California Wildfires: BBC News Review

69,951 views ใƒป 2020-09-15

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello and welcome to News Review from BBC Learning English.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€BBC Learning English ใฎ News Review ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:03
I'm Georgina and joining me today is Catherine.
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็งใฏใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
00:06
Hi Catherine.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€‚
00:08
Hello Georgina! Hello everybody.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠ๏ผ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚
00:10
Yes, today's News Review story is about the wildfires
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚น ใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฏ
00:15
that are sweeping the West Coast of America.
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ใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่ฅฟๆตทๅฒธใ‚’ๅธญๅทปใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
00:19
And don't forget: if you want to test yourself on the vocabulary you learn
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„: ไปŠๆ—ฅๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใŸ่ชžๅฝ™ใซใคใ„ใฆ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
00:23
today, go to bbclearningenglish.com to find a quiz.
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ใฏใ€bbclearningenglish.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:30
Now, let's hear more about that story about the wildfires
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
00:33
in California from this Radio 1 News headline:
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ใ“ใฎใƒฉใ‚ธใ‚ช 1 ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใฎๅฑฑ
00:52
So, wildfires in America are now in
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็ซไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’
00:55
three states on the West Coast. That is Washington,
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ใ‚‚ใฃใจ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒฏใ‚ทใƒณใƒˆใƒณใ€
00:58
Oregon and California. The wildfires have claimed
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ใ‚ชใƒฌใ‚ดใƒณใ€ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใฏ
01:02
several lives and thousands of people have had to leave their homes.
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ๆ•ฐไบบใฎๅ‘ฝใ‚’ๅฅชใ„ใ€ไฝ•ๅƒไบบใ‚‚ใฎไบบใ€…ใŒๅฎถใ‚’้›ขใ‚Œใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:07
We've got three words and expressions you can use to talk about this story.
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ใ“ใฎ็‰ฉ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใจ่กจ็พใ‚’ 3 ใค็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:11
What are they Catherine?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:13
They are: 'brace', 'smog' and 'grip'.
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:18
'Brace', 'smog' and 'grip'. Catherine, give us your first headline.
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ใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:24
Yes, we're in America for all our
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ใฏใ„ใ€ไปŠ้€ฑใฏใ™ในใฆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใซใ„ใพใ™
01:26
headlines this week and the first one comes from ABC News.
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ใ€‚ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใฏ ABC ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:30
It reads like this:
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชญใฟใพใ™:
01:42
Yes, so it's 'brace' โ€“ get ready physically or mentally for something bad.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใงใ™ โ€“ ่บซไฝ“็š„ใพใŸใฏ็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹.
01:48
That's right. B-R-A-C-E โ€“ that's a verb. It can also be a noun.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ B-R-A-C-E โ€“ ใใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
Now Georgina, imagine that you see me coming towards you.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ–นใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:58
You're in an enclosed space and I have my hand in a fist and
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้–‰ใ–ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็ฉบ้–“ใซใ„ใฆใ€็งใฏๆ‹ณใ‚’ๆกใ‚Šใ—ใ‚
02:03
an angry look on my face: what are you gonna do?
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ใ€ๆ€’ใฃใŸ้ก”ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹?
02:06
I'm gonna run away, Catherine.
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็งใฏ้€ƒใ’ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€‚
02:09
But you can't run away: you're in an enclosed space
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ใงใ‚‚้€ƒใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฏ†้–‰ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸ็ฉบ้–“ใซใ„ใ‚‹
02:12
so what are you gonna do when you
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ใฎใง
02:13
see that fist coming?
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ใ€ๆ‹ณใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹?
02:15
I'm going to prepare myself physically,
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ธใ‚ซใƒซใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆ
02:18
so I'm going to tighten up all the muscles in my body...
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ใฆใ€ๅ…จ่บซใฎ็ญ‹่‚‰ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ็ท ใ‚ใฆ
02:21
...and wait for the impact of the fist to hit me.
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โ€ฆโ€ฆๆ‹ณใฎ่กๆ’ƒใ‚’ๅพ…ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
And yeah โ€“ so I'm going to tighten up
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ใใ†ใใ†
02:28
all my body like a hard piece of cardboard, so to speak.
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ใ€ใ„ใ‚ใฐ็กฌใ„ๆฎตใƒœใƒผใƒซใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ…จ่บซใ‚’ๅผ•ใ็ท ใ‚ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:32
I'm going to brace myself.
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่บซๆ”ฏๅบฆใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:34
OK. You're going to brace yourself. Now of course,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’ๅผ•ใ็ท ใ‚ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“
02:36
Georgina, I would never do a thing like that โ€“ never in a million years!
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ใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใ€็งใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใฏ็ตถๅฏพใซใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:40
But in this scenario, if you feel that someone's about to
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ทใƒŠใƒชใ‚ชใงใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹
02:44
hit you, you're going to prepare yourself physically and mentally because you know
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ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆฎดใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่บซไฝ“็š„ใŠใ‚ˆใณ็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
02:50
something bad is going to happen.
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.
02:52
Same if you're in โ€“ traveling in a car and a crash is about to happen:
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่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใฆ่ก็ชใŒ่ตทใใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ๅŒๆง˜ใงใ™ใ€‚ไฝ“
02:57
you will tighten up and get ready for an impact and this is the idea of 'brace'.
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ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ็ท ใ‚ใฆ่กๆ’ƒใซๅ‚™ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใฎ่€ƒใˆๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
03:04
It's both physical and mental of course. You're going to be
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“่‚‰ไฝ“็š„ใซใ‚‚็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซใ‚‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:09
feeling โ€“ preparing yourself mentally for an
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โ€“ ใ‚ใ‚‹็จฎใฎ่กๆ’ƒใซๅ‚™ใˆใฆ็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:12
impact of some kind and this is the way that 'brace' is being
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03:16
used in this context. In the West Coast of America, people are
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. ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎ่ฅฟๆตทๅฒธใงใฏใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏ
03:20
getting ready physically: they're making fire defences.
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็‰ฉ็†็š„ใซๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้˜ฒ็ซใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
They're getting ready emotionally
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„ใซใ‚‚็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซใ‚‚ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ๆ•ดใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:27
and mentally: they might have to move โ€“ it's going to be difficult, traumatic,
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: ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ‹•ใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ - ใใ‚Œใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ€ใƒˆใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒžใซใชใ‚Šใ€ไธ็ขบๅฎŸใซใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:31
uncertain โ€“ so preparing yourself for something bad to happen.
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- ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅ‚™ใˆใพใ™.
03:36
Let's โ€“ so let's have a summary slide:
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใพใจใ‚ใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:47
So, 'brace' is an action verb and we've got
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ใ€‚ใ€Œbraceใ€ใฏๅ‹•ไฝœๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Š
03:50
lots of useful information all about those, haven't we Catherine?
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซใคใ„ใฆๆœ‰็›Šใชๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณ?
03:54
We have. To find out what action verbs
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ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณ
03:57
are and how they work, just click the link and
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง
04:00
you'll go straight there.
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ใ™ใใซใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
Great. So, let's have a look at your second headline.
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ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:06
Yes and now for the Los Angeles Times โ€“ the headline:
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใƒญใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ผใƒซใ‚น ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บ - ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—:
04:19
'Smog' โ€“ type of air pollution often found in cities that makes it difficult to breathe.
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'ใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐ' - ๅ‘ผๅธใ‚’ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใ™ใ‚‹้ƒฝๅธ‚ใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๅคงๆฐ—ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ€‚
04:26
Yes, 'smog' โ€“ S-M-O-G โ€“ it's a noun: 'smog'.
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ใฏใ„ใ€'smog' โ€“ S-M-O-G โ€“ ๅ่ฉžใงใ™: 'smog'.
04:33
Now Georgina, you know what 'smoke' is, don't you?
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใ€ใ€Œ็…™ใ€ใฃใฆ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:36
Yes. So, when you light a fire it's the grey kind of stuff
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็ซใ‚’ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใจ็ฐ่‰ฒใฎ็‰ฉ่ณชใŒ้ฃ›ใณๆ•ฃใ‚Š
04:41
that comes off it and it can get in your eyes and in your
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ใ€็›ฎใ‚„
04:44
lungs as well and make it difficult to breathe.
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่‚บใซใ‚‚ๅ…ฅใ‚Šใ€ๅ‘ผๅธใŒๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:46
That's right. And you know what 'fog' is, don't you Georgina?
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ใใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œ้œงใ€ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠ๏ผŸ
04:50
I do. Well, actually I just learnt really
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใจใ€ๅฎŸ้š›
04:52
what it is today โ€“ like the details.ย So, it's small water
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ใซใฏใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅญฆใณใพใ—ใŸ โ€“ ่ฉณ็ดฐใชใฉ. ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฐใ•ใช
04:55
droplets that come together to create a form of a cloud, but it's low to the
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ๆฐดๆปดใŒ้›†ใพใฃใฆ้›ฒใฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„
05:00
ground and it means you can't see through it.
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅœฐ้ขใพใงไฝŽใใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
05:03
Yes. So, if we take the 'sm-' from 'smoke'
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œsmokeใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œsm-ใ€ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€
05:07
and we add the '-og' from 'fog' and we put them together, we get...
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ใ€Œfogใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œ-ogใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ€...
05:12
...'smog'. 'Smog'!
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...ใ€Œsmogใ€ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ 'ใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐ'๏ผ
05:14
'Smog', 'smog'. Now, smog is traditionally a combination of smoke and fog,
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ใ€Œใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ€Œใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใฏไผ็ตฑ็š„ใซ็…™ใจ้œงใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™
05:21
but these days we use it to mean
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ใŒใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใงใฏ
05:24
airborne pollution that makes it difficult to breathe,
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ใ€ๅ‘ผๅธใ‚’ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใ—ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใซ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใ™ใ‚‹็ฉบๆฐ—ไธญใฎๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„
05:28
difficult to see properly. If you look at photographs now of California,
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ใพใ™. ็พๅœจใฎใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใฎๅ†™็œŸ
05:33
you can see that the air literally is orange
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ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ‚ชใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธ่‰ฒ
05:37
and quite hazy: you can't see very well. People are struggling to breathe.
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ใงใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ‚„ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไบบใ€…ใฏๆฏใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:41
So, it's air pollution which is either a mixture of smoke and fog,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็…™ใจ้œงใŒๆททใ–ใฃใŸๅคงๆฐ—ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‹ใ€
05:47
or it's just airborne pollution.
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ๅ˜ใซๅคงๆฐ—ๆฑšๆŸ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:51
Right, so let's have a look at a summary slide:
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฆ‚่ฆใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:02
Catherine, we've covered other stories on wildfires, haven't we?
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€ๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ไป–ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚‚ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ—ใŸใญใ€‚
06:05
Yes, we have. And to see a story about the Australian
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
06:09
bushfires that happened at the beginning of this year,
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ไปŠๅนดใฎๅˆใ‚ใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใŸใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใฎๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใซใฏ
06:12
just click the link.
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ใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
06:14
Let's have a look at our next headline.
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ๆฌกใฎ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:16
And we're in The New York Times now โ€“ the headline:
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏไปŠใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒจใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใซใ„ใพใ™ โ€“ ่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—:
06:26
'Grip' means: hold tightly.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใจๆกใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™.
06:29
Yes. Now, it's spelt: G-R-I-P โ€“ 'grip'. It's a verb
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ใฏใ„ใ€‚ ไปŠใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™: G-R-I-P โ€“ 'grip'. ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
06:34
and it is also a noun. Now Georgina, would you please demonstrate
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ่ฉžใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠ
06:39
'grip', please, by gripping your pencil very tightly?
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ใ•ใ‚“ใ€้‰›็ญ†ใ‚’ใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใจๆกใฃใฆใ€ŒๆกๅŠ›ใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹?
06:45
Yes, I'm gripping the pencil. And I โ€“ and I can see
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ใฏใ„ใ€้‰›็ญ†ใ‚’ๆกใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใ€
06:48
you're kind of straining: your hand โ€“ your fingers are going white
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹ใฏ
06:53
because you're gripping it so hard. And I think if I tried to get that pencil out of
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ใ€ๅผทใๆกใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆŒ‡ใŒ็™ฝใใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใฎ้‰›็ญ†ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ“ใ†ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
06:58
your hand it would be very very difficult.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
07:01
Almost impossible, Catherine. Almost impossible.
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉไธๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใ€ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€‚ ใปใผไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
07:03
You've got quite a strong grip, I think, Georgina.
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ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅผทใ„ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:06
Yeah. I feel like I need to relax it now actually.
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ใ†ใ‚“ใ€‚ ไปŠใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:08
Yes, relax! Yes, you won't be able to use your hand.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผ ใฏใ„ใ€ๆ‰‹ใŒไฝฟใˆใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:12
OK. So, grip means hold very very very tightly. It can be literal,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใจใฏใ€้žๅธธใซ้žๅธธใซใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚ŠใจไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใƒŠใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้‰›็ญ†ใง็คบใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใฎใ“ใจใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
07:19
as you've just been demonstrating with your pencil, Georgina,
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใ€
07:22
or it can be the idea of something having a lot of power over people's
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ไบบใ€…ใฎๅ‹•ใใซๅฏพใ—ใฆๅคงใใชๅŠ›ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไฝ•ใ‹ใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
07:27
movements. In this case the wildfires are causing
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใฏๆๆ€–ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—
07:31
fear: they're causing destruction. And it's those two things,
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็ ดๅฃŠใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
07:35
fear and destruction, which are 'gripping' people. That means they are
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ใ€ไบบใ€…ใ‚’ใ€Œใคใ‹ใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎใฏใ€ๆๆ€–ใจ็ ดๅฃŠใฎ2ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏไบบใ€…ใ‚’ๆ”ฏ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจ
07:39
controlling people: people are thinking about it all the time,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ไบบใ€…ใฏๅธธใซใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ€
07:42
they're planning around it, they're worried about it.
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่จˆ็”ปใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:46
So, if something 'grips' you, it really takes all your attention so that you can't
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใ€Œใคใ‹ใพใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ€ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใใชใ‚‹ใปใฉๆณจๆ„
07:51
think of anything else, and you behave in a particular way
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ใŒ้›†ไธญใ—ใ€ใใฎใ“ใจใŒๅŽŸๅ› ใง็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใง่กŒๅ‹•ใ™ใ‚‹
07:55
because of the thing that's gripping you.
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ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:58
So, in the headline it's being used as a
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใงใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„
07:59
verb. Can it also be used as an adjective, Catherine?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:02
Yes, it can. Yes.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€‚
08:03
If you add '-ing' โ€“ '-pping', it's 'gripping' and you can talk
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'-ing' โ€“ '-ping' ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ 'gripping' ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
08:08
about lots of things that are gripping,
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ใ€
08:10
especially in the world of entertainment, Georgina.
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็‰นใซใ‚จใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒ†ใ‚คใƒณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฎไธ–็•Œใงใ€Georgina ใฎๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:13
Do you like to watch gripping films?
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้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใชๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
08:16
Oh yes! So, the last film that I watched
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ใใ†ใใ†๏ผ ใใ‚Œใงใ€็งใŒๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ฆณใŸๆ˜ ็”ป
08:18
that was really gripping was 'Gravity': I was on the edge of my seat,
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ใงๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฟƒใ‚’ๆŽดใพใ‚ŒใŸใฎใฏใ€Œ้‡ๅŠ›ใ€ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚็งใฏๅธญใฎ็ซฏใซใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
08:22
the effects were fantastic, the characters, the script was amazing.
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ใŒใ€ๅŠนๆžœใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใใ€็™ปๅ ดไบบ็‰ฉใ‚„่„šๆœฌใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ใ€‚
08:27
I didn't know what was going to happen โ€“ would Sandra Bullock survive her
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ โ€“ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒปใƒ–ใƒญใƒƒใ‚ฏใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฎๅฎ‡ๅฎ™ๆŽขๆŸปใ‚’็”Ÿใๆฎ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
08:32
space expedition? What would actually happen? It was amazing.
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ใพใ™ใ‹? ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใฏ้ฉšใในใใ‚‚ใฎใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:38
Fantastic! Sounds really gripping.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„๏ผ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
08:41
Yes, it is. It is amazing.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ใ”ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:43
So, let's have a look at our summary slide:
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ฆ็ด„ใฎใ‚นใƒฉใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:54
Catherine, could you recap the vocabulary please?
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ใ‚ญใƒฃใ‚ตใƒชใƒณใ€่ชžๅฝ™ใ‚’่ฆ็ด„ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹?
08:57
I could. We had 'brace' โ€“ get ready physically or mentally for something bad.
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็งใฏใงใใŸใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใƒ–ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ โ€“ ่บซไฝ“็š„ใพใŸใฏ็ฒพ็ฅž็š„ใซไฝ•ใ‹ๆ‚ชใ„ใ“ใจใซๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹.
09:04
We had 'smog' โ€“ type of air pollution often found in cities that makes it difficult to breathe.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€Œใ‚นใƒขใƒƒใ‚ฐใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้ƒฝๅธ‚ใงใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ€ๅ‘ผๅธใ‚’ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๅคงๆฐ—ๆฑšๆŸ“ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:10
And we had 'grip' โ€“ hold tightly.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒชใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ - ใ—ใฃใ‹ใ‚Šใจๆกใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:15
So, you can test yourself on today's vocabulary with the quiz
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ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ๅŠ›ใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใงใใพใ™
09:18
on the website. We're all over social media too.
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ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใ‚‚ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใฎใ„ใŸใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:22
Thanks for joining us. Bye!
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰๏ผ
09:24
Bye everyone!
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰๏ผ
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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