Simple but useful words in English: STILL, YET, ALWAYS, ALREADY... -- Learn them!

80,528 views ใƒป 2017-09-02

Benjaminโ€™s English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Welcome back to engVid. Today we are looking at some short words that we really need to
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engVid ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฟ…่ฆใช็Ÿญใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ
00:06
be able to use accurately to help you with your English.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:10
Today is aimed at beginners who have particular problems with these words:
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
00:13
"still", "yet", "always", "already",
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ใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œๅธธใซใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ™ใงใซใ€ใ€
00:16
"no longer", "not quite", "nearly".
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ ๅฎŒๅ…จใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซ็‰นใซๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅˆๅฟƒ่€…ใ‚’ๅฏพ่ฑกใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ€่‘‰
00:19
There are several different ways of using these words. This video aims to show you how.
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ใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏใ€ใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็›ฎ็š„ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:26
Okay, we have a situation. Benjamin has found himself looking for other work.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็ŠถๆณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใฏ ไป–ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:34
He needs to get a new job in a garden of... In a hotel garden. Okay?
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ๅฝผใฏๅบญใงๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ... ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฎๅบญใงใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:40
So, off I go, I'm going along to the interview.
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ใงใฏ ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใซๅŒ่กŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:45
And I know that the first question they're going to ask me is:
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็งใซๆœ€ๅˆใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใฏ
00:49
"So, why do you want to work here?" They always ask it, let's face it.
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ใ€ใ€Œใงใฏใ€ใชใœใ“ใ“ใงๅƒใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ™ใ€ใใ‚Œใซ็›ด้ขใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:54
So, preparing for my interview, I'm going to try to use this word "still" in not one, not two, not three,
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใจใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ 1 ใคใ€2 ใคใ€3 ใคใงใฏ
01:01
but four different ways; as an adjective, a conjunction, a noun, and as a verb. Do you think I can do it?
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ใชใใ€4 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉž ใ€ๅ่ฉžใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ€‚ ็งใซใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:08
Yeah, come on. Right. So first of all, I can use it as a describing word. Okay?
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ใˆใˆใ€ใ•ใ‚ใ€‚ ๅณใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:15
So, "still" means lovely, calm, and quiet. Or as a conjunction, so I'm saying something,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฏใ€็ด ๆ•ตใงใ€็ฉใ‚„ใ‹ใงใ€้™ใ‹ใชใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใง
01:22
and then I change my mind. I say: "Still", and then I go off by saying something totally
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ใ€ๆฐ—ใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ€Œใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใพใฃใŸใ้•ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ„ๅง‹ใ‚
01:26
different. I could use it as a noun, but then I will be using "stillness", a sense of stillness.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ ้™ๅฏ‚ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œ้™ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:33
Okay? And I can use it as a verb, meaning to make quiet.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€้™ใ‹ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:39
Okay, so off I trot along to the interview, feeling pretty good, I think I can do it.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใซๆฒฟใฃใฆๆญฉใๅง‹ใ‚ ใพใ—ใŸ.
01:44
And they say to me: "So, Benjamin, why do you want to work here?" And I say:
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ“ใ“ใงๅƒใใŸใ„ใฎ?ใ€ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš
01:48
"Well, it's a lovely place. I really enjoy the... The still atmosphere that is in the garden.
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ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™.็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ...ๅบญใซใ‚ใ‚‹้™ใ‹ใช้›ฐๅ›ฒๆฐ—.
01:55
I can imagine working here, definitely.
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็งใฏใ“ใ“ใงๅƒใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™.
01:59
Still, I do have a few concerns and reservations that I would like to speak to you about."
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:06
And they say: "Oh yes, yes, tell us, Benjamin, what are they?"
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ่จ€ใ†๏ผšใ€Œใใ†ใใ†ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ๆ•™ใˆ ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
02:09
Doo-doo-doo-doo-doo-doo.
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ใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚ฅใƒผใ€‚
02:13
Now I need to use "still" as a noun.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ‚’ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:17
"But overall, I really do love the... The sense of stillness that is to be found in these beautiful gardens."
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ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ…จไฝ“ใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™... ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็พŽใ—ใ„ๅบญๅœ’ใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹้™ใ‘ใ•ใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใ€‚ใ€
02:27
Okay? And then I go: "Okay, and I will remember to still my voice when I'm around the guests
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
02:34
so that they can relax." Okay. Still, we've done it. Let's move on to "yet".
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:42
Okay, so "yet" is an adverb that basically means "but", or if you prefer: "in spite of".
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใฏๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ ใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
02:51
I can also use "yet" in this phrase: "As of yet", meaning: "So far this is what's happened".
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ใ“ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ ใพใ ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:57
Okay? So, the interview panel-okay?-the few people asking me the questions say to me:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใงใ€้ขๆŽฅๅง”ๅ“กไผš-ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹- ็งใซ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ•ฐไบบใŒ็งใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš
03:08
"Benjamin, you don't seem to have much experience as a gardener. What makes you think that you can actually do this job?"
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ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅบญๅธซใจใ—ใฆใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใŒใ‚ใพใ‚Šใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ“ใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†็†็”ฑใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€
03:15
And I say: "Well, it may look like that from my CV, my curriculum vitae,
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œ ็งใฎๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ‚„ๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏใใ†่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใฏไฝ™ๆš‡ใซๅธธใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใง
03:22
yet I do actually have quite a lot of experience because I've always been doing this in my spare time.
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ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎ็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’็ฉใ‚“
03:32
As of yet, I may not have much formal experience, but that does
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ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ ๆญฃๅผใช็ตŒ้จ“ใ‚’
03:39
not mean that I do not have the skills that I need."
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ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒๅฟ…่ฆใจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ€
03:43
Okay? So: "yet" meaning "but", and
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ ใฏใ€Œใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใจไธ€็ท’
03:47
"so far" if it's used with "as of yet".
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ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:50
"Always" you're probably familiar with. It means forever.
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ใ€Œๅธธใซใ€ใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฐธ้ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:54
"I have always been gardening. It's a passion.
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใšใฃใจใ‚ฌใƒผใƒ‡ใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆƒ…็†ฑใงใ™
03:58
I really enjoy it, finding about the names of plants, etc."
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ใ€‚ๆค็‰ฉใฎๅๅ‰ใชใฉใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ใ€
04:01
Kind of, I'm just saying it for the interview.
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ไธ€ๅฟœใ€้ขๆŽฅใง่จ€ใฃใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:04
"Already" meaning before expected. "I have already learnt how to... I have already had
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ใ€Œใ™ใงใซใ€ใฏใ€ไบˆๅฎšใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏ ใ™ใงใซๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ...็งใฏ
04:16
a good look around the garden and I know what goes where, and when the plants come into bloom."
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ใ™ใงใซๅบญใ‚’่ฆ‹ๅ›žใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ไฝ• ใŒใฉใ“ใซ่กŒใใ€ใ„ใคๆค็‰ฉใŒๅ’ฒใใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:23
See, I'm doing a good job of blagging here, aren't I? Okay.
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ใปใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใ“ใ“ใง่‡ชๆ…ข่ฉฑใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ— ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
04:27
"No longer", what does that mean? Well, two sort of differences, firstly to do with time.
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†ใชใ„ใ€ใฃใฆใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ๏ผŸ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€2 ็จฎ้กžใฎ้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใšใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
04:34
Okay? Once something was and now it is not. For example:
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‹ใคใฆใฏใใ†ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผš
04:42
"I am no longer working as a driver. I was working as a driver,
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚‚ใ†้‹่ปขๆ‰‹ใจใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏ้‹่ปขๆ‰‹ใจใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
04:49
but now I am not so I want to work as a gardener."
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ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใง ใ€ๅบญๅธซใจใ—ใฆๅƒใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:55
And the second meaning of "no longer" is to talk about distance.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ใ€ใฎ็ฌฌไบŒใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใฏใ€่ท้›ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:00
The interview panel ask me, they say:
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฎใƒ‘ใƒใƒซ ใŒ็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใจใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™:
05:04
"Benjamin, you seem to have a long commute here", a long commute, a journey into work. Yeah.
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ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ“ใง้•ทใ„้€šๅ‹คใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€ ใ€้•ทใ„้€šๅ‹คใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใธใฎๆ—…ใ€‚ ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:09
Well, I say: "It's not longer than a couple of miles, no, I can do it easily. No problem".
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็งใฏใ€ใ€Œ2 ใƒžใ‚คใƒซไปฅๅ†…ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใ‚„ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
"No longer than", meaning it's not more than. Next phrase: "not quite". Here we're referring to an amount or an ability.
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ใ€ŒไปฅไธŠใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ๏ผš ใ€Œใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€้‡ใพใŸใฏ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
So they might say to me... What could they say?
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใซ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
05:33
"Benjamin, what are your expectations from us?" and I could say:
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ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏ็งใŸใกใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€
05:39
"Well, I'm not quite sure what you mean by that." It means:
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ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆฌกใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™๏ผš
05:43
"Not quite... I'm not totally sure." So, this is more to do with ability.
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ใ€Œใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“...็งใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซใฏ็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใจ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:48
"I'm not totally sure what you mean by that question."
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใฎ่ณชๅ•ใงไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใ‹ใ€็งใซใฏใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ€
05:52
Amount: -"Have you got 20 pounds?" -"Not quite. I've got 19 pounds." Okay?
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้‡‘้ก: -ใ€Œ20 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ -ใ€Œใใ†ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ ใ€‚19ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่ƒฝๅŠ›
06:01
Let's think of another use of ability.
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ใฎๅˆฅใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
06:06
-"Can you play the oboe really well?" -"Not quite, but I'm trying."
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ใ€Œใ‚ชใƒผใƒœใ‚จใฏ ไธŠๆ‰‹ใซๅนใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ -ใ€Œใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€่ฉฆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
06:13
Okay, we're on to "nearly". Here we are referring to time, amount, or ability. Okay.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใซ้€ฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใ€้‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
06:24
My first day... I managed to get that job, by the way. Thanks very much. Yeah, thanks. But my first
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็งใฎๅˆๆ—ฅโ€ฆใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€็งใฏใชใ‚“ใจใ‹ใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ
06:30
day I arrived to work late and they say: "Benjamin, late? You're meant to be here at 8 o'clock,
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ๆ—ฅใ€็งใฏ้…ใ‚Œใฆๅ‡บ็คพใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
06:35
it's 8:02." And I say: "Well, I nearly got here on time."
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใพใ‚ ใ€ใปใผๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚Šใซ็€ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:41
Amount, I come in from my coffee
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ใ‚ขใƒžใ‚ฆใƒณใƒˆใ€็งใŒ
06:44
break after the first morning and they say: "Benjamin, have you finished that flower bed?"
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆœใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใƒ–ใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‹ใ‚‰ๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ใ‚ใฎ่Šฑๅฃ‡ใฏใ‚‚ใ†็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
06:49
And I said: "Not quite, but nearly. I've nearly finished it."
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸ๏ผšใ€ŒๅฎŒๅ…จใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ใปใผๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใปใผๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ€
06:57
And thirdly, let's think of
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ใใ—ใฆ็ฌฌไธ‰ใซใ€
07:00
another usage here, ability. They say to me:
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅˆฅใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ€่ƒฝๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใซใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš
07:03
"Benjamin, have you learnt how to prune (to cut) the rosebush?" And I say:
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ใ€Œใƒ™ใƒณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒŸใƒณใ€ใƒใƒฉใฎๆœจใ‚’ๅ‰ชๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹๏ผˆๅˆ‡ใ‚‹๏ผ‰ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็ฟ’ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ๏ผŸใ€ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผš
07:11
"Nearly. Give me another week and I'll be able to do that rosebush."
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ†ใ™ใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€้€ฑ้–“ ๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใ‚ใฎใƒใƒฉใฎๆœจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:15
Okay, so: "still", yeah, all of these different uses of it. It's the sense of calm, but it's
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใง: ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฎใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใช ็”จ้€”ใฎใ™ในใฆใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ่ฝใก็€ใ„ใŸๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใงใ™ใŒ
07:23
also the conjunction. "Yet", meaning "but". "As of yet", so far I haven't quite done this.
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ใ€็ตๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ใฏใ€Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใพใ ใ€ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใฏ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:30
"Always", forever. I've always been doing this. I've "already" done that-yeah?-before
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"ใ„ใคใ‚‚ๆฐธ้ ใซใ€‚ ็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ๅ‰ใซใ€็งใฏใ€Œใ™ใงใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ-ใˆใˆ?-
07:37
you thought I would. "No longer", talking about time and distance. "Not quite", I haven't
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ใ€ใ€ ๆ™‚้–“ใจ่ท้›ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
07:44
quite done that, but nearly. I've "nearly" done it, and "nearly" can refer to time and
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ใใ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใปใผใ€ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใปใผใ€ใฏใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใจ
07:49
amount, or an ability.
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้‡ใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:52
Go forth and use these words, and I will see you in the next video.
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ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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