Where do international laws come from? - An animated explainer

47,522 views ・ 2021-11-12

BBC Learning English


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

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Here's a question: are all laws written down?
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Are they written in stone?
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Well, when it comes to international law,
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some are but many aren't.
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Let's start with the easy one.
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The written laws are usually what we call 'treaties'.
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These are documents that countries sign, a bit like a contract.
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We also call them things like 'conventions' or 'protocols',
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like the Geneva Convention or the Kyoto Protocol.
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But – what about the rules that aren't written down?
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Well, you know the term 'unwritten rule'?
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We might say there's an unwritten rule
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that you should say sorry if you bump into someone,
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or give up your seat for an elderly person.
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Countries also follow unwritten rules.
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We call them 'customs' or 'norms'
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01:02
and they give us the legal term 'customary law'.
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This covers things that most countries already believe,
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like not invading another country.
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All states in the international community
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have to stick to customary law,
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even if they haven't explicitly said yes.
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And many customs do eventually get written down,
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such as those in the UN Charters.
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