Improving your memory โฒ๏ธ 6 Minute English

3,332,630 views ใƒป 2019-01-31

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:06
Neil: Hello and welcome to 6 Minute
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Neil: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute
00:08
English, I'm Neil. This is
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English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚Neil ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
00:09
the programme where in just
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ใ€ใŸใฃใŸ
00:11
six minutes we discuss an interesting
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6ๅˆ†้–“ใง่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใ€
00:13
topic and teach some
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00:14
related English vocabulary.
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้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใงใ™.
00:16
And joining me to do this is Rob.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใŸใ‚ใซ็งใซๅŠ ใ‚ใฃใŸใฎใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:17
Rob: Hello... err sorry Neil, how long did
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏ... ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใฎ้•ทใ•ใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใ ใจใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
00:20
you say this programme is?
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ใ‹?
00:22
Neil: Six minutes ... it's 6 Minute English, Rob.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: 6 ๅˆ†้–“... 6 ๅˆ†้–“ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใ™ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
00:25
Rob: Right. OK. Sorry, what's
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
00:26
your name again?
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ใŠๅๅ‰ใฏ๏ผŸ
00:27
Neil: Neil! My name is Neil, Rob. What's
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚ ่จ˜ๆ†ถใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ
00:29
happened to your memory?!
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!?
00:31
Rob: Sorry, Neil - too many things on my
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Rob: ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใญใ€Neil -
00:33
mind, it's affecting my short-term
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้ ญใซๆตฎใ‹ใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใฆใ€็ŸญๆœŸ่จ˜ๆ†ถใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆ
00:35
memory, but what
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ‘ใฉใ€
00:36
I can remember is that in this programme
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่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„
00:38
we're talking about improving
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ใง่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใฎๆ”นๅ–„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใ ใ‚ˆ
00:40
our memory.
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00:40
Neil: We are and I think you might find it
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ใ€‚
ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผš็งใŸใกใฏใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ้žๅธธใซไพฟๅˆฉใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:42
quite useful! Storing information
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! ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
00:44
is an important
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ใฏ
00:45
function of our brains and scientists
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็งใŸใกใฎ่„ณใฎ้‡่ฆใชๆฉŸ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…
00:47
are always looking at ways to
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ใฏๅธธใซๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆจก็ดขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’้˜ฒใๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚‚ๆจก็ดขใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:49
improve it but also to stop it
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00:51
deteriorating - or becoming worse.
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ใ€‚
00:53
Rob: Yes, and we all know that memories -
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใฏใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏ็š†ใ€ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บ๏ผˆ้ŽๅŽปใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹
00:54
that's the noun for things
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ใ“ใจใฎๅ่ฉžใงใ™๏ผ‰ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
00:56
we remember from the
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00:57
past - are nice to have but also important
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01:00
for remembering who people are,
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01:02
where things are kept
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01:03
and how things look.
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ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
01:04
Neil: Soon we'll be discussing a new idea
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆใ™ใใซ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:06
for improving your memory but not before
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01:08
I've set today's quiz question.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’่จญๅฎšใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›
01:10
There are many ways we can improve
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ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
01:12
our memory but one way
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎ 1 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•
01:14
is through the type of food we eat.
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ใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ้ฃŸในใ‚‹้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใฎ็จฎ้กžใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:16
According to the BBC Food website,
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BBC Food ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€
01:18
which type of food
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01:19
supports good memory function? Is it...
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ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ่จ˜ๆ†ถๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใฉใฎ็จฎ้กžใฎ้ฃŸๅ“ใงใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใฏ...
01:22
a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas?
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a) ๅตใ€b) ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใ€c) ใƒใƒŠใƒŠใงใ™ใ‹?
01:25
Rob: Well, as a kid I was always told that
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใˆใˆใจใ€ๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใ€็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚
01:28
spinach was good for me - Popeye ate it
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ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใŒไฝ“ใซใ„ใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸ - ใƒใƒ‘ใ‚คใฏใใ‚Œ
01:30
to make him strong - so I'll say b) spinach.
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ใ‚’้ฃŸในใฆๅผทใใชใฃใŸ - ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏ b) ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใซใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
01:33
Neil: Well, I'll have the answer later on.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใพใ‚ใ€็ญ”ใˆใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
01:36
Now, let's talk more about
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ใงใฏใ€่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใฎๅ‘ไธŠใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:38
improving our memory.
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ใ€‚
01:39
Memory is the ability to encode, store and
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่จ˜ๆ†ถใจใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใ€ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใ€ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™่ƒฝๅŠ›ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๅฅๅบทใ€ไธๅฎ‰ใ€ๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ€็–ฒๅŠดใชใฉ
01:42
recall information but a number of factors
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ใ€ๅคšใใฎ่ฆๅ› 
01:44
can affect people's memory processes
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ใŒไบบใ€…ใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:47
including health, anxiety, mood,
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01:49
stress and tiredness.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:50
Rob: That's why, for example, if you're
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ
01:52
taking an exam it's important
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01:54
to get a good night's sleep
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ใ€ใใฃใ™ใ‚Š็œ ใฃ
01:55
and to keep healthy. But Neil, when
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ใฆๅฅๅบทใ‚’็ถญๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€
01:57
you're revising for an exam, what helps
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฉฆ้จ“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ไฝ•ใŒ
01:59
you to remember facts?
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ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ‹?
02:00
Neil: I tend to write things down again and
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผš็งใฏ็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒ
02:02
again and again and again.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:04
Rob: Well, that's one way. But people have
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‚ใฒใจใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
02:06
different styles to help them remember.
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่ฆšใˆใ‚„ใ™ใใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:08
According to the BBC's iWonder guide,
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BBC ใฎ iWonder ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€
02:10
there are three different styles - visual,
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่ฆ–่ฆšใ€่ด่ฆšใ€้‹ๅ‹•ๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใฎ 3 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
02:12
auditory and kinaesthetic,
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
02:15
that's learning by 'doing' and practicing
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ใ€ŒๅฎŸ่กŒใ€
02:17
something over and over again.
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ใ—ใฆไฝ•ๅบฆใ‚‚็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:19
That sounds like me.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:20
Neil: But recently, a new study has
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใงใ‚‚ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็ ”็ฉถใง่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›
02:22
come up with a method that could
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02:24
possibly be the best way to improve your
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ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒ็™บ่กจใ•
02:25
memory and that's by drawing.
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ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ็ตตใ‚’ๆใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒผใ‚บๅคงๅญฆ
02:27
Daryl O'Connor, who's Professor
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ใฎๅฟƒ็†ๅญฆๆ•™ๆŽˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ€ใƒชใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใ‚ณใƒŠใƒผใฏ
02:29
of Psychology at the University of Leeds,
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02:31
has been speaking about it on
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02:32
the BBC Radio 4 programme, All
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ใ€BBC ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ช 4 ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ€All
02:34
In The Mind. See if you
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In The Mind ใงใ“ใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็†็”ฑใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡
02:35
can work out why...
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ใ†...
02:38
Daryl O'Connor: The authors certainly
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ใƒ€ใƒชใƒซใƒปใ‚ชใ‚ณใƒŠใƒผ: ่‘—่€…ใฏ็ขบใ‹
02:39
argue that one of the things that
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ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆ็”ปใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
02:41
happens by drawing
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02:43
these particular objects, that it leads to
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02:45
this increased contextual representation
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02:49
of the object in one's mind...
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ไบบใฎๅฟƒใฎไธญใงใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆ่กจ็พใŒๅข—ๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใชใŒใ‚‹ใจไธปๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:51
It makes a lot of intuitive sense...
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... ๅคšใใฎ็›ดๆ„Ÿ็š„ใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™...
02:53
the idea that if you have encoded
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02:56
something in a greater level of detail,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฉณ็ดฐใชใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใงใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
02:58
you're more likely to remember it...
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่€ƒใˆใงใ™...
03:00
It's much stronger than just remembering
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใฆ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๅผทๅŠ›ใงใ™
03:03
writing down the words.
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.
03:07
Neil: OK, so let's try to explain that.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใงใฏใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
03:09
Drawing something leads to increased
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆใใ“ใจ
03:11
contextual representation of the object.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฎๆ–‡่„ˆ่กจ็พใฎๅข—ๅŠ ใซใคใชใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:14
When something is contextual,
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒๆ–‡่„ˆ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
03:16
it is in the situation where
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใซใ‚ใ‚Š
03:18
it usually exists.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
Rob: So as you draw something you are
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆใใจใ
03:21
creating a picture in your mind
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03:23
about what it is, how you use it and
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ใ€โ€‹โ€‹ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
03:25
where it is used. I wonder if
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ใฉใ“ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ้ ญใฎไธญใง็ตตใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:27
this means artists have good memories...
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒˆใŒ่‰ฏใ„ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‹...
03:29
Neil: Maybe. Daryl O'Connor says that
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใŸใถใ‚“ใ€‚ Daryl O'Connor ใฏใ€็ตต
03:31
when you draw you are encoding
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ใ‚’ๆใ
03:33
something in a greater
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03:34
level of detail, more than you would by
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ใจใใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซๆ›ธใ็•™ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฉณ็ดฐใชใƒฌใƒ™ใƒซใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:36
just writing things down.
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ใ€‚
03:38
Encoding is changing
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ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใจใฏใ€
03:40
information into a form that can
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ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’
03:41
be stored and later recalled.
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ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใฆๅพŒใงๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅฝขๅผใซๅค‰ๆ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:43
Rob: That's because as you draw,
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็ตตใ‚’ๆใ
03:45
you're thinking about different aspects of
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ใจใใซใ€ใ‚ชใƒ–ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅด้ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
03:47
the object. He says it makes
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ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
03:49
intuitive sense - intuitive means it is
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็›ดๆ„Ÿ็š„ใซ็†ใซใ‹ใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ - ็›ดๆ„Ÿ็š„ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
03:52
'based on feelings rather than
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ใ€Œไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚„่จผๆ‹ ใงใฏใชใๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
03:54
facts or proof' - so, you just feel
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ใ€ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ - ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
03:56
it is the best thing to do.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎใ“ใจใ ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™.
03:57
Neil: Of course this is just one more way
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
04:00
to improve your memory. I've also
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
04:01
heard that doing
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ใ€
04:03
crossword puzzles and Sudoku
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ใ‚ฏใƒญใ‚นใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ ใƒ‘ใ‚บใƒซใ‚„ๆ•ฐ็‹ฌ
04:04
can help, especially when you're older.
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ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใจใ€็‰นใซๅนดใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใจใใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจ่žใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:06
Rob: Yes, as we get older we can often
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใฏใ„ใ€ๅนดใ‚’้‡ใญใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€่จ˜ๆ†ถใ‹ใ‚‰
04:08
have more difficulty retrieving information
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ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ™ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ขใƒซใƒ„ใƒใ‚คใƒžใƒผ็—…ใฎ
04:11
from our memory - and people with
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ไบบใฏใ€
04:13
Alzheimer's find it very difficult
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04:15
to encode information - so any way
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ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„
04:17
to keep our memory working is a good
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04:19
thing. Basically we need brain training!
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ่„ณใƒˆใƒฌใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™๏ผ
04:21
Neil: Brain training and eating the right
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ่„ณใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใจๆญฃใ—ใ„้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใ‚’้ฃŸใน
04:23
food, Rob! You might remember that
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ใชใ•ใ„ใ€ใƒญใƒ–!
04:25
earlier I asked you, according to
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04:27
the BBC Food website, which type of food
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BBCใƒ•ใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ้ฃŸๅ“
04:30
supports good memory function?
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ใŒๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ่จ˜ๆ†ถๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
04:32
Is it... a) eggs, b) spinach, or c) bananas?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ... a) ๅตใ€b) ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใ€c) ใƒใƒŠใƒŠใงใ™ใ‹?
04:36
And Rob, you said...
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ใใ—ใฆใƒญใƒ–ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใฃใŸ.
04:37
Rob: I do remember and I said b) spinach.
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ใƒญใƒ–: ็งใฏ่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใฆใ€b)ใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
04:40
Neil: And that is sort of the wrong answer.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎ้–“้•ใฃใŸ็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:43
In fact they were all correct - they are all
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆๆญฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ
04:45
examples of food that can help support
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ใ€่จ˜ๆ†ถๅŠ›ใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค้ฃŸๅ“ใฎไพ‹ใงใ™
04:48
good memory. Apparently, foods rich in
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ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ฟใƒŸใƒณBใŒ่ฑŠๅฏŒใช้ฃŸๅ“
04:50
B vitamins are important as they
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04:52
provide protection for the brain as we age
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ใฏใ€ๅŠ ้ฝขใจใจใ‚‚ใซ่„ณใ‚’ไฟ่ญทใ—ใ€
04:54
and support good memory function.
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ๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ่จ˜ๆ†ถๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€้‡่ฆใงใ™.
04:56
I think it's time to change my diet!
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้ฃŸ็”Ÿๆดปใ‚’่ฆ‹็›ดใ™ๆ™‚ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
04:59
Now on to the vocabulary
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
05:00
we looked at in this programme.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใง่ฆ‹ใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใซ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:02
Rob: So today we've been talking about
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:04
our memory - we use our memory
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็งใŸใกใฏ่จ˜ๆ†ถใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
05:05
to remember things
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็‰ฉไบ‹
05:07
and 'memories' is the noun for things
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05:09
we remember from the past.
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ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
Neil: Then we discussed a learning style
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏ
05:13
known as 'kinaesthetic', that is learning
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒใ‚จใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ—ใฆ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆ
05:15
by 'doing' and
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05:16
practising something over and over again.
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่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
05:18
Rob: We heard from Professor
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Rob:
05:20
Daryl O'Connor, who talked about
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Daryl O'Connor ๆ•™ๆŽˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
05:21
contextual representation - when
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ๆ–‡่„ˆ่กจ็พใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใ„ใŸ
05:24
something is 'contextual',
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ€Œๆ–‡่„ˆ็š„ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
05:25
you see it in the situation
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ๅ ดๅˆ
05:27
where it usually exists.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธๅญ˜ๅœจใ™ใ‚‹็Šถๆณใง่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:28
Neil: Next we talked about 'encoding'.
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Neil: ๆฌกใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚จใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:30
That is changing information
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆƒ…ๅ ฑ
05:32
into a form that can
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ใ‚’
05:33
be stored and later recalled.
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ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใฆๅพŒใงๅ‘ผใณๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅฝขใซๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:35
Rob: And we mentioned 'intuitive sense' -
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ็›ด่ฆณใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
05:37
having an intuitive sense means
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ใŒใ€็›ด่ฆณใจใฏใ€
05:39
doing something 'based
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05:41
on feelings rather than facts or proof' - so,
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ใ€Œไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚„่จผๆ‹ ใงใฏใชใใ€ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…ใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใฆใ€
05:43
you just feel it is the best thing to do.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:45
Neil: And finally we mentioned
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใ‚ขใƒซใƒ„ใƒใ‚คใƒžใƒผ็—…ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:47
Alzheimer's - a disease affecting
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05:49
the brain that makes it
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่„ณใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ€
05:50
difficult to remember things and
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ™ใฎใŒ
05:51
it gets worse as you get older.
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้›ฃใ—ใใชใ‚Šใ€ๅนดใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:53
Rob: Well, there are lots of new words
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ“ใซใฏ่ฆšใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
05:54
to remember there - but that's all
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ใพใ™ใŒ
05:56
for this programme.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฏใ“ใ“ใพใงใงใ™ใ€‚
05:57
Neil: Don't forget to visit us on Facebook,
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚คใ‚นใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€
05:59
Twitter, Instagram and YouTube
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ใƒ„ใ‚คใƒƒใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ€ใƒฆใƒผใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒ–
06:00
and our website:
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใฎ
06:01
bbclearningenglish.com. Bye for now.
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bbclearningenglish.comใ‚‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซ่จชใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
06:04
Rob: Goodbye!
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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