Grammar: More advanced learner mistakes - BBC English Masterclass

48,813 views ใƒป 2016-10-31

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi guys! Dan for BBC Learning English here. In this session, we'll be taking a look at
0
260
4960
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใฟใ‚“ใช๏ผ BBCใƒฉใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใฎใƒ€ใƒณใฏใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ปใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใฏใ€
00:05
advanced learner mistakes part two. Go and come, take and bring. Are you ready? Cue music.
1
5220
6640
ไธŠ็ดšๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆ 2 ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่กŒใฃใฆ ๆฅใฆใ€ๅ–ใฃใฆๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ญใƒฅใƒผใƒŸใƒฅใƒผใ‚ธใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€‚
00:17
"Please come here and bring that umbrella. No I can't, I have to go home. I mustn't forget
2
17540
7640
ใ€Œใ“ใ“ใซๆฅใฆใ€ใใฎๅ‚˜ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚้ตใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“
00:25
to take my keys."
3
25190
2510
ใ€‚ใ€
00:27
Now, these verb pairs seem simple, but in fact many advanced learners still confuse
4
27700
6179
ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏๅ˜็ด”ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅคšใใฎไธŠ็ดšๅญฆ็ฟ’่€…ใŒใพใ ๆททไนฑ
00:33
them. In English, the choice depends upon the position of the speaker or listener when
5
33879
5410
ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™. ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ
00:39
the speaker is talking. Come and bring are approaching verbs. They represent movement
6
39289
6061
ใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใพใŸใฏ่žใๆ‰‹ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ้ธๆŠžใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ come ใจ bring ใฏ ๆŽฅ่ฟ‘ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
00:45
towards the place where the speaker or listener is when the speaker is talking. For example:
7
45350
7180
ใฏใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใพใŸใฏ่žใๆ‰‹ใฎใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใธใฎๅ‹•ใใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผš
00:52
"Please come to my house this evening and bring a bottle of Cola. Please come to my
8
52530
9969
ใ€ŒไปŠๆ™ฉ็งใฎๅฎถใซๆฅใฆใ€ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒฉใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ไปŠๆ™ฉ็งใฎๅฎถใซๆฅใฆใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒฉใฎใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
01:02
house this evening and bring a bottle of Cola."
9
62499
2871
ใ€‚ใ€
01:05
The speaker is at the house and the listener is approaching and bringing the Cola. But,
10
65370
7520
่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใฏๅฎถใซใ„ใฆใ€่žใๆ‰‹ ใฏ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ‚ณใƒผใƒฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
01:12
different example: "Are you still sick? Can I come and see you? I can bring some aspirin."
11
72890
15780
ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹: ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใฏใพใ ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹ ? ไผšใ„ใซๆฅใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ขใ‚นใƒ”ใƒชใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
01:28
The speaker is moving TO the listener's position and bringing the aspirin with them.
12
88670
5990
่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใฏ่žใๆ‰‹ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ— ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚นใƒ”ใƒชใƒณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:34
Go and take are departing verbs. They represent movements away from where the speaker or listener
13
94660
5520
go ใจ take ใฏๅ‡บ็™บๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰
01:40
is when the speaker is talking. For example: "John, I always go back to Brazil once a year.
14
100180
10220
ใฏใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ใพใŸใฏ่žใๆ‰‹ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‹•ใใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผš ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ๅนดใซไธ€ๅบฆใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซๅธฐใ‚Š
01:50
I like to take my family gifts." The speaker and the listener are NOT in Brazil. The movement
15
110400
7690
ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฎถๆ—ใธใฎ่ดˆใ‚Š็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใฎใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ่ฉฑใ—ๆ‰‹ ใจ่žใๆ‰‹ใฏใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ‹•ใ
01:58
is away from their position and so is the object.
16
118090
4470
ใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚‚ใใ†ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:02
Another example: "John, can you go to the shop for me and buy some bread? Take this
17
122560
9899
ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹: ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ€ ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใƒ‘ใƒณใ‚’่ฒทใฃใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹? ใ“ใฎ
02:12
money to pay." The speaker and listener are NOT in the shop. The movement is away from
18
132459
6601
ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใฏ ๅบ—ใซใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๅ‹•ใใฏ
02:19
their position.
19
139060
1330
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‹ใ‚‰้›ขใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
Remember that these verbs can also apply for movements that take place in the past or the
20
140390
4790
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใพใŸใฏๆœชๆฅใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅ‹•ใใซใ‚‚้ฉ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:25
future. So, for example: "When I was in hospital, why didn't you come and visit me?" or, "I
21
145180
7209
ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ็งใŒๅ…ฅ้™ข ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ€ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใŠ่ฆ‹่ˆžใ„ใซๆฅใฆใใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œ
02:32
think tomorrow night I'll go to the cinema."
22
152389
3190
ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใ€ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:35
And these verbs can be combined. Check this out: "I think tomorrow night I'll go to the
23
155579
18431
ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผšใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎๅคœใ€
02:54
cinema. I've got to take my loyalty card for a discount. Would you like to come? You can
24
174010
6009
ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‰ฒๅผ•ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ ใ„ใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸๅ‹้”ใ‚’้€ฃใ‚Œใฆใใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™
03:00
bring a friend."
25
180019
1741
ใ€‚ใ€
03:01
Have you got it? She got it! Now for more information check out bbclearningenglish.com.
26
181760
6720
ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ๏ผ ่ฉณ็ดฐ ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€bbclearningenglish.com ใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:08
I've been Dan, you've been awesome. See you next time - let's go to the cinema.
27
188480
4329
็งใฏใƒ€ใƒณใงใ—ใŸใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸไผšใ„ ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† - ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7