3 ways to use adverbs

300,945 views ใƒป 2012-07-04

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
"He moved rather slowly for a young man. Too quickly, his life was snuffed out. A bright,
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ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่‹ฅใ„็”ทใซใ—ใฆใฏๅ‹•ใใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ ๆ—ฉใใ€ๅฝผใฎๅ‘ฝใฏๅนใ้ฃ›ใฐใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ
00:13
colorful" -- hello. You like my story? I'm James. This is Yngwie. There were many, many
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ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใงใ™ใ€ -- ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใฎ่ฉฑใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏ ใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒดใ‚งใ‚คใงใ™ใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎ
00:21
adverbs used. For some of you, you would say, "No, we were adjectives because you said 'bright,
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎไธญใซใฏใ€ ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Žๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ใ€
00:26
colorful,' this and that." But in English, what a lot of people don't know -- well, beginner
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ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใจใ‚ใ‚Œใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ ใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใฎ
00:32
students usually know -- they know adverbs modify verbs, and nouns are modified by adjectives.
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ๅญฆ็”ŸใฏใŸใ„ใฆใ„็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ—ใ€ๅ่ฉžใŒๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆไฟฎ้ฃพใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:39
And this is completely true. But the adverb is a canny beast -- strange, in other words
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž ใฏ่ณขใ„ๅ‹•็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช
00:45
-- because it has more than one function. Today, what I want to teach you are the three
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใซใฏ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซๆ•™ใˆใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ3ใคใฎ
00:52
functions of the adverb. You might be surprised, and some of you might know it, but you never
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ้ฉšใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆ
00:57
know. Stick around for the ride. It'll happen rather quickly, yet painlessly. Let's go to
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็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไน—่ปŠใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅ›บๅŸทใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ—ฉใ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€็—›ใฟใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:03
the board, okay? I just used one on you. I hope you catch it. Come back to the beginning
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ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉใ‚ใชใŸใฎ 1 ใคใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆๅฟƒใซๅธฐใฃ
01:07
and check.
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ใฆ็ขบ่ชใ€‚
01:08
Okay, so we look at adverb. The very word says "add," so you put something to a verb,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใพใ•ใซ ใ€ŒๅŠ ใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใชใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‚ˆ
01:13
right? And this is action. "Run, worm, run!" See, the worm's running for his life. He's
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ใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่กŒๅ‹•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ตฐใ‚Œใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใ€่ตฐใ‚Œ๏ผใ€ ใปใ‚‰ใ€ใƒฏใƒผใƒ ใฏๅฟ…ๆญปใซ่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏ
01:19
running quickly, yeah? So "running quickly" -- this is where we're going to start. We
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ๆ€ฅใ„ใง่ตฐใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ€Œใ™ใฐใ‚„ใๅฎŸ่กŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ - ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:24
have action plus the verb, adverb. Adverbs usually follow verbs. "Run quickly," okay?
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใจๅ‹•่ฉžใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ—ฉใ้€ƒใ’ใฆใ€ใ„ใ„๏ผŸ
01:31
Now what do they modify? Well, they modify verbs. They can also modify adjectives, which
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ไปŠใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใพใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใŸใ€ๅ่ฉžใงๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใ€
01:39
work with nouns, and they can modify other adverbs to give you -- well, give you what?
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ไป–ใฎ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:44
Well, when they modify verbs, they help us tell us where, how, and when, okay? Get that
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒไฟฎ้ฃพใ• ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ„ใคใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—
01:50
again. When an adverb modifies a verb, it tells us where, how, and when. How is that
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
01:56
verb acting? When is it acting, right? When an adverb modifies an adjective, it intensifies
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๆผ”ๆŠ€ใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟ
02:02
it. It brings intensity, right? "The brightly colored jacket." "The brightly colored jacket."
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ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฟ€ใ—ใ•ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ้ฎฎใ‚„ใ‹ใช ่‰ฒใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ€ ใ€Œ้ฎฎใ‚„ใ‹ใช่‰ฒใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ€
02:09
Because the jacket is bright, we know, but it's "brightly colored." So more intense,
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใŒๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ€Œๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„่‰ฒใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅผท็ƒˆใซใ€
02:14
more powerful. And then with adverbs, it also brings emphasis. "Too quickly, he spoke to
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใƒ‘ใƒฏใƒ•ใƒซใซใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใจใจใ‚‚ใซใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏๅผท่ชฟใ‚‚ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ—ฉใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘
02:20
me." "Rather sorridly." I can't even say it, okay? "He looked at me rather stupidly when
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ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆฎ‹ๅฟตใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็งใŒใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฐใ‹ใ’ใŸ็›ฎใง็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸ
02:30
I asked the question." "Only I speak like this, Shakespeare and Mr. E." It's kind of
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ็งใ ใ‘ใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ— ใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ทใ‚งใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ”ใ‚ขใจEใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ
02:35
embarrassing. There's only three of us, but you're here to learn English. I'm going to
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ๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ 3 ไบบใ—ใ‹ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
02:38
teach it. So I've showed you an adverb will either
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏ
02:41
tell us where, how, or when. It will be used for emphasis with an adverb, and it can be
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ใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใพใŸใฏใ„ใคใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
02:47
used to intensify an adjective, give the noun more color, more feeling, more flavor. But
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ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ๅผทๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ€ๅ่ฉž ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ่‰ฒใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ้ขจๅ‘ณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใงใ‚‚
02:53
let's get a little bit more deeply, okay? So we're going to move from here, and we're
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ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆทฑใๆŽ˜ใ‚Šไธ‹ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใฆใ€
02:56
going to go over here and look at verbs. Adverbs usually follow verbs, okay? So when we talk
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏ
03:01
about where, "look inside." "Inside" comes after the verb. "Look around" or "look everywhere."
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ใ€ใ€Œไธญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ†…ใ€ใฏ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฆ‹ๅ›žใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ€‚
03:08
City TV in Canada is everywhere. So these follow the verb. When we talk about how, "He
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฎใ‚ทใƒ†ใ‚ฃ TV ใฏใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใซๅพ“ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ
03:14
quickly closed the door." I'm sorry. "He closed the door quickly." "He spoke calmly." This
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ใ™ใใซใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใŸใ€ใจ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€‚ ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผ ใฏใ™ใใซใƒ‰ใ‚ขใ‚’้–‰ใ‚ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œ
03:21
is how they do it. And when. I know you hear all the time, "yesterday" and "today" and
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ใŒๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใ‚„ใ‚Šๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ„ใคใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ€ใ€ใ€ŒไปŠๆ—ฅใ€ใ€
03:27
"tomorrow," and probably someone hasn't thrown out or told you their adverbs because it tells
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ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ใชใฉใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๆจใฆใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ•™ใˆใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
03:31
you when. "When did he do the work?" "He did the work yesterday." That's "when" -- work.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏใ„ใคใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œๅฝผใฏ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ„ใคใ€ - ไป•ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:36
We're talking about work. They're related, yeah? Or "tomorrow." "I'll go tomorrow." Notice
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็งใŸใกใฏไป•ไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
03:41
how it follows the rule. It comes after. Now, sometimes, when we deal with verbs, it comes
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ใƒซใƒผใƒซใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅพŒใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ใจใใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅ‰ใซๆฅใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
03:47
before. And this is when we talk about frequency, like how often you do something because that
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใคใ€ใฎ็Šถๆณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†้ ปๅบฆใชใฉใฎ้ ปๅบฆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™
03:52
is kind of like a "when" situation. It's a "when" situation. So for instance, if you
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ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œใ„ใคใ€ใฎ็Šถๆณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ
03:56
go to the gym -- sorry. Now, I'm embarrassed. Let me just put my coat on, okay? A little
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ใ€ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€็งใฏๆฅใšใ‹ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒˆใ‚’็€ใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฐ‘ใ—
04:03
muscular James. No. Okay. Skinny James, Dames Dean, okay? So when you say, "When you go
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็ญ‹่‚‰่ณชใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚นใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒ‹ใƒผใƒปใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚นใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บ ใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒณใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
04:11
to the gym," you might say, "Do you always go?" "Usually go" or "often." Well, in this
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ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใจใใฏใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œใ„ใคใ‚‚่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ„ใคใ‚‚่กŒใใ€ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้ ป็นใซใ€ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ
04:16
case, we have to change the rule a little bit. We're going to change it. It doesn't
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใซใฏ็ถšใใพใ›ใ‚“
04:19
follow the verb. It comes before the verb. So adverbs of frequency come before the verb.
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ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้ ปๅบฆใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚
04:24
I like to talk about the seven sisters. In culture in America, we got, like, "Yo, brother,"
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็งใฏใ‚ปใƒ–ใƒณใ‚ทใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚บใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใƒจใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒผ
04:30
"my brother," "my mother," you know? And we talk about the sisters. And the sisters are
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ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ถใƒผใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒžใ‚คใƒžใ‚ถใƒผใ€ใชใฉใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏๅง‰ๅฆนใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆๅง‰ๅฆน
04:34
the following. If I teach you, please remember -- and you'll never forget this -- the seven
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ใฏไปฅไธ‹ใ€‚ ็งใŒๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ - ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† - 7
04:38
sisters tell us frequency, how often. They go from zero to 100, like my girlfriend's
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ไบบใฎๅง‰ๅฆนใŒ็งใŸใกใซ้ ปๅบฆใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๆฐ—ๆ€งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ผใƒญใ‹ใ‚‰100ใพใง
04:43
temper. She'll be soft and crazy. Zero to 100, okay? In six seconds. Seven seconds.
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใใฆใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ 0 ใ‹ใ‚‰ 100 ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ 6็ง’ใงใ€‚ ไธƒ็ง’ใ€‚
04:50
The seven sisters are the -- these words are usually used. Now, there's a star here I'll
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The Seven Sisters is the -- ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏ ้€šๅธธไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซๆ˜ŸใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:54
explain after. But generally put, if you remember this, you'll remember the seven sisters of
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ใ€‚ๅพŒใง่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž้ ปๅบฆใฎ 7 ไบบใฎๅง‰ๅฆนใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:58
adverb frequency. "Always" and "never" are opposites. You always do it or you never do
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅธธใซใ€ใจใ€Œๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€ใฏ ๅๅฏพ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›
05:03
it. 100 to zero. "Sometimes" is 50 percent. But "sometimes" and "seldom" go together because
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ใ‚“ใ€‚ 100ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ผใƒญใ€‚ ใ€Œใจใใฉใใ€ใฏ 50% ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ€Œใจใใฉใใ€ใจใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€
05:08
they both start with S. Seven sisters sometimes seldom. Got it? Always never, sometimes seldom.
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ใฏใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ S ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅธธใซๆฑบใ—ใฆใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€‚
05:14
Now, you know four, okay? Crazy, but it works. Okay?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ4ใค็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:20
And the other ones are usually, often, or rarely. "Rarely" means almost never. Here's
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏ้€šๅธธใ€้ ป็นใซใ€ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“
05:25
a special note. People seldom say "seldom". They only usually say "rarely". But if you
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ใซ็‰นๅˆฅใชๆณจๆ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธใ€Œใพใ‚Œใซใ€ใ—ใ‹่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€
05:31
look at many grammar texts, they'll have "seldom" in there, so I need to teach it to you because
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใใ“ใซใฏใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ใŒๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆ•™ใˆใฆ
05:35
you'll get confused. But "seldom" is more than "rarely" because "rarely" means like
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ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ใฏใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ไปฅไธŠใฎ ใ‚‚ใฎ
05:39
maybe once in a lifetime. "Seldom" means more like five, six times. And then we go up from
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ€ใจใฏ ใ€5 ๅ›žใ€6 ๅ›žใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠใซ่กŒใ
05:45
there, okay? So this is how an adverb is a text of verb. It tells us where, how, or when.
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ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใ“ใงใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŸใกใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
And when we use it for frequency, remember to switch it. Put the adverb of frequency
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ใพใŸใ€ๅ‘จๆณขๆ•ฐใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใš ใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ้ ปๅบฆใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’
05:55
before the verb, okay? Usually go, not go usually.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๅ‰ใซ็ฝฎใ ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ้€šๅธธใฏ่กŒใใ€้€šๅธธใฏ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ใ€‚
06:00
Moving on. Just so you know, "ly" is the most common adverb form. "Quickly", "normally",
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ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ€Œlyใ€ใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๅ‰ฏ่ฉžๅฝขๅผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฏใ‚„ใใ€ใ€Œใตใคใ†ใซใ€
06:06
"regularly", "habitually". They add "ly" because we are so lazy. Careful, though. Some adjectives
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ใ€ŒๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซใ€ใ€Œ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃ็š„ใซใ€ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใชใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œlyใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ
06:14
have "ly", right? But generally, "ly" is for adverbs, most common ending.
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ใฏใ€Œlyใ€ใŒใคใใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€ ใ€Œlyใ€ใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉž็”จใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่ชžๅฐพใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’
06:20
Let's move over to adjectives because you're probably thinking adverbs are with verbs,
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ใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡
06:24
and here I'm talking about this adjective. This is crazy. Not really. This is why we
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ใ†ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‹‚ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใซ
06:29
talk about intensities, to bring intensity to an adjective, okay? If you have a colored
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ๅผทใ•ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅผทใ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™็†็”ฑ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‰ฒใฎใคใ„ใŸ
06:35
coat, I might say, "How was it?" You say, "A brightly colored coat." I get an explosion
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ใ‚ณใƒผใƒˆใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ ้ฎฎใ‚„ใ‹ใช่‰ฒใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒˆใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ง
06:40
of light in my -- the way I see it, like bright yellow, bright blue, right? So we say something
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ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎไธญใงๅ…‰ใฎ็ˆ†็™บใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใพใ™ - ็งใŒ่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ ้ป„่‰ฒใ€ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้’ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ? ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
06:45
-- or "very". And "very" is very common. Sorry, "very" is very common.
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- ใพใŸใฏใ€Œ้žๅธธใซใ€ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ้žๅธธใซใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ€Œ้žๅธธใซใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:49
When someone says, "The food is very hot," right? Or, "It's very cold." "Cold" is an
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ใ€Œๆ–™็†ใŒ็†ฑใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œ ใŸใ‚‰๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฏ’ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œๅฏ’ใ„ใ€ใฏ
06:54
adjective. How cold is it? What is the intensity of cold or hot? We say "very". So here's one
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ๅฏ’ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฏ’ใ•ใ‚„ๆš‘ใ•ใฎๅผทใ•ใฏ๏ผŸ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
07:00
or actually two ways in which we use adverbs to modify adjectives to give us more of an
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฟฎ้ฃพ
07:05
experience, like life, right? "The soup was very hot, but it was very cold outside when
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ใ—ใ€ไบบ็”Ÿใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ 1 ใคใ‹ 2 ใค็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚นใƒผใƒ— ใฏ็†ฑใ€…ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅปบ็‰ฉใ‚’ๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจๅค–ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฏ’ใ‹ใฃ
07:10
I left the building." Okay? And then we also use adverbs when we talk about action, again,
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ใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ‚‚
07:15
to give emphasis to other adverbs. "James speaks too quickly." Yeah, I know. And you
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ใ€ไป–ใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บ ใฏ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใŒๆ—ฉใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ€‚ใ€ ใˆใˆใ€็งใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
07:24
just used it properly. You can go, "That's right. I will right now on the EngVid. You
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’้ฉๅˆ‡ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใใ† ใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏไปŠใ€EngVid ใง
07:28
speak too quickly. You taught me this. Now I use it, okay? So please, slow down. Do not
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่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ—ฉๅฃใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ไปŠ ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š
07:33
speak too slowly either. I will not be happy with this." Right? So we can say emphasis
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่ฉฑใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Š่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใŽใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็งใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใง ๆบ€่ถณใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅผท่ชฟใฏ
07:39
-- too quickly or too slowly. "At the beginning, I told you about 'rather stupidly'." Yes.
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้€Ÿใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Š้…ใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ ใ€Žใ‹ใชใ‚Šใƒใ‚ซใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใญใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
07:46
I find many times I go to McDonald's, they look at me rather stupidly when I place my
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็งใŒใƒžใ‚ฏใƒ‰ใƒŠใƒซใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใจ ใ€็งใŒๆณจๆ–‡ใ—ใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฐใ‹ใ’ใŸ็›ฎใง่ฆ‹ใพใ™
07:49
order. Big Mac, fries, go, "Sir, was that a Big Mac?" Blink, blink, blink. You're looking
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ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒใƒ†ใƒˆใ€ใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใพใฐใŸใใ€ใพใฐใŸใใ€ใพใฐใŸใใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
07:57
at me rather stupidly. Just want a Big Mac. Okay? So we can use "rather". Okay? There's
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฐใ‹ใ’ใฆ็งใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒƒใ‚ฐใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ ใ‘ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚€ใ—ใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
08:02
other words we can use as well. But just to keep it simple, when you do your research
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ไป–ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ— ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€่ชฟๆŸปใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใใ€
08:06
or when you come back to EngVid to look at other lessons, we'll go over them.
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ใพใŸใฏ EngVid ใซๆˆปใฃใฆ ไป–ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™.
08:09
So very quickly, I'm going to ask you some questions because I'm warning you now. On
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ๆ—ฉ้€Ÿใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ ่ณชๅ•ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:14
the quiz, these very same questions will be there. So you might want to look at the video
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ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๅ•้กŒใŒๅ‡บ้กŒใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ€
08:18
again to make sure you can answer it. What do adverbs -- okay, what are the three things
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็ญ”ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹ -- ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒไฝœ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ 3 ใคใฎใ“ใจใฏไฝ•
08:23
adverbs work with? It's on the board. How do they modify things? Like, when do they
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰
08:30
do things? What do they help tell you? What do they help to tell you? Okay? And give some
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ใฏใ„ใค็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไฝ•ใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€
08:37
examples perhaps of a "where", a "when", or a "how". Yeah? Know the answer to this? Think
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€Œใฉใ“ใงใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ„ใคใ€ ใ€ใ€Œใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ญ”ใˆใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:42
so, cool guy? Go to the quiz. Let's see. See how quickly you look stupidly at this point.
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ใใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใช็”ท๏ผŸ ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ‚Œใฉใ‚Œใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉๆ„šใ‹ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:47
Yeah, that's right. Oh, but before I go, I'll quickly write down -- see, I'm using adverbs
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใงใ‚‚ใใฎๅ‰ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ ใซๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚ใปใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏ็‹‚ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„
08:51
like crazy. Something very interesting for you, I am sure. Again, I'm doing it, son. Follow
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ้žๅธธใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ๆฏๅญใ€‚ ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—
08:57
me. Go to www -- okay? You want to know where? Well, don't look around, okay? It's not going
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ www ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ -- ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ“ใ‹็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„๏ผŸ ใพใ‚ใ€ๅ‘จใ‚Šใ‚’่ฆ‹ใชใ„ใงใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
09:05
to be everywhere, but look inside this, right? eng as in English, vid as in video.com, where
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎไธญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ engใ€video.com ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ vid ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใง
09:15
you'll get other lessons like this to help you improve your English. Rather quickly,
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ใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไธŠ้”ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชไป–ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ—ฉใใ€
09:19
I would say. That's right. Still teaching. Bye.
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็งใฏ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใ ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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