'Owe', 'lend' and 'borrow' - Learners' Questions

47,411 views ใƒป 2017-06-30

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi guys! Dan from BBC Learning English here with this week's Learner Question. Find out
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช๏ผ BBC ใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ€ใƒณใŒใ€ ไปŠ้€ฑใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ๅ‘ใ‘่ณชๅ•ใงใ“ใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:05
what it is after this.
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ใ“ใฎๅพŒใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:11
OK! This week's Learner Question comes from Omar from Somalia, who asks: How can I use
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผ ไปŠ้€ฑใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใธใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏใ€ ใ‚ฝใƒžใƒชใ‚ขใฎ Omar ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฐ‹ใญ
00:24
the word owe when I lend someone some money? Do I say I owe you $20 or do I say you owe
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ 20 ใƒ‰ใƒซๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใซ 20 ใƒ‰ใƒซๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
00:31
me $20? How do I use this word in both ways such as when I borrow money from someone or
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ใ‹? ่ชฐใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใพใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฒธใ™ใจใใชใฉใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ไธกๆ–นใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใซใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„
00:38
also when I lend someone some money? Wow, Omar. Thatโ€™s one heck of a question. Letโ€™s
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ†ใ‚ใƒผใ€ ใ‚ชใƒžใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:43
see if we can answer it for you, ok?
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็ญ”ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:45
So, if you borrow something, you take it from somebody for a limited time. The preposition
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€ๆœŸ้–“้™ๅฎšใง่ชฐใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž
00:51
is from. For example, I borrowed ยฃ5 from my brother. Or, many of his ideas are borrowed
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ใฏfromใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฏๅ…„ใ‹ใ‚‰ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅฝผใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฎๅคšใใฏ
01:00
from other sources.
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ไป–ใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑๆบใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ€Ÿ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:02
Now for lend. Lend is give, you give something to someone for a short or limited period of
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ใงใฏ่ฒธๅ‡บใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ฒธใ™ใ“ใจใฏไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ŸญๆœŸ้–“ใพใŸใฏ้™ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸ
01:08
time, but theyโ€™re expected to return it! It has two objects. You lend something to
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ๆœŸ้–“ใ ใ‘ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™! ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:13
someone or you lend somebody something. For example, my brother lent ยฃ5 to me. Thatโ€™s
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่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฒธใ™ใ‹ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ฒธใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ…„ใฏ็งใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฒธใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
01:21
verb, direct object and indirect object. Notice the preposition to - ยฃ5 to me. Or, my brother
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใ€้–“ๆŽฅ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž - ยฃ5 to me ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ…„ใŒ
01:31
lent me ยฃ5. Thatโ€™s verb, indirect object and direct object. No preposition. Money is
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็งใซ5ใƒใƒณใƒ‰่ฒธใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€้–“ๆŽฅ็›ฎ็š„่ชž ใ€็›ดๆŽฅ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใชใ—ใ€‚ ใŠ้‡‘ใฏ
01:39
lent by banks to people.
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้Š€่กŒใ‹ใ‚‰ไบบใ€…ใซ่ฒธใ—ๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
Now for owe. Owe is what must be returned. It results from the borrowing or lending.
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ไปŠใ€ๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฏ่ฟ”ใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŸใ‚Š่ฒธใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใŸ็ตๆžœใงใ™ใ€‚
01:51
It can also have two objects. So you owe somebody something or you owe something to somebody.
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2 ใคใฎใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:59
And thereโ€™s no difference. So, using our previous example, I borrowed
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ใใ—ใฆ้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ‰ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€
02:03
ยฃ5 from my brother so I owe my brother ยฃ5. Or, my brother lent me ยฃ5 so I owe ยฃ5 to
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็งใฏๅ…„ใ‹ใ‚‰ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŸใฎใงใ€ๅผŸใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ…„ใŒ็งใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰่ฒธใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€็งใฏๅ…„ใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆ
02:12
my brother. And you can change it if you want to. So, I borrowed ยฃ5 from my brother so
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใฏๅ…„ใ‹ใ‚‰5ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚ŠใŸใฎใง
02:18
I owe ยฃ5 to my brother. Or, my brother lent me ยฃ5 so I owe my brother ยฃ5. And itโ€™s
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ใ€ๅ…„ใซ5ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ…„ใŒ ็งใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰่ฒธใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€็งใฏๅ…„ใซ 5 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
02:26
all the same! So, donโ€™t stress.
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ใ™ในใฆๅŒใ˜ใงใ™๏ผ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:29
I hope that answers your question Omar. Thank you very much for writing to us. If anybody
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ”้€ฃ็ตกใ„ใŸใ ใ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:34
else out there has a question for Learnersโ€™ Questions, you can email us on: [email protected].
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ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€[email protected] ใพใง ใƒกใƒผใƒซใงใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปถๅใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
02:41
Please remember to include Learnersโ€™ Questions in the subject box and your name and where
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ใซๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใจใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅๅ‰ใจใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซๅซใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:45
youโ€™re writing from. Now, we get a lot of emails, guys, so we canโ€™t possibly answer
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ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€็งใŸใกใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ™ในใฆใซ่ฟ”ไฟกใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ
02:49
all of them, but we do read every single one. And for more information, go to our website
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ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒกใƒผใƒซใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ๅฝ“็คพใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ
02:53
bbclearningenglish.com. Thatโ€™s it for this weekโ€™s Learnersโ€™ Questions. Iโ€™ll see
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bbclearningenglish.com ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠ้€ฑใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸไผšใ„
02:58
you next time. Bye!
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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