Curbing our plastic addiction - 6 Minute English

208,647 views ใƒป 2018-10-11

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:05
Neil: Hello, and welcome to 6 Minute
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Neil: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€6 Minute English ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ
00:07
English. I'm Neil.
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Rob: And hello, I'm Rob.
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:09
Neil: Today we're talking about plastic.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:12
Rob: Yes, it's our addiction to plastic that's
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใฏใ„ใ€ๆ‡ธๅฟตใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็งใŸใกใฎใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใธใฎไธญๆฏ’ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:14
of concern because this material doesn't
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ“ใฎๆๆ–™ใฏ
00:16
decay very quickly, so once we've used it,
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ใ™ใใซใฏ่…ๆ•—ใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ไธ€ๅบฆไฝฟ็”จ
00:18
it hangs around for a very long time.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€้žๅธธใซ้•ทใ„้–“ๆฎ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:20
Neil: It is a problem - and decay, by the
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ใใ‚Œใฏๅ•้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚ใกใชใฟใซใ€ๅดฉๅฃŠใจใฏใ€
00:23
way, describes the natural process of
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00:25
something being destroyed or breaking
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็ ดๅฃŠใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹
00:28
down into small particles. We hear so
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ใ€ๅฐใ•ใช็ฒ’ๅญใซๅˆ†่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‡ช็„ถใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:30
much about the consequences of
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00:32
having too much waste plastic around,
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šใซใ‚‚ๅคšใใฎๅปƒใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅ‘จใ‚Šใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ็ตๆžœใซใคใ„ใฆใ€
00:33
don't we?
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™ใญใ€‚
00:34
Rob: Indeed. Not only does it cause a
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ๆททไนฑใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ™ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
00:35
mess - wildlife, particularly marine
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ใ€้‡Ž็”Ÿ็”Ÿ็‰ฉใ€็‰นใซๆตทๆด‹
00:38
animals, are at risk when they become
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ๅ‹•็‰ฉใฏใ€
00:39
entangled in plastic waste, or ingest it.
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏๅปƒๆฃ„็‰ฉใซๅทปใ่พผใพใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ‘‚ๅ–ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅฑ้™บใซใ•ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™.
00:43
It's an issue that needs tackling -
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ๅฟ…่ฆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใงใ™
00:45
or dealing with. And that's what we'll
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ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฏพๅ‡ฆใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒไปŠๆ—ฅ็งใŸใก
00:47
be discussing today and finding out what
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ใŒ่ญฐ่ซ–ใ—ใ€
00:48
could be done to solve this plastic crisis.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏๅฑๆฉŸใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝ•ใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™.
00:51
Neil: OK, first, let's challenge you to
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใพใšใ€
00:53
answer a question about plastic, Rob.
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ณชๅ•ใซ็ญ”ใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใƒญใƒ–ใ€‚
00:56
The first synthetic plastic - that's plastic
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅˆๆˆใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ (
00:58
made entirely from man-made materials -
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใซไบบๅทฅๆๆ–™ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ) ใฏ
01:00
was created over 100 years ago. Do you
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ใ€100 ๅนดไปฅไธŠๅ‰ใซไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:03
know what its brand name was? Was it...
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ใใฎใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ๅใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใฃใŸใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ...
01:06
a) Bakelite, b) Lucite or c) Formica?
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a) ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ€b) ใƒซใƒผใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ€c) ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใ‚คใ‚ซใฎใฉใ‚Œใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:11
Rob: I'm no expert, so I'll say c) Formica.
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Rob: ็งใฏๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€c) Formica ใจ็ญ”ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Neil: Well, we'll reveal the answer at the
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ—ใพใ™
01:16
end of the programme. Now let's talk more
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:18
about plastic. This man-mad substance
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎไบบ้–“ใŒ็™บ็‹‚ใ—ใŸ็‰ฉ่ณช
01:21
is everywhere - from clothing to crisp
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ใฏใ€่กฃๆœใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ‘ใƒชใƒ‘ใƒชใฎ
01:23
packets, and bottles to buckets.
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ๅฐๅŒ…ใ€ใƒœใƒˆใƒซใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒใ‚ฑใƒ„ใพใงใ€ใ„ใŸใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:25
Rob: But the problem is that most of it isn't
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใงใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใฏใ€ใใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใŒ็”Ÿๅˆ†่งฃๆ€งใงใฏใชใ„
01:28
biodegradable - that's a word that
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
01:29
describes something that can decay
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01:31
naturally without harming anything. Each
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใซใ‚‚ๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ใ“ใจใชใ่‡ช็„ถใซ่…ๆ•—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่กจใ™่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™.
01:34
year, 400 million tonnes of plastic is
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ๆฏŽๅนดใ€4 ๅ„„ใƒˆใƒณใฎใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒ
01:36
produced and 40% of that is single-use.
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็”Ÿ็”ฃใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใใฎ 40% ใŒไฝฟใ„ๆจใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:39
So why don't we stop using it?
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ใงใฏใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:42
Neil: It's not that easy, Rob, and it's
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ใใ‚“ใชใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ“ใจใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€ใƒญใƒ–
01:44
something Lucy Siegle, a BBC reporter
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ใ€‚BBC ใฎใƒฌใƒใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใง
01:46
and author, has been talking about.
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ใ‚ใ‚Šไฝœๅฎถใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒซใƒผใ‚ทใƒผใƒปใ‚ทใƒผใ‚ฐใƒซใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ ใ€‚
01:48
She was speaking in a discussion on the
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ BBC Radio 4 ใฎ Costing the Earth ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใฎใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ซใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง่ฉฑใ—ใ€
01:49
Costing the Earth programme on BBC
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01:51
Radio 4, and explained the issue we
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01:54
have with quitting plastic but also how our
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง็งใŸใกใŒๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ•้กŒใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆ…‹ๅบฆใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
01:57
attitude is changing...
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ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ—ใŸ.
01:59
Lucy Siegle: We have this weird
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02:00
psychological attachment to this material
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02:03
that's been around and it's like a push and pull.
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ๆŠผใ—ใŸใ‚Šๅผ•ใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:05
At the one time, we're so horrified by what
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02:06
we're seeing - the whales dying, the
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ใ‚ฏใ‚ธใƒฉใŒๆญปใซใ€
02:09
oceans vomiting plastic, beaming in from
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ๆตทใŒใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅใๅ‡บใ—ใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๆ”พๅฐ„ใ•
02:11
all over the world, and at the same time
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ใ‚Œใ€ๅŒๆ™‚ใซใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ
02:13
we're being told we can't live without it, so
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ใชใ—ใงใฏ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‘ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œ
02:15
that creates a psychological dissonance -
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ใฏๅฟƒ็†็š„ใชไธๅ”ๅ’Œ้Ÿณใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™
02:18
which I think is the barrier to behavioural
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- ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒ่กŒๅ‹•ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใธใฎ้šœๅฃใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
02:20
change but I'm finding now
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ไปŠใงใฏ
02:22
awareness has peaked and it's going over
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ๆ„่ญ˜ใŒใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ฏใซ้”ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œ
02:24
into activism.
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ใŒๆดปๅ‹•ไธป็พฉใซ็งป่กŒใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸ.
02:25
Rob: She mentioned the word
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฟƒ็†็š„ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
02:27
psychological - that's something that
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02:29
affects or involves our mind - so here,
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- ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅฟƒใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๅฟƒใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ
02:31
psychological attachment means that in
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02:34
our mind we feel we have to
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02:36
use plastic - we're addicted.
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ใงใ™.
02:37
Neil: But we also see the negative impact
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใ—ใ‹ใ—
02:40
of plastic - like whales dying - and in our
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ฏใ‚ธใƒฉใŒๆญปใซใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๆ‚ชๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใฆ
02:43
mind we're also thinking we must stop!
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ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:45
This has created what Lucy says is a
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใƒซใƒผใ‚ทใƒผใŒ่จ€ใ†ใจใ“ใ‚ใฎ
02:48
'psychological dissonance' - dissonance
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ใ€Œๅฟƒ็†็š„ไธๅ”ๅ’Œ้Ÿณใ€ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸ - ไธๅ”ๅ’Œ้Ÿณใจ
02:50
means a disagreement between two
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ใฏใ€2 ใคใฎ็›ธๅใ™ใ‚‹่€ƒใˆใฎ้–“ใฎไธไธ€่‡ดใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
02:52
opposing ideas - so we're having
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ใพใ™ - ใใฎใŸใ‚
02:54
an argument in our head about the right
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ้ ญใฎไธญใง่ญฐ่ซ–ใ‚’ใ—
02:56
thing to do - this is the 'push and pull' of
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ - ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎๆ€่€ƒใฎใ€ŒๆŠผใ—ๅผ•ใใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:59
thoughts she referred to.
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ๅ‚็…งใ€‚
03:00
Rob: And this dissonance has been the
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎไธๅ”ๅ’Œ้Ÿณใฏ
03:02
barrier to us trying to solve the plastic
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ใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹็งใŸใกใฎ้šœๅฃใจ
03:04
issue - but now we're starting to do
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ใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠใ€็งใŸใกใฏ
03:07
something about it - we're taking action to
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
03:09
reduce our plastic waste - we're turning to
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็งใŸใกใฏใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏๅปƒๆฃ„็‰ฉใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„
03:12
activism. That's taking action to change
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ใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจ
03:14
something - it could be social or political
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ใงใ™ - ใใ‚Œใฏ็คพไผš็š„ใพใŸใฏๆ”ฟๆฒป็š„
03:17
change, or a change in our
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ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ€ใพใŸใฏ็งใŸใกใฎ
03:18
behaviour or attitude.
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่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚„ๆ…‹ๅบฆใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
03:20
Neil: Of course there has been a big push
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ๅคงใใช
03:22
- that means people have been strongly
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ๅพŒๆŠผใ—ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใƒชใ‚ตใ‚คใ‚ฏใƒซใ‚’ๅผทใๅฅจๅŠฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„
03:24
encouraged - to recycle.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
Rob: Maybe in an ideal world the best
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ใƒญใƒ–: ็†ๆƒณ็š„ใชไธ–็•Œใงใฏใ€
03:27
thing to do is go plastic-free - but that isn't
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:30
easy, is it?
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ใ‹?
03:31
Neil: No, it isn't, and it's something Lucy
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Neil: ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
03:33
Siegle spoke about. Getting rid of plastic
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ใ€‚Lucy Siegle ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:35
in our lives is a gradual process. But
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็งใŸใกใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใใ“ใจใฏใ€ๆฎต้šŽ็š„ใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
03:38
where does she think we can make
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ใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆœ€ๅคงใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’็”Ÿใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใฏใฉใ“ใ ใจๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„
03:40
the biggest difference?
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ใพใ™ใ‹?
03:42
Lucy Siegle: I really think that to
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Lucy Siegle: ๆœ€ๅˆ
03:43
concentrate on stopping the flow of
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03:45
plastics into your life is easier and more
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03:48
effective in the long term, than trying to
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€็”Ÿๆดปใซใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๆตใ‚Œ่พผใ‚€ใฎใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅฐ‚ๅฟตใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นใŒใ€้•ทๆœŸ็š„ใซใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใงๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
03:50
go plastic-free from the outset.
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ใ€‚
03:52
We are in the UK, a supermarket
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซใ„ใ‚‹
03:55
culture, so a lot of the tips and tricks to
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ใฎใงใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๆตใ‚Œใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ใ‚ณใƒ„ใฎๅคšใใฏ
03:58
decreasing the flow of plastic are getting
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04:01
round supermarket culture.
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ใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใซๆตธ้€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
04:03
Rob: She says we have a supermarket
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใซใฏใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๅฝผๅฅณใฏ่จ€ใ„
04:05
culture in the UK. Culture here describes a
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฎๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใจใฏ
04:08
way of life - or a way that we generally
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ใ€็”Ÿๆดปๆง˜ๅผใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็งใŸใกใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช
04:10
behave - and in terms of food shopping,
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่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€้ฃŸๆ–™ๅ“ใฎ่ฒทใ„็‰ฉใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€
04:13
we tend to do that in supermarkets.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใงใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
04:15
Neil: So, for example, customers can
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆถˆ่ฒป่€…ใฏใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใซใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏๅŒ…่ฃ…ใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™
04:17
make a big difference by putting pressure
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ใ‚ˆใ†ๅœงๅŠ›ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅคงใใช้•ใ„ใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
04:19
on supermarkets to use less plastic
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04:21
packaging. It does seem that the future of
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๆœชๆฅ
04:23
plastic is in our hands - we need to be
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ใฏ็งใŸใกใฎๆ‰‹ใซๅง”ใญใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ - ็ง
04:26
more careful about how and when we use
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ใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:28
it - and use our collective power
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- ใใ—ใฆๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็งใŸใกใฎ้›†ๅˆ็š„ใช
04:30
to force change if it's needed.
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ๅŠ›ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
04:32
Rob: But there's no doubt plastic is useful
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใŒๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใชใ„
04:34
for many things so it will be a long time
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ใฎใงใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซใชใใชใ‚‹ใพใงใซใฏ้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:37
before it disappears altogether.
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.
04:39
Neil: And earlier I asked you what was the
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ: ๅ…ˆใปใฉ
04:42
name of the first synthetic plastic,
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04:44
invented over a 100 years ago. Was it...
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ใ€100 ๅนดไปฅไธŠๅ‰ใซ็™บๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅˆๆˆใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’ๅฐ‹ใญใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ...
04:46
a) Bakelite, b) Lucite or c) Formica?
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a) ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ€b) ใƒซใƒผใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ€c) ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใ‚คใ‚ซใฎใฉใ‚Œใงใ—ใŸใ‹?
04:50
Rob: And I said c) Formica. Was I right?
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Rob: ใใ—ใฆใ€c) Formica ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใฏๆญฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:53
Neil: Formica is a type of hard plastic
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Neil: Formica ใฏใ€ใ‚ญใƒƒใƒใƒณใฎ
04:55
used for covering tables and working
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ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ‚„ไฝœๆฅญใ‚จใƒชใ‚ขใ‚’่ฆ†ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็กฌ่ณชใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ™
04:57
areas in kitchens - but it's not the oldest
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ใŒใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅคใ„ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:59
type. That was Bakelite.
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. ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:01
Rob: I may have got that wrong but
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ใƒญใƒ–: ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชค่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’ๅพฉ็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹
05:03
hopefully I'll have more success
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ใ“ใจใซใ‚‚ใฃใจๆˆๅŠŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
05:04
recapping some of today's vocabulary -
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-
05:06
starting with decay, which describes
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ๅดฉๅฃŠใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใพใ‚Š
05:08
the natural process of something being
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ
05:11
destroyed or breaking down into small
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็ ดๅฃŠใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ๅฐใ•ใช็ฒ’ๅญใซๅˆ†่งฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‡ช็„ถใชใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
05:13
particles - which plastic takes a long
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- ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใฏใใ‚Œ
05:15
time to do.
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ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใฎใซ้•ทใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ .
05:16
Neil: Next we had biodegradable - that's a
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Neil: ๆฌกใซ็”Ÿๅˆ†่งฃๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
05:18
word to describe something that can
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05:20
decay naturally without harming anything.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไฝ•ใซใ‚‚ๅฎณใ‚’ๅŠใผใ™ใ“ใจใชใ่‡ช็„ถใซๅดฉๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่กจใ™่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:23
Rob: Then we had psychological - that's
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰
05:25
something that affects or involves your mind.
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ใ€ๅฟƒ็†็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:27
Neil: Next up, we had dissonance, which
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšๆฌกใซไธๅ”ๅ’Œ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
05:29
describes a disagreement between
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ใฏใ€
05:30
two opposing ideas.
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2 ใคใฎๅฏพ็ซ‹ใ™ใ‚‹่€ƒใˆใฎ้–“ใฎไธไธ€่‡ดใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:32
Rob: And then we mentioned activism -
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ใƒญใƒ–๏ผšใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ขใ‚ฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ“ใ‚บใƒ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸ - ใใ‚Œใฏ
05:34
that's taking action to change something.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’่ตทใ“ใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™.
05:36
We also mentioned the phrase 'a big
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ใพใŸใ€'a big push' ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่จ€ๅŠใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:38
push' which means people are strongly
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ
05:39
encouraged or persuaded
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05:41
to do something, usefully by force.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ๅผทใๅฅจๅŠฑใพใŸใฏ่ชฌๅพ—ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:43
Neil: And finally we had culture. In our
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใใ—ใฆใคใ„ใซๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใก
05:45
context of supermarket culture, it
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ใฎใ‚นใƒผใƒ‘ใƒผใƒžใƒผใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆๆ–‡ๅŒ–ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใงใฏใ€ใใ‚Œ
05:47
describes a way of life - or a
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ใฏ
05:49
way that we generally behave.
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็”Ÿใๆ–นใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็งใŸใกใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆŒฏใ‚‹่ˆžใ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
Rob: Thanks, Neil. Now, remember you
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ใƒญใƒ–: ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆbbclearningenglish.comใงใ€
05:53
can find more learning English
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใจๆ•™ๆใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:54
programmes and materials on our
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05:56
website at bbclearningenglish.com. That's
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.
05:59
it for now but please join us next time for
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ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ“ใ“ใพใงใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆฌกๅ›žใฎ 6 Minute English ใซใ‚‚ใœใฒใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„
06:01
6 Minute English. Goodbye.
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
06:03
Neil: Goodbye.
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ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผšใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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