Already Yet Still Ever Never with Present Perfect | English Grammar Lesson

6,649 views ใƒป 2022-06-10

Anglo-Link


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello and welcome everyone, this is Minoo atย Anglo-Link.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Anglo-Link์˜ Minoo์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:03
Today, we're going to review the adverbs
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:06
already, yet, still, ever, and never.
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์ด๋ฏธ, ์•„์ง, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ, ์˜์›ํžˆ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
We'll do this by looking at the common mistakesย I hear from you, and the questions I've receivedย from you.
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์™€ ๊ท€ํ•˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
To access the PDF of this lesson,ย  please join Anglo-Link's PDF Library
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ PDF์— ์•ก์„ธ์Šค
00:24
by using the link in the description box.
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ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Anglo-Link์˜ PDF ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:28
Right! Let's start the lesson by lookingย at common mistake No.1.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ 1๋ฒˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
Someone says:ย Have you already posted the package?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:37
And the otherย person answers: No, I haven't already posted it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„์ง ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
There's a mistake in theย answer. What do you think it is?
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:48
The correct answer is: I haven't posted it yet.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ ์•„์ง ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
You must avoid using 'already' in a negativeย sentence.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '์ด๋ฏธ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Use 'yet' instead.
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๋Œ€์‹  '์•„์ง'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:59
Now, a commonย question is: Can we use 'yet' in the question?
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— '์•„์ง'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:04
And the answer is yes! You can say:ย  Have you posted the package yet?
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '์˜ˆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ์•„์ง ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:09
So, is there a difference between usingย  'already' or 'yet' in the question?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ '์ด๋ฏธ'์™€ '์•„์ง'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:14
Yes, there's a slight difference.
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์˜ˆ, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
When you askย a question with 'already' you usually expectย a positive answer.
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'์ด๋ฏธ'๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Whereas, when you ask yourย  question with 'yet' you usually expect a negativeย answer.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด '์•„์ง'์œผ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Right! Let's look at common mistakeย No.2.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ 2๋ฒˆ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
Continuing the same dialogue, you sayย to the person:
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
You promised to post the packageย yesterday. Have you posted it?
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์–ด์ œ ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒŒ์‹œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:40
And they answer:ย No, I haven't still posted it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„์ง ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
There is aย mistake in the answer. What do you think it is?
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:52
The mistake is in the position of 'still'.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” '์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ'์˜ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
When 'still' insists on a negation, it has to goย before:
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'์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ'๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์•ž์—
02:00
No, I still haven't posted it.
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์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„์ง ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
Okay, let's put what we've learned so far into one dialogue.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:08
For example, someone says:
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:11
Have you bookedย the tickets yet?
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. ํ‹ฐ์ผ“์„ ์•„์ง ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
02:13
No, I haven't booked themย yet. I'll do it tomorrow.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„์ง ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์ผ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
02:17
Right! It's nowย the next day, and the person says:
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ์ธ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:21
I hope you've already booked the tickets.
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. ์ด๋ฏธ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋งคํ–ˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Oh, I'm sorry,ย  I still haven't booked them. I'll do it right now.
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์•„, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ง ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
02:29
Right! Let's look at common mistake No.3.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ 3๋ฒˆ์„ ๋ณด์ž.
02:33
Someone says: Have you ever been to Italy?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค: ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:36
And the answer comes: Yes, I've ever been there.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
There is a mistake in the answer. What is it?
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์— ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ์•ผ?
02:46
We must not use 'ever' in the answer.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์— 'ever'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
The correct word to use here isย 'already'.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” '์ด๋ฏธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Yes, I've already been there.
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์˜ˆ, ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ€๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
So, what's the negative answer to this question?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:58
There are two possibilities you canย use... 'ever' with a negative verb:
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๋ถ€์ • ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 'ever'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
I haven't ever been there.
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I haven't ever been there.
03:05
Or, it's betterย to use 'never': I've never been there.
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๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋„ ์•ˆ ํ•จ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
A question you might ask is: Can we use yetย in this situation?
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:15
The answer is... yes!
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๋‹ต์€... ๋„ค!
03:17
But, you change the connotation slightly.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
If someone says: Have you ever been to Italy? Andย you answer with 'yet':
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด: ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ '์•„์ง'์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
03:25
No, I haven't been thereย yet.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์•„์ง ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
You mean that you're planning to visit Italyย someday.
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์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
Right! That's the end of this lesson.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ! ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
You can watch my complete lesson on adverbsย here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
For lessons and exercises on all topics,ย  join my online course by visiting
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด Anglo-Link.com์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์—ฌ ์ œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์— ์ฐธ์—ฌ
03:44
Anglo-Link.com.
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ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:47
And don't forget to subscribe and allowย  notifications to know when my next lessonย is available.
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๊ตฌ๋… ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:53
Thanks a lot for watching, and I'llย see you soon in my next lesson.
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Goodbye for now!
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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