English Grammar: Negative Prefixes - "un", "dis", "in", "im", "non"

1,481,728 views ใƒป 2015-02-16

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. I'm Adam. Today's lesson is a bit of a strange lesson.
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์•ˆ๋…•. www.engvid.com์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
I'm going to tell you something that you can't actually learn. Well, you can learn it, there's
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
00:13
just no rules for it. I'm talking about specifically some prefixes.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
"Dis-", "un", "in/im-/il/ir-", "non-". Okay?
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"Dis-", "un", "in/im-/il/ir-", "non-". ์ข‹์•„์š”?
00:23
First of all, let's review a little bit. What is a prefix? A prefix is a little part of
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์šฐ์„ , ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋Š”
00:29
a word that comes before the main word; can come before an adjective, before an adverb,
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์ฃผ์š” ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์—, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์•ž์—,
00:35
before a noun, before a verb. Anything that comes before a word, especially before a root
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๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์—, ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์—, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์–ด๊ทผ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ
00:41
of a word. We're going to look at an example of that very soon.
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. ๊ณง ๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
So, I was asked specifically to talk about these prefixes. All of them basically mean
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์š”์ฒญ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
00:52
"not". Okay? They negate the word they are added to. Now, generally speaking, you can
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"์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ
01:01
find specific little subtle differences between all of them. For example, "dis" means more
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์‚ฌ์ด์— ํŠน์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๋ฌ˜ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "dis"๋Š”
01:08
like be a part of or away from, separate. "Un" means not or a reversal of something,
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๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Un"์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ์—†์Œ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์ „,
01:16
or not having something, a lack of something, a deprivation. And same with these guys, not,
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๋˜๋Š” ์—†์Œ, ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ, ๋ฐ•ํƒˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:22
reverse, opposite. "Non" is the most simple one. "Non" basically means not. Okay? But,
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. "Non"์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Non"์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ not์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
01:30
the problem is that most of these can go with many words, but there's no real rule about
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:37
which word takes which prefix. Okay? So, how do you learn which one to use in which situation?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:44
Well, I'll tell you after we look at a few examples. Okay?
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ํ›„์— ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
01:49
So, again, all of these mean not. The only thing you have to worry about the most is
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ
01:55
the actual word that is being connected to a prefix. Okay? Concentrate on the root or
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์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์–ด๋–ค ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ• ์ง€
02:03
the word itself before you concentrate on which prefix to join to it. Now, you will
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์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์–ด๊ทผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ž์ฒด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค . ์ด์ œ
02:09
see that some words will take both prefixes, and be totally okay.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
The problem is that their meanings are completely different. So, "to dislike", this is a verb,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "to dislike"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ 
02:22
"to dislike", it could also be a noun. "I have a strong dislike for certain vegetables",
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"to dislike"๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "๋‚˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์•ผ์ฑ„๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:32
for example. But "to dislike" means to not like. Now, if you say: "I don't like Pizza."
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." ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "์‹ซ๋‹ค"๋Š” ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ "๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด.
02:42
And you say: "I dislike Pizza." These are a little bit different. Right? "Don't like"
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ํ”ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ด. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "์‹ซ์–ด์š”"
02:47
or "not like" means you don't have a good feeling towards. But "dislike" means you actually
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๋˜๋Š” "์‹ซ์–ด์š”"๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "์‹ซ์–ด์š”"๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
02:53
have a bad feeling towards. Right? So, this is a little bit more active. You're away from
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๋‚˜์œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ™œ๋™์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
02:58
liking it. You're actually having a bad feeling for it. "Unlike" has absolutely no connection
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "Unlike"๋Š” "dislike"์™€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:03
to "dislike". "Unlike" means not similar to. This is the preposition "like", "A" is like
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. "๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "like", "A" is like
03:11
"B". This is the verb "like", means to have a good feeling toward. So, concentrate on
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"B"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ "like"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:17
the word you have. You have the verb, you have the preposition, and then decide which
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค
03:22
prefix you want to join to it.
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ผ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
So, here, I have a few examples of words that can take two prefixes and have different meanings.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
So, for example: "discover" and "uncover" are two completely different verbs. "To discover"
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "discover"์™€ "uncover"๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š”
03:40
means to find by accident. You're walking along the beach, and you discover the skull,
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์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ด๋ณ€์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‘๊ฐœ๊ณจ,
03:47
the bone... Head bone of a dinosaur. You didn't look for it. You just found it. Okay? You
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๋ผˆ... ๊ณต๋ฃก์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ผˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ฐพ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹น์‹ ์€
03:55
discovered it. So, it was hidden by nature, by time, and then you took away the cover
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์—ฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด, ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์กŒ๊ณ , ๋ฎ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋ฉด
04:02
and there it is, the skull. "Uncover", on the other hand, means you were looking for
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๋‘๊ฐœ๊ณจ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— "Uncover"๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
04:08
something and you found it.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
So, you're a... I'm a reporter. I work for a major newspaper, and I think that this particular
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€... ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด ํŠน์ •
04:17
politician is corrupt; he's lying to the people, he's stealing their money. So, I investigate.
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์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ๋ถ€ํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ํ›”์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
And after my investigation, I uncover certain facts that will help the police put him in
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กฐ์‚ฌ ํ›„์— ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:30
jail. Not, not, not covered, not covered, means not hidden, but this one by accident,
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. Not, Not, Not Cover, Not Cover๋Š” ์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:39
time, nature hit it, I, by accident discovered it; "uncover" means I looked for, I found.
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. "uncover"๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ๋‹ค, ์ฐพ์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
This one, or these two, I should say: "disinterested" and "uninterested". These are always mixed
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์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜, ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๋‘˜์€ "๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ" ๊ณผ "๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ
04:53
up. You cannot use these two interchangeably; you have to use one or the other. I'll start
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์„ž์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
with "uninterested". Uninterested means indifferent, don't care. It's boring. I'm uninterested.
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"๊ด€์‹ฌ ์—†์Œ"๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Uninterested๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌ, ๊ด€์‹ฌ ์—†์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋ฃจ. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์—†๋‹ค.
05:05
I don't want to know. Leave me alone. "Disinterested" means impartial, means you're not... You don't
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ๋‚  ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค๋‘ฌ "Disinterested"๋Š” ํŽธํŒŒ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด...
05:12
have a reason to take one side or the other. Okay? So, again, I'm the reporter. I have
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์–ด๋Š ํ•œ์ชฝ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ •์น˜์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:18
nothing to gain or lose by finding out information about this politician. I am a disinterested
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด์„œ ์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žƒ์„ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๊ด€์‹ฌํ•œ
05:25
party. I am objective. Okay? I am not involved in the situation. I'm just reporting the facts.
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๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ด€์ ์ด๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๊ด€์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:32
Here, I don't care; here, I'm not part of the situation.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
Now, you also think: "Well, these two are kind of weird. There are two different words
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ข€ ์ด์ƒํ•ด. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค
05:42
here." Right? But you have a "discomfort", you are "uncomfortable". That's a little strange.
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." ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋ถˆํŽธ"์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  "๋ถˆํŽธ"ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
This is a noun, this is an adjective. You go to the doctor, you complain of a discomfort
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ์˜†๊ตฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์„ ํ˜ธ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:55
in your side. But if you sit and somebody left a pen on your chair, oh, a little uncomfortable.
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์ž์— ํŽœ์„ ๋†“๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ค, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
You're not... You know, you want to get up and see what's going on there. A discomfort
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๋‹น์‹ ์€... ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํŽธํ•จ์€
06:06
is like a real thing, probably inside. Uncomfortable, you can fix somehow.
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์‹ค์ œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ๋“  ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
"Disable", okay? We're going to look at the verb, "disable". Means make not able. Take
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"๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”", ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? "๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”"๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
away the ability of something. So, you have a machine running. You think: "Oh, it's a
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋นผ์•—์•„ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์˜ค,
06:26
little bit dangerous." You don't want anybody to use it, so you disable it. You disconnect
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•ด."๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ“จ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:31
the fuse. Now, nobody can come and use this machine. It has been disabled. We say about
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. ์ด์ œ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์™€์„œ ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:37
a person if he or she is disabled, usually they're in a wheelchair, they had an accident
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์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณดํ†ต ํœ ์ฒด์–ด๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ ์ฒœ์ ์œผ๋กœ
06:42
or they were born with a problem. They are not able. "Unable" means can't. I am unable
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ"์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
to help you because I just don't know. Okay? "Unable", "disable".
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? "๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ", "๋น„ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”".
06:56
We're going to come back to this bottom one, here. So, that's a few things. Oh, a couple
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ฐ‘๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ
07:00
more. "Disorganized", "unorganized". Usually, you would say about a person: "He or she is
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๋”. "๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ•œ", "๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ•œ". ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
07:07
disorganized." He has things everywhere or she has things everywhere; it's a big mess.
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์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
But the office or the room of this person is unorganized. So, we talk about an organization,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์€ ์ •๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ์งํ™”๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์กฐ์ง,
07:18
or a company, or an association, or a place that is unorganized. We talk about a person
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ, ํ˜‘ํšŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์งˆ์„œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:25
being disorganized. I'm going to come back to these.
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:28
So, now, we know, "dis", "un", depends on the word you're using. Same goes for these
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์ด์ œ "dis", "un"์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:35
ones. Right? For example, "non", "non", there are not that many words. You have a "nonpayment".
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. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "non", "non", ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋ฏธ๋‚ฉ"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
Okay? You bought something, it's non-refundable. Keep in mind sometimes you will have a hyphen,
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜์‹  ์ƒํ’ˆ์€ ํ™˜๋ถˆ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
07:54
sometimes you will not. How do you know? Check the dictionary. Again, not really any rule
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์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์••๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค . ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:59
here. Some dictionaries, like American dictionaries will put like a hyphen, British ones won't.
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. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌ์ „์€ ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ถ™์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๊ตญ ์‚ฌ์ „์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Depends what you need, that's what you'll use.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
"In", "im", same thing, especially with "il", "ir", they're all exact same. They also mean
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"In", "im", ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ, ํŠนํžˆ "il", "ir"์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ
08:14
not, or opposite, or lack. We usually use "im" with words that begin with a "b", "m",
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "b", "m" ๋˜๋Š” "p"๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "im"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:21
or a "p". Now, the thing about "in" or "im", you have to be careful about it. They don't
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. ์ž, "in" ๋˜๋Š” "im"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
only mean not; they have other meanings. For example, it could mean to put something into,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:33
or show direction towards the inside of something. Right?
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. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
08:37
So, for example, "immigrate" means migrate into a country. So, come... Or come into a
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "immigrate"๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด์ฃผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”... ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋กœ ์˜ค์„ธ์š”
08:48
country, I should say, sorry. "Migrate" move, "im", into. Move into a country. "Inflame",
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, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋งˆ์ด๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜"์€ "im"์„ ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Inflame",
08:58
so this is another use of the prefix "in". Means to cause, to be, or to make. Right?
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ "in"์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์šฉ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋‹ค, ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋‹ค, ๋งŒ๋“ค๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
09:04
So, you inflame, you make it... The flame, you make it more of a flame, you intensify it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถˆ์„ ๋ถ™์ด๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„... ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
Sorry, intensify. So, there's a... Somebody's having a fight, you want to inflame it. You
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—... ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ฑ„์งˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
09:18
give them both reasons to fight more. You inflame the product, the situation. So, "in"
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ์‹ธ์šธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ œํ’ˆ, ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋ถˆ์„ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "in"
09:24
and "im" not only mean "not", they also mean "toward" or "to cause". So, be careful.
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๊ณผ "im"์€ "not"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ "toward" ๋˜๋Š” "to cause"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด.
09:31
"Il" and "ir" we use with words that begin with "l" or "r". For example, "illogical",
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"Il"๊ณผ "ir"์€ "l" ๋˜๋Š” "r"๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋น„๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ",
09:40
"irrelevant". Going back to "im", "b", "m", "p". "Imbalanced", "immaterial", "impossible".
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"๊ด€๋ จ ์—†์Œ". "im", "b", "m", "p"๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•", "๋ฌดํ˜•", "๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ".
09:48
I'm using adjectives. You're not limited to adjectives. There could be other things. For
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๊ตญํ•œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
example, "immigration" is a noun. "Immigrate" is a verb. I'm still using the "im". So be
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "์ด๋ฏผ"์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด๋ฏผํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ "im"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
09:59
careful about these. And the "non", "nonpayment", "non-refundable".
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "๋น„", "๋ฏธ๋‚ฉ", "ํ™˜๋ถˆ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
Now, there is another situation. "Mis", I know this is not on my list, this is a different
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์ด์ œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Mis", ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ๋ก์— ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
10:10
prefix. But many people think that "mis" means "not". It doesn't. "Mis" means wrongly, in
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์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ "mis"๊ฐ€ "not"์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Mis"๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป,
10:17
a wrong way. So, "inappropriate" means not appropriate, not proper, not correct. "Misappropriate",
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ"์€ ์ ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ์ ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ, ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ",
10:27
"inappropriate", "misappropriate", this word and this word are two different words. This
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"๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ", "๋ถ€์ ์ ˆ", ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์™€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
10:34
is an adjective, means correct or proper. "Appropriate" is a verb, means take. If you
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๋‹ค, ์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ, ์ทจํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
misappropriate, you take something in a dishonest way, in a wrong way. Okay? So, be very careful
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๋‚จ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
10:48
about "mis". And make sure you understand which word you are using before you add your prefix.
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"๋ฏธ์Šค"์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
Now, we're getting to the gist of the lesson, we're getting to the main point. How do you
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์š”์ ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์š”์ ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
11:00
know, and what if you don't know which prefix to use? So, for example, "unsecure", "insecure".
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์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์–ด๋–ค ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด "๋น„๋ณด์•ˆ", "๋น„๋ณด์•ˆ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
"Insecure" generally, we talk about a person... A person's attitude toward him or herself.
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"๋ถˆ์•ˆ"์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์ž์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํƒœ๋„.
11:15
If someone is insecure, means they lack confidence; they're not confident. They don't have the
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
11:21
self-security. "Unsecure" means not safe. Now, if you're talking about a computer that
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์ž๊ธฐ ์•ˆ์ „์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Unsecure"๋Š” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
11:27
doesn't have an anti-virus, it's unsecure. It doesn't have a firewall, it's unsecure.
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์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฉํ™”๋ฒฝ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
If you attach a picture to the wall... For example, this, this whiteboard is secured
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๋ฒฝ์— ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด.. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์ด ํ™”์ดํŠธ๋ณด๋“œ๋Š”
11:40
to the wall. If I take out the screws, it might fall over, it would be unsecure.
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๋ฒฝ์— ๊ณ ์ •๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ’€๋ฉด ๋„˜์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ณ ์ •๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
But many people feel this word is uncomfortable, it just doesn't sound right, "unsecure". If
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:52
you're not sure, use the two words. Say: "Not secure". If this word, "unsecure" doesn't
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ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ "์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "unsecure"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
12:00
feel correct, don't use it. Use "not secure". Tell me the meaning of this. Okay? Don't worry
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์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
12:07
about the word itself if you don't like it.
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.
12:10
Which, brings us, again, to the main point: how do you know? Well, you have to feel.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
You have to feel the language, you have to feel which word sounds correct or not. Now, this
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์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
12:24
is especially important in writing. In spoken English, if you say: "Dispossible", people
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๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด๋กœ "์ผํšŒ์šฉ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
12:33
will look at you a little bit strange, but they will understand what you're saying. In
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
writing, they will look at it and try to figure out what's going on; they'll get confused.
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์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
In writing, it's very important to use the right word, the correct word. You have to feel it.
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๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด, ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
Now, how do you feel which word is correct and which word is not? Read. Read a lot, a
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์ด์ œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งž๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์€์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ฝ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์ด,
12:54
lot, a lot, a lot. This is where you get to feel the language. For example, if you read
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๋งŽ์ด, ๋งŽ์ด, ๋งŽ์ด ์ฝ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
12:59
100 books by 100 different authors, all of them will use "imbalanced". Nobody will use
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100๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ €์ž๊ฐ€ ์“ด 100๊ถŒ์˜ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‘ "๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ฌด๋„
13:06
"disbalanced". Some might use "unbalanced". Okay? So, you're free to use one or the other.
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"๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” "๋ถˆ๊ท ํ˜•"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
Okay? "Immaterial", everybody will use "immaterial" or "not material". "Immaterial", by the way,
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์ข‹์•„์š”? "Immaterial"์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ "immaterial" ๋˜๋Š” "not material"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , "Immaterial"์€
13:22
means not important, not relevant. Same as "irrelevant", "immaterial", synonyms. Okay?
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์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ด€๋ จ ์—†๋Š”", "์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€", ๋™์˜์–ด์™€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:29
So, now, personally, I recommend reading novels. Why? Because the authors of novels, technically,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†Œ์„ค ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ? ์†Œ์„ค์˜ ์ž‘๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ
13:37
should have a very strong command of grammar. They spend a lot of time thinking about every
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์‚ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ 
13:41
word they use, and they have editors, who also check every word they use. So, novels
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ง‘์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ์„ค์€
13:48
get you... Really play with the language and really help you get this feel for the language.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„... ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€๊ณ  ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
But until you get that feeling, until that time comes, use a dictionary. Like anything
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€, ๊ทธ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ „์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
13:59
else, if you're not sure, check. The dictionary says like this, use it like that. If you're
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ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์‚ฌ์ „์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:05
in the middle of the test and you can't think of... You don't have a dictionary, you have
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์‹œํ—˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ... ์‚ฌ์ „๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
14:09
to write something, give it your best guess and hope for the best. But eventually, you
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๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ ์–ด์„œ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ถ”์ธก ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š”
14:14
will know just by looking at it if it's right or wrong.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
Okay, if you go to www.engvid.com, I put a quiz there that will test your knowledge of
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. www.engvid.com์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
14:23
some of these words with their prefixes. A couple little surprise ones for you as well.
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์ ‘๋‘์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๋Š” ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์€ ๋†€๋ผ์›€๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
Also, don't forget to subscribe to my channel on YouTube. And ask any questions you'd like,
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๋˜ํ•œ YouTube์—์„œ ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ
14:33
and I'll get back to you as soon as I can. Thanks.
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์—ฐ๋ฝ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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