Weight-loss drugs reduce cancer risk, study finds: BBC Learning English from the News

39,679 views ใƒป 2025-05-14

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC Learning Englishใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€‚
00:02
This is Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ€Œใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ€ใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:06
In this programme: Can weight-loss drugs reduce the risk of cancer?
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ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏใ€ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใฏ ใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’่ปฝๆธ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:13
Hello, I'm Neil. And I'm Georgie.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
00:15
In this programme, we look at one big news story
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ใ“ใฎ็•ช็ต„ใงใฏใ€ 1ใคใฎๅคงใใชใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใจใ€
00:18
and the vocabulary in the headlines that will help you understand it.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:22
You can find all the vocabulary and headlines from this episode,
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ใ“ใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใจ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใฏใ€
00:26
as well as a worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish.com
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ๅฝ“็คพใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com ใงใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:30
So let's hear more about this story.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๆ–ฐใŸใช็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€
00:37
Weight-loss drugs could reduce the risk of getting cancer by half,
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ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใฏใŒใ‚“็™บ็—‡ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠๅˆ†ใซๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
00:41
new research suggests.
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ใ€‚
00:42
Cancer experts are excited by the findings, with one saying
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ใŒใ‚“ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใŸใกใฏใ“ใฎ็ ”็ฉถ็ตๆžœใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใฏใ€
00:46
that this could be a whole new era of preventative cancer medicine.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŒใ‚“ไบˆ้˜ฒๅŒปๅญฆใฎๅ…จใๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๆ™‚ไปฃใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
00:51
Obesity is associated with 13 different cancers.
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่‚ฅๆบ€ใฏ 13 ็จฎ้กžใฎใŒใ‚“ใจ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:54
Losing weight reduces the risk,
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ไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใฏ่ปฝๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใŒใ€
00:56
but the researchers have calculated that the weight loss drugs provide
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็ ”็ฉถ่€…ใ‚‰ใฏ ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใŒ
01:00
an additional protective effect that is more than just weight loss.
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ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ไฝ“้‡ๆธ›ๅฐ‘ไปฅไธŠใฎ่ฟฝๅŠ ใฎไฟ่ญทๅŠนๆžœใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ใจ่จˆ็ฎ—ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:04
And our first headline is about this.
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็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:07
This headline from the Daily Record.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ‡ใ‚คใƒชใƒผใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:09
Weight loss jabs may prevent cancer due to health benefits 'beyond weight loss'.
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ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏ ใ€Œๆธ›้‡ไปฅไธŠใฎใ€ๅฅๅบทไธŠใฎๅˆฉ็‚นใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š็™Œใ‚’ไบˆ้˜ฒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
01:15
And that headline again from Daily Record: Weight loss jabs
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใƒ‡ใ‚คใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒฌใ‚ณใƒผใƒ‰็ด™ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ“ใ†ใ ใ€‚ใ€Œๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€Žๆธ›้‡ไปฅไธŠใฎใ€ๅฅๅบทไธŠใฎๅˆฉ็‚น
01:18
may prevent cancer due to health benefits 'beyond weight loss'.
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ใซใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ€ใŒใ‚“ใ‚’ไบˆ้˜ฒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ€‚ใ€
01:23
And we're looking at this word 'jab'.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€Œใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:25
What is a weight-loss jab, Georgie?
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒผใ€ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฃใฆไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:28
Well jab is another word for injection. An injection -
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ใพใ‚ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใฏ ๆณจๅฐ„ใฎๅˆฅๅใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€
01:32
that's the act of putting a needle into the skin to insert medicine.
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่–ฌๅ‰คใ‚’ๆณจๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็šฎ่†šใซ้‡ใ‚’ๅˆบใ™่กŒ็‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
01:36
Now jab is mostly used for vaccinations,
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็พๅœจใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใฏไธปใซไบˆ้˜ฒๆŽฅ็จฎใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:39
but here it's about these weight-loss drugs which are injected.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ๆณจๅฐ„ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:43
Yes. Now jab is quite an informal word
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ็พๅœจใ€ใ€Œjabใ€ใฏ ้žๅธธใซใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
01:46
and it became a lot more common during the Covid pandemic
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ใ€
01:49
when people were talking about the Covid vaccinations.
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ไบบใ€…ใŒใ‚ณใƒญใƒŠใƒฏใ‚ฏใƒใƒณๆŽฅ็จฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใƒŠใƒ‘ใƒณใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒƒใ‚ฏไธญใซใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใชใฃใŸ ใ€‚
01:52
Yeah. So you might hear someone ask, 'Have you had your jabs?'
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ€Œใƒฏใ‚ฏใƒใƒณๆŽฅ็จฎใฏๆธˆใ‚“ใ ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:55
Which means have you had your vaccinations?
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ไบˆ้˜ฒๆŽฅ็จฎใฏๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
01:58
Jab has some other meanings.
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Jab ใซใฏไป–ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:00
It can be a verb meaning to poke something quickly and forcefully,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
02:04
usually with something pointy like a finger or a pencil.
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้€šๅธธใฏ ๆŒ‡ใ‚„้‰›็ญ†ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ…ˆใฎๅฐ–ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ด ๆ—ฉใๅŠ›ๅผทใ็ชใใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:07
For example, I was in a crowded place and someone was in a rush.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆทท้›‘ใ—ใŸๅ ดๆ‰€ใซใ„ใฆ ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒๆ€ฅใ„ใงใ„ใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:11
They jabbed me in the ribs with their elbow to get past me.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ็งใ‚’้€šใ‚ŠๆŠœใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ่‚˜ใง็งใฎ่‚‹้ชจใ‚’็ชใ„ใŸใ€‚
02:14
Ouch. Poor you Neil!
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็—›ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‹ใ‚ใ„ใใ†ใซใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซ๏ผ
02:16
Now, a jab can also mean an insulting comment,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใฏ ไพฎ่พฑ็š„ใชใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
02:19
and we can use it in the phrase 'take a jab at someone'.
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ใ€Œ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:23
So, for example, my sister always takes jabs at me for my fashion sense.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใฎๅง‰ใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚ ็งใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใƒƒใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚ปใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๆ‰นๅˆคใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:27
She says the colours I wear don't suit me.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ็งใŒ็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่‰ฒใŒ ็งใซไผผๅˆใ‚ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ€‚
02:33
We've had jab - injection. For example,
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ๆณจๅฐ„ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
02:36
I hate getting jabs.
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็งใฏใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใ‚’ๆ‰“ใŸใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅซŒใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:37
I'm really scared of needles.
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็งใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡ใŒๆ€–ใ„ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:42
This is Learning English from the News, our podcast about the news headlines.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚นใƒˆใ€Œใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ€ใงใ™ ใ€‚
02:46
Today we're talking about the suggestion
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
02:48
that weight-loss drugs could reduce the risk of cancer.
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ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใŒ ็™Œใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็คบๅ”†ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:53
The study involved tracking patients for eight years
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ใ“ใฎ็ ”็ฉถใงใฏๆ‚ฃ่€…ใ‚’8ๅนด้–“่ฟฝ่ทก่ชฟๆŸปใ—
02:56
and found that weight-loss injections were better at reducing the risk
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ใ€ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏๆธ›้‡ๆ‰‹่ก“ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใŒใ‚“ ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใฎใซๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅˆคๆ˜Žใ—ใŸ
02:59
of cancer than weight-loss surgery.
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ใ€‚
03:02
The authors of the study think this could be
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็ ”็ฉถใฎ่‘—่€…ใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ
03:04
because the drugs reduce inflammation in the body
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่–ฌใŒไฝ“ๅ†…ใฎ็‚Ž็—‡ใ‚’่ปฝๆธ›ใ—
03:07
and help the immune system destroy cancer cells.
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ใ€ๅ…็–ซใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใŒ็™Œ็ดฐ่ƒžใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใ€‚
03:10
Let's have our next headline.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:12
This one is from The Telegraph.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏThe Telegraphใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
03:14
Weight-loss jabs 'halve the risk of cancer'.
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ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€ŒใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠๆธ›ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ ใ€ใ€‚
03:17
And that headline again.
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ใใ—ใฆใพใŸใ‚ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ€‚
03:18
Weight-loss jabs 'halve the risk of cancer'.
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ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€ŒใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠๆธ›ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ ใ€ใ€‚
03:21
That was from The Telegraph.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ†ใƒฌใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ•ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:23
So we can see that word jabs again.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅ†ใณใ‚ธใƒฃใƒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
The jabs halve the risk of cancer.
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ใƒฏใ‚ฏใƒใƒณๆŽฅ็จฎใซใ‚ˆใ‚ŠใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใŒๅŠๆธ›ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:28
But this time we're looking at halve.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠๅ›žใฏๅŠๅˆ†ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:30
Now Neill, it sounds a bit like half, doesn't it?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒ‹ใƒผใƒซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๅŠๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
03:33
Yes. The noun half with the 'f' sound means 50% of something.
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œfใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅ่ฉžใ€Œhalfใ€ใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ50%ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
Half of four is two, for example.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€4 ใฎๅŠๅˆ†ใฏ 2 ใงใ™ใ€‚
03:41
But here it's a verb - halve, with a 'v' sound.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œhalveใ€ ใงใ€ใ€Œvใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ไผดใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:45
Yes, it can mean to divide something into two parts.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ 2 ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซๅˆ†ๅ‰ฒใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:49
So imagine a pizza.
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ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€
03:51
I could halve a pizza into two parts, for example.
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ใƒ”ใ‚ถใ‚’ๅŠๅˆ†ใซ2ใคใซๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:54
But in the headline it means to reduce the amount to 50%.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใฏ ้‡‘้กใ‚’ 50% ใซๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:58
Reduce the risk of cancer to half.
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ใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠๅˆ†ใซๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:01
Halve the cancer risk.
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ใŒใ‚“ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅŠๆธ›ใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:03
Yes, the word quarter can also be a noun and a verb.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ€Œquarterใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏ ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:07
A quarter of something - that's the noun - is 25% of it.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎ 4 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ( ๅ่ฉž) ใฏใ€ใใฎ 25% ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:11
To quarter something -
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’4็ญ‰ๅˆ†ใ™ใ‚‹๏ผˆๅ‹•่ฉž๏ผ‰ใจใฏใ€
04:12
the verb - means to divide it into four parts or reduce it to 25%.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ 4ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏ25%ใซๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:17
Yes, but we can't do the same with a third or any other fraction.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ— 3 ๅˆ†ใฎ 1 ใ‚„ใใฎไป–ใฎๅˆ†ๆ•ฐใงใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:21
They work as nouns - a third, a fifth, an eighth.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ—ใพใ™ - 3็•ช็›ฎใ€ 5็•ช็›ฎใ€8็•ช็›ฎใ€‚
04:24
You're not likely to see them as verbs.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใพใšใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:29
We've had halve - reduce by half.
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ๅŠๅˆ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๅŠๅˆ†ใซๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:32
For example, the theme park halved its prices for the day
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ฏใฏ
04:35
to attract more customers.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ้กงๅฎขใ‚’ๅผ•ใไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใใฎๆ—ฅใฎๅ…ฅๅ ดๆ–™ใ‚’ๅŠ้กใซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:39
This is Learning English from the News from BBC Learning English.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ BBC Learning English ใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ๅญฆใถ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใงใ™ ใ€‚
04:43
We're talking about the weight-loss drugs
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็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
04:44
that could reduce the risk of cancer.
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ใŒใ‚“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:47
So this study used earlier versions of the weight-loss drugs, known
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ใใ“ใงใ“ใฎ็ ”็ฉถใงใฏใ€
04:51
as GLP-1s, which were initially brought out to treat diabetes.
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ใ‚‚ใจใ‚‚ใจ ็ณ–ๅฐฟ็—…ใฎๆฒป็™‚ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้–‹็™บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸGLP-1ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆธ›้‡่–ฌใฎๅˆๆœŸใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒงใƒณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:56
Since the study began, newer, more effective drugs have come out,
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็ ”็ฉถใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใฆไปฅๆฅใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ–ฐใ—ใใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚ŠๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใช่–ฌใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
05:00
and the authors of the study say these may be even more beneficial
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็ ”็ฉถใฎ่‘—่€…ใ‚‰ใฏใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่–ฌใŒใŒใ‚“ใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใฎ่ปฝๆธ›ใซใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆœ‰็›Šใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่ฟฐในใฆใ„ใ‚‹
05:04
for reducing cancer risks.
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ใ€‚
05:06
OK, let's look at our next headline.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
05:08
This one is from Sky News.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚คใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€
05:10
Weight loss jabs could almost halve risk of obesity-related cancers
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ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ่‚ฅๆบ€้–ข้€ฃใฎ็™Œใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ใปใผๅŠๆธ›ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
05:15
beyond slimming down, study suggests.
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ใ€‚
05:18
And again, that headline from Sky News.
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ใพใŸใพใŸ ใ‚นใ‚ซใ‚คใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ ”็ฉถใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจใ€
05:20
Weight loss jabs could almost halve risk of obesity-related cancers
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ๆธ›้‡ๆณจๅฐ„ใฏใ€็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใ่‚ฅๆบ€้–ข้€ฃใฎ็™Œใฎใƒชใ‚นใ‚ฏใ‚’ใปใผๅŠๆธ›ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
05:25
beyond slimming down, study suggests.
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ใ€‚
05:28
This headline is about the drugs having effects beyond just weight loss,
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ใ“ใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ€่–ฌใŒ ๅ˜ใซไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ไปฅไธŠใฎๅŠนๆžœใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
05:32
and we see that word halve again.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ŒๅŠๅˆ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:34
But this time we're looking at the phrasal verb slim down.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠๅ›žใฏใ€ ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œslim downใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
So you might know the adjective slim which has a similar meaning to thin.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ thin ใจไผผใŸๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใคๅฝขๅฎน่ฉž slim ใ‚’ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:42
But what about the verb slim down?
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใƒชใƒ ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
05:45
Well it has two meanings.
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ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ2ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:47
Both are related to making something smaller.
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ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅฐใ•ใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:50
Here in the headline it means become thinner by losing weight.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏใ€ ไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:54
The jabs have effects that go beyond just slimming down.
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ๆณจๅฐ„ใฎๅŠนๆžœใฏๅ˜ใซ็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ไปฅไธŠใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
05:58
Another example: My dad says he wants to slim down
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ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹: ็งใฎ็ˆถใฏใ€
06:01
before our friend's wedding so he can fit into his old suit.
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ๅ‹ไบบใฎ็ตๅฉšๅผใพใงใซ็—ฉใ›ใฆใ€ ๅคใ„ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:05
Slim down can also mean to reduce something in size or quantity.
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ใ‚นใƒชใƒ ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใฏ ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎๅคงใใ•ใ‚„้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:09
Now this is usually used in a business setting.
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใฎๅ ด้ขใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:12
Yeah. So for example, the company needs to slim down its workforce to cut costs.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ‚ณใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ไผๆฅญใฏๅพ“ๆฅญๅ“กๆ•ฐใ‚’ๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:20
We've had slim down - become thinner.
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ใ‚นใƒชใƒ ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:23
For example, his doctor told him
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ๅฝผใฎๅŒป่€…ใฏ
06:24
that slimming down was important for his health.
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ๅฅๅบทใฎใŸใ‚ใซใฏ็—ฉใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใ ใจๅฝผใซๅ‘Šใ’ใŸใ€‚
06:28
That's it for this episode of Learning English from the News.
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถไปŠๅ›žใฎใ‚จใƒ”ใ‚ฝใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
06:31
We'll be back next week with another news story.
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ๆฅ้€ฑใฏ ใพใŸๅˆฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใŠไผใˆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:33
We learnt the phrasal verb slim down,
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œslim downใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ
06:35
but we have a whole series about phrasal verbs on our website.
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ใŒใ€ ็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ทใƒชใƒผใ‚บๅ…จไฝ“ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ bbclearningenglish.com ใงใ€
06:40
Search Phrasal verbs with Georgie on bbclearningenglish.com
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Georgie ใฎ Phrasal verbs ใ‚’ๆคœ็ดขใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:43
Don't forget to follow us on social media, search for BBC Learning English.
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ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซ ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใงใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒญใƒผใ—ใฆ ใ€BBC Learning English ใ‚’ๆคœ็ดขใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:48
Goodbye for now. Goodbye.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใฏใพใŸใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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