Learn English Grammar: Modals - "could" or "should"?

509,160 views ใƒป 2014-10-01

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:03
What's up, Mr. E? We could be finished in 20 minutes, is that right? Oh, hi. James,
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎEใ•ใ‚“๏ผŸ 20ๅˆ†ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:10
from EngVid. Mr. E and I were talking about something. We're having a little disagreement.
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EngVid ใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใ€‚ Eใ•ใ‚“ใจ็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ็›ธ้•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:15
Well, not a disagreement, but a conversation. I think this lesson could be about five, ten
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๆ„่ฆ‹ใฎ็›ธ้•ใงใฏใชใใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ 10 ๅˆ†็จ‹ๅบฆใงใ‚ˆใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
00:21
minutes. He said it should be 15. That's a standard lesson length. What's the difference?
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ 15 ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆจ™ๆบ–็š„ใชใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ้•ทใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:27
I don't know. Why don't we go to the board and find out?
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็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ็†ไบ‹ไผšใซ่กŒใฃใฆ่ชฟในใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:32
If this looks familiar, it should be. This is the -- "it should be". See? This is the
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใŠใชใ˜ใฟใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
00:38
second lesson of modals that we're doing. The first one we did was excuses. Yeah? You
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็งใŸใกใŒ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซใ—ใŸใฎใฏ่จ€ใ„่จณใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“๏ผŸ
00:44
could've taken that lesson. If you haven't, close this one down; watch that; and come
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใ ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้–‰ใ˜ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
00:47
back to this one. This one is actually on expectation. You know? Sometimes, people make
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰๏ผŸ ไบบ
00:52
excuses for not doing stuff. And other times, our expectations are what we think should
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ใฏใ€ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎ่จ€ใ„่จณใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎๆœŸๅพ…ใฏใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็งใŸใกใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ
00:56
happen in the future or could happen. This lesson will help you find out how native speakers
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง ใฏใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ
01:02
use modals in a little different way than you're used to or in the usual grammar setting.
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ…ฃใ‚Œ่ฆชใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚„้€šๅธธใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•่จญๅฎšใจใฏๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:07
Okay? So let's go to the board.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:09
Once again, quickly we'll go over it. What do modals do? Well, modals talk about obligations
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ใ™ใใซ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใฏ็พฉๅ‹™
01:14
or possibilities, right? Possibility indicates future. Future. When we talk about what's
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ใ‚„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏ ๆœชๆฅใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœชๆฅใ€‚ ไฝ•ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
01:20
possible. An obligation is what you should do. So if you mix those together, that's what
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ใ€‚ ็พฉๅ‹™ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ™ในใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
01:24
an expectation is -- is what is possible and what we think people or things should do or
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ๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™-ไฝ•ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ไบบใ€…ใพใŸใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ่กŒใ†ในใใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ในใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็งใŸใกใฏ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:30
happen. Right? Your obligation or the obligation. But let's take a look at this here. Let's
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. ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็พฉๅ‹™ใพใŸใฏ็พฉๅ‹™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:35
go to the board, okay?
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ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:37
First of all, when we talk about modals, which I've just done -- you know, they express future
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ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€ ็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใฐใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฐ†ๆฅใฎๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚„็พฉๅ‹™ใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:44
possibility or obligations. Let's look at the verb "to be" or the Be verb. The Be verb
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œto beใ€ใพใŸใฏ Be ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ Beๅ‹•่ฉž
01:52
is about relative truth. And you're probably going to say to me, "What the hell is relative
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ใฏ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ็งใซใ€ใ€Œ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใจใฏไธ€ไฝ“ไฝ•ใ ?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:56
truth?" Well, relative truth is somebody believes it's true, and it depends where you sit. Right
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ใ€‚ ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใจใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใใ‚Œใ‚’็œŸๅฎŸใ ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ“ใซๅบงใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:03
now, you're looking at me, and I'm a tall guy. I'm skyscraper tall. I'm a giant. But
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ่ƒŒใฎ้ซ˜ใ„ ็”ทใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆ‘ฉๅคฉๆฅผใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅทจไบบใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
02:11
only if you're this tall. If you can't see me, it's because I'm a very tiny little man
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซ้™ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใƒปใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚นใ‚’่ฆ‹ไธŠใ’ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้žๅธธใซๅฐใ•ใช็”ทใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
02:16
looking up at Big James. Understand? So relatively speaking, if you're this big, anything this
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. ็†่งฃ๏ผŸ ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใซ ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅคงใใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
02:23
big is big. But anything this big, big, big, big, big, big is bigger than this. Understand?
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ใปใฉๅคงใใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆๅคงใใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉๅคงใใชใ€ๅคงใใชใ€ๅคงใใชใ€ ๅคงใใชใ€ๅคงใใชใ€ๅคงใใชใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅคงใใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็†่งฃ๏ผŸ
02:31
"Relative" means it depends on who is looking at it, right? If you're 60, 40 is young. If
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ใ€Œ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ไบบๆฌก็ฌฌใจใ„ใ† ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ 60ๆญณใชใ‚‰40ๆญณใฏ่‹ฅใ„ใ€‚
02:39
you're 40 years old, 20 is young. And if you're 10, they're all old, okay? Relative truth.
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40ๆญณใชใ‚‰20ๆญณใฏ่‹ฅใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ 10ๆญณใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฟใ‚“ใชๅนดใ‚’ใจใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ็›ธๅฏพ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใ€‚
02:46
Where do you sit?
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ใฉใ“ใซๅบงใ‚‹๏ผŸ
02:47
So that's what the Be verb means. So once we put a modal, okay, with the Be verb, it
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ Be ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ ใ€ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใ‚’ Be ๅ‹•่ฉžใง้…็ฝฎใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž
02:54
changes it. It gives it a different meaning. And what we want to look at now is what does
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ใŒๅค‰ๆ›ดใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒไปŠๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏ
02:59
that mean, this change, or how does it change it? And the video before, I mentioned, we
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ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใ“ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ๅŒ– ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใซใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€็ง
03:04
noticed how we use it for excuses. In this one, we're going to see how we think the future
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ใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ„่จณใซไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ไปŠๅ›ž ใฏใ€ๆœชๆฅใŒ
03:10
should be or could be, all right? Let's go.
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ใฉใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
03:14
So what is -- the modal should mean? Well, "should" is what we usually think -- "should"
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใจใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ้€šๅธธ่€ƒใˆใฆ
03:19
is what is right, okay? We think it is right or probable, most likely to happen, or the
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ ใ‹ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ‹ใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚้ซ˜ใ„ใ‹ใ€
03:25
correct or right thing to do. That's why we use it as an advice modal. "You should go
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ ใ€ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
03:30
to school. You should eat your dinner. You should shut up." Okay? We use it as advice.
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ๅญฆๆ กใซ่กŒใในใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅค•้ฃŸใ‚’้ฃŸในใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ้ป™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:35
The last one is strong advice. Okay? And "could" is possible. What's possible? You could be
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฏๅผทใ„ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œcouldใ€ ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:41
talking to me live if you come to Canada. Or you could be dreaming this whole thing.
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใซๆฅใŸใ‚‰็”Ÿใง่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ™ในใฆใ‚’ๅคข่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:46
Press reset and see if that's the case. But no. "Could" is what's possible -- possible
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ใƒชใ‚ปใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆใ€ใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ "Could" ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ“ใจใงใ™ --
03:50
to happen, okay?
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใญใ€‚
03:51
Now, if you add this Be verb to "should", we get this particular thing. See, here's
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ใ“ใฎ Be ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ใ€Œshouldใ€ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ“ใจใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“
03:56
the Be verb because Be is believe, remember? Your perspective; what you believe. "I should
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ใซ Be ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€Be ใฏไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ฆ–็‚น; ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹
04:03
+ be -- I believe this is right or probable." "You should be a better student. I believe
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ในใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ๅญฆ็”Ÿใซใชใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟกใ˜
04:10
this. And I think it's possible -- probable or right. If you studied harder" -- by saying
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ - ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€ ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใชใ‚‰ใ€ - ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฃใจๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใง
04:15
"studied harder", I think this is what is probable or the correct thing. Right?
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™. ๅณ๏ผŸ
04:20
But "possible", which is similar, but not the same -- let's not forget -- it's what's
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ€ใฏไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“ - ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† - ใใ‚Œใฏ
04:23
possible. "I believe this is possible." "I believe we could be the greatest nation on
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ๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ“ใจใงใ™. ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ็ง ใŸใกใฏๅœฐ็ƒไธŠใงๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅ‰ๅคงใชๅ›ฝใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:29
Earth", says Obama. He should've said something else. Notice I didn't say "should be"; I said
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ใ€ใจใ‚ชใƒใƒžใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ในใใ ใฃใŸ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
04:34
"shoulda". Different. Anyway.
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ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ้•ใ†ใ€‚ ใจใ‚‚ใ‹ใใ€‚
04:37
So here, we've got what is possible versus what is probable. It seems simple and easy,
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ใ“ใ“ใง ใฏใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใจๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใง็ฐกๅ˜ใซๆ€ใˆ
04:42
and it is. So why don't we just use one? And there's a reason for it. Remember, I said
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€1 ใคใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹? ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใใ‚Œใซใฏ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:47
this one has "probable" and "right"? And that's with "should"? Well, when people say "should"
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ€Œๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ€ใจใ€Œๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใˆใˆใจใ€ไบบใ€…
04:52
in English -- like, "you should be" versus "could be" -- what is actually we think is
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ใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจ ใ€Œใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏไฝ•ใŒ
04:56
more accurate or more likely to happen. I'll give you an example. You're waiting for the
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ็งใŸใกใฏ่€ƒใˆใพใ™. ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŒป่€…ใ‚’ๅพ…ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:01
doctor. If the nurse comes out and says, "The doctor should be with you in five minutes."
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ใ€‚ ็œ‹่ญทๅธซใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ€ใ€Œ ๅŒปๅธซใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ไปฅๅ†…ใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€‚
05:07
Or the nurse comes out and says, "The doctor could be with you in five minutes." If you're
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ใพใŸใฏใ€็œ‹่ญทๅธซใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ€ใ€ŒๅŒปๅธซ ใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ใงใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
05:13
a native speaker, when she said, "The doctor should be with you in five minutes", you'll
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ€ŒๅŒป่€… ใฏ5ๅˆ†ใงใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
05:17
go, "Okay. No problem." And you'll relax. If she comes out and says, "The doctor could
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒๅ‡บใฆใใฆใ€ใ€ŒๅŒป่€…ใฏ
05:23
be with you in five minutes", you'll go, "Oh, damn. I'm here for another hour." Because
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5ๅˆ†ใงใ‚ใชใŸใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™.
05:28
"could" means just possible. Maybe five; maybe ten. We don't know. When she said "should",
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ใ€Œcouldใ€ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“5ใคใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ 10ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ†ใชใ‚‹
05:35
she's saying it's probable, and I believe this information is correct. Told you. Native
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใฏใ“ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–
05:39
speaker time. Okay? You wouldn't know that difference. In the grammar books, they don't
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆœฌใงใฏใ‚ใพใ‚ŠๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:43
point out it out that much because it's something we do when we interchange with each other
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ใŠไบ’ใ„ใซไบคๆตใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไบคๆ›ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
05:47
or exchange information. Right? We know "should" is much more accurate. Even though it's still
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ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฎๆ–น ใŒใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆญฃ็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใ 
05:53
probable, it's not for sure. It's more accurate. While "could" is up there. Easy way to remember:
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏ้ซ˜ใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€็ขบๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒใงใใŸใ€ใŒใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ฆšใˆๆ–น:
05:59
"should" has two. Two is more sure than one. And possible -- well, it's possible. It could
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ใ€Œshouldใ€ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ 1ใคใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚2ใคใฎๆ–นใŒ็ขบๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ -- ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ 1ๆ™‚้–“ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›
06:04
be an hour. Okay?
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ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:06
So why don't we do some examples? Just some quick ones. Are you ready?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
06:11
Could be; should be. As I said, one has two things -- "should be" is more sure. "Could"
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ใซใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹; ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ไบบใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ€ใฎๆ–นใŒ็ขบๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒใงใใŸใ€
06:17
is possible. So let's go to a couple examples on the board and see how good you are since
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ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ไธŠใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
06:22
you studied this lesson.
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ใ€‚
06:23
Okay. "The game just went into overtime. It -- over at any moment." Well -- "overtime".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฉฆๅˆใฏๅปถ้•ทๆˆฆใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ โ€•โ€•ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ€ใ€‚
06:30
Let's just understand what "overtime" is. A game has 90 minutes. If the game goes to
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ใ€Œๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใฏ 90 ๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฉฆๅˆใŒ
06:36
91 or 92 minutes, it's overtime -- over the time we were told, okay? If you work overtime,
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91 ๅˆ†ใพใŸใฏ 92 ๅˆ†ใซใชใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅปถ้•ทๆˆฆ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆฎ‹ๆฅญใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
06:42
for instance -- you work eight hours. If you work 30 minutes or an hour, that's over your
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8 ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใใพใ™ใ€‚ 30ๅˆ†ใ‚„1ๆ™‚้–“ๅƒใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ
06:47
work time. So now, the game is in overtime. Maybe the score is 0-0. No one has scored.
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ๅ‹คๅ‹™ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚ชใƒผใƒใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€่ฉฆๅˆใฏๅปถ้•ทๆˆฆใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“ใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใฏ0-0ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‚‚ๅพ—็‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:54
And it's overtime because you must have a score. Someone must win. So, "The game just
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚นใ‚ณใ‚ขใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใงๆฎ‹ๆฅญใงใ™ ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅ‹ใŸใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œ่ฉฆๅˆ
06:59
went into overtime. It -- something -- over at any moment." That's interesting.
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ใฏๅปถ้•ทๆˆฆใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏโ€ฆโ€ฆไฝ•ใ‹โ€ฆโ€ฆใ„ใคใฎ้–“ใซใ‹ ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ€‚
07:05
And the second one is -- your mom. "Mr. E! Mr. E! Dinner -- something, something -- ready
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ไบŒใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒEใ•ใ‚“! Eใ•ใ‚“! ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒผ -- ไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ --
07:12
in five minutes."
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5 ๅˆ†ใงๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒๆ•ดใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
07:14
So the first one is, "The game is in overtime." And the second one is, "Dinner -- ready in
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1 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€Œ่ฉฆๅˆใฏๅปถ้•ทๆˆฆใงใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ 2 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒŠใƒผ --
07:20
five minutes." What do we do? Well, let's just imagine a game. Crowd's roaring. Everybody's
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5 ๅˆ†ใงๆบ–ๅ‚™ๅฎŒไบ†ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆ ใ€ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็พค่ก†ใฎ่ฝŸ้Ÿณใ€‚ ใฟใ‚“ใช
07:29
standing there, waiting. There's silence on the field. Now, it's possible that one goal
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็ซ‹ใฃใฆๅพ…ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅ ดๅ†…ใฏ้™ๅฏ‚ใซๅŒ…ใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€1 ใคใฎ็›ฎๆจ™
07:34
could end everything, but we know when that goal is going to happen. So it's not a sure
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ใŒใ™ในใฆใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎ ็›ฎๆจ™ใŒใ„ใคๅฎŸ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ขบใ‹ใชใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
07:40
thing, right? Can you do that? Can you tell me how the game will end? If so, call me at
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
07:45
-- no. Don't call me. But what I'm saying is it's only possible. And when we talk about
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-- ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ ็งใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŒ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใชใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใ
07:50
possible, there are many things that could happen, and we think this one will happen.
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ใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใ†ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:56
So I'm going to go that "the game could be over at any moment." And that's true. It's
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ
08:03
possible. It could be one minute or ten minutes or an hour.
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ๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใ€‚ 1 ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€10 ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ—ใ€1 ๆ™‚้–“ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใ€‚
08:07
Now, what about the second one? "Dinner -- ready in five minutes." Well, remember what we talked
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ใงใฏใ€2ใค็›ฎใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅค•้ฃŸ -- 5 ๅˆ†ใงๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒๆ•ดใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใใซ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹
08:13
about when we said "should"? "Should" is probable and right. It's more concrete, or we say much
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? ใ€Œใ™ในใใ€ใฏๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ ใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใงใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„
08:20
more -- we can believe it more because "concrete" is solid. Because five minutes is a specific
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ใพใ™ - ใ€Œๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใ€ใฏๅ›บไฝ“ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไฟกใ˜ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ . 5ๅˆ†ใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ
08:26
time. It's not a guessing time. Right? And we believe this is true or right. So this
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽจๆธฌใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใพใŸใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:31
one would be "should be ready" because your mom actually thinks it might be four minutes,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ4ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใ€ใงใ™
08:36
but for sure, five minutes. So these are the answers here. "Could be" or "should be". And
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ใŒใ€็ขบใ‹ใซ5ๅˆ†ใงใ™. ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใใ†ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใ ใ€ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
08:43
to understand the thought I explained, remember, "could be" is possible. So when there are
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ใ€็งใŒ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใŸ่€ƒใˆใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใ€ ใ€Œๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
08:47
more than one and you're not too sure which one was going to happen, you should use "could".
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่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ‚คใƒ™ใƒณใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใฉใ‚Œ ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œcouldใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:53
But if you think -- you're pretty sure that this is the right one, say "should", okay?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ™ในใใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:59
Cool? All right.
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ๆถผใ—ใ„๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:00
Well, I should be going, now. Right? It's the right thing to do -- most probable -- because
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏไปŠ่กŒใในใใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
09:05
the video can't be too long. Mr. E and I are going to be gone. This is the second part
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒ้•ทใ™ใŽใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ Eใ•ใ‚“ใจ็ง ใฏใ„ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
09:09
of the modals in native speaker use, right? You've got your excuses now, so you can get
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ่จ€ใ„่จณใŒใงใใŸใฎใง
09:14
yourself out of trouble. See? I help you. And now, your expectations. "What have you
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ใ€ใƒˆใƒฉใƒ–ใƒซใ‹ใ‚‰ๆŠœใ‘ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆœŸๅพ…ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
09:18
done for me lately? I expect." Okay.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹? ็งใฏๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:21
But I expect you or you should be going to www.engvid.com. There you go. "Eng" as in
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒwww.engvid.comใซ่กŒใในใใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใญใ€‚ ใ€Œ่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ŒEngใ€
09:30
"English"; "vid" as in "video". Right? We'll teach you should, could, would've, could've,
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ€ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ shouldใ€couldใ€wuld'veใ€could'veใ€
09:36
and all sorts of modals and prepositions and phrases. Okay? Anyways, it's been fun. I'll
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎใƒขใƒผใƒ€ใƒซใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ€ ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใŠๆ•™ใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใใซใŠ
09:42
see you shortly.
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ไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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