๐Ÿ‘„ Tim's Pronunciation Workshop: Why does the /d/ sound sometimes disappear?

148,485 views ใƒป 2016-09-02

BBC Learning English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:03
Hi. I'm Tim and this is my pronunciation workshop. Here I'm going to show you how English is
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ็งใฏใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
00:12
really spoken. It'll help you to become a better listener and a more fluent speaker.
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ใ€‚ ่žใไธŠๆ‰‹ใซใชใ‚Šใ€ๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:18
Are you ready? Come on, follow me.
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ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใ‚ใ€็งใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:30
Today, we're going to talk about one of the most
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
00:33
important questions in contemporary Britain. The answer will also help you improve your
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็พไปฃใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใซใŠใ‘ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชๅ•้กŒใฎ 1 ใคใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎๆ”นๅ–„ใซใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™
00:39
pronunciation. So, what is this question? Well, it involves one of these, and one of
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎ่ณชๅ•ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใพใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ1ใคใจใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ1ใคใ‚’ๅซใฟ
00:48
these. Quite simply: do you prefer your potatoes steamed - or boiled? What's your preference?
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใฏ่’ธใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒๅฅฝใ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ใ‚†ใงใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฅฝใฟใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:07
Well this is what the people of London think.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใƒญใƒณใƒ‰ใƒณใฎไบบใ€…ใฎ่€ƒใˆใงใ™ใ€‚
01:10
I prefer steamed potatoes. I prefer boiled potatoes.
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็งใฏ่’ธใ—ใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
I prefer steamed potatoes to boiled potatoes. I prefer boiled potatoes.
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็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่’ธใ—ใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
01:18
So there we have it: the nation has spoken. Our completely scientific survey proves that
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ๅ›ฝๆฐ‘ใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็ง‘ๅญฆ็š„ใช่ชฟๆŸปใฏ
01:25
the country is divided fifty-fifty. But what about pronunciation? Well, one of the things
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ใ€ๅ›ฝใŒไบ”ๅˆ†ไบ”ๅˆ†ใซๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จผๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆตๆšขใซ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
01:33
that happens when we speak English fluently is that we don't always pronounce all the
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ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ™ในใฆใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅธธใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„
01:38
sounds in every word. The words steamed and boiled both end in the sound /d/, don't they?
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ่’ธใ™ใ€็…ฎใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚/d/ใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
01:48
Or do they? Watch and listen again - can you hear the sound /d/?
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ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆ่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ - /d/ ใฎ้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ‹?
01:54
I prefer steamed potatoes. I prefer boiled potatoes.
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็งใฏ่’ธใ—ใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
01:58
I prefer steamed potatoes to boiled potatoes. I prefer boiled potatoes.
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็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่’ธใ—ใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ŒนใงใŸใ‚ธใƒฃใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒขใฎๆ–นใŒๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:03
It's very difficult to say /d/ when it comes in between two other consonants. Your mouth
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/d/ ใŒไป–ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅญ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃ
02:09
has to do a lot of work. So in many cases the /d/ is not pronounced. 'Boiled potatoes'
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ใฏๅคšใใฎไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆ ใ€/d/ ใฏ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚†ใงใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ€ใฏใ€Œใ‚†ใงใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ€ใซ
02:17
becomes 'boilpotatoes'. And 'steamed potatoes' becomes 'steampotatoes'. This is called elision.
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€Œ่’ธใ—ใŸใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใ€ ใฏใ€Œsteampotatoesใ€ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚จใƒชใ‚ทใ‚ชใƒณใจๅ‘ผใณใพใ™ใ€‚
02:28
Here are some more examples.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆฌกใซ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:30
My best friend let me borrow his car. Don't hold back - say what you mean.
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็งใฎ่ฆชๅ‹ใฏ็งใซๅฝผใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ•ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ้ ๆ…ฎใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:35
His bike rolled down the hill without him.
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ๅฝผใฎ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใฏๅฝผใชใ—ใงไธ˜ใ‚’่ปขใŒใ‚Š่ฝใกใŸใ€‚
02:38
Right, so you've heard the examples, and now it's your turn. You know the drill: listen
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ไพ‹ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใฎใงใ€ๆฌกใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ‰ใƒชใƒซใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™๏ผš่žใ„
02:45
and repeat.
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ใฆ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:47
My best friend let me borrow his car.
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็งใฎ่ฆชๅ‹ใฏ็งใซๅฝผใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ•ใ›ใฆใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:53
Don't hold back - say what you mean.
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้ ๆ…ฎใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:59
His bike rolled down the hill without him.
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ๅฝผใฎ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใฏๅฝผใชใ—ใงไธ˜ใ‚’่ปขใŒใ‚Š่ฝใกใŸใ€‚
03:05
Well done. Now remember, if you want to learn more about pronunciation, then please visit
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
03:11
our website, bbclearningenglish.com. And that is about it from the pronunciation workshop
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็งใŸใกใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ bbclearningenglish.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็™บ้Ÿณใƒฏใƒผใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—
03:19
for now. I'll see you soon. Bye bye. Right - now I'd better prepare my own potatoes.
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ใฏไปฅไธŠใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸๅพŒใงใ€‚ ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒใŒใ„ใ‚‚ใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง็”จๆ„ใ—ใŸใปใ†ใŒใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
03:30
Ahhh!! I just peeled my finger! Ewwwsh - doesn't look good...
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ‚!! ๆŒ‡ใ‚’ใฏใŒใ—ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ™๏ผ Ewwwsh - ่ฆ‹ๆ „ใˆใŒๆ‚ชใ„...
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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