504
64:14
to Pedro is why not Pedro?
938
3854109
2569
64:18
Pedro.
939
3858313
701
64:19
Pedro isn't married, by the way, Louis,
940
3859014
2702
64:22
thank you very much to Luis for letting me know.
941
3862150
3270
64:26
Happy birthday to Luis, his
942
3866254
2636
64:30
lovely wife,
943
3870158
2102
64:32
and I hope that I have the chance one day to sample
944
3872260
4471
64:36
some of your lovely cooking, because I believe it is very nice.
945
3876865
3503
64:41
Thank you, Louis.
946
3881803
767
64:42
And I hope you have a super time tomorrow with your wife on her birthday.
947
3882570
6140
64:48
I hope you do something nice and special.
948
3888710
2903
64:52
It is almost time for me to go in fact, I've gone slightly over today.
949
3892514
5539
64:58
Oh, fancy pants.
950
3898086
2302
65:00
So I will be back with you on Sunday.
951
3900955
2670
65:04
Don't forget Sunday 2 p.m.
952
3904192
2569
65:06
uk time is when I'm back with you.
953
3906761
6106
65:12
Thank you Palmira.
954
3912867
1302
65:14
Thank you also Beatriz.
955
3914169
2535
65:16
Thank you also to gamble.
956
3916871
2803
65:20
Nice to see you all here today.
957
3920275
2769
65:23
It's not lovely.
958
3923044
868
65:23
So have a super time tomorrow.
959
3923912
1501
65:25
Lewis and your wife as well.
960
3925413
2469
65:28
I don't actually know what your wife's name is.
961
3928683
4037
65:32
Maybe you can share that with us one day.
962
3932720
2570
65:36
Maybe on Sunday.
963
3936257
1702
65:37
We'll be back on Sunday. Mr.
964
3937959
1468
65:39
Steve will be with us as well.
965
3939427
2102
65:41
He will be back, yes.
966
3941529
2403
65:44
And maybe if Mr.
967
3944866
2235
65:47
Steve feels like it, he might tell us what his big news is.
968
3947101
4739
65:51
He has some big news to share.
969
3951840
2769
65:56
Thanks for your company.
970
3956244
1134
65:57
I will see you later.
971
3957378
1669
65:59
Don't forget to look out for my new English lessons.
972
3959047
3870
66:02
Some very short English videos
973
3962917
3871
66:07
that I will be posting over the next couple of weeks.
974
3967155
3970
66:11
See you on Sunday 2 p.m. UK time.
975
3971125
3103
66:14
Take care of yourself, have a good Wednesday
976
3974228
3270
66:17
and enjoy the rest of your week until we meet again on Sunday.
977
3977799
4638
66:22
This is Mr.
978
3982570
634
66:23
Duncan in the birthplace of English, saying
979
3983204
3203
66:27
Stay well, stay good, please behave yourself
980
3987608
3637
66:33
and I will see you very soon.
981
3993214
1869
66:35
And of course, until the next time we meet here, you know what's coming next?
982
3995083
3837
66:38
Yes, you
983
3998920
500
66:45
it's great to be back.
984
4005526
3270
66:48
Ta ta for now.
985
4008796
1210
About this website

This site will introduce you to YouTube videos that are useful for learning English. You will see English lessons taught by top-notch teachers from around the world. Double-click on the English subtitles displayed on each video page to play the video from there. The subtitles scroll in sync with the video playback. If you have any comments or requests, please contact us using this contact form.

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