BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Fashion' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocab!

55,295 views ใƒป 2024-11-24

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
6 Minute English,
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from BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning English ใฎใ€Œ6 Minute Englishใ€ใ€‚
00:05
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:08
And I'm Will. Hello.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:11
Hi there, Will. I have to say, I like that shirt you're wearing today.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€‚ ่จ€ใ‚ใชใใ‚ƒใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‘ใฉใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ€ๅฅฝใใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
00:14
I haven't seen that one before.
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ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏ่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
00:16
Yes, I got it at the weekend.
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ใฏใ„ใ€้€ฑๆœซใซๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:18
But, to be honest, I don't give my clothes much thought.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใฏๆœ่ฃ…ใซใคใ„ใฆ ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่€ƒใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:21
I just throw on the first thing I see. What about you?
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ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็›ฎใซใคใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใใฎใพใพ็€ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:25
Well, I try to look presentable.
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ใพใ‚ใ€็งใฏ่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใ‚’่‰ฏใใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Š
00:28
I wouldn't want to appear too scruffy.
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ใ ใ‚‰ใ—ใชใ„ๅฐ่ฑกใ‚’ไธŽใˆใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:30
Clothes say an awful lot about us, don't they, Will?
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ๆœใฏ็งใŸใกใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ชžใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ ใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซ๏ผŸ
00:33
A lot depends on the job you do.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใ†ไป•ไบ‹ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅคงใใ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:36
In a bank, you're supposed to look pretty smart all the time.
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้Š€่กŒใงใฏใ€ ๅธธใซใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:39
But if you work for a design company, say,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไพ‹ใˆใฐใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณไผš็คพใงๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
00:41
a suit would look 'out of place' โ€” that means 'unsuitable'.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใฏใ€Œๅ ด้•ใ„ใ€ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œไธ้ฉๅˆ‡ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:45
People in the creative industries tend to 'dress down' โ€”
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใ‚จใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ๆฅญ็•Œใฎไบบใ€…ใฏ ใ€Œใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใ€
00:48
that means 'dress casually' โ€” you know, jeans and a T-shirt.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชๆœ่ฃ…ใ€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ธใƒผใƒณใ‚บใจTใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใจใ„ใฃใŸๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:52
Yes. Then there's the whole question of what to wear to an interview.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ้ขๆŽฅใซไฝ•ใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๅ•้กŒใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹
00:57
I reckon if you put on something smart, you can't go far wrong.
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ใ‚นใƒžใƒผใƒˆใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’็€ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:00
Yes. But the meaning of clothes goes far deeper
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ่ฃ…ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ€่ทๅ ดใง
01:04
than what you should or shouldn't wear in the workplace, Will.
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ไฝ•ใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ในใใงใชใ„ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆทฑใ„ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€‚
01:07
It can really influence what people think of us.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ็งใŸใกใซใคใ„ใฆใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:09
Now, rightly or wrongly,
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ไปŠใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅˆฅใจใ—ใฆใ€
01:11
they can make 'snap judgements' โ€” or 'quick decisions' โ€” about us.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŸใกใซใคใ„ใฆใ€Œๅณๆ–ญๅณๆฑบใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ็ด ๆ—ฉใ„ๆฑบๆ–ญใ€ใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Yes, you're right. It's a cultural issue. It's about how we see ourselves, too.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅŒ–็š„ใชๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใฉใ†่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:20
Now, take the sari.
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ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใ‚’็€ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:22
It's been around for centuries and is still the main form of dress
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ไธ–็ด€ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅญ˜ๅœจใ— ใ€ไปŠใงใ‚‚ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ไบœๅคง้™ธใฎ
01:26
for millions of women in the Indian subcontinent.
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ไฝ•็™พไธ‡ไบบใ‚‚ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใฎไธปใชๆœ่ฃ…ใจใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:29
That's that very long garment
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€
01:31
with all those amazing colours and designs, isn't it?
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„่‰ฒๅฝฉ ใจใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณใŒๆ–ฝใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใฆใ‚‚้•ทใ„่กฃๆœใงใ™ใญใ€‚
01:34
It always looks so elegant.
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚จใƒฌใ‚ฌใƒณใƒˆใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:36
Yes, it does. So Will, can you answer this question โ€”
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€ ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:39
what is the maximum length of a sari?
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ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฎๆœ€ๅคงใฎ้•ทใ•ใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:42
Is it a) 12 metres? b) nine metres? Or c) seven metres?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ12ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ b) 9ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c) 7ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹?
01:48
Surely it can't be 12 metres long!
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ใพใ•ใ‹12ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฏใšใŒใชใ„๏ผ
01:51
Um, I'm going to say nine metres.
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ใˆใฃใจใ€9ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
OK. Well, we'll find out if you're right or wrong later on.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:59
But now let's listen to Dr Shahidha Bari talking about the sari.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๅบฆใฏใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ’ใƒ€ใƒปใƒใƒชๅšๅฃซใŒใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
02:04
She uses a word that means 'covered'. Can you hear what it is?
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€Œ่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝ•ใชใฎใ‹่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
02:10
Saris encircle the waist, are often pleated
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ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฏ่…ฐใ‚’ๅŒ…ใฟใ€ ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใƒ—ใƒชใƒผใƒ„ใŒไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€
02:14
and then swept across the upper body
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02:16
with folds and fabric draped over the shoulder or veiling the head.
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ใฒใ ใ‚„ๅธƒๅœฐใŒ่‚ฉใซๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ ใŸใ‚Š้ ญใ‚’่ฆ†ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ไธŠๅŠ่บซใ‚’่ฆ†ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฎ็€ๆ–นใฏ
02:20
There are more than 80 different ways of wearing a sari
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80 ็จฎ้กžไปฅไธŠใ‚ใ‚Š
02:23
and they've been worn in the Indian subcontinent since the first millennium.
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ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ‰ไบœๅคง้™ธใงใฏ 1 ๅƒๅนด็ด€ใ‹ใ‚‰็€็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:27
It's a garment woven into the histories of the countries from which it comes.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใฎๅ›ฝใฎๆญดๅฒใซ็น”ใ‚Š่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸ่กฃๆœใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:34
So 'draped' means 'covered'.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œdrapedใ€ใฏใ€Œ่ฆ†ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:37
Then she used the word 'garment'. That's another word for 'a piece of clothing'.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€Œ่กฃๆœใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ€Œ่กฃๆœใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
02:42
And then she said there are 80 ways of wearing a sari, Rob. Amazing!
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฎ็€ๆ–นใฏ 80 ็จฎ้กžใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚ ใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ผ ใใ†
02:47
It is, isn't it?
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ใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใญ๏ผŸ
02:49
Some Asian women in the West wear saris just for 'ceremonial occasions' โ€”
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่ฅฟๆด‹ใซไฝใ‚€ใ‚ขใ‚ธใ‚ขไบบๅฅณๆ€งใฎไธญใซใฏใ€็ตๅฉšๅผใชใฉใฎ
02:53
that means 'special events', like weddings.
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ใ€Œ็‰นๅˆฅใช่กŒไบ‹ใ€ใฎใจใใ ใ‘ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚‹
02:56
I suppose, in a sense, it's not that practical for day-to-day use.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€ ๆ—ฅๅธธ็š„ใชไฝฟ็”จใซใฏใใ‚ŒใปใฉๅฎŸ็”จ็š„ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
But it certainly makes a beautiful 'splash of colour' โ€” or a 'display of colour' โ€”
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็พŽใ—ใ„ใ€Œ ่‰ฒใฎ้ฃ›ๆฒซใ€ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ่‰ฒใฎใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ€ใจใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:05
when they do wear it.
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ใ€‚
03:06
What she said has got me thinking about English traditional dress.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใ€็งใฏ ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎไผ็ตฑ็š„ใช่กฃ่ฃ…ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:10
And, to be honest, Rob, I can't recall anything off the top of my head.
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ๆญฃ็›ดใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€ ใ™ใใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ›ใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซ
03:14
Off the top of your head, Will? That's because you're not wearing a hat.
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ใ€ๆ€ใ„ใคใ„ใŸใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏๅธฝๅญใ‚’ใ‹ใถใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:18
Don't be ridiculous, Rob.
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้ฆฌ้นฟใ’ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
03:20
'Off the top of my head' โ€”
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ใ€ŒOff the top of my headใ€ใฏ
03:22
it's an idiom and it means 'I can't think of anything immediately'.
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ๆ…ฃ็”จๅฅใงใ€ ใ€Œใ™ใใซใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ€ใ„ใคใ‹ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
03:27
Yes, Will. I do know that actually. It was my attempt at a joke.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€‚ ๅฎŸใฏใใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ†—่ซ‡ใฎใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใฃใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:30
But you're right, the British dress sense has become a bit 'samey' โ€”
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใŠใฃใ—ใ‚ƒใ‚‹้€šใ‚Šใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใง้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณๆฅญ็•Œใ‚’้™คใ‘ใฐใ€่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎๆœ่ฃ…ใ‚ปใƒณใ‚นใฏ ๅฐ‘ใ€…ใ€ŒไผผใŸใ‚Š
03:35
it 'looks the same' โ€” apart from the fashion industry,
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ๅฏ„ใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใซใชใฃใฆใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ€ใฎใงใ™
03:38
which is highly regarded throughout the world.
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ใ€‚
03:40
Well, you wouldn't catch me wearing most of the men's gear you see on the catwalk.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใง่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใช็”ทๆ€ง็”จใฎๆœใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใ‚’็งใŒ็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
03:45
Mm. But, seriously, Will, clothes are undoubtedly an important business.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็œŸๅ‰ฃใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€่กฃๆœใฏ ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ้‡่ฆใชใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
03:50
Let's listen to Dr Shahidha Bari again
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ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ’ใƒ€ใƒปใƒใƒชๅšๅฃซใŒๆฏ่ฆชใฎใ‚ตใƒชใƒผ็€็”จใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:52
as she reflects on her mother's use of the sari.
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ใ€‚
03:58
And yet the sari makes me feel safe too,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฏ็งใซๅฎ‰ๅฟƒๆ„Ÿใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฏ
04:01
because I associate it with her body and the world she made for me.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฎไฝ“ ใจใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝœใฃใŸไธ–็•Œใจ็ตใณใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:06
And now, as I struggle to keep hold of the sari,
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€็งใฏ ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใ€
04:09
the rituals and the memories around it,
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ใใฎๅ„€ๅผใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใซใพใคใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚ใ†ใจๅฅฎ้—˜ใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€
04:12
I fear losing the world it signifies โ€” and her, too.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ่ฑกๅพดใ™ใ‚‹ไธ–็•Œใ€ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ๅคฑใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใฎใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
04:19
She talked about the way she 'struggles' โ€” that means she 'finds it difficult' โ€”
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใฎไธญใงๅคงๅˆ‡ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€Œ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใŸ
04:23
to make the sari important in her life.
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ใ€‚
04:26
And she uses the word 'signifies', which means 'giving the meaning of something'.
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผๅฅณใฏ ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใซๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œsignifiesใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใซใจใฃใฆ
04:31
The sari obviously has an emotional attachment for her.
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ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซ ๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใชๆ„›็€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ ใ€‚
04:35
And when you think just how much money people spend on clothes,
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ่กฃๆœใซใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฒปใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
04:38
it shows how vital it is.
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ใ„ใ‹ใซ้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€
04:40
And let's not forget football shirts, Will.
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ใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚‚ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใง ใญใ€‚
04:43
Fans want to be seen in their team's latest shirt design, don't they?
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎ ๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒณใ‚’็€ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:47
I know I do.
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ใใ†ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:48
By the way, what team do you support, Rob?
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใฏใฉใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๅฟœๆดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:51
Ah, well, it's Chelsea, of course. Come on, you Blues. What about you, Will?
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒใ‚งใƒซใ‚ทใƒผใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ใ€ใƒ–ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซ๏ผŸ
04:56
Tottenham Hotspur.
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ใƒˆใƒƒใƒ†ใƒŠใƒ ใƒปใƒ›ใƒƒใƒˆใ‚นใƒ‘ใƒผใ€‚
04:57
Never mind, someone has to.
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ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:00
Now, remember at the beginning of the show,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ็•ช็ต„ใฎๅ†’้ ญใงใ€
05:02
I asked you what is the maximum length of a sari?
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ใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฎๆœ€ๅคงใฎ้•ทใ•ใฏใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใ‹ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?
05:06
Is it a) 12 metres? b) nine metres? Or c) seven metres?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ12ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ b) 9ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c) 7ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใงใ™ใ‹?
05:10
Yes. And I said nine metres.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ9ใƒกใƒผใƒˆใƒซใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:13
Well, you know your saris well, because that is the right answer. Well done!
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ตใƒชใƒผใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„็ญ”ใˆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸ๏ผ
05:17
Now, before we go, it's time to remind ourselves
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅธฐใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ่žใ„ใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:20
of some of the vocabulary that we've heard today. Will.
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ใ€‚ ๆ„ๆ€ใ€‚
05:25
Scruffy.
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ใ ใ‚‰ใ—ใชใ„ใ€‚
05:26
Out of place.
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ๅ ด้•ใ„ใ ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซ
05:30
Dress down.
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ใชๆœ่ฃ…ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:32
Make snap judgements.
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ๅณๅบงใซๅˆคๆ–ญใ‚’ไธ‹ใ™ใ€‚
05:36
Draped.
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ใƒ‰ใƒฌใƒผใƒ—ใ€‚
05:38
Garment.
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่กฃๆœใ€‚
05:40
Ceremonial occasions.
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ๅ† ๅฉš่‘ฌ็ฅญใ€‚
05:43
Splash of colour.
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่‰ฒๅฝฉใฎ้ฃ›ๆฒซใ€‚
05:45
Off the top of my head.
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้ ญใซๆตฎใ‹ใ‚“ใ ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
Struggle.
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้—˜ไบ‰ใ€‚
05:50
Signifies.
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:52
Thank you, Will. Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚ฃใƒซใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ6ๅˆ†่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:56
You can listen to more programmes on our website at BBC Learning English dot com.
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ใใฎไป–ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใฏใ€ BBC Learning English dot com ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใง่ดใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:01
Please join us again soon.
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ใœใฒใพใŸใŠ่ถŠใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:02
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Bye.
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- ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚ - ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
06:05
6 Minute English.
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6ๅˆ†้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
06:06
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
06:10
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:13
And I'm Neil. Hello.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
06:14
Hi there, Neil! Now, Neil, what's that on your face?
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผ ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใซใฏไฝ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
06:18
What, this? It's a beard, Rob. Have you never seen one before?
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ไฝ•ใ“ใ‚Œ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏใฒใ’ใ ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚ ไปŠใพใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใชใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:24
I have, but I've never seen one on you before
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่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒไผผๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:26
and, I'm surprised to say, it looks good on you!
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้ฉšใ„ใŸใ“ใจใซใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใฏใใ‚ŒใŒใจใฆใ‚‚ไผผๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผ
06:29
Well, thank you! I thought I'd get on the beard bandwagon, you know.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ ๅƒ•ใ‚‚้ซญใƒ–ใƒผใƒ ใซไน—ใฃใฆใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸ ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:34
Beards are 'all the rage' at the moment โ€” that means 'very fashionable'.
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ใฒใ’ใฏไปŠใ€Œๅคงๆต่กŒใ€ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใจใฆใ‚‚ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒ–ใƒซใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:38
Mm, and 'to get on a bandwagon'
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€Œๆต่กŒใซไน—ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œไบบๆฐ—ใŒๅ‡บใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’
06:40
is when you 'join other people in doing something that has become popular' โ€”
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ไป–ใฎไบบใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
06:44
perhaps because you hope to become popular yourself!
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใŒไบบๆฐ—่€…ใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:48
Well, that doesn't apply to me, Rob,
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใฏๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
06:50
because, as you know, I'm very popular already.
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ใ”ๅญ˜็ŸฅใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใ€ ็งใฏใ™ใงใซใจใฆใ‚‚ไบบๆฐ—่€…ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
06:52
Yes. Yes, I know that, of course.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ‚Œใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:54
Right, anyway, beards are such 'a talking point' โ€”
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ ใฒใ’ใฏใ€Œ่ฉฑ้กŒใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ
06:58
'a subject that a lot of people are discussing' โ€”
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ๅคšใใฎไบบ ใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธป้กŒใ€ใชใฎใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏ
07:00
that we decided to talk about them on today's programme!
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
07:03
So are you ready for today's question, Neil?
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผŸ
07:06
What's the name for someone who loves beards?
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ใฒใ’ใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ‹?
07:10
Is it a) barbophile? b) pogonopile? Or c) pelophile?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ a) ้…’ๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹? b) ใƒใ‚ดใƒŽใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒซ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c) ่ฆชใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซๆดพ๏ผŸ
07:18
Hmm. All the answers sound tempting, but Iโ€™m going to go for a) barbophile.
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ใตใƒผใ‚€ใ€‚ ใฉใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‚้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใงใ™ ใŒใ€็งใฏ a) ้…’ๅ ดๅฅฝใใ‚’้ธใณใพใ™ใ€‚
07:24
Right. OK, well, we'll find out if you're right or wrong later on.
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ๅณใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ‹้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:29
But this is interesting โ€”
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:30
a new scientific study suggests that the more beards there are in a population,
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ๆ–ฐใŸใช็ง‘ๅญฆ็š„็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ ไบบๅฃๅ†…ใฎใƒ’ใ‚ฒใฎๆ•ฐใŒๅข—ใˆใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€ใƒ’ใ‚ฒใฎ
07:36
the less attractive they become
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้ญ…ๅŠ›ใฏไฝŽไธ‹ใ—
07:38
and this currently gives clean-shaven men a competitive advantage.
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ใ€็พๅœจใงใฏใƒ’ใ‚ฒใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„ใซๅ‰ƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹็”ทๆ€งใซ ็ซถไบ‰ไธŠใฎๅ„ชไฝๆ€งใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:42
Oh, no! That's bad news for me, then!
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ใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใฃใŸ๏ผ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏๆ‚ชใ„ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใญ๏ผ
07:45
'Competitive advantage' means
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ใ€Œ็ซถไบ‰ไธŠใฎๅ„ชไฝๆ€งใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ
07:47
'when a condition or circumstance puts you in a favourable position' โ€”
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆกไปถใ‚„็ŠถๆณใŒ ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆœ‰ๅˆฉใช็ซ‹ๅ ดใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
in this case, being 'clean-shaven' or 'having no facial hair'.
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œใฒใ’ใ‚’ใใ‚Œใ„ใซๅ‰ƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏใ€Œใฒใ’ใŒใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:55
That's right. Weโ€™ve reached peak beard, apparently.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ€ใฒใ’ใฎใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ฏใซ้”ใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:59
Beard popularity has 'peaked' โ€” or 'reached its highest point' โ€”
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ใฒใ’ใฎไบบๆฐ—ใฏใ€Œใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๆœ€้ซ˜็‚นใซ้”ใ—ใŸใ€ใŸใ‚
08:03
and will decline in popularity from this point.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ไบบๆฐ—ใฏไฝŽไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
08:06
OK.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:07
Let's listen to writer Lucinda Hawksley talking about beards through history.
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ไฝœๅฎถใฎใƒซใ‚ทใƒณใƒ€ใƒปใƒ›ใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒชใƒผใŒๆญดๅฒใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆใฒใ’ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
08:12
And listen out for a word
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ใใ—ใฆใ€
08:13
that means women's struggle to achieve the same rights and opportunities as men.
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ๅฅณๆ€งใŒ ็”ทๆ€งใจๅŒใ˜ๆจฉๅˆฉใจๆฉŸไผšใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ้—˜ใ„ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใซ่€ณใ‚’ๅ‚พใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:20
It's interesting, while I was writing the book,
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้ข็™ฝใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ ใ“ใฎๆœฌใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€
08:22
I came to realise that the most heavily bearded times in Britain
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ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใง้ซญใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚ๆฟƒใ‹ใฃใŸๆ™‚ไปฃใฏใ€
08:26
are either when women are in power, such as Elizabeth I or Queen Victoria,
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ใ‚จใƒชใ‚ถใƒ™ใ‚น1ไธ–ใ‚„ใƒดใ‚ฃใ‚ฏใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขๅฅณ็Ž‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฅณๆ€งใŒๆจฉๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆกใฃใฆใ„ใŸๆ™‚ไปฃใ‹ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚บใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆ
08:29
or when there's a big discussion of feminism
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ๅคงใใช่ญฐ่ซ–ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸๆ™‚ไปฃใงใ€
08:31
and it is really interesting that the last few years,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ใ“ใ“ๆ•ฐๅนดใ€
08:33
there's been so much more discussion of feminism.
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ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚บใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใŒ้žๅธธใซๅข—ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:36
You get a woman on the throne and men go, "Oh, got to grow a beard".
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ๅฅณๆ€งใŒ็Ž‹ไฝใซๅฐฑใใจใ€็”ทๆ€งใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ใใ€ใฒใ’ใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚„ใ•ใชใใ‚ƒใ€ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
08:38
It's really strange.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธๆ€่ญฐใงใ™ใญใ€‚
08:40
Or in the '60s or '70s with all the kind of, you know, big thing about women's lib,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€60 ๅนดไปฃใ‚„ 70 ๅนดไปฃใซ ๅฅณๆ€ง่งฃๆ”พ้‹ๅ‹•ใŒ็››ใ‚“
08:43
suddenly the beard becomes huge here.
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ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€็ช็„ถใ€ใ‚ใ”ใฒใ’ใŒๅคงใใช่ฉฑ้กŒใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:46
Well, needless to say, Lucinda doesn't have a beard,
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ใพใ‚ใ€่จ€ใ†ใพใงใ‚‚ใชใใ€ ใƒซใ‚ทใƒณใƒ€ใฏใฒใ’ใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
08:50
but she certainly knows a lot about them.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใฒใ’ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:52
She's the great-great-granddaughter of famous writer Charles Dickens,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€้žๅธธใซๆดพๆ‰‹ใชใฒใ’ใ‚’ใ€Œ่ช‡็คบใ€ใ—ใŸใ€
08:57
who 'sported' โ€” or 'wore' โ€” a very flamboyant beard.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ่บซใซใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ€ๆœ‰ๅใชไฝœๅฎถใƒใƒฃใƒผใƒซใ‚บใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚บใฎ็Ž„ๅญซใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:01
'Flamboyant' means 'eye-catching and different'.
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ใ€Œ่ฏใ‚„ใ‹ใ€ใจใฏ ใ€Œ็›ฎใ‚’ๅผ•ใใ€ไป–ใจใฏ้•ใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
09:04
Now, did you spot the word
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ใ•ใฆใ€
09:05
for women's struggle to achieve the same rights as men?
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็”ทๆ€งใจๅŒใ˜ๆจฉๅˆฉใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅฅณๆ€งใฎ้—˜ไบ‰ใ‚’่กจใ™่จ€่‘‰ใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
09:09
Yes. It's 'feminism'.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚งใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚บใƒ ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:10
She also talks about 'women's lib', which is short for 'women's liberation'
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใพใŸใ€ใ€Œๅฅณๆ€ง่งฃๆ”พใ€ใฎ็•ฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œใ‚ฆใƒผใƒžใƒณใƒชใƒ–ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชžใฃใฆใŠใ‚Š
09:15
and this has a similar meaning to feminism.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚งใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚บใƒ ใจไผผใŸๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:18
So, what do you think, Neil?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:20
Are beards a show of testosterone in reaction to powerful women?
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ใฒใ’ใฏ ๅŠ›ๅผทใ„ๅฅณๆ€งใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚นใƒ†ใƒญใƒณใฎๅๅฟœใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
09:24
Is that why you've grown your beard?
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ใใ‚Œใง้ซญใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚„ใ—ใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:26
I don't think it's 'testosterone' โ€” that's 'the main male hormone'.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚นใƒ†ใƒญใƒณใ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œไธปใช็”ทๆ€งใƒ›ใƒซใƒขใƒณใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:30
For me, it's laziness. I'm flying the flag for men's lib โ€” liberation from the razor.
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็งใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ€ ๆƒฐใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ ใƒกใƒณใ‚บใƒชใƒ–ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๅ‰ƒๅˆ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่งฃๆ”พใ‚’่จดใˆใ‚‹ๆ——ใ‚’ๆŽฒใ’ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:37
Right. Well, I'm not sure whether that's a worthy cause or not, Neil.
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ๅณใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใฎใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ๅฑ•่ฆงไผšใ€Œใƒ“ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใฎ่ƒŒๅพŒใซใ„ใ‚‹ๅ†™็œŸๅฎถใ€
09:42
Let's hear from Brock Elbank, the photographer behind the exhibition, Beard.
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ใƒ–ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚จใƒซใƒใƒณใ‚ฏใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
09:47
Heโ€™s talking about one of the people he photographed.
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ๅฝผใฏ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒๆ’ฎๅฝฑใ—ใŸไบบ็‰ฉใฎไธ€ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒ‰ใƒ‹ใƒผใซใ„ใŸๆ™‚ใซใ€
09:51
I found Jimmy on a friend's Facebook page whilst I was in Sydney.
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ๅ‹ไบบใฎ Facebook ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใงใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:56
Invited him to come to my home studio for a portrait
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ๅฝผใ‚’่‡ชๅฎ…ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚ธใ‚ชใซๆ‹›ๅพ…ใ—ใฆ ใƒใƒผใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆ’ฎใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„
10:00
and I posted it and it got reblogged over half a million times in four hours.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŠ•็จฟใ—ใŸใ‚‰ 4ๆ™‚้–“ใง50ไธ‡ๅ›žไปฅไธŠใƒชใƒ–ใƒญใ‚ฐใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:06
I mean, I think when Jimmy and I...
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใจ็งใŒโ€ฆ
10:09
When I met Jimmy, he told me about his Beard Season melanoma charity
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ใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใซไผšใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฏ็งใซ ใƒ“ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ‰ใƒปใ‚ทใƒผใ‚บใƒณใฎๆ‚ชๆ€ง้ป’่‰ฒ่…ซๆ…ˆๅ–„ๆดปๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
10:13
and I was kind of on board from the get-go.
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ใ€็งใฏๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰่ณ›ๅŒใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚“ใงใ™ ใ€‚
10:16
So Jimmy must have a pretty awesome beard!
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ใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใฏใใฃใจใ™ใ”ใ„ใฒใ’ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„๏ผ
10:20
Indeed. We should check out the Beard exhibition and find out.
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€‚ ใƒ“ใ‚ขใƒผใƒ‰ๅฑ•ใซ่กŒใฃใฆ ็ขบใ‹ใ‚ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:23
But Jimmy has a beard for a special reason, right, Neil?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใŒใฒใ’ใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚„ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ ็‰นๅˆฅใช็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผŸ
10:27
That's right, yes. Brock mentions Jimmy's melanoma charity.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ–ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใฏใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใฎ้ป’่‰ฒ่…ซๆ…ˆๅ–„ๆดปๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:31
'Melanoma' is 'a serious type of skin cancer'
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ใ€ŒใƒกใƒฉใƒŽใƒผใƒžใ€ใฏ ใ€Œๆทฑๅˆปใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎ็šฎ่†šใŒใ‚“ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
10:34
and Jimmy is raising money and awareness to help people who suffer from it.
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ใ€ใ‚ธใƒŸใƒผใฏ ใƒกใƒฉใƒŽใƒผใƒžใซ่‹ฆใ—ใ‚€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่ณ‡้‡‘ใจๆ„่ญ˜ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
10:39
And Brock says he was 'on board from the get-go' โ€”
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ใใ—ใฆใƒ–ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏๆฐใฏ ใ€Œๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰่ณ›ๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€
10:42
meaning he wanted to be involved with the charity 'right from the start'.
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ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€Œๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎๆ…ˆๅ–„ๆดปๅ‹•ใซ้–ขใ‚ใ‚ŠใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใ ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
10:46
We should also mention Movember and Decembeard โ€”
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ใพใŸใ€Movember ใจ Decembeard ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่งฆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใในใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:50
both campaigns invite men to get hairy for good causes.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒšใƒผใƒณใ‚‚ใ€็”ทๆ€งใซ ่‰ฏใ„็›ฎ็š„ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๆฏ›ใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚„ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ‹งใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:53
That's right, good causes โ€” moustaches in November and beards in December.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€่‰ฏใ„็›ฎ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚ 11ๆœˆใซใฏๅฃใฒใ’ใ€12ๆœˆใซใฏใ‚ใ”ใฒใ’ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:58
Now, let's have the answer to the quiz question.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใฒใ’ใŒๅฅฝใใชไบบใฎ
11:00
I asked what's the name for someone who loves beards.
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ใ“ใจใ‚’ไฝ•ใจๅ‘ผใถใ‹โ€‹โ€‹ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
11:04
Was it a) barbophile? b) pogonopile? Or c) pelophile?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ a) ้…’ๅฅฝใใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‹? b) ใƒใ‚ดใƒŽใƒ‘ใ‚คใƒซ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c) ่ฆชใ‚ขใƒ•ใƒชใ‚ซๆดพ๏ผŸ
11:09
And I said a) barbophile.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏa) barbophileใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:12
Wrong, I'm afraid. The answer is actually b) pogonophile.
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ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้•ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ญ”ใˆใฏๅฎŸใฏ b) pogonophile ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:17
Oh, well, you can't win them all.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ๅ…จ้ƒจๅ‹ใคใ“ใจใฏใงใใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
11:19
Now then, Rob, can we hear today's words again?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
11:22
Sure. We heard...
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่žใ„ใŸ่ฉฑใงใฏ...
11:23
All the rage.
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ๅคงๆต่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:26
Get on a bandwagon.
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ๆ™‚ๆตใซไน—ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:29
Talking point.
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่ฉฑ้กŒใ€‚
11:32
Competitive advantage.
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็ซถไบ‰ไธŠใฎๅ„ชไฝๆ€งใ€‚ ใฒใ’ใ‚’
11:35
Clean-shaven.
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ใใ‚Œใ„ใซๅ‰ƒใฃใŸใ€‚
11:38
Peaked.
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ใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ฏใซ้”ใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:41
Sport.
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ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ€‚
11:44
Flamboyant.
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่ฏใ‚„ใ‹ใ€‚
11:47
Feminism.
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ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒŸใƒ‹ใ‚บใƒ ใ€‚
11:49
Women's lib.
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ๅฅณๆ€ง่งฃๆ”พใ€‚
11:52
Testosterone.
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ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚นใƒ†ใƒญใƒณใ€‚
11:54
Melanoma.
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้ป’่‰ฒ่…ซใ€‚
11:56
On board from the get-go.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:00
Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ6ๅˆ†่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆใ€
12:03
We hope it wasn't too hair-raising for you. Please join us again soon.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆใ‚ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใœใฒใพใŸใŠ่ถŠใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:07
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Goodbye.
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- ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚ - ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
12:09
6 Minute English.
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6ๅˆ†้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
12:11
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
12:14
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:17
And I'm Finn. Hello, Rob.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
12:19
Hi there, Finn. I have to say you've got a lean and hungry look today!
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ็—ฉใ›ใฆ้ฃขใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใญ๏ผ
12:23
Oh, really? I'll take that as a compliment, shall I?
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ ่ค’ใ‚่จ€่‘‰ใจใ—ใฆๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:25
Please do. Do you want a doughnut?
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ใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ‰ใƒผใƒŠใƒ„ใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:28
Actually, yeah โ€” can I have two?
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€2ใคใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
12:31
So, mm, mmm! What are we talking about today, Rob?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ†ใƒผใ‚“๏ผ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹ ใ€ใƒญใƒ–๏ผŸ
12:35
We're talking about 'skinny' โ€” or 'very thin' โ€” models
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ€Œ็—ฉใ›ใŸใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ้žๅธธใซ็—ฉใ›ใŸใ€ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ‚ใ‚Š
12:38
and whether there should be a law banning them from working on the catwalk.
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ใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใงๅƒใใ“ใจใ‚’็ฆๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
12:42
And a 'catwalk' is 'the long runway that models walk down at fashion shows'.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใ€ใจใฏใ€Œ ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใงใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŒๆญฉใ้•ทใ„ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚คใ€ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
12:46
Well, no danger from me there, Rob โ€”
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€็งใซใฏๅฑ้™บใฏใชใ„ใ‘ใฉใ€
12:49
I think I like eating a little bit too much.
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็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใฃใจ้ฃŸใน้ŽใŽใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅฅฝใใชใ‚“ใ ใจๆ€ใ† ใ€‚
12:51
And there's no danger of you becoming a model anyway, Finn,
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ใใ‚Œใซ ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€ๅ›ใฏใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใซใชใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฑ้™บใฏใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใชใŒใ‚‰
12:54
because you're not good-looking enough, I'm afraid!
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ใ€ๅ›ใฏ่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใญ ๏ผ
12:56
Oh, really? OK. Thank you, Rob.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
12:57
โ€” That's very nice of you. โ€” You're welcome.
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โ€” ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚่ฆชๅˆ‡ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ - ใฉใ†ใ„ใŸใ—ใพใ—ใฆใ€‚
12:59
I think it's time for today's quiz question, please.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎๆ™‚้–“ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:02
OK, well, here goes. Which country banned the use of underweight models in 2013?
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ 2013 ๅนดใซไฝŽไฝ“้‡ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’็ฆๆญขใ—ใŸๅ›ฝใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹?
13:08
Was it a) Israel? b) Canada? Or c) the US?
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a)ใ‚คใ‚นใƒฉใ‚จใƒซใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ b) ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c)็ฑณๅ›ฝใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
13:13
You know what? I've got no idea, so I'll take a guess and say a) Israel.
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ใ‚ใฎใญ๏ผŸ ๅ…จใๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ ใฎใงใ€ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใฆ a) ใ‚คใ‚นใƒฉใ‚จใƒซใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:18
OK. Well, we'll find out if that's the right answer later on.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใ‚ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„็ญ”ใˆใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:21
โ€” OK. โ€” So come on, Finn, what do you think?
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- ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ โ€” ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณใ€ใฉใ†ๆ€ใ†๏ผŸ
13:24
Are the models we see on the catwalk and in the media too skinny?
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏ ใ‚„ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใง่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŸใกใฏ็—ฉใ›ใ™ใŽใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
13:28
Well, yeah, I think some models do look fantastic, but others look painfully thin.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็ขบใ‹ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใฒใฉใ็—ฉใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:35
Now, 'the media', by the way,
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ€Œใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€ใจใฏใ€
13:36
refers to 'the different ways information is communicated to us',
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ใ€Œ ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ็งใŸใกใซไผใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ–นๆณ•ใ€ใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใ€
13:40
so, for example, through TV, radio, magazines,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ€ใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ชใ€ ้›‘่ชŒใ€
13:44
and often the internet and newspapers.
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ใใ—ใฆๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ‚„ๆ–ฐ่žใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
13:46
OK. Well, let's listen to Jamie Gavin,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใ‚ทใƒผinPressใฎ
13:49
founder and managing director of media agency inPress,
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ๅ‰ต่จญ่€…ๅ…ผใƒžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒณใ‚ฐใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใฎใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใŒ ใ€
13:52
talking about a new French law being discussed
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13:56
preventing the use of underweight models.
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ไฝŽไฝ“้‡ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’็ฆๆญขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆณ•ๅพ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:59
Can you spot a phrase that means a limit or an ending?
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้™็•Œใ‚„็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹?
14:03
I think it's a BMI of 18 or less that's gonna...
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BMI 18 ไปฅไธ‹ใฏใ€
14:05
that is hopefully gonna be banned by the French Assembly today.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ญฐไผšใง็ฆๆญขใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:09
This is what the US health organization
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็ฑณๅ›ฝใฎไฟๅฅๆฉŸ้–ขใŒ่‡จๅบŠ็š„ใซไธๅฅๅบทใง
14:12
states as being kind of clinically unhealthy,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใง ใ€
14:14
so it's almost like a cut-off point.
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ใปใผใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
14:16
Yes, be thin, yes, be thinner than the general population,
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ใฏใ„ใ€็—ฉใ›ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไธ€่ˆฌไบบใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็—ฉใ›ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:20
but once it starts getting to unhealthy territory,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ไธๅฅๅบทใช้ ˜ๅŸŸใซ้”ใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
14:22
really that's time to start banning it.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ฆๆญขใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ในใๆ™‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:24
And the French Assembly did pass this law a few days later.
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ใใ—ใฆใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ญฐไผšใฏ ๆ•ฐๆ—ฅๅพŒใซใ“ใฎๆณ•ๅพ‹ใ‚’ๅฏๆฑบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:28
Now, did you spot the phrase for 'a limit or an ending'?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œ้™็•ŒใพใŸใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
14:32
It's 'cut-off point'.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:34
Mm, so models that are too thin will be 'banned' โ€”
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็—ฉใ›ใ™ใŽใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฏ ใ€Œ็ฆๆญขใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€
14:37
or 'won't be allowed' โ€” to work and the cut-off point is a BMI of 18 or less.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๅƒใใ“ใจใŒ่จฑๅฏใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใฏ BMI 18 ไปฅไธ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใญใ€‚
14:44
Now 'BMI' stands for 'body mass index'
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€ŒBMIใ€ใฏใ€Œใƒœใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒžใ‚นๆŒ‡ๆ•ฐใ€ใฎ็•ฅใง
14:48
and this is the ratio of a person's height to their weight.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ไบบใฎ่บซ้•ทใจไฝ“้‡ใฎๆฏ”็Ž‡ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:52
'Ratio' means 'the relationship between two things',
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ใ€Œๆฏ”็Ž‡ใ€ใจใฏ ใ€Œ2 ใคใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฎ้–ขไฟ‚ใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€
14:55
showing how big one thing is compared to another.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใŒ ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซๆฏ”ในใฆใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅคงใใ„ใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:59
But what happens if you're just naturally really thin?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚Œใคใใจใฆใ‚‚็—ฉใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
15:03
The authorities could be accused of 'discrimination' against skinny people โ€”
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ๅฝ“ๅฑ€ใฏใ€ ็—ฉใ›ใŸไบบใ€…ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œๅทฎๅˆฅใ€ใ€
15:07
or 'treating some people less fairly than others'.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚’ ไป–ใฎไบบใ€…ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ไธๅ…ฌๅนณใซๆ‰ฑใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ—ใฆ้ž้›ฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
15:10
That's right. It's a good point.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใ„ๆŒ‡ๆ‘˜ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
15:12
And that's why the French authorities and those of some other countries
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚นๅฝ“ๅฑ€ ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ›ฝใฎๅฝ“ๅฑ€ใฏใ€
15:16
are using BMI as a way of deciding.
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ๆฑบๅฎšใฎๆ‰‹ๆฎตใจใ—ใฆ BMI ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:19
So, models with a BMI of 18 or less
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€BMI ใŒ 18 ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฏใ€่บซ้•ทใซ
15:23
weigh too little when compared to how tall they are.
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ๆฏ”ในใฆไฝ“้‡ใŒ่ปฝใ™ใŽใพใ™ ใ€‚
15:26
And 'clinically unhealthy', what does that mean?
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ใ€Œ่‡จๅบŠ็š„ใซไธๅฅๅบทใ€ใจใฏ ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
15:29
Well, it means when you 'need medical treatment for a condition or illness'.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ ็—‡็Šถใ‚„็—…ๆฐ—ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅŒป็™‚ๅ‡ฆ็ฝฎใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:34
Now 'anorexia' is 'an illness where a person refuses to eat,
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็พๅœจใ€ใ€Œๆ‹’้ฃŸ็—‡ใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ
15:37
'in order to lose weight'.
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ไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€้ฃŸในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ‹’ๅฆใ™ใ‚‹็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:39
But some models these days are so skinny they do look anorexic.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎไธญใซใฏใ€ๆ‹’้ฃŸ็—‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใปใฉ็—ฉใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚‚ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:43
You're right.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎๅฅๅบทใ‚’ๅฎˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ
15:44
Let's hear more from Jamie Gavin talking about protecting the health of models.
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่ชžใ‚‹ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใƒปใ‚ฎใƒฃใƒ“ใƒณใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่žใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
15:49
Now, what phrase is used to mean 'the responsibility'?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ€Œ่ฒฌไปปใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใŒไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ้กงๅฎขใฎ้ขๅ€’ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใ‚’ๆŒใค
15:53
The theatrical agents and the modelling agents
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ๆผ”ๅŠ‡ใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆ ใจใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆ
15:56
that have got a responsibility to look after their clients.
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ใ€‚
15:59
There's a huge amount of pressure on both the agent and on the models themselves
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ใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใจใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซ่‡ช่บซใซใฏๅคงใใชใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใŒใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
16:03
and really the buck lies with them in making sure that these people are healthy
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎๅฅๅบท็Šถๆ…‹
16:06
and that they're looking after their careers as well.
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ใจใ‚ญใƒฃใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’ใใกใ‚“ใจ็ฎก็†ใ™ใ‚‹่ฒฌไปปใฏๅฝผใ‚‰ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
16:09
So the problem with the modelling industry
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซๆฅญ็•Œใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€
16:11
is that the agents who employ the girls 'put pressure on' โ€”
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ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŸใกใ‚’้›‡็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใŒใ€ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใŸใกใซไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€Œ ใƒ—ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฃใƒผใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€
16:15
or 'strongly persuade' them โ€” to lose weight.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œๅผทใ่ชฌๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใชใฎใ  ใ€‚
16:18
And in this way they aren't taking care of their clients.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้กงๅฎขใฎไธ–่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
16:22
They are actually putting them at risk.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฑ้™บใซใ•ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
16:25
Now, why's that, Rob?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใชใœใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใƒญใƒ–๏ผŸ
16:26
It's because many people in the fashion industry prefer very thin models,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ๆฅญ็•Œใงใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ดฐใ„ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ไบบใŒๅคšใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€
16:30
so it's a case of supply and demand.
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้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใฎๅ•้กŒใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:33
The agents are simply supplying the fashion industry
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ใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใฏๅ˜ใซ ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณๆฅญ็•Œใซใ€
16:36
with the type of girls they want.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆœ›ใ‚€ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใ‚’ไพ›็ตฆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:37
Mm, right.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
16:38
And what does the reporter mean when he says the buck lies with the agents?
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ใใ—ใฆ่จ˜่€…ใŒ ่ฒฌไปปใฏใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
16:44
When 'the buck lies or stops with someone'
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ใ€Œ่ฒฌไปปใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
16:46
it means it's 'his or her responsibility', not someone else's
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ใ€Œใใฎไบบใฎ่ฒฌไปปใ€ใงใ‚ใฃใฆไป–ไบบใฎ่ฒฌไปปใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Š
16:51
and agents who employed underweight models
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ใ€ไฝŽไฝ“้‡ใฎใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใ‚’้›‡ใฃใŸใ‚จใƒผใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒˆใฏ
16:53
can face fines of up to 75,000 euros,
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ๆœ€้ซ˜7ไธ‡5000ใƒฆใƒผใƒญใฎ็ฝฐ้‡‘ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆ‡ฒๅฝนๅˆ‘ใซๅ‡ฆใ›ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
16:57
or even prison sentences.
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ใ€‚
16:58
OK, shall we hear the answer to today's quiz question?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
17:02
OK.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:03
Well, I asked you which country banned the use of underweight models in 2013?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ 2013 ๅนดใซไฝŽไฝ“้‡ใƒขใƒ‡ใƒซใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’็ฆๆญขใ—ใŸๅ›ฝใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹?
17:07
Was it a) Israel? b) Canada? Or c) the US?
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a)ใ‚คใ‚นใƒฉใ‚จใƒซใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ b) ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c)็ฑณๅ›ฝใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
17:12
I said a) Israel.
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็งใฏa)ใ‚คใ‚นใƒฉใ‚จใƒซใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:14
โ€” And you were right, Finn! Well done. โ€” Oh, right, OK.
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โ€” ใใ—ใฆๅ›ใฎ่จ€ใ†้€šใ‚Šใ ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ€ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒณ๏ผ ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸใ€‚ โ€” ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ†ใ ใญใ€OKใ€‚
17:16
OK, now, shall we listen to the words we learned today?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ็ฟ’ใฃใŸๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ใ€‚
17:19
We heard:
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่žใ„ใŸ่ฉฑใงใฏใ€Œ
17:21
Skinny.
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็—ฉใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
17:23
Catwalk.
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใ‚ฏใ€‚
17:25
Media.
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ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ€‚
17:27
Cut-off point.
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ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ชใƒ•ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ€‚
17:29
Banned.
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็ฆๆญขใ€‚
17:32
BMI โ€” that's Body Mass Index.
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BMI โ€” ใƒœใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒžใ‚นๆŒ‡ๆ•ฐใ€‚
17:36
Ratio.
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ๆฏ”็Ž‡ใ€‚
17:39
Discrimination.
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ๅทฎๅˆฅใ€‚
17:42
Clinically.
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่‡จๅบŠ็š„ใซใ€‚
17:44
Anorexia.
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ๆ‹’้ฃŸ็—‡ใ€‚
17:47
Put pressure on.
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ๅœงๅŠ›ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:50
Supply and demand.
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้œ€่ฆใจไพ›็ตฆใ€‚
17:53
And the buck stops with
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่ฒฌไปปใฏ่ชฐใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎ
17:56
or the buck lies with.
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ใ‹ใ€่ชฐใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€‚
17:58
Thank you.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
17:59
Well, that brings us to the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใง ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ6ๅˆ†่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆœฌๆ—ฅใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใซ
18:02
We hope you had a healthy interest in today's programme.
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ใ”่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
18:05
Please join us again soon.
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ใœใฒใพใŸใŠ่ถŠใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:07
โ€” Doughnut? โ€” Er, go on then.
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- ใƒ‰ใƒผใƒŠใƒ„๏ผŸ โ€” ใˆใƒผใฃใจใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚็ถšใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
18:10
โ€” Bye. โ€” Bye.
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- ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ - ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
18:12
6 Minute English.
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6ๅˆ†้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
18:14
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
18:17
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Catherine.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
18:20
And hello, I'm Rob.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:21
Now, Rob, do you ever buy things at a charity shop?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใง็‰ฉใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ ๏ผŸ
18:25
Yes, I do.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽ˜ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—็‰ฉใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใซใฏ
18:26
They are a great place to pick up a bargain
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ๆœ€้ฉใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ—
18:28
and I also donate items to charity shops too.
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ใ€ ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใซๅ“็‰ฉใ‚’ๅฏ„ไป˜ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
18:32
And a 'charity shop', by the way,
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใฏใ€
18:33
is a 'shop where people take their unwanted items
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ใ€Œไบบใ€…ใŒ ไธ่ฆใซใชใฃใŸๅ“็‰ฉใ‚’ๆŒใก่พผใฟใ€
18:36
'and then the shop sells them and makes money and the money goes to charity'.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฒฉๅฃฒใ—ใฆๅˆฉ็›Šใ‚’ๅพ—ใฆใ€ ใใฎใŠ้‡‘ใŒๆ…ˆๅ–„ๅ›ฃไฝ“ใซๅฏ„ไป˜ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅบ—ใ€ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
18:40
Exactly. That's good to hear, Rob, because 'donating' โ€”
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ใใฎ้€šใ‚Šใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๅฏ„ไป˜ใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œ็ต„็น”ใซ
18:44
that's 'giving money or goods to an organisation' โ€”
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ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚„ๅ“็‰ฉใ‚’ๅฏ„ไป˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใฏใ€
18:47
helps charities raise money.
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ๆ…ˆๅ–„ๅ›ฃไฝ“ใŒ่ณ‡้‡‘ใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:49
And you might be interested to know that dressing up in second-hand clothes
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ๅค็€ใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ
18:53
is back in fashion โ€” well, sort of.
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ๅ†ใณๆต่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ โ€• ใพใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณ โ€• ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
18:56
And that's what we're discussing today โ€”
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใกใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
18:58
is looking like you're dressing in charity shop clothes a new fashion statement?
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ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใง่ฒทใฃใŸๆœใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
19:04
Hm, it should be interesting.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€้ข็™ฝใใ†ใ ใชใ€‚
19:05
But first, Catherine, aren't you going to set me a question to answer?
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใพใšใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€ ็งใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ในใ่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
19:09
And not a second-hand one, please!
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ไธญๅคๅ“ใฏใ”้ ๆ…ฎใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
19:11
It's a brand-new question today, Rob, for you and the listeners at home โ€”
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ใƒญใƒ–ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใจ่‡ชๅฎ…ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใจใฃใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใพใฃใŸใๆ–ฐใ—ใ„่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚่‹ฑๅ›ฝใง
19:15
do you know when the first official charity shop opened its doors in the UK?
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ…ฌๅผ ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใŒใ„ใคใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณใ—ใŸใ‹ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹?
19:22
Was it in a) 1928? b) 1948? Or c) 1968?
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ใใ‚Œใฏ1928ๅนดใงใ—ใŸใ‹? b) 1948ๅนด? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c) 1968ๅนดใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
19:30
I'll go for 1948.
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็งใฏ 1948 ๅนดใ‚’้ธใณใพใ™ใ€‚
19:32
OK, and we'll find out the answer later.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็ญ”ใˆใฏๅพŒใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:36
But now back to our discussion about charity shops and fashion.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใจใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ญฐ่ซ–ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:40
And there's a new look in town, which some people are calling scumbro.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่ก—ใซใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้ขจ่ฒŒใŒ็พใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ ไธ€้ƒจใฎไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚นใ‚ซใƒ ใƒ–ใƒญใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
19:45
Scumbro combines the word 'scummy' โ€” which means 'dirty and messy' โ€”
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Scumbro ใฏใ€ ใ€Œๆฑšใ„ใ€ไนฑ้›‘ใชใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œscummyใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชž
19:50
with the word 'bro', which is an informal way of referring to a boy or man.
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ใจใ€ ็”ทใฎๅญใ‚„็”ทๆ€งใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ™้žๅ…ฌๅผใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œbroใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
19:57
So 'scumbro' is 'a fashion for men', but women can adopt it too.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œscumbroใ€ใฏใ€Œ็”ทๆ€งๅ‘ใ‘ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ใงใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฅณๆ€งใ‚‚ๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
20:02
Mm, it's a bit of an insulting name
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจไพฎ่พฑ็š„ใชๅๅ‰ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
20:04
and here's the odd thing about this new fashion style โ€”
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ ใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใชใจใ“ใ‚ใฏใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผ ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใง่ฒทใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใช
20:07
being scumbro is about buying expensive designer brands
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้ซ˜ไพกใชใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒŠใƒผ ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใฎใŒใ€ใ‚นใ‚ซใƒ ใƒ–ใƒญใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
20:10
that look like they're from a charity shop. Very odd!
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ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงใ™ใญ๏ผ
20:13
Well, it's something Amber Graafland knows about.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒผใƒปใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒผใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:17
She's the Fashion & Beauty Director for the Daily Mirror newspaper
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒ‡ใ‚คใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒŸใƒฉใƒผ็ด™ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ๏ผ†ใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒฌใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใƒผใง
20:21
and she's been telling BBC Radio 4's You and Yours programme all about it.
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ใ€BBCใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ช4ใฎใ€Œ You and Yoursใ€็•ช็ต„ใงใใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
20:27
So, how did this trend start?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฏใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
20:31
Well, I think the name came from a Vanity Fair article,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ“ใฎๅๅ‰ใฏ ใƒดใ‚กใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ขใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆใ„ใ‚‹
20:33
and I think Justin Bieber, the likes of Jonah Hill to thank for this look,
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ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใƒปใƒ“ใƒผใƒใƒผใ€ ใ‚ธใƒงใƒŠใƒปใƒ’ใƒซใ€
20:37
and Pete Davidson, who's actually the fiancรฉe of Ariana Grande โ€”
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ‚ขใƒชใ‚ขใƒŠใƒปใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒณใƒ‡ใฎๅฉš็ด„่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ”ใƒผใƒˆใƒปใƒ‡ใ‚คใƒ“ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ฝใƒณใฎใŠใ‹ใ’ใงใ“ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใŒ็”Ÿใพใ‚ŒใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:41
he's definitely one of the founding fathers of scumbro.
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ๅฝผใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ ใ‚ฏใ‚บ้‡Ž้ƒŽใ€‚
20:44
And I think, like most of these trends, they're started by celebrities
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆœ‰ๅไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œ
20:48
and then, I mean, look, it's been picked up by everybody by the sounds of things.
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ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็‰ฉไบ‹ใฎ้Ÿณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒๅ–ใ‚Šๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:52
OK, so the fashion magazine Vanity Fair invented the name,
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็ขบใ‹ใซใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ้›‘่ชŒใ€Žใƒดใ‚กใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒปใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚ขใ€ใŒ ใ“ใฎๅ็งฐใ‚’่€ƒๆกˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
20:56
but the trend has spread,
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ใŒใ€
20:57
because celebrities have been dressing in this style.
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ใ‚ปใƒฌใƒ–ใŸใกใŒ ใ“ใฎใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ‚’่บซใซใคใ‘ใŸใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใŒๅบƒใพใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
21:00
Yes and Amber mentioned a number of celebrities
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ใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใจใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒผใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ€Œๅ‰ตๅง‹่€…ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๆœ‰ๅไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅ‰ตๅง‹่€…ใจใฏใ€
21:03
who are the 'founding fathers' of the trend โ€”
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21:06
that's a term used to describe 'people who start an idea or an organisation'.
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ใ€Œ ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚„็ต„็น”ใ‚’็ซ‹ใกไธŠใ’ใŸไบบใ€…ใ€ใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
21:12
Yes, the trend has been 'picked up' โ€” or 'copied' โ€”
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฏ
21:14
by people who you might describe as 'fashion victims' โ€”
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ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็Š ็‰ฒ่€…ใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใซ
21:17
'people who have to follow the latest fashion trends'.
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ๅพ“ใ‚ใ–ใ‚‹ใ‚’ๅพ—ใชใ„ไบบใ€…ใ€ใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ€Œๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ€ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
21:20
Well, Rob, I'm no fashion victim,
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€็งใฏใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็Š ็‰ฒ่€…ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
21:23
but I say, maybe one day, I might want to look scumbro โ€” or maybe scumsis!
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ใŒใ€ใ„ใคใ‹ใ€ ใ‚นใ‚ซใƒ ใƒ–ใƒญใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ‚นใ‚ซใƒ ใ‚ทใ‚นใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
21:29
So how exactly should I dress?
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ใงใฏๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆœ่ฃ…ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ„ใ„ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
21:32
OK, well, let's hear from Amber Graafland again.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ๅ†ใณใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒผใƒปใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒผใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
21:34
How does she describe the characteristics of this fashion trend?
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ“ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฎ็‰นๅพดใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กจ็พใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ?
21:39
It's all about wearing these oversized clothes that are overpriced
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ€คๆฎตใŒ้ซ˜ใ™โ€‹โ€‹ใŽใ‚‹็‰นๅคงใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚บใฎๆœใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Š
21:42
and I think it's not just about looking like
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ใ€ ๅ˜ใซ
21:44
you've rummaged in a teenager's dressing up box.
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ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒณใ‚จใ‚คใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใฎ่กฃ่ฃ…็ฎฑใ‚’ๆผใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:46
These are very, very expensive items โ€”
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ไพกใชๅ“็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
21:48
you mentioned the labels Prada, Versace, Gucci, Supreme โ€”
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒ€ใ€ใƒดใ‚งใƒซใ‚ตใƒผใƒใ€ใ‚ฐใƒƒใƒใ€ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒ—ใƒชใƒผใƒ ใจใ„ใฃใŸใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใŸ
21:51
while it's basically about looking simultaneously like you've made no effort,
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ใŒใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ ๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
21:56
but the underlying thing is you do need to see that the effort has gone in there.
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ใŒใ€ใใฎๆ นๅบ•ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ๅŠชๅŠ›ใŒๆณจใŒใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆ‹ๆฅตใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใฏใ€‚
22:00
Wow, this fashion trend does involve a lot of effort!
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใฏ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆ‰‹้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญ๏ผ
22:03
It's not just about looking messy โ€”
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅ˜ใซไนฑ้›‘ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใใ€
22:05
like you've rummaged in a teenager's dressing up box.
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10ไปฃใฎๅญไพ›ใฎ่กฃ่ฃ…็ฎฑใ‚’ๆผใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใช่ฆ‹ใŸ็›ฎใงใ™ใ€‚
22:08
'Rummaging' is when you 'search for something
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ใ€Œใ‹ใๅ›žใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€
22:10
'that's mixed up in lots of other things'.
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ไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎ็‰ฉใซๆททใ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:12
No, don't be rummaging!
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ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ๆŽขใ—ๅ›žใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ
22:14
The trick seems to be to look like you've not made any effort,
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ใ‚ณใƒ„ใฏใ€ ๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใ›
22:18
but at the same time, you're showing that you have made an effort.
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ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ ๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
22:22
And that's the meaning of the word 'simultaneously' โ€”
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ใ€ŒๅŒๆ™‚ใซใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œ
22:26
'doing one thing at the same time as another thing'.
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ไธ€ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ ๅˆฅใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:30
And I guess by showing you've made an effort, you wear designer labels,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅŠชๅŠ›ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ ใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ถใ‚คใƒŠใƒผใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎๆœใ‚’็€ใฆใ€
22:34
showing you've paid lots of money.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ™ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:36
The issue here is clothes from charity shops are supposed to be cheap.
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅ•้กŒใจใชใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใฎๆœใฏๅฎ‰ใ„ใฏใšใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
22:40
Some people even buy these clothes because it is all they can afford,
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ไธญใซใฏใ€่ฒทใˆใ‚‹ใŠ้‡‘ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใ—ใ‹ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใจใ„ใ†็†็”ฑใงใ€ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸๆœใ‚’่ฒทใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใŒใ€็šฎ่‚‰
22:44
but the irony here is some people are choosing to pay lots and lots of money
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ใชใ“ใจใซใ€ๅค็€ใ‚’
22:50
to look like they're wearing second-hand clothes
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็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅคง้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใฆ
22:53
and the charity shops aren't making any money from it.
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ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใฏ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๅ„ฒใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ€‚
22:56
Mm, well, if you're a fashion victim, it's something you have to do.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใพใ‚ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒ“ใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚„ใ‚‰ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
23:00
And there's one thing I have to do now
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ไปŠ็งใŒใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒไธ€ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
23:03
and that's give you the answer to today's quiz question.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
23:06
So I asked you earlier
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใง
23:08
when the first official charity shop opened its doors in the UK.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅ…ฌๅผใƒใƒฃใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใŒใ„ใค ใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณใ—ใŸใฎใ‹ใจใŠๅฐ‹ใญใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:12
And I said 1948.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏ 1948 ๅนดใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:14
And you are correct this week, Rob. Well done!
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠ้€ฑใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆญฃ่งฃใงใ™ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใใ‚„ใฃใŸ๏ผ
23:17
The very first shop, run by the charity Oxfam,
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ๆ…ˆๅ–„ๅ›ฃไฝ“ใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ ใŒ้‹ๅ–ถใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅบ—ใฏใ€
23:21
opened its doors in Oxford in 1948,
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23:24
as a direct result of an appeal launched to help postwar Greece.
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ๆˆฆๅพŒใฎใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃใ‚’ๆ”ฏๆดใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ซ‹ใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใฎ็›ดๆŽฅ็š„ใช็ตๆžœใจใ—ใฆใ€1948ๅนดใซใ‚ชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ‰ใซใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:29
Very interesting.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
23:31
Right, well, let's remind ourselves of some of today's vocabulary,
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ใงใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใพใšใฏใ€ใ€Œ
23:34
starting with the word 'donating'
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23:36
which means 'giving goods or money to an organisation or charity'.
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็ต„็น”ใ‚„ๆ…ˆๅ–„ๅ›ฃไฝ“ใซ็‰ฉๅ“ใ‚„ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๅฏ„ไป˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ€Œๅฏ„ไป˜ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
23:41
Then we mentioned 'founding fathers' โ€”
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ๆฌกใซใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œๅ‰ตๅง‹่€…ใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚„็ต„็น”ใ‚’็ซ‹ใกไธŠใ’ใŸ
23:43
a term used to describe 'people who start an idea or an organisation'.
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ไบบใ€…ใ€ใ‚’่กจใ™ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็”จ่ชžใงใ™ ใ€‚
23:48
We also mentioned that Catherine was no 'fashion victim' โ€”
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ใพใŸใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใฏ ใ€Œใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็Š ็‰ฒ่€…ใ€ใ€ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’
23:52
'a person who has to follow the latest fashion trends'.
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่ฟฝใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ไบบ ใ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ‚‚่ฟฐในใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
23:55
'Rummaging' was a word that described
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ใ€ŒRummagingใ€ใฏใ€ใ€Œไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใจ
23:57
'searching for something that's mixed up with lots of other things'.
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ๆททใ–ใฃใŸไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจ ใ€ใ‚’่กจใ™่จ€่‘‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:00
And then we had 'simultaneously'
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€ŒๅŒๆ™‚ใซใ€ใฏ
24:02
which means 'doing one thing at the same time as doing something else'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ† ใจๅŒๆ™‚ใซไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
24:07
Well, you can simultaneously listen to this programme
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ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่žใ
24:10
and look at our website, if you like.
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ใชใŒใ‚‰ๅŒๆ™‚ใซๅผŠ็คพใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
24:12
The web address is BBC Learning English dot com.
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใฏ BBC Learning English dot com ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:16
But thatโ€™s all we have time for now.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠใฎใจใ“ใ‚ๆ™‚้–“ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:18
Join us again next time. Goodbye.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใ‚‚ใพใŸใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
24:19
Bye-bye.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚
24:21
6 Minute English.
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6ๅˆ†้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
24:23
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
24:26
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Sophie.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
24:29
And I'm Neil.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
24:31
I see you're wearing trainers today, Neil.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใญใ€‚
24:33
Of course, I don't wear anything else.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏ็€ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:35
Well, trainers โ€” or to use the American term, sneakers โ€”
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ็•ช็ต„ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใฏใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซๅผใฎ
24:39
are the subject of today's show.
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็”จ่ชžใง่จ€ใ†ใจใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
24:41
They are 'ubiquitous' โ€” that means you can 'find them everywhere'!
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€Œใฉใ“ใงใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
24:45
People wear them across the globe โ€” men, women, kids, teenagers and pensioners.
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็”ทๆ€งใ€ ๅฅณๆ€งใ€ๅญไพ›ใ€ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒณใ‚จใ‚คใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ€ๅนด้‡‘ๅ—็ตฆ่€…ใชใฉใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใงไบบใ€…ใŒใƒžใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’็€็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹
24:52
And did you know that 85% of people who buy trainers don't wear them for sport?
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ไบบใฎ 85% ใฏใ€ ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใงใ™ใ‹?
24:57
Mm, that makes sense to me. I wear mine because they're comfortable.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ดๅพ—ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฑฅใๅฟƒๅœฐใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใฎใงๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
25:00
They're also very 'tatty' โ€” that means 'old and in bad condition' โ€”
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใพใŸใ€้žๅธธใซใ€Œใผใ‚ใผใ‚ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๅคใใฆ็Šถๆ…‹ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:05
if you don't mind me saying so.
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ใใ†่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅทฎใ—ๆ”ฏใˆใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:06
Hmm, I should probably get a new pair.
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ใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฒทใฃใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
25:09
There's a lot of choice out there โ€”
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25:11
high-tops, GEL, Air, classic, retro, the list goes on.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใ€GELใ€Airใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚ทใƒƒใ‚ฏใ€ใƒฌใƒˆใƒญใชใฉใ€้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:16
But before we go any further, I have a question for you.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ…ˆใซ้€ฒใ‚€ๅ‰ใซใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซ่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใ‚’่กจใ™
25:20
What's a popular US slang term for trainers?
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไฟ—่ชžใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ ?
25:24
Is it a) kicks? b) wedges? Or c) flats?
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ใใ‚Œใฏa)ใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ b) ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ธ? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c)ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ‹?
25:29
I'll go for kicks.
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ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใฟใพใ™ใ€‚
25:31
OK, well, we'll find out if you got the answer right later on in the show.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็•ช็ต„ใฎๅพŒๅŠใงๆญฃ่งฃใ ใฃใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
25:37
Now, it has become socially acceptable to wear athletic 'apparel' or 'clothing',
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ไปŠใงใฏใ€10 ๅนดๅ‰ใซใฏๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ ้‹ๅ‹•็”จใฎใ€Œใ‚ขใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒซใ€ใ‚„ใ€Œ่กฃ้กžใ€ใ‚’็€็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ็คพไผš็š„ใซๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
25:42
including trainers, in situations where ten years ago it would not.
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ใ€‚
25:47
Yes, I think my apparel of jeans and tatty trainers is socially acceptable โ€”
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ธใƒผใƒณใ‚บใจใผใ‚ใผใ‚ใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจใ„ใ†็งใฎๆœ่ฃ…ใฏใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚่ทๅ ดใงใฏ ็คพไผš็š„ใซๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
25:51
at our workplace, anyway.
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ใ€‚
25:53
Mark Zuckerberg, founder of Facebook,
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ใƒ•ใ‚งใ‚คใ‚นใƒ–ใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅ‰ต่จญ่€…ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ถใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚ฐใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚„ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจใ„ใฃใŸ
25:55
is famous for his 'dressed-down' โ€” or 'informal' โ€” look of hoodies and trainers.
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ใ€Œใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏ ใ€Œใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชใ€ๆœ่ฃ…ใงๆœ‰ๅใ ใ€‚ ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰
26:01
You can pay anything from a few pounds for unbranded trainers
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ใฎไป˜ใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใชใ‚‰ๆ•ฐใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
26:04
to thousands of pounds for limited edition brands like Nike or Adidas โ€”
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ใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ญใ‚„ใ‚ขใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒ€ใ‚นใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช้™ๅฎš็‰ˆใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใชใ‚‰ๆ•ฐๅƒใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใพใงใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๅ€คๆฎตใŒใคใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
26:10
and 'limited edition' means 'something produced in very small numbers'.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ้™ๅฎš็‰ˆใ€ใจใฏใ€Œ ้žๅธธใซๅฐ‘้‡็”Ÿ็”ฃใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:14
Why would anybody spend ยฃ1,000 on trainers?
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ใชใœ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใซ1,000ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚‚่ฒปใ‚„ใ™ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
26:17
And how many people would actually recognise
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ใงใฏใ€
26:20
that you were wearing Nike limited edition ones rather than regular ones?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้€šๅธธใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใงใฏใชใใ€ใƒŠใ‚คใ‚ญใฎ้™ๅฎš็‰ˆใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใไบบใฏไฝ•ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
26:24
Other sneakerheads, Neil.
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ไป–ใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใƒ˜ใƒƒใ‚บใŸใกใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚
26:26
A 'sneakerhead' is 'somebody who collects limited edition sneakers'.
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ใ€Œใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€ใจใฏใ€ใ€Œ ้™ๅฎš็‰ˆใฎใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅŽ้›†ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
26:30
It's an American term.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ็”จ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
26:32
But trainers are not new.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
26:34
In the 19th century, people wore sneakers as a mark of their 'prosperity' โ€”
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19 ไธ–็ด€ใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ ใ€Œ็นๆ „ใ€
26:39
or 'economic success'.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€Œ็ตŒๆธˆ็š„ๆˆๅŠŸใ€ใฎ่ฑกๅพดใจใ—ใฆใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒŠใƒ€ใฎใƒˆใƒญใƒณใƒˆใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒใ‚ฟ้ดๅš็‰ฉ้คจใฎใ‚ญใƒฅใƒฌใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ€
26:41
Let's listen to Elizabeth Semmelhack,
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ใ‚จใƒชใ‚ถใƒ™ใ‚นใƒปใ‚ปใƒกใƒซใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚“ใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
26:44
curator of the Bata Shoe Museum in Toronto in Canada.
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ใ€‚
26:49
This new industrial age actually ushered in a new class, the emerging middle class,
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ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็”ฃๆฅญๆ™‚ไปฃใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้šŽ็ดšใ€ใคใพใ‚Šๆ–ฐ่ˆˆไธญๆต้šŽ็ดšใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
26:55
that was able to, now, have leisure time, because of their new economic success.
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ๆ–ฐใŸใช็ตŒๆธˆ็š„ๆˆๅŠŸใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šไฝ™ๆš‡ใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:01
And so what they did was they wanted to sort of express
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ใใ“ใงๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ€้Šใถใ“ใจใงไฝ™ๆš‡ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใ‚’ ่กจ็พใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ—ใŸ
27:04
the fact that they had leisure time by playing,
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27:08
but they also wanted to signify
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ใŒใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซ
27:10
that they were doing these things by their sartorial choices.
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ๆœ่ฃ…ใฎ้ธๆŠžใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใ‚‚ไฝ™ๆš‡ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
27:14
And so the sneaker, in part, was invented to meet the needs of this new class,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„้šŽ็ดšใฎใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๆบ€ใŸใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ็™บๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎ
27:19
so that they could very conspicuously show that they were playing.
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ใงใ€ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒใƒ—ใƒฌใƒผใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้žๅธธใซ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:24
What does it mean to 'usher in', Sophie?
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ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€'ๆกˆๅ†…ใ™ใ‚‹' ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹?
27:26
It means 'to mark the beginning of something'.
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ‚’็คบใ™ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
27:29
In this case, the Industrial Revolution
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็”ฃๆฅญ้ฉๅ‘ฝใฏใ€
27:31
marked the beginning of a new social class, the middle class,
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27:35
who made a lot of money from industry.
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็”ฃๆฅญใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคš้กใฎ้‡‘ใ‚’็จผใ„ใ ไธญๆต้šŽ็ดšใจใ„ใ†ๆ–ฐใ—ใ„็คพไผš้šŽ็ดšใฎๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:38
And why were they interested in trainers?
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ใใ—ใฆใชใœๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใŸใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
27:40
They wanted a way of showing people
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŸใกใฏใ€
27:42
that they were so rich they didn't need to work all the time
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใŸใกใฏ่ฃ•็ฆใชใฎใง ๅธธใซๅƒใๅฟ…่ฆใฏใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ไบบใ€…ใซ็คบใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใŠใ‚Š
27:45
and by wearing trainers, they were saying, "I'm busy playing tennis".
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ใ€ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใใ“ใจใง ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ‚ขใƒ”ใƒผใƒซใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
27:50
'Sartorial', by the way, means 'related to clothes'.
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ใกใชใฟใซใ€ใ€Œใ‚ตใƒซใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใ€ใจใฏ ใ€Œ่กฃๆœใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
27:54
These days, wearing trainers doesn't reveal much about social class.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅฑฅใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใจใ„ใฃใฆ ็คพไผš้šŽ็ดšใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Šใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
27:57
For example, Mark Zuckerberg and I
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใƒปใ‚ถใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใƒใƒผใ‚ฐใจ็งใฏใ€ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใจใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’็€ใ‚‹ใจ
27:59
look surprisingly similar in our hoodies and trainers.
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้ฉšใใปใฉไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
28:02
You'd have to guess which one of us was a multibillionaire and which one was not!
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็งใŸใกใฎใ†ใกใฎ่ชฐใŒไฝ• ๅๅ„„ใƒ‰ใƒซใ‚‚ใฎๅฏŒ่ฑชใงใ€่ชฐใŒใใ†ใงใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚’ๆŽจๆธฌใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
28:07
People respond to current trends in popular sport
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ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ๅฑฅใใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใ‚’้€šใ˜ใฆไบบๆฐ—ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใซๅๅฟœใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
28:10
through the trainers they wear
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28:12
and here's Matt Powell for the US consumer research group, NPD, to tell us more.
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็ฑณๅ›ฝใฎๆถˆ่ฒป่€…่ชฟๆŸปใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ— NPD ใฎใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใƒปใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใ‚จใƒซๆฐใŒใ€ใใฎ ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’่ชžใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
28:19
When I first got into the retail business in the '70s,
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็งใŒ 70 ๅนดไปฃใซๅˆใ‚ใฆๅฐๅฃฒๆฅญใซๆบใ‚ใฃใŸใจใใ€
28:22
the sexy sport, if you will, was tennis.
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ใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใชใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใจใ„ใˆใฐใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:25
And we all wore tennis apparel for casual wear
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏใฟใ‚“ใชๆ™ฎๆฎต็€ใจใ—ใฆใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚ขใ‚’็€ใฆ
28:27
and we played tennis and we wore tennis shoes
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ใ€ใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚’ใ— ใ€ใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ๅฑฅใใ€ใƒžใƒƒใ‚ฑใƒณใƒญใƒผใ‚„ใƒœใƒซใ‚ฐใ€ใ‚ณใƒŠใƒผใ‚บใฎ
28:30
and we identified with athletes like McEnroe and Borg and Connors.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚ขใ‚นใƒชใƒผใƒˆใŸใกใจ่‡ชๅˆ†ใ‚’ๅŒไธ€่ฆ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
28:35
Over time, though, it has become even a broader range.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€ ใใฎ็ฏ„ๅ›ฒใฏใ•ใ‚‰ใซๅบƒใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ 1970 ๅนดไปฃ
28:39
There was a jogging craze in the '70s โ€” everybody was out jogging,
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ใซใฏใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใŒๅคงๆต่กŒใ— ใ€่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใ€
28:44
and then that became a full-fledged running business.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ ๆœฌๆ ผ็š„ใชใƒฉใƒณใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใซ็™บๅฑ•ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:47
The basketball business really exploded in the mid-late '80s
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ใƒใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซๆฅญ็•Œใฏใ€ใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฑใƒซใƒปใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใƒ€ใƒณใฎ็™ปๅ ดใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€80ๅนดไปฃๅŠใฐใ‹ใ‚‰ๅพŒๅŠใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆ็ˆ†็™บ็š„ใซๆˆ้•ทใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
28:51
with the emergence of Michael Jordan.
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ใ€‚
28:54
So Matt Powell knows a thing or two about current consumer trends โ€”
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ใƒžใƒƒใƒˆใƒปใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใ‚จใƒซใฏ ็พๅœจใฎๆถˆ่ฒป่€…ๅ‹•ๅ‘ใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšๅฐ‘ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
28:59
he says in the 1970s there was a 'craze' โ€” or 'enthusiasm' โ€” for tennis and jogging
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1970ๅนดไปฃใซใฏ ใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚„ใ‚ธใƒงใ‚ฎใƒณใ‚ฐใŒใ€Œๅคงๆต่กŒใ€ใ—
29:06
and this led to big sales of the apparel associated with these sports.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใŸใ‚ขใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒซใฎๅคงใใชๅฃฒใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใซใคใชใŒใฃใŸใจ่ชžใ‚‹ ใ€‚
29:10
Are tennis shoes still sexy, Sophie?
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ใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚ทใƒฅใƒผใ‚บใฏใพใ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผ๏ผŸ
29:13
Maybe, but basketball high-tops are sexier.
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ๅคšๅˆ†ใใ†ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ‘ใฉใ€ใƒใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎใƒใ‚คใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใฎๆ–น ใŒใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
29:16
Michael Jordan started that trend back in the 1980s and it's still going strong.
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ใƒžใ‚คใ‚ฑใƒซใƒปใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใƒ€ใƒณใŒ1980ๅนดไปฃใซใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ— ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚ๅ‹ขใ„ใ‚’ๅข—ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
29:22
Well, we're running out of time.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใชใใชใฃใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
29:24
Let's go back to our quiz question.
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ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒŠใƒผใฎ
29:27
I asked you what is a slang term for trainers?
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ไฟ—่ชžใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใจๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
29:30
Is it a) kicks? b) wedges? Or c) flats?
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ใใ‚Œใฏa)ใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ b) ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ธ? ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚c)ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใงใ™ใ‹?
29:35
It has to be kicks. I'm right, aren't I?
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ญใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
29:37
I have to tell you, Neil, you're right!
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ๅ›ใฎ่จ€ใ†้€šใ‚Šใ ใ‚ˆ๏ผ
29:40
Yes!
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ใฏใ„๏ผ
29:42
'Wedges' are 'shoes or boots with a triangular wedge-shaped heel'
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ใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ธใ€ใจใฏใ€Œ ไธ‰่ง’ๅฝขใฎใใ•ใณๅฝขใฎใƒ’ใƒผใƒซใŒไป˜ใ„ใŸ้ดใพใŸใฏใƒ–ใƒผใƒ„ใ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
29:46
and 'flats' are 'a woman's shoe with no heel'.
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ใ€ใ€Œใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใจใฏใ€Œ ใƒ’ใƒผใƒซใฎใชใ„ๅฅณๆ€ง็”จใฎ้ดใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใ‚‰
29:49
I 'know my onions', you see, Sophie.
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ใ€็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ ใ‚ˆใ€ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€‚
29:52
Yes, in other words, you 'know a lot about something you do'.
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ใฏใ„ใ€่จ€ใ„ๆ›ใˆใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
29:56
Now, let's remember the words we heard today.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅ่žใ„ใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
29:59
Ubiquitous.
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ใฉใ“ใซใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
30:01
Tatty.
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ใผใ‚ใผใ‚ใ€‚
30:03
Apparel.
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ใ‚ขใƒ‘ใƒฌใƒซใ€‚ ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซ
30:04
Dressed down.
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ใชๆœ่ฃ…ใ€‚
30:06
Limited edition.
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้™ๅฎš็‰ˆใ€‚
30:08
Sneakerhead.
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ใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใƒ˜ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ€‚
30:10
Prosperity.
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็นๆ „ใ€‚
30:11
Usher in.
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ใ”ๆกˆๅ†…ใ€‚
30:13
Sartorial.
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ใŠๆด’่ฝใซใ€‚
30:15
Craze.
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็†ฑ็‹‚ใ€‚
30:17
Know your onions.
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่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’่บซใซใคใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
30:18
That's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ6ๅˆ†่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
30:21
Don't forget to join us again soon!
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ใœใฒใพใŸใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ
30:23
โ€” Goodbye. โ€” Bye-bye!
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- ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ - ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚ค๏ผ
30:25
6 Minute English.
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6ๅˆ†้–“่‹ฑ่ชžใ€‚
30:26
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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