Grammar: How to use IF & WHETHER properly

1,014,043 views ใƒป 2015-07-31

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:01
Hi again. Welcome back to www.engvid.com. My name's Adam. Welcome again. Today's lesson
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ใพใŸไผšใฃใŸใญใ€‚ www.engvid.com ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ็งใฎ ๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒ€ใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
00:07
is a grammar lesson, and this is a question that I am asked often. What is the difference
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ใฏๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ˆใ่žใ‹ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:13
between "if" and "whether"? Okay? It's a very good question. It's pretty simple, straightforward,
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ใ€Œใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใจใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ ่ณชๅ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ˜็ด”ๆ˜Žๅฟซ
00:20
but we're going to look at both of these in relation to each other.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎ 2 ใค ใ‚’็›ธไบ’ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ•ใ›ใฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:24
First of all, let's make sure everybody understands "whether" is not spelled the same as "weather",
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ใพใšใ€ ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใŒใ€Œๅคฉๆฐ—ใ€ใจๅŒใ˜็ถดใ‚Šใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ…จๅ“กใŒ็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:31
like sunny, raining. This is about rain, sun, snow, wind, temperature; this is similar to
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ใ€‚ๆ™ดใ‚Œใ€้›จใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้›จใ€ๅคช้™ฝใ€ ้›ชใ€้ขจใ€ๆฐ—ๆธฉใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
00:42
"if", it's about having choices. Okay?
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ใ€Œifใ€ใซไผผใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚’ๆŒใคใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
00:45
So, in some situations, "if" and "whether" are interchangeable, but the best way to not
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็Šถๆณใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใจใ€Œwetherใ€ ใฏไบคๆ›ๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใŒใ€
00:53
make a mistake, not to mix them up in the wrong context is to always use "if" for conditionals;
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้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€้–“้•ใฃใŸใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใฎๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎๆ–นๆณ• ใฏใ€ๆกไปถใซใฏๅธธใซใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ 2 ใคใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ€2 ใคใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ข
01:00
always use "whether" when you're talking about two alternatives, two choices. Okay? You'll
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๅธธใซใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
01:05
see what I mean.
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็งใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:07
When they can be interchanged. First of all, when they are used as noun clauses, means
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไบคๆ›ใงใใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚ ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒๅ่ฉžๅฅใจใ—ใฆไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๆ–‡
01:13
they can be the object or the subject of a sentence, they can mean the same thing. But
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ใฎ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใพใŸใฏไธป่ชžใซ ใชใ‚Šๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใŸใ ใ—
01:19
again, avoid using them the same if you don't want to make mistakes. "Do you know if Dan
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ใ€้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใŸใใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ€ใƒณ
01:25
is coming?" Do you know what? If Dan is coming. "Do you know whether Dan is coming?" In this
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ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸใ€ ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ€ใƒณใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ€ใƒณใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ“ใฎ
01:32
case, they basically mean the same thing. Yes or no: is he coming or is he not coming?
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ ใพใŸใฏใ„ใ„ใˆ: ๅฝผใฏๆฅใพใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‹?
01:38
You could add the "or not?" here: "Do you know whether Dan is coming or not?" But the
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ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใกใ‚‰: ใ€Œ ใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚นใงใฏใ€
01:45
word "whether" already gives you a choice between yes or no in this particular case,
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ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ™ใงใซใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใ‹ใƒŽใƒผใ‹ใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚’ไธŽใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹
01:51
so this is not necessary. It's understood. Okay?
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:56
Now, let's look at these two sentences: "I don't know if the exam is on Friday or Saturday.",
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ใงใฏใ€
02:03
"I don't know whether the exam is on Friday or Saturday." So here, we're looking directly
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ใ€Œ่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ใ€ใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€้ธๆŠžใ‚’็›ดๆŽฅ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:08
at a choice. When I use "whether": "I don't know whether the exam is on Friday or Saturday."
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅ ดๅˆ๏ผšใ€Œ ่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
02:14
So again, you have two options when you look at "whether". Friday is one option, Saturday
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€2 ใคใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚ ้‡‘ๆ›œๆ—ฅใฏใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ 1 ใคใ€ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅ
02:19
is another option. The problem here is if you use "if", "if" is not limited to two options.
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ใฏๅˆฅใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงๅ•้กŒใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ ใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใŒ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซ้™ๅฎšใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:27
"I don't know if the exam is on Friday or Saturday, or if it's next week sometime."
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ใ€Œ่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒ้‡‘ๆ›œใชใฎใ‹ ๅœŸๆ›œใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๆฅ้€ฑใชใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ€
02:33
So here, although they seem to mean the same thing, the "if" gives you other options that
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฆ‹ใˆ ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใฏใ€Œwetherใ€ใŒๆไพ›ใ—ใชใ„ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใพใ™
02:40
the "whether" doesn't. "Whether": one, two. "If": one, two, or something completely different.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€: 1 ใคใ€2 ใคใ€‚ ใ€ŒIfใ€: 1 ใคใ€2 ใคใ€ใพใŸใฏใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€‚
02:46
So if you want to avoid making this mistake, use "whether" for the choices, use... Save
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€้ธๆŠž่‚ขใซใ€Œwetherใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—
02:53
"if" for when you have your conditional sentence. Now, what is a conditional sentence? A conditional
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’ไฟๅญ˜ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
02:59
sentence is using "if" as an adverb clause. There's a condition. If "A" happens, "B" will
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ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฏใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž็ฏ€ใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆกไปถใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒAใ€ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Œใฐใ€ŒBใ€ใŒ
03:06
happen. Okay? One thing needs to happen for the second thing to happen, that's the condition.
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่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ 2็•ช็›ฎใฎใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใฏใ€1ใคใฎใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒๆกไปถใงใ™ใ€‚
03:12
So: "Let me know", oh, sorry. I forgot this word, here. "Let me know if you're coming.",
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œๆ•™ใˆใฆใ€ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ”ใ‚ใ‚“ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฅใ‚‹
03:21
"Let me know whether you're coming." In this case, they're both okay. "Let me know whether
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ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ€ใ€Œๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใ€ ใ“ใฎ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
03:27
you're coming or not."
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฅใชใ„ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
03:28
Now, what's the difference between: "Let me know if you're coming", "Let me know whether
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใจใ€Œ
03:32
you're coming or not"? If you are coming, yes, let me know. This is a conditional. If
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ ใฏใ„ใ€็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆกไปถไป˜ใใงใ™ใ€‚
03:40
this is true, do this. "Let me know whether you're coming or not." If you're coming, let
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅฎŸ่กŒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใ‹ๆฅใชใ„ใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€ ๆฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
03:47
me know; if you're not coming, let me know. So in this case, both apply. Okay? So, again,
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ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆฅใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใซ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏไธกๆ–นใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Š
03:58
use this to... The condition. This is the condition, this is the result. Here, this
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ... ๆกไปถใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ๆกไปถใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็ตๆžœใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:04
is going to happen regardless. So we're going to look at this in a second in more detail.
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ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:09
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
04:10
"I'll come over if you want me to." If you want it, I will do it; if you don't want it,
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ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ›ใ‚€ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ๆœ›ใ‚€ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ›ใพใชใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€
04:18
I will not do it. So this is the condition. If you want me to, I'll come over. This is
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็งใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆกไปถใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใซๆฅใฆใปใ—ใ„ใชใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ
04:25
the condition, this is the result. So your best option is to always use "if" with conditionals,
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ใŒๆกไปถใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็ตๆžœใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€่‰ฏใฎ ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใฏใ€ๆกไปถไป˜ใใงๅธธใซใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’
04:31
use "whether" to talk about two alternatives.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ€Œwetherใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆ 2 ใคใฎ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:34
Now, the other common use of "whether" is to mean "regardless". Doesn't matter what
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใฎไป–ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชไฝฟ็”จๆณ•ใฏ ใ€ใ€Œ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•
04:41
happens, regardless of the situation, here's what I want you to do. "I'm coming over whether
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ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใฉใ‚“ใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚‚ใ€ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ“ใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. ใ€ŒๅฅฝใๅซŒใ„ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใๆฅ
04:47
you like it or not." Okay. "Whether you like it or not" means if you like it, I'm coming
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ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œๅฅฝใ ใ‹ๅซŒใ„ใ‹ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ๅฅฝใใชใ‚‰็งใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™
04:53
over; if you don't like it, too bad, I'm coming over. So this verb is going to happen regardless
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ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฎ‹ๅฟตใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใŒ ๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ
05:02
of this situation. Okay? So that's when we must also use the "or not". Remember here,
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ใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใใฎ ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใง่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€
05:09
I said "or not" can come out because it's understood here. Here are your two options.
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ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใฏใ“ใ“ใง็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใซ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
Here, it's not about options. Here, it's about saying something is regardless. Doesn't matter
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:21
what you like, what you don't like - I'm coming over. Okay? "I'm coming over if you like it",
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ไฝ•ใŒๅฅฝใใ‹ๅซŒใ„ใ‹ใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ - ็งใฏ ๆฅใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ€Œๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸใ‚‰่กŒใใพใ™ใ€
05:30
it means: you like it, I'm coming; you don't like it, I'm not coming. Okay?
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ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅซŒใ„ใงใ™ใ€็งใฏๆฅใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:34
So: "whether", to talk about regardless, you must have the "or not". To give the options,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใ€้–ขไฟ‚ใชใ่ฉฑใ™ใซใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใŒ ๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใ‚’ไธŽใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€
05:41
you don't need the "or not". If, in a noun clause-means this situation-is the object
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ใ€Œใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใฏๅฟ…่ฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ If, ๅ่ฉž ๅฅใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใŒ
05:50
of "know". Know what? If he is coming. Yes or no. Here, it's a conditional. So first
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ใ€ใ€Œ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใฎ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ๅฝผใŒๆฅใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚ ใฏใ„ใ€ ใ‚‚ใ—ใใฏใ€ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๆกไปถไป˜ใใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€
05:58
of all, you must understand: is it a noun clause object or is it an adverb clause condition?
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ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ่ฉž็ฏ€ใฎ ็›ฎ็š„่ชžใชใฎใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅ‰ฏ่ฉž็ฏ€ใฎๆกไปถใชใฎใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:04
So, to avoid making mistakes, especially in written English: use "if" for conditionals,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็‰นใซ ่‹ฑ่ชžใงๆ›ธใๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ€Œifใ€ใ‚’ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใซ
06:11
use "whether" for alternatives or to mean "regardless". Okay? It's a little bit tricky,
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€ใ€Œwetherใ€ใ‚’ไปฃๆ›ฟๆกˆใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ€Œ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใใ€ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚„ใ‚„ใ“ใ—ใ„ใงใ™
06:18
but when you see more examples, it will become much clearer.
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ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ ใจใ‚‚ใฃใจใฏใฃใใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:22
So if you want to see more examples, come to www.engvid.com. There's a quiz there that
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:27
will test your understanding of this. Ask any questions you have on the comments section.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ็†่งฃๅบฆใ‚’ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:33
Don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel. Come back. I'll see you again. Bye.
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็งใฎYouTubeใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ . ๆˆปใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใพใŸไผšใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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