3 common conversation mistakes

181,248 views ใƒป 2012-08-01

ENGLISH with James


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi, James from EngVid. Special occasion here. Introducing Thomas the Turtle, your tutor.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€EngVid ใฎ James ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง็‰นๅˆฅใชๆฉŸไผšใ€‚ ใใ‹ใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:14
So Thomas is a tutoring turtle. Tutor means teacher. We have Mr. E, professor, with a
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใฏใ‚ซใƒกใฎๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใจใฏๆ•™ๅธซใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ˜ใƒ“ใฎๆป‘ใ‚Šๅฐใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸ E ๆ•™ๆŽˆใŒใ„
00:21
slide of snake. Common man, because he's kind of dirty as a snake. And now we have Thomas
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผ ใฏใƒ˜ใƒ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฑšใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠ
00:27
Turtle, tutor. Look for him. We're going to be doing some lessons on workbook. You'll
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ใ€ๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง
00:33
probably see Thomas Turtle, the tutor, on the workbook lessons, okay? Anyway, Thomas
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ใ€ๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใซไผšใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใจใซใ‹ใใ€Thomas
00:38
Turtle is going to introduce to you some very common English mistakes, because that's what
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Turtle ใŒ้žๅธธใซ ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ใ„ใใค
00:42
a tutor does. They look at mistakes that people make, and they try and help you after you've
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ใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไบบใ€…ใŒ็Šฏใ™้Žใกใ‚’่ฆ‹ ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ•™่จ“ใ‚’ๅญฆใ‚“ใ ๅพŒใซใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™
00:47
learned a lesson. Now, in this particular case, we're going to look at, one will be
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. ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใ€1 ใค
00:50
a pronunciation mistake. In English, we have stuff. Stuff. Whose stuff is this? And we
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ใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ ใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:01
have staff, okay? What's the difference? Students generally know when they see what the difference
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ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏ ๅคงไฝ“่ฆ‹ใ‚Œใฐ้•ใ„
01:07
is, but the pronunciation is difficult, and sometimes they get confused, or maybe you
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ใฏๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ้›ฃใ—ใใฆใ€ ๆ™‚ใ€…ๆททไนฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
01:12
don't even know what the word is. So let's go to the board. Okay, stuff in English are
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ไฝ•่ชžใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ ใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒ‰ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ“ใจใฏ
01:17
general things. When you have, like, books and pens and things on a table, someone may
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ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌ ใ‚„ใƒšใƒณใชใฉใ‚’ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ
01:22
say to you, "Whose stuff is this?" And in this case, they mean, "Whose things do these
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ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ชฐใฎใ‚‚ใฎ?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
01:27
belong to?" Or you can say, "This is my stuff." Usually, we don't use stuff for one person,
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ใฏ่ชฐใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธ
01:32
because you can't say, "This is my stuff." It doesn't make any sense, really. So what
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ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
01:37
we say is, "Stuff is for many things," or a few. "This is my stuff." This makes sense.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅคšใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ๅฐ‘ๆ•ฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚ใ‚Šใ€‚
01:43
It's not singular, okay? So, stuff is for general things that you have, and it doesn't
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ๅ˜ๆ•ฐใงใฏใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€stuff ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
01:49
matter what they are. They can be paper, or a book, or a pen. They're stuff. It's a nice
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็ด™ใงใ‚‚ ใ€ๆœฌใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒšใƒณใงใ‚‚ใ‹ใพใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„
01:55
catchphrase, or covers everything. Another thing for stuff is when you push something
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ ใ“ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹
02:01
hard into another thing, and it's not organized. So if I'm trying to stuff this in here, and
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ใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๆŠผใ—่พผใ‚€ใจใใซใ€็ต„็น”ๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ“ใ“ใซ่ฉฐใ‚่พผใ‚‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใ”่ฆงใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€
02:09
you can see, it's not organized. I'm just going to push, so stuff it in. It's not organized,
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ๆ•ด็†ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆŠผใ™ใ ใ‘ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฉฐใ‚่พผใ‚“ใงใ€‚ๆ•ด็†ๆ•ด้ “ใ—ใฆใชใ„
02:14
okay? So that's another thing. Sometimes stuff is for noun, general things. Sometimes stuff
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ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ‚‚ใฎ ใฏๅ่ฉžใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ‚‚ใฎ
02:20
is for verb, to push one thing into another thing, in not an organized way, using force,
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ใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใŸใ‚ใฎ ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€็ต„็น”ๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใงใฏใชใใ€ๅŠ›ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซ
02:26
okay?
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ๆŠผใ—่พผใ‚€ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:27
"Staff," oh, sorry, let me finish this one. "Stuff," if you do the pronunciation, kind
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ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€ŒStuffใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
02:34
of rhymes with "tough" and "bluff." "Tough" as in kind of strong, hard to break, and "bluff"
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ใ€Œtoughใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œbluffใ€ใจ้Ÿปใ‚’่ธใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅผทใ„ใ€ๅฃŠใ‚Œใซใใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ ใ€ใตใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใฆใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ—ใฆ
02:41
when you're pretending, bluffing. So if I say, "I'm going to kill you right now, right
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ใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็ง ใŒใ€ŒengVid ใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆไปŠใ™ใใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
02:46
through engVid," you go, "No, no, no, I'm just bluffing. I'm not going to do it. My
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ใ€‚
02:51
bluff is I don't have a gun, that's number one, and you're watching a video filmed five
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้Šƒใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ไธ€็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ 5 ใ‹ๆœˆๅ‰ใซๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„
02:55
months ago. You're cool. You're okay." So I'm bluffing. Usually use it in poker. People
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ็งใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใƒใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไบบใ€…
03:01
will bluff. They will pretend to have cards that they do not have to trick you. That's
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ใฏใฏใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ ใพใ™ๅฟ…่ฆใฎใชใ„ใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใตใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
03:05
bluff, and "tough" means hard to break. This pen is tough, strong. So "stuff," "tough,"
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใจใฏๅฃŠใ‚Œใซใใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ใƒšใƒณใฏใ‚ฟใƒ•ใงๅผทใ„ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใ€
03:12
"bluff," repeat. Again, "stuff," "tough," "bluff," repeat. And that's the difference
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œ
03:19
with "stuff" and pushing the verb.
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ใŒใ€Œstuffใ€ใจ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒ—ใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:22
"Staff," "staff," okay? "Staff," this is people who work in an office. When you go
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ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใจใฏ ใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใไบบใ€…ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:28
to the office, there's a secretary. "Hello, good morning. Welcome to engVid. How may I
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ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซ่กŒใใจใ€็ง˜ๆ›ธใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ ใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚engVid ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ใ”็”จไปถใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
03:32
help you?" And then there are people working in the office. They usually help some higher
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ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงๅƒใไบบใ€…ใŒใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธ
03:38
official like the president or another higher person in the office. That's called the "staff."
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ใ€ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้ซ˜ๅฎ˜ใ‚„ ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใฎไป–ใฎ้ซ˜ๅฎ˜ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:43
Who is your "staff," okay? Now, "staff" isn't just for that. It's also for offering assistance.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใฏ่ชฐใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใฏใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ๆ”ฏๆดใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:50
When you go to a store like McDonald's or a restaurant, there's restaurant staff. They
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ใƒžใ‚ฏใƒ‰ใƒŠใƒซใƒ‰ใ‚„ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใชใฉใซ่กŒใใจใ€ ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:55
come up, "Hi, can I help you? What would you like today?" They are serving you or offering
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ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใงใใพใ™ใ‹? ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใŒใ„ใ„ ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซไป•ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
03:59
you assistance. "Office" and "offer," two O's and F's. So the "staff" usually works
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆดๅŠฉใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ€ใจใ€Œใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใ€ใ€2 ใคใฎ O ใจ Fใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œstaffใ€ใฏ้€šๅธธ
04:04
with the "off," "off," "offer" and "assistance."
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ใ€ใ€Œoffใ€ใ€ใ€Œoffใ€ใ€ ใ€Œofferใ€ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€Œassistanceใ€ใจใจใ‚‚ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
The last thing, "stuff," which doesn't usually come up, or "staff," is this one. When somebody's
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๆ™ฎๆฎตๅ‡บใฆใ“ใชใ„ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฎใ€ ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใกใชใฟใซใ€่ชฐใ‹
04:12
walking and they have that stick, that's a "pimp walk," by the way. But usually older
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ใŒใใฎๆฃ’ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œใƒ’ใƒขๆญฉใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€้€šๅธธใ€ๅนด้…ใฎ
04:17
people have one, you know, an older person, kind of bent over. I know an old way to say
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ไบบใซใฏใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๆ›ฒใŒใฃใŸๅนด้…ใฎไบบ ใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€
04:23
this is "staff," his walking staff. And here we have "staff," "laugh," "math." So let's
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€ๅฝผใฎใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅคใ„่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ ใซใฏใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€Œ็ฌ‘ใ„ใ€ใ€Œๆ•ฐๅญฆใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
04:32
say it again. Ready? You can repeat. So "staff," "laugh," "math." That's the "ah" sound.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็ฌ‘ใ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ•ฐๅญฆใ€ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใ‚ใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
So the big difference when people have problems is usually the pronunciation, "ah" and "uh."
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไบบใŒๅ•้กŒใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฎๅคงใใช้•ใ„ ใฏใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใ€Œahใ€ใจใ€Œuhใ€ใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
So "stuff," "tough," "bluff," "uh." "Staff," "laugh," "math," "ah."
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฉใƒ•ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใˆใˆใจใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ€Œ็ฌ‘ใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œ็ฎ—ๆ•ฐใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใฃใ€ใ€‚
04:57
Next mistake. Thomas Turtle, tutor, going to help us with "will" and "would." Excuse
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ๆฌกใฎใƒŸใ‚นใ€‚ ๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซใฎใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใŒใ€ ใ€Œwillใ€ใจใ€Œwouldใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:04
me for a second. "Will," Thomas Turtle, "will" and "would." Of course, you've done grammar
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ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใ€ใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ€ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ ใจใ€Œใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸ
05:14
so you say, "James, I know this already. Why are you telling me?" It's not that you
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ใฎใงใ€ใ€Œใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚นใ€็งใฏใ™ใงใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
05:18
know it. It's the mistake you make with it. Generally, when students are thinking about
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ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใง็Šฏใ™้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆ
05:22
something they know will not happen, but they wish it would. Okay? So we should put "wish"
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ†ใชใฃใฆ ใปใ—ใ„ใจ้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ“ใซใ€Œ้ก˜ใ„ใ€ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใ
05:28
up here. They wish it would. They generally use "will" by accident. They say, "If I won
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้€šๅธธ ใ€ๅถ็„ถใซใ€Œwillใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ€ใ€Œ
05:34
a million dollars, I would buy a..." No, so my mistake. That's what you should say. They
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100 ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใ†ในใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰
05:39
would say, "I will buy a car." And then as a teacher, I have to say, "Do you have a million
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ใฏใ€Œ็งใฏ่ปŠใ‚’่ฒทใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๆ•™ๅธซใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ100 ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚’ใŠๆŒใกใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่žใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
05:44
dollars?" They say, "No, teacher, I don't." "Well, how will you buy a car?" "Oh, teacher,
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€็งใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ่ปŠใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใฎ๏ผŸใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€
05:49
what do you mean?" And it's usually forgetting this. "Will," there's a lesson on OPA. Please
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ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใ€OPA ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:55
check it out. And it explains the OPA for what "will" does. One of the things it does
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ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใ‚ฆใƒˆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œๆ„ๅฟ—ใ€ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ OPA ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Ž ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใฎ1ใคใฏ
06:00
is makes a promise. "I will help you." Right? "I'm promising to do this." Another thing
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ใ€็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ "็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€‚" ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็ด„ๆŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค
06:05
is the future. "I will go to the store in five minutes." So when you're saying this,
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ใฏใ€ๆœชๆฅใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ 5ๅˆ†ๅพŒใซๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒใงใใ‚‹
06:09
you're talking about actual things we believe we can do. While "would" does have a sense
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ใจไฟกใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ ใงใ™. ใ€Œwouldใ€ใซใฏใ€Œwillใ€ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
06:14
it's tied to "will," it's usually used as a conditional. And in conditionals, we're
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้€šๅธธใฏๆกไปถใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใง
06:19
saying, "If this, then this." And if this doesn't happen, this will not happen. So it's
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ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚
06:24
got more of an imaginary feel. There's no promise to it. We're saying it's based on
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ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅนปๆƒณ็š„ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใซ็ด„ๆŸใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:28
what will only happen if something else happens. We use it for the imaginary to say, "I can
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ไฝ•ใ‹ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใซใฎใฟ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
06:33
imagine it happening if these conditions are right." So if these conditions are right,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถใŒๆญฃใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใจๆƒณๅƒใงใ ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถใŒๆญฃใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
06:38
I can imagine this happening. If I saved a dollar a day, I would have a million dollars
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ 1 ๆ—ฅ 1 ใƒ‰ใƒซ่ฒฏใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ
06:46
in a million days. I can imagine this. It's not a fact. I'm not going to do it. So students
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ใ€100 ไธ‡ๆ—ฅใง 100 ไธ‡ใƒ‰ใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ ใฏไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏ
06:53
often get it wrong. Try not to. So if somebody says to you, "I know you don't like your wife.
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ใ‚ˆใ้–“้•ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—่ชฐใ‹ ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฅฅใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’ๅฅฝใใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:58
What would you do to make yourself happy?" If you say, "I will kill her," you'll hear,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅนธใ›ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’ๆฎบใ—ใฆใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
07:03
"Wow," and the police will arrest your ass. I said a bad word. They will arrest your bottom.
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ใ€Œใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ใจ่žใ“ใˆใ€่ญฆๅฏŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๅฐปใ‚’้€ฎๆ•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ง ใฏๆ‚ชใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅบ•ใ‚’้€ฎๆ•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:10
But if you said, "I would kill her to make myself happier," then we go, "Oh, that's not
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจๅนธใ›ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’ๆฎบใ™ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃ ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
07:14
very nice." But you won't go to jail, boys and girls. That's the important part. So keep
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‰ฏใใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅˆ‘ๅ‹™ๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็”ทใฎๅญ ใจๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
07:20
that in mind. If it's imaginary and it's not real, not actual, you don't plan on doing
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆƒณๅƒไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€็พๅฎŸใงใ‚‚็พๅฎŸใงใ‚‚ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ไบˆๅฎš
07:24
it, you're not making a promise, use "would." So I said "okay" too many times. I'm changing
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ใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€็ด„ๆŸใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€"would" ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ€Œๅคงไธˆๅคซใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏ
07:29
my word. Finally, thank you students all over the world. One day I had to walk to my boss's
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่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ—ฅใ€็งใฏไธŠๅธใฎใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใซๆญฉใ„ใฆ
07:37
office and get corrected in English because I heard the student say this so many times
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่กŒใใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใง่จ‚ๆญฃใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ— ใŸ.็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€
07:42
I thought it was English until I had to think about it and go, "I'm confused now." I'm going
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่€ƒใˆใฆ ใ€ŒไปŠๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
07:47
to fix you so you never do this to me again. All of you, never again. Okay, you cannot
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไบŒๅบฆใจ็งใซใ“ใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็›ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฟใชใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไบŒๅบฆใจใ€‚
07:54
use "near to." You may say, "I hear 'near to' all the time, teacher." Or, "I've heard
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ใ€Œnear toใ€ใฏไฝฟใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใซใ€่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใšใฃใจ
08:00
'near to' for my whole life." That's because you're not educated. There's no such thing.
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ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใ€ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ•™่‚ฒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:07
It's when people take two different things and put them together and think they both
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ 2 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰
08:10
mean "close," so we'll just say it. These two things are this, "close to" and "near."
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ใ‚‚ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใจใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใฎ2ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
08:18
Easily confused to correct "near to," I understand why students do it, because you've got "near"
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ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใซใ€ใจใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใซใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅญฆ็”ŸใŒใชใœใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็†่งฃใงใใพใ™
08:24
and "close to." They almost mean the same thing about distances, so, "Hey, why don't
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ใ€‚ ่ท้›ขใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใชใฎใงใ€ใ€Œใญใˆใ€
08:29
we make super English? Yay, put them together." Okay? No, cannot do it, son. It's wrong.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚’ไฝœใ‚ใ†ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใฎ? ใ‚คใ‚งใƒผใ‚คใ€ใพใจใ‚ใฆใ€. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆฏๅญใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:37
By the way, I want to thank Ray for that. That's my new thing, "son." Okay, son, let's
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใƒฌใ‚คใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใŸใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ€Œๆฏๅญใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๆฏๅญใ‚ˆ
08:42
go to the board. "Close to" means not exact, right? Approximate. We usually use it for
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ใ€็†ไบ‹ไผšใซ่กŒใ“ใ†ใ€‚ ใ€Œใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใฏๆญฃ็ขบใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ่ฟ‘ไผผใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ้€šๅธธใ€
08:49
"near," and we usually use it for quantity. Close to 15 people came to my house. Maybe
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ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใ€ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€้€šๅธธใฏ้‡ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ 15ไบบ่ฟ‘ใใŒ็งใฎๅฎถใซๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŸใถใ‚“
08:54
12, maybe 20. I'm not sure, but it was close to. It's approximate. Okay? Next, here's one
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12ใ€ๅคšๅˆ†20ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใ‚Œใซ่ฟ‘ใ‹ใฃ ใŸใ€‚ ใŠใŠใ‚ˆใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๆฌกใซใ€
09:00
we use for, usually use for relationships, "more than near." If I'm close to someone,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ€้€šๅธธใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่ชฐใ‹ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
09:06
it means I like them a lot and we have a very emotionally tight relationship or strong relationship.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒใใฎไบบใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅฝใใงใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใซ้žๅธธใซ ็ทŠๅฏ†ใช้–ขไฟ‚ใพใŸใฏๅผทใ„้–ขไฟ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
09:14
So if I say he's close to his mother, he really loves her because they're close. Not close
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒๅฝผใŒๆฏ่ฆชใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใจ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผใฏๆฏ่ฆช ใŒ่ฟ‘ใใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝผๅฅณใ‚’ๆ„›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
09:18
to his mother, they don't like each other. Cool? So close to someone means emotionally
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ๅฝผใฎๆฏ่ฆชใจใฏ่ฆชใ—ใใชใ„ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใŠไบ’ใ„ใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใชใ„. ใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผŸ ่ชฐใ‹ใซใจใฆใ‚‚่ฟ‘ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใซ
09:23
strong bond. Next, the easy one, distance. This is close to my house. America is close
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ๅผทใ„็ต†ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใช่ท้›ขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใฏ็งใฎๅฎถใฎ่ฟ‘ใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฏ
09:31
to Canada. Check on a map, and if you still can't find it, you need to get another map.
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ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€‚ ๅœฐๅ›ณใง็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅˆฅใฎๅœฐๅ›ณใ‚’ๅ…ฅๆ‰‹ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:36
All right, "near." In this case, "near" and "close to" are the same. That's why I understand
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใจ ใ€Œ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€ใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ
09:41
why students make this mistake, because it's near time for me to end this class. It's coming
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ใ€็งใฏใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใŒใ“ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™็†็”ฑใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
09:45
up in a second. But near, you know, near 5 o'clock means close to 5 o'clock. You can
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ใ™ใใซๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ 5ๆ™‚่ฟ‘ใใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€5ๆ™‚่ฟ‘ใใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
09:51
change it. Or it's near my place, close to my place. They're similar here in distance.
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ๅค‰ๆ›ดใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€็งใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใใ€็งใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ่ท้›ขใŒไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:57
But one thing near can do, close to can't do, is move. It's a verb. It has a verb use.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใค ใฏใ€็งปๅ‹•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็”จๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:04
"As the day drew near," right? It means come closer, closer, closer. He neared the ceiling,
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ใ€Œใใฎๆ—ฅใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ€่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆ ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏๅคฉไบ•ใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใ€่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆ
10:15
getting close, movement. So near means movement. This one doesn't. Okay? So now you know the
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ใ€ๅ‹•ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฟ‘ใใฏๅ‹•ใใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
10:20
basic meanings for this, and you know never to say near to again. I know you had near
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ไบŒๅบฆใจ่ฟ‘ๅฏ„ใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅฎŒ็’งใซ่ฟ‘ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
10:25
to perfect English, but you don't, son. Okay? Close to and near, then I know it's good.
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ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ๆฏๅญใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่ฟ‘ใใฆ่ฟ‘ใใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ„ใ„ใฃใฆใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ€‚
10:31
Quick review, and then we'll be done. This video has been brought to you by the staff
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็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏใ€engVid ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•
10:35
of engVid. We like to put stuff in there that you can learn from. Okay? Stuff, remember,
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ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๆไพ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใใ“ใซ็ฝฎใใฎใŒๅฅฝใ ใงใ™. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•
10:41
things, staff, people who help or assist you. Next, we would like to help you further. We
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ใ€ใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ•ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‚ŠๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:46
can imagine doing so, and we will if you come to the site. Imagine, promise. See, we promise
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซๆฅใ‚Œใฐใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็ด„ๆŸใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰ใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
10:51
to help you. Finally, close to and near. Close to 5 million people have seen this video.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ด„ๆŸใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€่ฟ‘ใ„ใจ่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€‚ 500ไธ‡ไบบ่ฟ‘ใใŒใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’่ฆ‹ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:57
By the time you see it, it'll be nearer to, let's see, I used the verb form, actually
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹้ ƒใซใฏใ€ไธ–็•Œใฎไบบๅฃ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ100ๅ„„ไบบใซ่ฟ‘ใ„ๅ‹•่ฉžๅฝขใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๆฏ”่ผƒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
11:01
comparative form, nearer to maybe 10 billion, like the population of the world. We can only
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏไบบใ‚’้ก˜ใ†ใ“ใจใ—ใ‹ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
11:06
wish people. Anyway, thank you very much. This has been a production with James and
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ใ€‚ ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใƒผใƒ ใ‚บใจใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ถใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅˆถไฝœใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎ
11:12
Thomas the Turtle, the new tutoring turtle, and please go to www. where's that? www.eng,
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ใงใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ซใƒกใฎๅฎถๅบญๆ•™ๅธซ ใงใ™ใ€‚www. ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ www.eng
11:19
as in English, vid, as in video,.com, where you'll meet me, Thomas the Turtle, Slidesnake,
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ vidใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€.com ใงใฏใ€ ็งใ€ใƒˆใƒผใƒžใ‚นใƒปใ‚ถใƒปใ‚ฟใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ€ใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚นใƒใƒผใ‚ฏใ€
11:26
and Mr. E. Have a good day. Don't forget the stuff I taught you.
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E ๆฐใซไผšใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ„ไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’ใ€‚ ็งใŒๆ•™ใˆใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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