Octopuses and fish work together: BBC Learning English from the News

4,272 views ใƒป 2025-05-07

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
From BBC Learning English
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BBC Learning English ใฎ
00:02
this is learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถ ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
00:07
In this programme,
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ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏใ€
00:08
the strange way that octopuses and fish work together.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ้ญšใŒไธๆ€่ญฐใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง ๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ๅˆใ†ๆง˜ๅญใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:15
Hello, I'm Neil.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
00:16
And I'm Pippa.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใƒ”ใƒƒใƒ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:18
In this programme, we look at one news story
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ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏใ€ 1ใคใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น่จ˜ไบ‹
00:20
and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.
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ใจใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:24
You can find all the vocabulary and headlines from this episode,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใจ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ€
00:28
as well as a worksheet on our website:
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณ ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใฏใ€ๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ (
00:30
bbclearningenglish.com.
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bbclearningenglish.com) ใงใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:33
So let's hear more about this story.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ“ใฎ่ฉฑใซใคใ„ใฆใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ่žใ‹ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:40
Scientists have discovered fish
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็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฏใ€้ญš
00:42
and octopuses that work together to hunt for food.
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ใจใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒ ๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆ้คŒใ‚’็‹ฉใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:47
During dives in the Red sea,
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็ด…ๆตทใงใฎๆฝœๆฐดไธญใ€
00:49
a team of scientists filmed octopuses and fish for 120 hours.
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็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฏ 120ๆ™‚้–“ใซใ‚ใŸใฃใฆใ‚ฟใ‚ณใ‚„้ญšใ‚’ๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:54
They say the videos show octopuses, which are usually thought of
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ๅ‹•็”ปใซใฏใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏ
00:58
as solitary creatures, working together with other fish to catch more food,
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ๅ˜็‹ฌใง่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹็”Ÿใ็‰ฉใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒใ€ๅฐ้ญšใ‚„่ฒ้กžใชใฉใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ้คŒใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไป–ใฎ้ญšใจๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใŒๆ˜ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
01:03
like small fish and shellfish.
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ใ€‚
01:06
Let's have our first headline.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:08
This one's from Nature, an academic science magazine.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅญฆ่ก“็ง‘ๅญฆ้›‘่ชŒใ€Žใƒใ‚คใƒใƒฃใƒผใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
01:12
Octopuses and fish caught on camera hunting as a team.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ้ญšใŒ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใง็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใŒๆ‰ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:17
And that headline again from Nature,
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ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ€
01:19
that's an academic science magazine.
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ๅญฆ่ก“็ง‘ๅญฆ้›‘่ชŒใ€Žใƒใ‚คใƒใƒฃใƒผใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๅผ•็”จใงใ™ใ€‚
01:21
Octopuses and fish caught on camera hunting as a team.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ้ญšใŒ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใง็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใŒๆ‰ใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:27
We're looking at the phrase caught on camera.
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ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซๆ‰ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:30
And this is talking about the videos that the scientists took
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใŒ
01:33
as part of their research.
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็ ”็ฉถใฎไธ€็’ฐใจใ—ใฆๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚
01:35
So we have caught, which is the past of the verb to catch.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€catch ใฏ ๅ‹•่ฉž to catch ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
01:39
And it has lots of meanings.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:42
So we can catch a ball, we can catch a criminal,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ็Šฏ็ฝช่€…ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใŸใ‚Š
01:45
and we can catch someone doing something. That means we discover
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใŸใ‚Šใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็งใŸใกใŒ
01:50
or see them doing something we didn't know about,
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็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹ใ€
01:53
maybe something wrong or unexpected.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใ้–“้•ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚„ไบˆๆœŸใ›ใฌใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€็›ฎๆ’ƒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:57
For example, my wife caught me having an extra biscuit
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
02:00
even though I'm supposed to be eating healthily.
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็งใฏ ๅฅๅบท็š„ใช้ฃŸไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฏใšใชใฎใซใ€ใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใซ้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅฆปใซ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใ‚
02:03
Oh dear. So if something is caught on camera,
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ˜ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
02:07
it means the video shows something unexpected.
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซใฏไบˆๆœŸใ—ใชใ„ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ˜ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:10
Think of it like video evidence. Neil,
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช่จผๆ‹ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€
02:13
you might deny that you've been eating extra biscuits,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ไฝ™ๅˆ†ใซ้ฃŸในใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฆๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€
02:16
but if it was caught on camera, we would know that you were lying.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซๆ‰ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ˜˜ใ‚’ใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:20
Now, caught on camera is a common expression, and we usually use it if
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซๆ‰ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ่กจ็พใงใ€้€šๅธธใ€
02:24
someone or something like the octopus doesn't know they're being filmed.
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่ชฐใ‹ใพใŸใฏใ‚ฟใ‚ณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‰ฉใŒใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใซไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
A similar phrase is to catch someone in the act.
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ไผผใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใซใ€ใ€Œ ็พ่กŒ็Šฏใง่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
This means to catch someone in the middle of doing something bad
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจ
02:36
or surprising.
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ใ‚„้ฉšใในใใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆœ€ไธญใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
So when your wife found out you were eating the biscuits,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฅฅใ•ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใŸใจใใ€
02:40
did she catch you in the act, Neil?
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็พๅ ดใงๆ•ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:41
ย  Yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚
02:43
I had my hand in the biscuit jar, and so she caught me in the act.
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็งใฏใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใฎ็“ถใซๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚’ๆ•ใพใˆใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:47
I was actually stealing the biscuits at that moment.
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ๅฎŸใฏใใฎใจใ็งใฏใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’็›—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:54
We've had caught on camera, discovered doing something
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซๆ‰ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ๅ†™็œŸใ‚„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช้Œฒ็”ปใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:58
through a photo or video recording.
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ใ€‚
03:01
For example, my cat was caught on camera scratching the sofa.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฎ็ŒซใŒ ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚’ใฒใฃใ‹ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒใ‚ซใƒกใƒฉใซๆ‰ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:05
He's so naughty.
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ๅฝผใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ„ใŸใšใ‚‰ใฃๅญใงใ™ใ€‚
03:10
This is learning English from The News, our podcast about the news headlines.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ€ŒThe Newsใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:15
Today we're talking about octopuses and fish working together.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ้ญšใฎๅ”ๅŠ›ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‰
03:20
Now, the videos taken by the scientists showed the octopuses
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ใŒๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใŸใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซใฏใ€ ใ‚ฟใ‚ณ
03:23
and fish working together.
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ใจ้ญšใŒๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใŒๆ˜ ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
03:25
But they don't always get on well with each other.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ใ†ใพใใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ ใ€‚
03:28
No they don't. One video shows an octopus punching a fish.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒ้ญšใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆง˜ๅญใŒๆ˜ ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
03:32
That means hitting it.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰“ใคใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:33
Now, scientists believe that fish was not working as part of the team.
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็พๅœจใ€็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฏใ€้ญšใฏ ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใจใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:37
And we have a headline about the punching octopus.
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:41
This one is from Cosmos, a science magazine based in Australia.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใฎ็ง‘ๅญฆ้›‘่ชŒใ€Žใ‚ณใ‚นใƒขใ‚นใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:46
Octopus packs a punch to direct hunting groups.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใฏ็‹ฉ็ŒŸใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’่ช˜ๅฐŽใ™ใ‚‹ๅผทๅŠ›ใชๆญฆๅ™จใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:49
That headline again.
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ใพใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ ใ€‚
03:50
Octopus packs a punch to direct hunting groups.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใฏ ็‹ฉ็ŒŸใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’่ช˜ๅฐŽใ™ใ‚‹ๅผทๅŠ›ใชๆญฆๅ™จใงใ™ใ€‚
03:54
That's from Cosmos, a science magazine based in Australia.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ๆ‹ ็‚นใจใ™ใ‚‹็ง‘ๅญฆ้›‘่ชŒใ€Žใ‚ณใ‚นใƒขใ‚นใ€ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:58
And we're looking at the expression packs a punch.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ่กจ็พใƒ‘ใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใ‚’ๅŠนใ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:02
Yes. If something packs a punch, it means it has a lot of power or effect.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅคงใใชๅŠ›ใ‚„ๅŠนๆžœใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
Yes. And pack a punch is a metaphorical phrase,
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œpack a punch๏ผˆใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใ‚’็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™๏ผ‰ใ€ใฏ ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
04:11
and we use it in lots of different situations.
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็Šถๆณใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:14
So for example, uh, we can use it to talk about flavour.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ้ขจๅ‘ณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
I could say that my chicken curry packs a punch.
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็งใฎใƒใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ซใƒฌใƒผใฏใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใŒๅŠนใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:21
It means it's quite spicy.
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Š่พ›ใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:23
Yes. Or we can use packs a punch to talk about music, books or art.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ ้Ÿณๆฅฝใ€ๆœฌใ€ใ‚ขใƒผใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใ€packs a punch ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:28
For example, I read a book last week and the ending really packed a punch.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅ…ˆ้€ฑ่ชญใ‚“ใ ๆœฌใฏใ€ ็ตๆœซใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่กๆ’ƒใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:33
I was thinking about it for ages afterwards.
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็งใฏใใฎๅพŒใšใฃใจใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
04:35
In the headline, though, packs a punch is metaphorical and literal.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใ€Œpacks a punchใ€ใฏๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใ‹ใคๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:40
The octopus packs a punch metaphorically because it's very effective
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใฏใ€้ญšใ‚’ๆ•็ฒใ™ใ‚‹้š›ใซ ้žๅธธใซๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆฏ”ๅ–ฉ็š„ใซใƒ‘ใƒณใƒๅŠ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
04:44
at hunting with the fish, but it also packs a punch literally,
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ใŒใ€
04:49
as it will sometimes punch the fish that aren't working as part of the team.
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ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใจใ—ใฆๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„้ญšใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใƒ‘ใƒณใƒๅŠ›ใ‚‚ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:55
We had packs a punch has a lot of power or effect.
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ใƒ‘ใƒณใƒๅŠ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅคงใใชๅŠ›ใ‚„ๅŠนๆžœใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:59
For example, my presentation at work really needs to pack a punch to convince more people about my idea.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ทๅ ดใงใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใฏใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจๅคšใใฎไบบใซ็ดๅพ—ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฏใƒˆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:08
This is Learning English from the News from BBC Learning English.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ BBC Learning English ใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญฆใถ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใงใ™ ใ€‚
05:12
We're talking about octopuses that punch and fish that hunt.
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใ‚’็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹้ญšใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใงใซ
05:16
As we've heard, scientists have found
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่žใ„ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฏ
05:18
that octopuses and fish work together to hunt better.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจ้ญšใŒๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆ ็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:22
Scientists found that even though the octopus had been filmed punching
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็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฏใ€ ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒๅ€‹ใ€…ใฎ้ญšใ‚’ๆฎดใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใŒๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€
05:26
individual fish, there's not one leader in the team
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ใƒใƒผใƒ ใซใฏใƒชใƒผใƒ€ใƒผใŒไธ€ไบบใ‚‚ใŠใ‚‰ใš
05:29
and the different species work together to make decisions.
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ใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹็จฎใŒ ๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’ไธ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:32
They want to study the underwater behaviour more, to find out whether
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆฐดไธญใงใฎ ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ็ ”็ฉถใ—ใ€
05:36
octopuses can remember certain fish who've been bad teammates in the past.
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒ ้ŽๅŽปใซๆ‚ชใ„ใƒใƒผใƒ ใƒกใ‚คใƒˆใ ใฃใŸ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้ญšใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฟในใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
05:41
Let's have another headline. Fish join forces with octopuses to hunt,
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ้ญšใฏ ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆ็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™
05:46
but get a sucker punch if they slack off.
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ใŒใ€ๆ‰‹ใ‚’ๆŠœใใจไธๆ„ๆ‰“ใกใ‚’้ฃŸใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:49
That's from The Times in the UK.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บ็ด™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:51
And that headline again. Fish join forces with octopuses to hunt, but
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ใใ—ใฆใพใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ€‚ ้ญšใฏ ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใจๅ”ๅŠ›ใ—ใฆ็‹ฉใ‚Šใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆ‰‹ใ‚’
05:57
get a sucker punch if they slack off.
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ๆŠœใใจไธๆ„ๆ‰“ใกใ‚’้ฃŸใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:00
That's from The Times, a newspaper in the UK.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎๆ–ฐ่žใ€Žใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใ€ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ ใ€‚
06:02
So this headline is talking about the teamwork between the fish and octopuses,
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ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ ้ญšใจใ‚ฟใ‚ณใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
06:08
they join forces. And the sucker punch in one of the videos.
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ไธก่€…ใฏๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏไธๆ„ๆ‰“ใกใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใŒๆ”พใŸใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:12
This is just an unexpected punch.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใพใ•ใซไบˆๆƒณๅค–ใฎใƒ‘ใƒณใƒใงใ™ใ€‚
06:15
But we're interested in the expression slack off.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€Œ slack offใ€ใจใ„ใ†่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
06:18
What does that mean, Pippa?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒ‘๏ผŸ
06:20
Well, if someone slacks off, it means they stop working hard.
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ใพใ‚ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆ€ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใใฎใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:24
Maybe they're lazy or they don't work as part of a team,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใ ใฃ ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใจใ—ใฆๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆœฌๆฅ
06:28
but they're not working as hard as they should be or as hard as they used to.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใใปใฉใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏไปฅๅ‰ใปใฉไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:32
Yes, slack off is an informal phrase to say that someone isn't working hard.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ€Œslack offใ€ใฏ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
For example, if someone slacks off work, they might go for a long lunch
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ•ใผใ‚‹ไบบใฏ ใ€้•ทใ„ๆ˜ผ้ฃŸใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€
06:42
or waste time in the office talking to everyone.
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ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงใฟใ‚“ใชใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็„ก้ง„ใซใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:45
Yeah, and we can also call someone a slacker,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใพใŸใ€่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ€Œๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:48
and this is slang for someone that's lazy or doesn't work hard enough.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใ‚„ๅๅˆ†ใซๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใชใ„ไบบใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™ไฟ—่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
06:53
So in the story, the headline writer is saying that some of the fish slack off,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—่จ˜่€…ใฏใ€ ้ญšใฎไธญใซใฏๆ€ ใ‘่€…ใ‚‚ใ„ใฆใ€
06:58
they don't work hard enough as part of the team,
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ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎไธ€ๅ“กใจใ—ใฆๅๅˆ†ใซๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใชใ„่€…ใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ€
07:00
which is why the scientists think the octopuses decide to punch them.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ฟใ‚ณใŒ้ญšใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚ใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ ใจ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใฏ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:07
We've had slack off,
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ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใฏๆ€ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ€
07:09
stop working hard.
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ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅƒใใฎใฏใ‚„ใ‚ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:11
For example, I used to go for a run every week,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไปฅๅ‰ใฏ ๆฏŽ้€ฑใƒฉใƒณใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™
07:14
but I've been slacking off lately.
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ใŒใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏๆ€ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:17
That's it for this episode of Learning English from the news.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถไปŠๅ›žใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
07:20
We'll be back next week for another news story.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใฏ ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:23
If you've enjoyed this programme, why not try our Learning English
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ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ‚’ใŠๆฅฝใ—ใฟใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€่ทๅ ดใงใฎ ่‹ฑ่ชžๅŠ›ๅ‘ไธŠใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ€ŒLearning English for Workใ€ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ใœใฒใŠ่ฉฆใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„
07:26
for Work podcast to improve your English at work. Search Learning English
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ใ€‚
07:30
for Work in your podcast app or visit our website for all episodes.
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ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆ ใ‚ขใƒ—ใƒชใงใ€ŒLearning English for Workใ€ใ‚’ๆคœ็ดขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:34
And you can find us on social media.
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ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซ ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใงใ‚‚็งใŸใกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:36
Search for BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚’ๆคœ็ดขใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:39
Goodbye for now.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใ€‚
07:40
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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