Learn 10 times more vocabulary by using Word Webs!

1,022,124 views ใƒป 2016-11-03

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. James from engVid.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ engVid ใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใ€‚
00:03
I would like to help you with your vocabulary.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:05
I'm sure that you've looked at engVid and seen many lessons on vocabulary, from drinking,
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engVid ใ‚’่ฆ‹ ใฆใ€้ฃฒ้…’ใ€
00:13
vacationing, weddings, all sorts of things.
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ไผ‘ๆš‡ใ€็ตๅฉšๅผใชใฉใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:17
But when you finish the video, how much do you remember?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’็ต‚ใˆใŸใจใใ€ ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
00:20
And how much do you really understand?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ๆญฃใ—ใ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:21
I'm going to teach you today something I call the...
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใพใ™
00:24
A word web to help you not just remember the words, but truly understand them, and expand
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...ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็œŸใซ็†่งฃใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‹กๅผต
00:30
or go bigger than that.
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ใพใŸใฏๆ‹กๅคงใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๅ˜่ชžใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–.
00:32
I did a lesson earlier on, on mind maps where I kind of introduced the idea of mind map,
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ไปฅๅ‰ใ€ใƒžใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒžใƒƒใƒ—ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใƒžใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒžใƒƒใƒ—ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
00:36
but I didn't really...
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:37
I don't think I got into it as much that would actually show you how to use it so that you
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ใ‚ใชใŸ
00:41
can get better with it.
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ใŒใใ‚Œใง่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
00:42
So, I'm going to fix that today.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟฎๆญฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:44
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:45
So what we're looking at is called a word web.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ ใฏใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:47
And if you notice, poor Mr. E is caught up in the web.
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ใใ—ใฆๆฐ—ใฅใ‘ใฐๅฏๅ“€ๆƒณใช Eใ•ใ‚“ใŒ็ถฒใซๅผ•ใฃใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:50
Nooooo!
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ใ„ใ‚„ใƒผ๏ผ
00:52
And I'm going to do the same with you.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใจๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
00:53
I'm going to get you...
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™
00:54
Because this is a spider, and the spider lives in a web, it catches things
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... ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ฏใƒขใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฏใƒขใฏ ใ‚ฏใƒขใฎๅทฃใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็‰ฉ
00:58
and those things can never escape.
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ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎ ใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆ้€ƒใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“.
01:00
I want to do that with your memory and your vocabulary, teach you in a way that you're
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใจ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ
01:04
going to catch the words and you won't forget.
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ใŒๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ—ใฆ ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
01:07
Okay?
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01:07
So I'm going to explain the method here.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใง ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:09
So we're going to be clear on the method, then we're going to take a word and use it,
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒกใ‚ฝใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใ— ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€
01:12
and show you how it works.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™.
01:14
Ready? Let's go to the board.
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:16
All right, so, word web.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ€‚
01:18
This is a specific form of mind map which means it's one type.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅฝขๅผใฎใƒžใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ ใƒžใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€1 ใคใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
There are many types.
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ๅคšใใฎ็จฎ้กžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:22
Okay?
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01:22
And what they... What they do is they're based on the idea that your brain works a certain way with pictures
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ...ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่„ณใŒ็ตตใ‚„่‰ฒใง็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
01:28
and colours.
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ใงใ™.
01:29
So, why don't we use these to help you?
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ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:31
And I'm going to do that now.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
01:33
What you will need, you will need a ax...
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ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ€ๆ–งใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™...
01:34
You will need an English to English dictionary.
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่‹ฑ่‹ฑ่พžๆ›ธใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:38
If you really need to get, you know, your language to English, that's fine if you really
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ่จ€่ชžใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅค‰ๆ›
01:42
need it, but English to English dictionary will be preferable because we want to get
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ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใงๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:46
the definition of the word from an English source, not a translated source.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใชใใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่พžๆ›ธใŒๆœ›ใพใ—ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ .
01:50
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:51
So maybe we should start with your translating dictionary, and then after take the English
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็ฟป่จณ็”จ่พžๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€่‹ฑๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅค‰ๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
01:57
word and get an English to English.
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ใ€‚
01:59
The translating dictionary will help you understand the ideas, and then the English to English.
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็ฟป่จณ่พžๆ›ธใฏ ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใ€ๆฌกใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใธใฎ็†่งฃใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
And sometimes you might notice they don't exactly say the same thing.
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ใพใŸ ใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
That'll be interesting for you.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:09
Next, you're going to need access to the internet or an idioms dictionary.
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใพใŸใฏใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ่พžๆ›ธใธใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใŒๅฟ…่ฆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:12
The idioms dictionary will be for later on, and they have them and you can even go online
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ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใฎ่พžๆ›ธใฏๅพŒใง ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ
02:17
and look for idioms.
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ใงใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:18
But the joke of it is I said access to the internet.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฎๅ†—่ซ‡ใฏใ€็ง ใŒใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใธใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใงใ™.
02:21
Well, my friend, if you're not on the internet, you're not watching this video, so I'm assuming
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใซๆŽฅ็ถšใ— ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใง
02:26
you've got access to the internet.
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ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:28
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:29
The next four steps will be this: We're going to take a word...
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ๆฌกใฎ 4 ใคใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Š ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ˜่ชž
02:32
So, we're going to take one word, whatever the word is, we're going to write out the
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ใ‚’ 1 ใคๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™...ๅ˜่ชžใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œใ€1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š
02:35
definition from the dictionary.
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ใ€่พžๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:36
What the dictionary says, not what you think, not an interpretation or somebody giving you
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่พžๆ›ธใซๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง ใฏใชใใ€่งฃ้‡ˆใงใ‚‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸ
02:41
sort of their idea of it.
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ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:44
From that, we're going to follow... Okay?
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅพ“ใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™... ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:46
We're going to write out the words you think of when you see this word.
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ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใจใใซๆ€ใ„ใคใ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:49
This is called association.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ขใ‚ฝใ‚ทใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚
02:51
I think: "Cat", I say: "Dog".
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็งใฏใ€Œ็Œซใ€ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€็งใฏใ€Œ็Šฌใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:52
You say: "Milk", I say: "Cow".
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็‰›ไนณใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใ€Œ็‰›ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:54
I associate.
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้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:55
This is the words that come to me.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใซๆฅใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:57
I want you to do that because that is part of a natural human process.
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ใใ‚Œ ใฏไบบ้–“ใฎ่‡ช็„ถใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใฎไธ€้ƒจใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:01
You think of something, you think of something else.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ ่€ƒใˆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:04
You think of: "Mother", you think: "Love".
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€Œๆฏใ€ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€Œๆ„›ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:05
You think: "Money", "McDonald's"?
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ใ€ŒใŠ้‡‘ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใƒžใ‚ฏใƒ‰ใƒŠใƒซใƒ‰ใ€๏ผŸ
03:08
Probably not.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:09
But you get the idea. Okay?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:11
So we're going to start with the dictionary definition, then we're going to work with
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ใงใฏใ€่พžๆ›ธใฎๅฎš็พฉใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆ ใ€ๆฌกใซ
03:14
how your brain works.
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่„ณใฎไป•็ต„ใฟใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:16
I want to have your mind incorporated or use your way of thinking in this.
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ใใ“ใซใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฟƒใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œ ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:20
So you're going to put down your words.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไธ‹ใซ็ฝฎใใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
So if it was: "Cow", you might put: "Milk, cheese, and steak".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็‰›ใ€ใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็‰›ไนณใ€ใƒใƒผใ‚บใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ญใ€ใจๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:26
Mmm, steak.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ญใ€‚
03:28
Then we're going to go out...
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘
03:29
Back to our dictionary, we're going to look for synonyms.
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†... ่พžๆ›ธใซๆˆปใ‚Š ใ€ๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:32
If you open any dictionary usually it will say: "This is the word", and then it will
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่พžๆ›ธใ‚’้–‹ใใจใ€้€šๅธธใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ€
03:35
have after it: "Here's a synonym for this word.
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ใใฎๅพŒใซใ€Œ ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
03:37
Here's another one."
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ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
Synonyms, you know, words that are similar.
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ใ‚ทใƒŽใƒ‹ใƒ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
03:40
For instance, height and tall.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่บซ้•ทใจ่ƒŒใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใ€‚
03:44
How tall is the building?
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ๅปบ็‰ฉใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใฏใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹?
03:45
What is the building's height?
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ๅปบ็‰ฉใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใฏ๏ผŸ
03:47
They're not exactly the same, but they can be used in a similar or same fashion sometimes.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ไผผใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใพใŸใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:52
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
03:53
We also look for antonyms.
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ๅๆ„่ชžใ‚‚ๆŽขใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
Antonyms are the opposite of the word.
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ๅๆ„่ชž ใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎๅๅฏพใงใ™ใ€‚
03:57
If I say: "Black", you say: "White".
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็งใŒใ€Œ้ป’ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็™ฝใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:00
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
04:01
If you say: "Hot", you say: "Cold".
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ใ€Œๆš‘ใ„ใ€ใจ ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œๅฏ’ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
04:02
Those are antonyms.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅๆ„่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
04:04
So we're going to go to that dictionary, we're going to have the word, we're going to have
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ใใฎ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’่ชฟใน ใฆใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ชฟใน
04:07
your ideas about the word, and then we're going to add in the synonyms and antonyms.
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ใ€ใใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่€ƒใˆ ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ€ๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใจๅๆ„่ชžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:13
So if you're looking here, we started off with one word and we're probably up to like 10 or 15.
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ใ“ใ“ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 10 ใ‹ 15
04:19
Finally, we're going to go to our idioms dictionary, or we're going to go on the net and you're
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ใใ‚‰ใ„ใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:24
going to put in: "Idioms for, you know, 'Cow' or 'animal'", and it'll put those things up
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ใ€Œ็‰›ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ใฎๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
04:32
there for you and you just write them out.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ™ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:34
How does this go together?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€ฃๆบใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:35
We look at a lot of words, we put a lot of stuff down, but you don't see the full picture.
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็งใŸใกใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ€ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ…จไฝ“ๅƒใฏ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:39
We're going to get to why in just a second when we look at why.
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็†็”ฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ™ใใซใใฎ็†็”ฑใซใŸใฉใ‚Š็€ใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:42
So if you're ready, we're going to right now take one word and we're going to make our
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใŒใงใใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠใ™ใ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€
04:45
first word web, and I'll show you how it all works together.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ˜่ชž Web ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ™ในใฆใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้€ฃๆบใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
Ready?
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ
04:50
Let's go.
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ใ•ใ‚่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚
04:51
[Snaps]
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04:51
So, let's do a word web.
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[ใ‚นใƒŠใƒƒใƒ—]
ใงใฏใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:54
We've talked about it, I gave you the steps.
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚นใƒ†ใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸ.
04:56
So, we're going to do this together.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ไธ€็ท’ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
04:58
You notice here I have the steps, so as I go through each step, I'll show you how we
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ใ“ใ“ใซๆ‰‹้ †ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใŠๆฐ—ไป˜ใ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๅ„ๆ‰‹้ †ใ‚’้€ฒใ‚
05:03
do it and how we come up to this.
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ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ‹ใ€ใฉใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใซๅˆฐ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
And I'll explain to you how this thing here, which seems crazy, will actually help you
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ ใŠใ‹ใ—ใชใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆ
05:09
not only remember the words but understand the list, because I will give you a list of
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ ใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ‚„ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
idioms or phrases, and you'll understand some of them almost immediately.
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ใปใผใ™ใใซใ€‚
05:19
Okay?
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05:19
So, let's go to the board.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:21
First thing we have to do, as I said, is write out the dictionary definition.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏ ใ€่พžๆ›ธใฎๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ่จ€่‘‰ใซ
05:25
If you have a problem with the word...
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ๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
05:27
The word we're going to use is "shoot".
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... ็งใŸใก ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
I'm going to suggest this, although I don't like suggesting it: Go to your whatever language
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆๆกˆใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆๆกˆใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“: ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:35
to English, so if it's Spanish to English, Russian to English, Japanese to English dictionary,
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ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใƒญใ‚ทใ‚ข่ชž ใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่พžๆ›ธใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
05:40
check out what the word means, make sure you understand it, because this is something we
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใชใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œ
05:44
do need to understand.
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ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:46
We're not just guess at it. Okay?
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:48
Make sure you understand it, but then take out your English to English dictionary, and
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็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่‹ฑ่พžๅ…ธใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ€ๅฎš็พฉ
05:53
you need to write out the definition.
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ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:55
What does that dictionary say this word is?
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ใใฎ่พžๆ›ธ ใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝ•ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:57
In this case, the word is a verb: "to shoot".
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅ˜่ชž ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™๏ผšใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใ€‚
06:00
And you might say: "What does 'shoot' mean?"
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ€Žๆ’ƒใคใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:02
Okay, well, according to the dictionary, it means "to kill", which means end the life
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€่พžๆ›ธใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ ใจใ€Œๆฎบใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ
06:06
of something, or to hurt, cause pain.
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ใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅ‘ฝใ‚’็ตถใคใ€ ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€่‹ฆ็—›ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
06:09
When I do this, ow. Painful.
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ใ“ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ†ใ‚ใใ€‚ ็—›ใ„ใ€‚
06:11
It hurts me.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:12
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
06:13
Move suddenly in a direction.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๅ‘ใซๆ€ฅใซๅ‹•ใใ€‚
06:15
So if I'm walking like this and then I change quickly and run, you say:
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใฆ ใ€ใ™ใใซ็€ๆ›ฟใˆใฆ่ตฐใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™:
06:18
"James is shooting out. He's shooting."
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06:21
When you watch the Olympics, the guys are like this, they run,
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ใ‚ชใƒชใƒณใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€้ธๆ‰‹ ใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ตฐใ‚Šใ€
06:23
and then they start running very quickly. They shoot.
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ใใ—ใฆ้žๅธธใซ้€Ÿใ่ตฐใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
06:26
If they walk, you're not shooting.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆญฉใใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ’ƒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไธ€ๆ–นๅ‘ใซ
06:28
You have to move quickly in one direction.
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ใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ็งปๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
And third, here's a flower, but before the flower comes out of the ground, the flower
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3 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ่ŠฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ ่ŠฑใŒๅœฐ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€่Šฑ
06:37
is down here.
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ใฏใ“ใ“ใซ่ฝใกใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:38
Next what happens is the flower comes out like this.
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ๆฌกใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ŠฑใŒๅ’ฒใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:42
There's no flower yet.
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่Šฑใฏใพใ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:43
We call that "a shoot".
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็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:45
Once again, it's coming up in a direction, a specific direction.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ ๆ–นๅ‘ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๅ‘ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:49
Later on you'll get a flower.
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ๅพŒใง่Šฑใ‚’ใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:51
All right?
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06:51
But that's called "a shoot". And you say: "What is that?"
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผšใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
06:53
That's a shoot for a rose.
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ใƒใƒฉใฎๆ’ฎๅฝฑใงใ™ใ€‚
06:55
Okay?
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06:55
Then you get your rose.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใƒใƒฉใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
06:57
So, it says: "Young branch of a plant".
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๆค็‰ฉใฎ่‹ฅใ„ๆžใ€ใจๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:59
Will you need all of these definitions all of the time?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใ™ในใฆใฎๅฎš็พฉใŒๅธธใซๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ‹?
07:02
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚
07:03
But it's important you get the majority of them because a lot of our understanding, we
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคง้ƒจๅˆ†ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฎ็†่งฃใฎๅคšใใฏใ€
07:07
know what these mean, so when somebody uses a phrase or an idiom, our brain goes:
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚่ชฐใ‹ ใŒใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่„ณใฏใ“ใ†ใชใ‚Šใพใ™
07:12
"Ah, dah-dah-dah-dah.
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ใ€‚
07:13
Number two", or: "Dah-dah-dah-dah.
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2"ใ€ใพใŸใฏ: "Dah-dah-dah-dah.
07:14
Number seven", and we automatically understand.
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7 ็•ช"ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏ ่‡ชๅ‹•็š„ใซ็†่งฃใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:17
While when you're doing it, you might say: "Oh my gosh, I don't understand.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้–“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ“ใ†่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“:
07:20
It's just crazy.
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07:21
What do you mean, 'shoot in my foot' or 'shoot for the skies', or 'what are you aiming for'?
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07:26
Why you say these things?'"
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'? ใชใœใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?
07:27
And we're like: "Oh yeah, you don't know all of the definitions."
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07:31
So, we've written out our dictionary definition, which was number one, and the definition is here.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่พžๆ›ธใฎๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไธ€็•ชใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใฎๅฎš็พฉใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:38
Number two, write out the words you associate with it.
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:41
Now, I've got a complete diagram here.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅ›ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:43
You may not, so you might say...
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ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“...
07:45
Right off, you might go: "Gun", and you'll write the word "gun", because you know gun,
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ใ™ใใซใ€ใ€Œ้Šƒใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ€Œ้Šƒใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Šƒใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
07:49
you go: "Shoot. Gun. I know 'gun'."
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ใ€‚ '."
07:52
I know another one you know.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:53
We say: "Bow and arrow".
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ใ€Œๅผ“ใจ็Ÿขใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:55
When you take it, everybody knows this, and fire.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆ็™บ็ ฒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:59
Well, there are two parts to this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:02
This part is the bow.
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ใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒๅผ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:04
The part that fire is the arrow.
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็™บๅฐ„ใ™ใ‚‹้ƒจๅˆ†ใฏ็Ÿขใงใ™ใ€‚
08:06
So you might write: "Arrow", and you might write: "Bow".
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€ŒArrowใ€ ใจๆ›ธใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€ใ€ŒBowใ€ใจๆ›ธใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:10
Now, there are bigger words for this.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคงใใช ่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ็พฉ่ชž
08:12
Remember we talked about synonyms.
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
08:14
Well, ammunition...
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅผพ่–ฌ...
08:16
Or, okay, let's talk "weapon" first.
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ€ใพใšใ€Œๆญฆๅ™จใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
08:18
"Weapon" is the gun or the bow.
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ใ€Œๆญฆๅ™จใ€ใฏ้Šƒใ‚„ๅผ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:20
It is the thing that fires something or shoots.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซ็ซใ‚’ ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
08:23
See? We're going to use the word.
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่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:25
You have the gun, you shoot something.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Šƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
And what do you shoot?
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:28
You shoot a bullet.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅผพไธธใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
08:32
This comes out of a gun.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้Šƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:35
So, you shoot bullets from guns.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Šƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๅผพไธธใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
08:37
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:38
Bow and arrows.
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ๅผ“ใจ็Ÿขใ€‚
08:39
You have a bow.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅผ“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:41
It looks like a really big "D" actually.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้žๅธธใซ ๅคงใใชใ€ŒDใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
08:43
It's kind of funny, when you do a bow, it looks like a "D", and you shoot arrows. Okay?
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ใŠ่พžๅ„€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ใ€ŒDใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใฆใ€็Ÿขใ‚’ๆ”พใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:50
So you shoot arrows from bows.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅผ“ใ‹ใ‚‰็Ÿขใ‚’ๆ”พใคใ€‚
08:53
Okay?
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08:53
That's called "ammunition".
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ€Œๅผพ่–ฌใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:55
A "blank" is funny.
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ใ€Œ็ฉบ็™ฝใ€ใŒ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ€‚
08:56
What do you mean: "Blank"?
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ใ€Œ็ฉบ็™ฝใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
08:57
When you do a test, sometimes it says: "Mr. E __________ goes home."
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œ E __________ใ•ใ‚“ใŒๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใจ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:06
You'll notice that there's nothing there.
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ใใ“ใซใฏ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:08
A blank, when you fire a blank or shoot a blank, there's nothing there.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ—ใŸใ‚Š ใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:12
If I shoot you with a blank, then I: "Bang", you'll go: "Nothing happened?" and I go: "Yeah,
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใงๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ€Œใƒใƒณใ€ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€
09:18
it's a blank."
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฉบ็™ฝใงใ™ใ€ใจ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:19
There's nothing there.
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ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:20
It just makes sound.
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้ŸณใŒๅ‡บใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:21
Okay?
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1000
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:22
So when you have ammunition, you can have blanks.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅผพ่–ฌใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:24
In the army and the police when they practice, they practice with blanks.
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่ป้šŠใ‚„่ญฆๅฏŸใง ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚นใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:28
They don't want to shoot each other and kill anyone, they just want to practice shooting,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠไบ’ใ„ใซๆ’ƒใกๅˆใ„ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆฎบใ—ใŸใใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใ ๅฐ„ๆ’ƒใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ™
09:32
where to shoot, how to shoot.
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ใ€‚
09:34
If you have a gun, you need bullets.
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้Šƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ๅผพไธธใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:36
If you have a bow, you need an arrow.
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ๅผ“ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใชใ‚‰ใ€็ŸขใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
09:38
That's your ammunition.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅผพ่–ฌใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅผพ่–ฌใซใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹
09:40
You know something else that can be ammunition?
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ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไป–ใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:42
It's a surprise, but when you think about it you'll understand.
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ๆ„ๅค–ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚Œใฐใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:48
Words.
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่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
09:50
Words can be ammunition.
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅผพ่–ฌใซใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ€‚
09:53
Ammunition hurt people.
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ๅผพ่–ฌใฏไบบใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:54
Bullets hurt people.
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ๅผพไธธใฏไบบใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:55
Arrows hurt people.
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็Ÿขใฏไบบใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:57
Ammunition, if you say to someone: "You are fat", that will hurt their feelings.
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ๅผพ่–ฌใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏๅคชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๆฐ—ๆŒใกใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ™.
10:01
That is ammunition, to hurt someone.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅผพ่–ฌใงใ™ใ€‚
10:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:06
You're going: "Okay, ammunition hurt."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ ๅผพ่–ฌใŒ็—›ใ„ใ€
10:07
I go: "Yeah", and now we go back.
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็งใฏ่กŒใใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ใใ—ใฆ ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:10
Where do you use ammunition?
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ๅผพ่–ฌใฏใฉใ“ใงไฝฟใ†๏ผŸ
10:12
In a weapon.
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ๆญฆๅ™จใงใ€‚
10:13
We've done a gun and we've done a bow.
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็งใŸใกใฏ้Šƒ ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใ€ๅผ“ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:15
But what's an antonym?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅๆ„่ชžใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:16
Because if you noticed, after we wrote out words you associate, I said:
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ใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้€ฃๆƒณใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใไธŠใ’ใŸๅพŒใ€็งใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
10:19
"Hey, let's go to number three: Write synonyms and antonyms."
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ใ€‚
10:23
We've touched synonyms because ammunition can be bullet, arrow, blanks, words, but an
239
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ๅผพ่–ฌ ใฏๅผพไธธใ€็Ÿขใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ€่จ€่‘‰ใชใฉใฎ้กž็พฉ่ชžใซ่งฆใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
10:29
antonym to shooting someone would be "protection".
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่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใ“ใจใฎๅๅฏพ่ชž ใฏใ€Œไฟ่ญทใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:34
Protection could be a shield.
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ไฟ่ญทใฏ็›พใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:36
If you like captain America...
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใƒ†ใƒณใƒปใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰โ€ฆ
10:39
I do.
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ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
10:40
Okay, some of you might have trouble seeing, but Captain America, he has a shield that
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใซใใ„ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใƒ†ใƒณใƒปใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฏๅผพไธธใ‹ใ‚‰่บซใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็›พใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:45
he uses to protect himself from bullets, or Wonder Woman has bracelets, these things she
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ใƒฏใƒณใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฆใƒผใƒžใƒณใฏ่…•ใซ่บซใซ็€ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ–ใƒฌใ‚นใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ
10:50
wears on her arms, and they bounce off.
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:52
They go flying away, and she can stop the bullets.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ฃ›ใ‚“ใง่กŒใใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅผพไธธใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
10:55
So we can have protection.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏไฟ่ญทใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:58
You shoot...
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ๆ’ƒใฃใฆโ€ฆ
10:59
[Laughs] You should use protection on a date.
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๏ผˆ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰ ใƒ‡ใƒผใƒˆใงใฏใŠๅฎˆใ‚Šใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
11:01
And I'll leave that alone.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ”พใฃใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:03
You'll get that a little later on.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
11:04
Okay?
253
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
11:05
So, we've talked about antonyms and synonyms, and we noticed how we went from one word:
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ใงใฏใ€ๅๆ„่ชžใจๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ€ ใจใ„ใ† 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‹ใ‚‰ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‹ใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸ
11:09
"Shoot", and we have one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten.
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ใ€‚
11:13
Oh, 10 words, and we're not done.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€10 ่ชžใง ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:16
Remember when I talked about hurt?
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็ง ใŒๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:18
Well, we have a fancy word for hurt that means "injure".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚ทใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๆดพๆ‰‹ใช่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:21
It's the same thing.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
11:22
When you get, hurt, ow, you're injured.
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ใ‘ใŒใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใฏใ€ใ‘ใŒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:25
You feel pain, and maybe I hurt my arm, I cannot use my arm, it's injured.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆๅคšๅˆ†็งใฏ็งใฎ่…•ใ‚’ๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€็งใฏ็งใฎ่…•ใ‚’ ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฒ ๅ‚ทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
11:29
You go: -"What's wrong?"
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€
11:30
-"I don't know, my shoulder hurts."
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-ใ€Œใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ ่‚ฉใŒ็—›ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
11:31
I have pain, and pain is usually get when you're hurt.
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็งใซใฏ็—›ใฟใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใซ็—›ใฟใŒ็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:36
Pain is that feeling, ow, no good.
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็—›ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใƒ€ใƒกใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:38
No good feeling. Right? So, we have pain when we're injured.
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ใ„ใ„ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ ใจ็—›ใฟใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:41
When we're hurt, we feel pain.
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ๅ‚ทใคใ„ใŸใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:44
So now you've learned three words to talk about: -"What's wrong with your hand?"
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ : -ใ€Œๆ‰‹ใฏใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ?ใ€
11:46
-"I injured it last night."
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-ใ€Œๆ˜จๅคœๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
11:48
Or: "Ow, I hurt it last night."
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ˜จๅคœ็—›ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
11:50
or: "God, I feel pain in my hand."
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ใพใŸใฏ๏ผšใ€Œ็ฅžๆง˜ ใ€ๆ‰‹ใซ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
11:54
Similar. Not all the same. Right? Good.
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ไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
11:56
But you're getting it.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:57
Now we've gone to 10 to 13 words.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ 10 ๏ฝž 13 ่ชžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:00
So, not only do you understand if I say somebody got...
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใจ็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ...
12:03
I'm going to shoot you, you're going to be in pain, you will probably be injured and hurt.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็—›ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๆ€ชๆˆ‘ใ‚’ใ—ใฆๅ‚ทใคใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
12:08
You will probably want protection. Right?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใไฟ่ญทใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
12:10
Captain American's shield.
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒ—ใƒ†ใƒณใƒปใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใƒณใฎ็›พใ€‚
12:12
Right? You might wonder if I'm going to use a bow and arrow, or... Sorry.
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ๅผ“็Ÿขใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚โ€ฆ ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:16
A gun and a bow, and shoot you with bullets and arrows.
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้Šƒใจๅผ“ใ€ใใ—ใฆ ๅผพไธธใจ็Ÿขใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
12:20
Now you have an understanding about shooting, when someone's shooting, but let's go a little
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ใ“ใ‚Œใง ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฐ„ๆ’ƒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๅฐ„ๆ’ƒใซใคใ„ใฆ็†่งฃใงใใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—
12:24
further because now I'm going to give you some idioms.
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ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใฟ ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:27
I've given you one example on the board: "to shoot down".
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ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ไธŠใง 1 ใคใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ— ใŸใ€‚ใ€Œๆ’ƒๅขœใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
12:31
Remember: Does shooting make you feel good or bad?
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผšๅฐ„ๆ’ƒ ใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’่‰ฏใใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ‚’ๆ‚ชใใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:34
Bad.
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ๆ‚ชใ„ใ€‚
12:35
And usually we say when we feel good, we go up, but when we shoot down, do you think this
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ใใ—ใฆ้€šๅธธใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใจใใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๆ’ƒๅขœใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
12:40
is a good thing or a bad thing?
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ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
12:42
When somebody shoots down an idea, they're telling you your idea is no good and it has
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ๅฆๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏใƒ€ใƒกใ ใ€ๆจใฆ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ
12:47
to go.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:48
So you say: "I've got an idea for..."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผšใ€Œ็ง ใฏ...ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€
12:49
[Shooting noise]
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[ๅฐ„ๆ’ƒ้Ÿณ]
12:50
That's it.
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ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:51
Idea gone.
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ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใŒๆถˆใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:52
I just shot down that idea.
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็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ’ƒใก่ฝใจใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:55
We shoot down planes.
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒๅขœใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:56
Enemy planes, they're flying...
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ๆ•ตๆฉŸใ€้ฃ›ใ‚“ใงใพใ™โ€ฆ
12:57
[Shooting noise and plane crashing noise]
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[็™บ็ ฒ้Ÿณใจ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใฎๅขœ่ฝ้Ÿณ]
13:00
Now I'm going to give you a couple more in a list.
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ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ใจๆ•ฐๆžšๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:03
Okay?
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13:03
And why am I doing this?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใชใœ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:04
Is because what I want you to do is see how they tie together.
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎ ใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ตใณใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™.
13:08
I've got like a book here and there's like pages and pages. All right?
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็งใฏใ“ใ“ใซๆœฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใจใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:11
But we'll do a few and see if you can catch them.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚„ใฃใฆใฟใฆใ€ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใ‚ˆ ใ†ใ€‚
13:13
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
13:14
We're going to do "shoot".
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ใ€Œๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ€ใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:15
By the way, "shoot" is a verb.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
13:17
So what's the past of "shoot"?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใจใฏ๏ผŸ
13:22
Probably don't know this, but it's this: "shot".
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ๅคšๅˆ†็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:27
Shoot you today, I shot you yesterday.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ€็ง ใฏๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ€‚
13:31
Shoot, shot.
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ๆ’ƒใฆใ€ๆ’ƒใฆใ€‚
13:32
It's a little shorter because it's gone by now; not as fresh.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใชใใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—็Ÿญใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ–ฐ้ฎฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
13:35
Sorry, bad.
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:36
Okay, so: "shoot straight".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใพใฃใ™ใใซๆ’ƒใฆใ€ใ€‚
13:39
When we call someone a "straight shooter"...
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ ใ€Œใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถ
13:41
If I go: "You're a straight shooter", remember what "shoot" means?
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ใจใ... ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใงใ™ใ€ใจ ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ€ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
13:44
Dunh-dunh.
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ใƒ€ใƒณใƒ€ใƒณใ€‚
13:45
If you don't shoot straight, you shoot like this.
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ใพใฃใ™ใๆ’ƒใŸใชใ„ใจใ€ ใ“ใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
13:48
This is very confusing.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:49
I want someone that's going to be a straight shooter.
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใซใชใ‚‹ไบบใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€‚
13:52
[Shooting noise]
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[้Šƒๅฃฐ]
13:53
That means when they use their words, they tell you something directly,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ในใๅงฟใ‚’็›ดๆŽฅใ‚ใชใŸ
13:59
the way it's supposed to be.
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ใซไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:00
"I don't like you because you don't like worms."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่™ซใŒๅซŒใ„ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
14:04
That guy is a straight shooter.
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ใ‚ใฎ็”ทใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ ใ€‚
14:05
He could say: "Worms aren't my favourite and I like other things", but he just - boom,
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ๅฝผใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฏ็งใฎใŠๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใงใฏใชใใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€ๅฝผใฏใŸใ  - ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ ใ€
14:09
straight at you.
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ใพใฃใ™ใใซใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใŸ.
14:11
Straight shooters will tell you right to you, like shooting you with a gullet-, a bullet,
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฏ ใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใ€ๅผพไธธใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
14:15
but they use their words.
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ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:16
So they do not try to tell stories.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:19
Just one line and done.
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1่กŒใ ใ‘ใงๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:21
Here's another one: "shoot the shit".
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™๏ผš ใ€ŒใŸใ‚ใ”ใจใ‚’ๆ’ƒใคใ€ใ€‚
14:24
Bad word.
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ๆ‚ชใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
14:25
I know, sorry.
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็งใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:26
But if you and your friends-imagine this-are talking about, I don't know, comic books,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„- ็งใซใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
14:32
you're not really taking a gun and there's a piece of poo-poo and going:
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ้Šƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏ ใชใใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใกใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
14:35
"Bang!" and the poo-poo jumps.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒณ๏ผใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ†ใ‚“ใกใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:36
"Bang!" and the poo-poo jumps.
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ใ€Œใƒใƒณ๏ผใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ†ใ‚“ใกใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒณใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:38
No.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€
14:39
We're not saying that.
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14:39
We're just saying shooting like talking with our words about nothing important.
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ใใ†ใฏ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
็งใŸใกใฏใ€ ้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใŸใกใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใง่ฉฑใ™ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฐ„ๆ’ƒใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
14:43
So it's a subject that you're just like: "Yeah, that was really cool.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฅฝใใชไธป้กŒใงใ™ ๏ผšใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:45
Yeah, that was really cool."
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ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
14:47
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:48
So we're talking about something that's not important but we are being direct about it,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้‡่ฆใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
14:52
shooting the poo-poo, let's call it that. Okay?
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ใ€ใ†ใ‚“ใกใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
14:55
You might hear people say that.
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใใ†่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:57
Oh, here's one I love: "shoot your mouth off".
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใช ใ€Œๅฃใ‚’ๆ’ƒใก่ฝใจใ›ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:00
Remember I said "shooting", right?
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็งใŒใ€Œๅฐ„ๆ’ƒใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
15:03
When we shoot, it's a verb, and you use words as weapons?
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ๆ’ƒใคใจใใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใง ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆญฆๅ™จใซไฝฟใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:06
When someone shoots their mouth off, it's like they're talking at you, but they're like:
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฃใ‚’ๆ’ƒใก่ฝใจใ™ใจใ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
15:09
"Da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da-da", shooting you with their mouth.
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ใ€Œใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใซใ€ๅฃใงใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™.
15:14
So they might say: "I'm the best in the world, I've always done this, da-da-da."
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผšใ€Œ็งใฏ ไธ–็•Œไธ€ใงใ™ใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€da-da-daใ€ใ€‚
15:16
Athletes do that a lot.
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ใ‚ขใ‚นใƒชใƒผใƒˆใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:17
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
15:18
Or promoters for sports.
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใƒขใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€‚
15:19
They might say: "We're the best, the best ever."
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“๏ผšใ€Œ็งใŸใกใฏๆœ€้ซ˜ใงใ™ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใงๆœ€้ซ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
15:22
You say: "You're shooting your mouth off."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฃใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
15:23
All right?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
15:24
Now I'll give you a couple more and then I want to let go because we're going to say
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็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ† 2 ใค่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
15:27
present tense was "shoot".
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ใ€‚
15:28
What about "shot"?
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ใ€Œใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
15:30
Imagine it's dark.
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ๆš—ใ„ใจๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:32
The room is dark, you can't see anything, and you shoot your gun.
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฏๆš—ใใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใˆใšใ€้Šƒใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ™ใ€‚
15:37
And think past tense, you shot your gun.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใง่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Šƒใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:39
That means you finished.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:40
Right? Shot.
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ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ€‚
15:41
And it's dark.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆš—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:43
There's an English idiom that is exactly that, it means: "They shot in the dark".
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ใพใ•ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ชใƒ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:47
If a room is dark, you don't know what's going on. Right?
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้ƒจๅฑ‹ใŒๆš—ใ„ใจใ€ ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
15:50
If you take a shot, you are doing something-right?-you're throwing that bullet out there or those words.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆ’ฎใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™-ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹-ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใใฎๅผพไธธใพใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:55
But you don't know what you're going to hit, because it's dark.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ๆš—ใ„ใฎใงไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:58
You don't know what you're hitting, you're like: [Shooting noise].
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™: [ๅฐ„ๆ’ƒ้Ÿณ].
16:00
"There. Hope I got it."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€
16:02
We say: "a shot in the dark", it means to take a guess.
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ใ€Œๆš—้—‡ใฎไธญใงใฎใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒˆใ€ ใจใฏใ€ๆŽจๆธฌใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:05
It means I don't know.
375
965249
1431
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
16:06
I'm using my words and saying: "I really don't know. I'm taking a guess."
376
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3459
็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ ใ“ใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:10
I'm like: "Ah, my favourite colour's yellow?"
377
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็งใฏใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใฎๅฅฝใใช ่‰ฒใฏ้ป„่‰ฒใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
16:14
It's a shot in the dark.
378
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2705
ๆš—้—‡ใงใฎๆ’ฎๅฝฑใงใ™ใ€‚
16:17
Dark room with a gun.
379
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1331
้Šƒใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๆš—ใ„้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ€‚
16:18
Yeah, maybe I hit it, maybe I don't.
380
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ใˆใˆใ€ๅคšๅˆ†็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰“ใฃ ใŸใ€ๅคšๅˆ†็งใฏๆ‰“ใŸใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
16:20
See?
381
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16:20
You go: "Oh my gosh, I understand."
382
980622
1982
่ฆ‹ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใƒžใ‚คใ‚ดใƒƒใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
16:22
That's the beauty of the word web.
383
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1930
ใใ‚ŒใŒ ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎ็พŽใ—ใ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:24
We're going to take words that you may not understand.
384
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็†่งฃใงใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:28
We bridge, which means taking words you know.
385
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2133
็งใŸใกใฏๆฉ‹ใ‚’ๆžถใ‘ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:30
That's why I said: "Take your ideas", and we put your ideas together.
386
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃ ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:33
Right?
387
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
16:34
So things you know, you can write down, like "gun" and "bullet".
388
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œ้Šƒใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œๅผพไธธใ€ใชใฉใ€็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:37
That helps put it in your head so you can remember it.
389
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ ้ ญใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใฆใŠใใจ่ฆšใˆใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:39
Then we go to synonyms for words that are not exactly the same.
390
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ๆฌกใซ ใ€ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅŒ็พฉ่ชžใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
16:42
An arrow is not a bullet, but they're similar, and that will help you remember "arrow", because
391
1002990
5209
็Ÿขใฏๅผพไธธใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไผผใฆใ„
16:48
you go: "Arrow, bow.
392
1008199
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็Ÿขใ€ๅผ“ใ€‚
16:49
Oh, like old Indians, I understand now." Right?
393
1009290
2285
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅคใ„ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ง ใฏไปŠ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๅณ๏ผŸ
16:51
"Yeah, yeah, yeah."
394
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ใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€
16:52
And then we can add on new ones, like words.
395
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๅ˜่ชžใชใฉใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
16:54
Like words?
396
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1160
่จ€่‘‰ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช๏ผŸ
16:55
And give you a further or a greater definition.
397
1015959
2690
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใ•ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใชๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:58
From that, once you start understanding these ideas, like we have: "pain", "injure", "hurt",
398
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ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฆ‚ๅฟตใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ใ€Œ็—›ใฟใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅ‚ทใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€
17:02
that's how we understand "shoot down". Right?
399
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2498
ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๆ’ƒๅขœใ€ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ
17:06
Or "blanks", bullets, right?
400
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ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ€ใ€ๅผพไธธใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
17:07
Oh, here's a good one: "firing blanks".
401
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2540
ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™๏ผšใ€Œ็ฉบ็ ฒใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
17:10
Another word for using a gun is when you shoot, another word for "shoot" is "fire".
402
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5004
้Šƒใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆ’ƒใคใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€Œ็ซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
17:15
He shot the gun.
403
1035039
1000
ๅฝผใฏ้Šƒใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใ€‚
17:16
Fire.
404
1036039
356
17:16
So we can go: "shoot", from "shoot"-right?-"shoot", you can say: "Oh, fire.
405
1036420
7318
็ซใ€‚
ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œๆ’ƒใฆใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๆ’ƒใฆใ€-ใ€Œๆ’ƒใฆใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ’ƒใฆใ€‚้Šƒใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
17:23
Fire your gun."
406
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:25
Hmm? Yeah.
407
1045500
1343
ใ†ใƒผใ‚“๏ผŸ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:26
So when we say this, now watch.
408
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2619
ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใจใใฏใ€ไปŠ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:29
"He fires blanks."
409
1049808
2012
ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ็ฉบ็ ฒใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
17:31
"Blank" means nothing, "fire" means shoot, and someone says: "He's firing blanks."
410
1051845
5711
ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ€ใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ›ใšใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใ‚ขใ€ใฏใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œๅฝผใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:37
There's actually two meanings for that.
411
1057581
1961
ใใ‚ŒใซใฏๅฎŸใฏ2ใคใฎ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
17:39
One of them is: What you're saying has no importance, it won't do anything.
412
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4393
ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใฏ้‡่ฆใงใฏใชใใ€ไฝ•ใฎๅฝนใซใ‚‚็ซ‹ใŸใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
17:43
They're talking, but nothing's going to happen.
413
1063960
1913
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‚่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:45
Blanks.
414
1065898
725
ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ€‚
17:46
There's nothing there.
415
1066648
1178
ใใ“ใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:47
Another one is if you can't make babies.
416
1067851
3352
ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฏใ€ ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ™ใ€‚
17:51
Talk to your doctor.
417
1071469
1131
ๅŒปๅธซใซ็›ธ่ซ‡ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:52
I'm not a doctor.
418
1072600
1390
็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
17:53
I just play one on TV.
419
1073990
1789
็งใฏใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใง1ใคใ ใ‘ๅ†็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:55
Okay, but if you're firing blanks, you can't make babies.
420
1075779
2746
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใงใ‚‚ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“.
17:58
Huh?
421
1078873
677
ใฏ๏ผŸ
17:59
Yeah, there's no power.
422
1079550
975
ใ†ใ‚“ใ€ๅŠ›ใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
18:01
Sorry about that, that's a problem.
423
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2329
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
18:03
Or if you're firing blanks, it means you have no power in your weapon.
424
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2860
ใพใŸใฏใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’็™บๅฐ„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ๆญฆๅ™จใซๅŠ›ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
18:06
Your words don't mean anything.
425
1086350
1100
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:07
They don't...
426
1087450
437
18:07
Like Superman, they bounce off.
427
1087912
1538
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
... ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่ทณใญ่ฟ”ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
18:09
They cause no problems.
428
1089450
1219
ๅ•้กŒใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:10
Okay? Cool.
429
1090669
1101
ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆถผใ—ใ„ใ€‚
18:11
So, I've given you a bunch.
430
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1525
ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซๆŸใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
18:13
There's a lot more just under "shoot", but I think after giving you these ones, you're
431
1093345
3781
ใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใฎใ™ใไธ‹ใซใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸๅพŒใ€
18:17
like: "Hey, I actually understand that."
432
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2869
ใ€Œใญใˆใ€็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
18:20
I'm like: "Yeah", and you probably don't even know this word.
433
1100020
3064
็งใฏใ€Œใˆใˆใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ•ใˆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
18:23
But in 10 minutes, we can go from not just knowing one word, but look, I added more words,
434
1103109
4712
ใ—ใ‹ใ— 10 ๅˆ†ใง 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
18:27
16 words in 10 minutes.
435
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3500
ใ€10 ๅˆ†ใง 16 ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
18:31
And the best thing is in five minutes, if you go back when you go to do the test, which
436
1111371
3589
ๆœ€่‰ฏใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏ 5 ๅˆ†ไปฅๅ†…ใซ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซๆˆปใ‚‹
18:34
I know you'll do, you'll get it almost perfect because you'll say: "I understand."
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ใจใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ ๅฎŒ็’งใช็ตๆžœใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:39
And ladies and gentlemen, understanding is greater than knowing.
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ใ”ๅˆ—ๅธญใฎ็š†ๆง˜ใ€็†่งฃ ใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:43
When you understand, you never forget, and that's the aim of this lesson.
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็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:46
Did I say "aim"? Is that it on the board?
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ใ€Œ็›ฎๆŒ‡ใ›ใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ไธŠใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
18:48
That's another word with "shoot".
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ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:50
Anyway, I've got to get going.
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€็งใฏ่กŒใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใ‚’่€ƒๆ…ฎ
18:52
I've shot my load for the day, given you all you need to know.
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ใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใฎๆ—ฅใฎ็งใฎ่ฒ ่ทใ‚’ๆ’ƒใกใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
18:56
Don't forget "shoot".
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ใ€Œๆ’ƒใคใ€ใ‚’ใŠๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใใ€‚
18:57
Go over these words, go do the quiz.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ ใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:00
And I'm sure you will... Let me see.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ็ขบไฟกใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™... ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:01
Don't shoot me a dirty look.
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ๆฑšใ„็›ฎใง่ฆ‹ใชใ„ใงใ€‚
19:03
Don't shoot from the hip, shoot my mouth off.
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่…ฐใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ’ƒใŸใชใ„ใงใ€็งใฎๅฃใ‚’ๆ’ƒใก่ฝใจใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:06
Oh god, I'm out.
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็ฅžๆง˜ใ€ๅ‡บใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠ
19:07
I'm going to be firing blanks if I keep talking anymore.
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ใ—ใ‚ƒในใฃใŸใ‚‰็ฉบ็ˆ†ใ—ใกใ‚ƒใ†ใž ใ€‚
19:09
Have a good one.
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่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
19:12
I almost forgot.
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ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
19:13
Go to www.eng as in English, vid as in video.com (www.engvid.com),
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่‹ฑ่ชžใง ใฏ www.engใ€video.com (www.engvid.com) ใงใฏ vid ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚น
19:22
do the quiz and don't forget to subscribe.
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ใ—ใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ€ ่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:25
Ciao.
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19:25
And thanks for watching.
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ใƒใƒฃใ‚ชใ€‚
ใใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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