Phrasal Verbs As Nouns

216,077 views ใƒป 2012-10-29

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:03
Adam: Hi. Nice to see you again. Adam from www.engvid.com. And, today, I want
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ใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ : ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ www.engvid.comใฎใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
00:08
to talk to you about something that's very confusing for most students: It's
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ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใซใจใฃใฆ้žๅธธใซๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบ‹ๆŸ„ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œ
00:13
when you take phrasal verbs โ€” for example, "make up" โ€” and you squeeze
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ใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž ( ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€Œmake upใ€) ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šใ€
00:16
them together to make nouns or adjectives. This is very confusing
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใฆๅ่ฉžใ‚„ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:20
because sometimes the sound changes; the meaning changes. So, we're going to look
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ๆ™‚ใ€…้ŸณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™
00:24
at this today. Now, before I start, I want to tell you something. Those of you
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ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœฌ้กŒใซๅ…ฅใ‚‹ๅ‰ ใซใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:29
who are going to take the IELTS test, pay very close attention. This is very
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰IELTSใ‚’ๅ—้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นใฏใ€ ๅๅˆ†ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
00:33
important for you; lots of points to be lost or gained here. So, let's start. We
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๅคฑใฃใŸใ‚Šๅพ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ
00:40
all know the word "makeup". What does "makeup" mean? Notice I say it quickly,
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็š†ใ€ใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใฃใฆใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ๏ผŸ ไธ€็ท’ใซๆ—ฉใ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:45
together? "Makeup", as a noun, has a few meanings. One is the stuff you put on
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ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใฎใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใซใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ 1ใคใฏใ€้ก”ใซใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
00:51
your face. You put lipstick, you put eyeshadow; other stuff, I don't know; I
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ใ€‚ ๅฃ็ด…ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ขใ‚คใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ‰ใ‚ฆใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Š ใ€‚ ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็ง
00:56
don't put on makeup. "Makeup" can also be used to make... to talk about
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ใฏๅŒ–็ฒงใ‚’ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ "Makeup" ใฏ make ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™...
01:02
something that you redo. For example: "a makeup exam". Okay? In this case, I'm
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ใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œ ่ฟฝ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฏ
01:11
using it as a noun with another noun. So, the first one is really used like an
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎๅ่ฉžใจไธ€็ท’ใซๅ่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚‚ใฎใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ
01:16
adjective. "A makeup exam" โ€” what does that mean? If you missed your test or
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฟฝ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ€ ใฃใฆใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ๏ผŸ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’้€ƒใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆ
01:21
your exam, your teacher will give you an opportunity to do it again โ€” "a makeup
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ใ€ๆ•™ๅธซใฏ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅ—้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ โ€” ใ€Œ่ฟฝๅŠ 
01:26
exam". What does...? What else does "makeup" mean? Again, as an adjective...
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่ฉฆ้จ“ใ€ใ€‚ ใจใฏ...? ใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใจใฏไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆ...
01:32
Okay, do you know what? Before we do the adjective, let's go to the verb. How
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹? ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ ใซใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†
01:35
about that? "Make up" โ€” what does "make up" mean? First, notice the different
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ใซใใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ โ€” ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏ ใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใšใ€็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
01:42
stress. "Makeup" โ€” the stress is on the "make". "Make up" โ€” the stress is on the
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ€ โ€” ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฏ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ€ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ โ€” ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฏ
01:50
"up". This is the phrasal verb, meaning a verb and a preposition together with
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ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใง ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใŒไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆ
01:56
slightly different meaning. Okay. "To make up" โ€” what are some meanings? What
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ ่ฃœใ†ใ€ โ€” ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ใชใŸ
02:01
can you think of? One is to do again. Okay? "To make up an assignment, to make
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ใฏไฝ•ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไธ€ใคใฏใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œ่ชฒ้กŒใ‚’
02:11
up a test, to make up for lost time". Okay? What's another meaning for "make
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่ฃœใ†ใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’่ฃœใ†ใ€ๅคฑใฃใŸๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่ฃœใ†ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฎๅˆฅใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏไฝ•
02:18
up"? Well, you can put on your "makeup"; you "make up" your face. Okay, great.
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ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ก”ใ‚’ใ€Œไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:25
What else can "make up" mean? "Make up" can mean create. You can "make up a
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ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใฏไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ ใฏไฝœๆˆใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใ€ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
02:32
story"; you create something from nothing. Okay? So, now, we have the verb
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ใชใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž
02:39
"make up"; when we put it together, we have "makeup". You can do the "makeup
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ใ€Œmake upใ€ใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใพใจใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฟฝ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ€ใŒใงใใ‚‹
02:45
exam" means you do it again. You can put on "makeup"; cosmetics, lipstick, and
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚„ใ‚Š็›ดใ™ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใ€ŒๅŒ–็ฒงใ€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒ–็ฒงๅ“
02:50
all that stuff. Or you can... Okay, we'll leave it at that for now. "Made
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ใ€ๅฃ็ด…ใชใฉใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใงใใพใ™...ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š ใพใ—ใŸใ€ไปŠใฏใใฎใพใพใซใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
02:56
up" โ€” here, we have an adjective; and notice: It's not "make up"; it's "made
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ๆง‹ๆˆใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€โ€”ใ“ใ“ใซใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆณจๆ„: ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ
03:03
up". Okay? When I use it as an adjective, it's always going to be about
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ใ€Œไฝœใ‚Š็‰ฉใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ†ใจใใฏ ใ€
03:07
the past tense. For example: "a made-up story". Okay? You... you told somebody a
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ๅฟ…ใš้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไพ‹๏ผšใ€Œ ไฝœใ‚Š่ฉฑใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ... ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใซ
03:16
story. -"Why didn't you come to my party?" -"Oh, I had to go somewhere and
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่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ -ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎ ๏ผŸใ€ โ€•โ€•ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ใฉใ“ใ‹ใธ่กŒใฃใฆไฝ•ใ‹ใ—
03:19
do something", so it's a "made-up story". When we use it like this, I put
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ใชใใ‚ƒใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ€Œ ไฝœใ‚Š่ฉฑใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟใ†ใจใใฏใƒใ‚คใƒ•ใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œ
03:24
in the hyphen. Okay? Now, again, for the IELTS students out there โ€” very
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ IELTS ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€้žๅธธใซ
03:30
important โ€” on the test, they're gonna... in the listening section, for
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้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใงใ™ใŒใ€ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใง ... ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒชใ‚นใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง
03:34
example, they want to hear... know if you can hear the difference in the
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ใ€่žใใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™... ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
stress between these two. And, also, when you're filling in answers, spelling
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ใ“ใฎ2ใคใฎ้–“ใซใ€‚ ใพใŸใ€ ๅ›ž็ญ”ใ‚’่จ˜ๅ…ฅใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ‚นใƒšใƒซใŒ
03:43
counts; spelling is important. This โ€” no space or space can cost you points. It's
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้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒšใƒซใฏ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ โ€” ใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใ‚„ใ‚นใƒšใƒผใ‚นใŒใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆถˆ่ฒปใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:51
very important to understand. Where do you find out which word is being used or
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็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹
03:55
the different meanings of all these words? In the dictionary, of course. Use
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ใ€ใพใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใฉใ“ใงใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“่พžๆ›ธใซใ‚‚ใ€‚ ่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
04:00
your dictionary; use it a lot. Okay. So, here, we have some things. Now, what
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ ใ“ใ“ใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€
04:05
else can "make up" mean? I just thought of another one. Maybe you did, too. If
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ใ€Œ่ฃœใ†ใ€ใจใฏไป–ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ็งใฏใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉ ๅˆฅใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๅคšๅˆ†ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚‚ใใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:10
you have a fight โ€” you and someone fight; you argue; not fisticuffs, but
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‘ใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใจ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใ‚ฑใƒณใ‚ซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไธปๅผตใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฎดใ‚Šๅˆใ„ใงใฏใชใใ€
04:14
argue โ€” after you decide to be nice to each other again, you "make up". It
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ไธปๅผตใ—ใพใ™โ€”ๅ†ใณใŠไบ’ใ„ใซ่ฆชๅˆ‡ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใจๆฑบใ‚ใŸๅพŒ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œไปฒ็›ดใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:20
means end the fight. And for the couples out there, the boys and girls who have
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ๆˆฆใ„ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใƒซใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
04:29
boyfriends/girlfriends, you can have "makeup sex" โ€” very good stuff.
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ใƒœใƒผใ‚คใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰/ใ‚ฌใƒผใƒซใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใƒ‰ใŒใ„ใ‚‹็”ทใฎๅญใจๅฅณใฎๅญใซใจใฃใฆใฏใ€ ใ€Œใƒกใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚ปใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ€ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™.
04:34
Preferably don't fight; but if you fight, at least you know there's a good
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ใงใใ‚Œใฐๆˆฆใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆˆฆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซ่‰ฏใ„้ขใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:37
side to it coming after. Okay. Lots of these words in English that become very
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. ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ้žๅธธใซ็ด›ใ‚‰ใ‚ใ—ใ„่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
04:43
confusing. Right? Let's look at a couple more examples.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณ๏ผŸ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
04:46
Okay, so let's look at some more examples. I put in a couple of surprise
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใฉใ‚Œใปใฉใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚คใ‚ธใƒผใ‹ใ‚’็คบใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้ฉšใใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ
04:52
ones just to show you how crazy English is. First of all, I have "back up" and
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. ใพใšใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจ
04:58
"backup"; verb, noun. Do you hear the difference? "Back up", "backup". Stress,
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžๅ่ฉžใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ€
05:07
stress; very important. "Get up", "getup". What's the difference? Again,
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚น; ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ่ตทใใ‚ใ€ใ€Œ่ตทใใ‚ใ€ใ€‚ ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
05:15
verb and noun. I think everybody knows this one: "check in" and "check-in".
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใจใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:22
Now, here you have to be careful. Here, you notice that "getup" and "backup" are
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ€Œgetupใ€ใจใ€Œbackupใ€ใŒ
05:27
one word. Here, "check-in" โ€” this is two words, but it's still a noun. A verb and
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1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ โ€” ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 2 ใคใฎ ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉž
05:35
a noun still. "Hang up". I think everybody knows this phrasal verb โ€”
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ใจๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ "้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹"ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅฅๅ‹•่ฉž
05:40
"hang up" โ€” and "hangup". Again, verb and noun. Let's look at some of these
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ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž ใจๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:46
meanings. What does it mean to "back up"? One meaning is to support; you back
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณ ใงใ™ใ‹? 1 ใคใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:53
someone up when they go for a fight. Your friend is gonna have a fight, you
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆˆฆใ„ใซ่กŒใใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ชฐใ‹ใ‚’ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‹ไบบใฏๅ–งๅ˜ฉใ‚’
05:57
back him up just in case. Or on your computer. Most of you are using a
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟไธŠใงใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„
06:02
computer, obviously โ€” you want to "back up" your files; you want to have a copy.
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ใพใ™ โ€” ใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:09
"Back up" also means go in reverse; you "back up" your car. Okay? Lots of
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ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏใ€้€†ใซ้€ฒใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ปŠใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ
06:17
different meanings. "Backup". What is a "backup"? One, it is a copy. For
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็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ€‚ "ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—"ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไธ€ใคใ€ใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
06:22
example, you have a "backup" of all your files on your hard disk. "Backup" can
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒใƒผใƒ‰ใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚ฏไธŠใซใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ•ใ‚กใ‚คใƒซใฎใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏ
06:28
also mean reinforcement. I'll write this word for you. "Reinforcement" โ€” this...
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่ฃœๅผทใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎ ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่ฃœๅผทใ€ โ€”
06:39
this is usually the people or sometimes the things that do the support. For
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ตใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’่กŒใ†ไบบใพใŸใฏๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ใฏ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚
06:44
example, if you saw the movie, The Matrix โ€” when our Neo and Trinity go
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ€Œใƒžใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใƒใ‚ชใจใƒˆใƒชใƒ‹ใƒ†ใ‚ฃใŒ
06:49
into the building to save Morpheus and they shoot the cop; and the other cop is
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ใƒขใƒผใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใ‚นใ‚’ๆ•‘ใ†ใŸใ‚ใซๅปบ็‰ฉใซๅ…ฅใ‚Š ใ€่ญฆๅฎ˜ใ‚’ๆ’ƒใฃใŸใจใใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ไบบใฎ่ญฆๅฎ˜
06:52
on the walkie-talkie, goes: "Backup! Send backup!" That's what he's talking
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ใฏใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใ‚ทใƒผใƒใƒผใงใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—๏ผ ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„๏ผใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฝผใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
06:56
about. He wants more soldiers to come and fight. Okay? So, that's "backup".
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎๅ…ตๅฃซใŒๆฅใฆๆˆฆใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€Œใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:01
Let's go to another one. "Get up". Do you know this word? I think you do. You
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ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใค่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ "่ตทใใ‚‹"ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ†ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:06
do this every day, actually. Every morning, you "get up". It means you wake
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏŽๆœใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œ่ตทใใพใ™ใ€ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
07:11
up; you get out of bed. Or you "get up" means stand. But who knows what "getup"
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใƒ™ใƒƒใƒ‰ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œget upใ€ ใฏ็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ€Œgetupใ€ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹่ชฐใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„
07:19
means? Very strange word; you've probably not heard it often before.
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ใพใ™ใ‹? ้žๅธธใซๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:23
"Getup" means clothes; what you're wearing. So, "my getup" is very casual
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ใ€ŒGetupใ€ใฏๆœใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ€Œ็งใฎ่ตทใไธŠใŒใ‚Šใ€ใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซ
07:29
today. Just wearing a shirt, jeans, shoes โ€” no problem. "Getup" โ€”
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ€ใ‚ธใƒผใƒณใ‚บใ€้ดใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใง ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€ŒGetupใ€ โ€”
07:34
interesting word. "Check in". What does "check in" mean? "Check in" means for
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่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚ "ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณ"ใ€‚ "ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณ" ใจใฏใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใจใฏใ€
07:40
example, at a hotel โ€” you go to the front desk, give your name, give your
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใงใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒญใƒณใƒˆใƒ‡ใ‚นใ‚ฏใซ่กŒใใ€ๅๅ‰ใ‚’ไผใˆ
07:44
credit card, get your room; you "check in". "Check in" also means call in to
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ใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆธกใ—ใ€้ƒจๅฑ‹ใ‚’็ขบไฟใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏ ใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€
07:50
say where you are, what you're doing, etcetera. So, for example, security: A
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ใจใฏใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒใฉใ“ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใชใฉใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ปใ‚ญใƒฅใƒชใƒ†ใ‚ฃ:
07:55
security guard is walking around the building; there's other security guards.
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่ญฆๅ‚™ๅ“กใŒๅปบ็‰ฉใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใ‚’ๆญฉใ„ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป–ใซ่ญฆๅ‚™ๅ“กใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:59
Every once in a while, they will call: "Yeah, this is security guard number
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ใจใใฉใใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ“ใ†่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
08:02
two. Everything's clear on the southwest corner." So, he's "checking in".
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผใฏใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:08
"Check-in" is the process of checking in at the hotel. You can also use it as an
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ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใฏใ€ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ปใ‚นใงใ™ ใ€‚
08:15
adjective: "the check-in desk". This is where you go in the hotel to "check in".
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ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚นใ‚ฏใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:20
It could also be at a medical office, like a doctor's office. You go to "check
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ใพใŸใ€่จบ็™‚ๆ‰€ใชใฉใฎ่จบ็™‚ๆ‰€ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏ
08:24
in"; you "check in" at the reception, etcetera. "Hang up". I think all of you
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ใ‚คใƒณใ€ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใ‚ปใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใชใฉใงใ€Œใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚คใƒณใ€ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ "้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹"ใ€‚
08:30
know what "hang up" means. When you "hang up", you close the phone; you
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ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใใฏใ€้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’้–‰ใ˜ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:34
"hang up" the phone or turn off the phone; or you "hang up" a picture. What
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้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ€Œๅˆ‡ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‹ใ€้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ๅ†™็œŸใ‚’ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:39
is a "hangup"? Now, this is a noun. You've probably not heard this word
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ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
08:43
before. I hope peop-... everybody has some "hangups". Don't worry about it,
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏไบบใ€…ใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™-...่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆ
08:48
but I hope you don't have any crazy "hangups". A "hangup" is like a mental
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŠใ‹ใ—ใชใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็ฒพ็ฅž็š„
08:52
dislike of something; something that you just really, really don't like but you
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ใชๅซŒๆ‚ชๆ„Ÿใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฅฝใใงใฏใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎ
08:56
don't know why. Okay? Everybody has them. I have them; you have them. One of
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็†็”ฑใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŒใค; ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:00
my "hangups" is red. I don't like red. You will never see me wearing a red
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็งใฎใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใฎ1ใคใฏ่ตคใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ตคใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ็งใŒ่ตคใ„ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:05
shirt. Why? I don't know. I just don't like it. It's my own, personal "hangup".
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ใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ็ง่‡ช่บซใฎๅ€‹ไบบ็š„ใชใ€Œใƒใƒณใ‚ฐใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:10
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:11
Now, again, how are you going to find out what a particular word means? Check
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒ ใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ชฟในใพใ™ใ‹?
09:16
your dictionary. Okay? All of these are in your dictionary. There's lots of
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่พžๆ›ธใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่พžๆ›ธใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:21
online dictionaries, by the way. If you need... if you don't have a dictionary
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ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ่พžๆ›ธใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆ...่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใŠใ‚‰ใšใ€
09:27
and you have internet: www.mw.com โ€” Merriam Webster's Dictionary; American
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ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใƒใƒƒใƒˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ: www.mw.com โ€” Merriam Webster's Dictionary; ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ
09:32
English; very good dictionary โ€” go use it. Now, before I go, I want to tell
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่‹ฑ่ชž; ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„่พžๆ›ธใงใ™ - ไฝฟใฃ ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ใใฎๅ‰ใซใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎ
09:37
you: There is a quiz on www.engvid.com. Go check it out. But be careful: Some of
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ใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
09:44
these words are there, but there are some other words on this quiz. If you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฏใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซใฏไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
09:48
don't use a dictionary, you'll have a bit of a hard time on this quiz. Okay? I
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่พžๆ›ธใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ„ ใจใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๅฐ‘ใ—่‹ฆๅŠดใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:52
hope that helps you out. For the IELTS students, keep this in mind. Study hard,
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ IELTS ใฎ ๅญฆ็”Ÿใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใฆใ€
09:57
and I'll see you again soon. Thanks.
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ใพใŸใ™ใใซใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚

Original video on YouTube.com
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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