The L in American English - How to get it right! | Dark L | Light L

212,149 views ใƒป 2018-02-21

Accent's Way English with Hadar


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, guys.
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ใญใˆใ€ใฟใ‚“ใชใ€‚
00:01
It's Hadar, and this is the Accent's Way.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏHadarใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒAccent's Wayใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
Today we are going to talk about one of the most common and tricky sounds for
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ ใซใจใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใช้Ÿณใฎ 1 ใคใงใ‚ใ‚‹
00:07
non-native speakers - the American L.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใƒณ L ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฎŸ้š›
00:11
There are actually two different L sounds: the dark L and the light L, so today
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ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ L ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆš—ใ„ L ใจๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„ L ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:15
we're going to talk about both of them.
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ไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚ใ€‚
00:17
And also, another reason why it's so difficult is because there are many
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ใพใŸใ€ ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใฎใฏใ€
00:21
substitutions to both of these sounds.
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ไธกๆ–นใฎ้Ÿณใซๅคšใใฎ็ฝฎๆ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:24
I'm also going to talk about the common substitutions that
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ใพใŸใ€
00:27
non-native speakers make.
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้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ่กŒใ†ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:29
Now, if you find that I'm talking about something that is less relevant
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ใพใ‚Š้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใชใ„ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใฆใ€
00:32
to you, then skip forward to the part where I do talk about something that
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00:37
is relevant to you, a substitution that you are actually making.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใคใพใ‚Š ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไปฃ็”จใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้ƒจๅˆ†ใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„. ใพใšใ€
00:41
Let's begin by talking about the light L.
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ๅ…‰ L ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:44
The light L appears at the beginning of words, or before
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ๅ…‰ L ใฏใ€ ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅ…ˆ้ ญใ€ใพใŸใฏ
00:48
vowels in the middle of the word.
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้€”ไธญใงๆฏ้Ÿณใฎๅ‰ใซ็พใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
00:49
For example, "light", "allow", "belly", and "listen".
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ่ปฝใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่จฑๅฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ ใ€Œ่…นใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่žใใ€ใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
00:55
To make the L sound you bring the tip of the tongue up to
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L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใซใฏใ€ ่ˆŒๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠใซไธŠใ’ใฆ
00:58
touch the roof of the mouth.
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ๅฃ่“‹ใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:00
So this part, just the tip, should go up and touch that little
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ€ใกใ‚‡ใ†ใฉๅ…ˆ็ซฏใŒ ไธŠใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆญฏใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใฎๅฐใ•ใช้š†่ตทใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฏใšใงใ™
01:07
bump right behind the teeth.
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. ๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๆญฏใซ
01:08
It shouldn't necessarily touch the teeth, although it's not a huge problem,
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่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.L
01:12
L, L, it's sort of the same sound, but it has to be a continuous sound.
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ใ€Lใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€็จฎใฎๅŒใ˜้Ÿณใงใ™ใŒใ€ ้€ฃ็ถšใ—ใŸ้Ÿณใงใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:20
'LLL', right?
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ใ€ŒLLLใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:22
Now, two common mistakes made by non-native speakers are: first, is
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ใ•ใฆใ€้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ็Šฏใ™ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใฏ ๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚1 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€
01:26
what I call the 'ultra light' L.
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็งใŒใ€Œใ‚ฆใƒซใƒˆใƒฉ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ€L ใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:29
This is relevant for Spanish speakers or French speakers or Hebrew speakers.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบ ใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒ˜ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ค่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:34
This is when the tongue does go up and touches the upper palate, but the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€่ˆŒใŒไธŠใซไธŠใŒใฃใฆ ไธŠๅฃ่“‹ใซ่งฆใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใŒใ€
01:38
sound lacks this tension and muscle.
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้Ÿณใซใฏใ“ใฎ็ทŠๅผตใจ็ญ‹่‚‰ใŒๆฌ ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:42
Listen: 'light', 'listen', instead of "Light", "Listen".
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่žใ๏ผšใ€Œๅ…‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่žใใ€ใฎ ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€Œๅ…‰ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่žใใ€ใ€‚
01:51
What's the difference?
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้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:52
It feels like that in addition to bringing the tip of the tongue up and
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่ˆŒๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆ
01:57
pushing the air out to pass between the sides of the tongue, I'm also
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่ˆŒใฎๆจชใ‹ใ‚‰็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ™ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
02:03
engaging the back of the tongue.
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่ˆŒใฎๅฅฅใ‚‚ใ‹ใฟๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:06
'L'.
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02:06
It feels like as if I'm pushing the tongue forward and adding some tension here.
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ใ€ŒLใ€ใ€‚
่ˆŒใ‚’ ๅ‰ใซๆŠผใ—ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ็ทŠๅผตใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:14
So I feel like I'm pushing down the root of the tongue to create the sound:
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ่ˆŒใฎๆ นๅ…ƒใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ไธ‹ใ’ใฆ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:22
"Listen", "Law", and not 'listen', 'law'.
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ใ€Œ่žใใ€ใ€Œๆณ•ๅพ‹ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œ่žใใ€ใ€Œๆณ•ๅพ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:29
"Allow", and not 'allow'.
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ใ€Œ่จฑๅฏใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œ่จฑๅฏใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:32
Now, it's not a huge problem to substitute it with the ultra light L.
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ไปŠใงใฏใ€ ่ถ…่ปฝ้‡ใฎ L ใซ็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅคงใใชๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
02:37
Everyone will still understand you, but if you want to be more accurate and get
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใŒใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใซใชใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ใ€
02:41
that American or English sound, then you should definitely practice engaging
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใ‚„ใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่žใใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ˆŒใฎๅพŒใ‚ใ‚’ ใคใ‹ใ‚€็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:46
the back of the tongue a little more.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ€‚
02:48
Now, if it's still not clear, wait until they explain the dark L, and then I
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ใพใ ใฏใฃใใ‚Šใ—ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงๅพ…ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
02:52
think that's definitely gonna help you.
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ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€
02:54
Another common substitution, usually relevant for Korean speakers or
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้Ÿ“ๅ›ฝ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใพใŸใฏๆ—ฅๆœฌ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็ฝฎๆ›ใฏใ€
02:59
Japanese speakers, is to substitute this L sound with a light flap or an
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ใ“ใฎ L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่ปฝใ„ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใพใŸใฏ
03:05
R sound: '/r/ight', '/r/isten, okay?
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R ใฎ้Ÿณใซ็ฝฎใๆ›ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™: '/r/ight', '/r/isten, OK?
03:09
So there is a light tap there, but it's still sounds like an R sound.
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่ปฝใ„ใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ—้Ÿณใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ R ใฎ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:13
So here's the trick: you got to create contact between the tip of the tongue
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ใ“ใ“ใซ็ง˜่จฃใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆ็ซฏ
03:19
and the upper palate, continuous contact.
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ใจไธŠๅฃ่“‹ใฎ้–“ใซๆŽฅ่งฆใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใ€็ถ™็ถš็š„ใซๆŽฅ่งฆใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
So you want to be able to hold out the sound - 'LLLight'.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใŸใ„ - 'LLLight'.
03:28
When you're pronouncing your native L sound or R sound, it's a very abrupt
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใฎ L ้ŸณใพใŸใฏ R ้Ÿณใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ช็„ถใฎ
03:33
sound and it's not a continuous sound.
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้Ÿณใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€้€ฃ็ถšใ—ใŸ้Ÿณใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:37
So if you try to hold it out, you won't be able to, if you're
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๆˆ‘ๆ…ขใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ๆˆ‘ๆ…ข ใงใใชใใชใฃใฆใ€
03:40
going back to old habits, right?
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ๆ˜”ใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใซๆˆปใฃใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
03:43
So, make sure that you bring the tongue up, you can even hold it, make the sound
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฟ…ใš่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฟๆŒใ—ใฆ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ
03:50
and then practice it in many, many words that have L's at the beginning or L's
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ๅ…ˆ้ ญใซ L ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚„ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ
03:55
before vowels in the middle of the word.
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้€”ไธญใงๆฏ้Ÿณใฎๅ‰ใซ L ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹
03:58
And if you want a list of words to practice with, you can click on the
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€
04:01
link below and get a list of words, phrases, sentences of the light L and
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ไธ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใจใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ€ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ๆ–‡ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’
04:05
dark L to work with, with my recording.
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็งใฎ้Œฒ้Ÿณใงๅ–ๅพ—ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:08
So that's very, very effective, very effective way to practice.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใง ้žๅธธใซๅŠนๆžœ็š„ใช็ทด็ฟ’ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:12
Okay.
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04:12
So that was the light L.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
ใใ‚ŒใŒใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:13
Let's practice it in a few more words.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่จ€่‘‰ใง็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:16
Play.
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้Šใถใ€‚
04:19
Close.
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่ฟ‘ใ„ใ€‚
04:22
Clean.
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็ถบ้บ—ใ€‚
04:24
Allow.
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่จฑๅฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:27
Shallow.
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ๆต…ใ„ใ€‚
04:30
Lost.
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ๅคฑใฃใŸใ€‚
04:33
Now, let's talk about the dark L.
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ใงใฏใ€ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:36
The dark L is not really an L.
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ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ L ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:40
Yes, there, I said it.
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ใ€‚
04:41
It's not really an L.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ L ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚L ใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใซ่‰ฒใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€
04:42
It's this weird, vague sound that colors the vowel right before the L.
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ใ“ใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใงๆผ ็„ถใจใ—ใŸ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
04:48
The dark L appears after vowels or before consonants, also in the middle of the
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ๆš—ใ„ L ใฏใ€ๆฏ้ŸณใฎๅพŒใพใŸใฏ ๅญ้Ÿณใฎๅ‰ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎ้€”ไธญใ€
04:53
word, but usually at the end of words.
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้€šๅธธใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซ็พใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:56
So if it's hard for you to remember where it is, focus on L's that
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใฉใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹่ฆšใˆใซใใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœซๅฐพใซใ‚ใ‚‹ L ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:00
are at the end of the word.
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ใ€‚
05:01
For example: well, fall, milk.
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ไพ‹๏ผšใพใ‚ใ€็ง‹ใ€็‰›ไนณใ€‚ ๅญ้Ÿณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅ˜่ชž
05:07
It can also be at the end of the word, even if it's a part
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ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
of a consonant cluster, a bunch of consonants put together.
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ๅญ้Ÿณใฎ้›†ใพใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:15
Now, what's the difference between this light L sound that we practiced -"light",
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ“ใฎ่ปฝใ„Lใฎ้Ÿณใ€Œ่ปฝใ„ใ€
05:21
and this dark L at the end - "well"?
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ใจใ€ใ“ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆš—ใ„Lใฎใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
05:25
So, you hear the quality of the sound, right?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้Ÿณใฎ่ณชใ‚’่žใใพใ™ใ‚ˆ ใญ๏ผŸ
05:28
It's really deep and dark.
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆทฑใใฆๆš—ใ„ใ€‚
05:30
I don't even have to bring the tip of the tongue to touch the upper palate
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05:36
to make the L sound, the dark L sound, because it's more about that tense
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L ใฎ้Ÿณใ€ๆš—ใ„ L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใ€่ˆŒๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠๅฃ่“‹ใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ‘ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚L ใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใฎ ็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ
05:41
sound right before the L, then it is about actually making the L sound.
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้Ÿณใฎๆ–นใŒ้‡่ฆใชใฎใงใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ .
05:48
Listen - "well", that's the dark L.
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่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„-ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏLใงใ™ใ€‚
05:54
"Well", right?
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ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:56
I kept the tongue down.
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็งใฏ่ˆŒใ‚’ไธ‹ใซไฟใกใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:58
I could bring the tip of the tongue up.
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่ˆŒๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:01
Listen - "well", but only at the end, only after I create this nice tense sound, and
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่žใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ - ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ ใ“ใฎ็ด โ€‹โ€‹ๆ•ตใช็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
06:08
then I bring the tip of the tongue up.
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่ˆŒใฎๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:10
So the dark L actually affects the vowel before the L, okay.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๆš—ใ„ L ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ L ใฎๅ‰ใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใซๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:16
That's what it's about.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้ฃฒใฟ่พผใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ†
06:18
To make the sound you want to push the back of the tongue down so as
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ใซใ€่ˆŒใฎๅพŒใ‚ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ไธ‹ใ’ใฆ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™
06:24
if you're swallowing something.
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ใ€‚
06:27
Some languages have actually this sound, this 'L' sound, or you have to
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จ€่ชžใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใ“ใฎ ้Ÿณใ€ใ“ใฎใ€ŒLใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
engage the root of the tongue, right.
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ใใ†ใงใชใ„ใจใ€่ˆŒใฎๆ นๅ…ƒใ‚’ไฝฟใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:36
It's when something is really disgusting, try it.
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅซŒใชใจใใงใ™ใ€‚่ฉฆใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:40
Okay, so let's try swallowing together.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซ้ฃฒใฟ่พผใ‚“ใงใฟใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
06:46
'L', right?
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ใ€Œใƒซใ€ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:47
That's the sound.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚
06:48
Let's practice it in a few words.
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใใ‚Œใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:50
Wall.
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ๅฃใ€‚
06:53
Help, help.
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ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใ€‚
07:02
Girl, right - here, we have an R and then this 'L' sound, and then the L - "girl".
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ๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ - ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€R ใฎๆฌกใซ ใ“ใฎใ€ŒLใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใ€ใใ—ใฆ L ใฎใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:11
Right?
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07:11
Let's assume that I bring the tip of the tongue up at the end.
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ˆŒๅ…ˆใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใŸใจใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
07:14
"girl".
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"ๅฅณใฎๅญ"ใ€‚
07:18
Right?
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07:18
It is not 'gerl', don't bring the tongue up to quickly.
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
'gerl' ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใ‚’ใ™ใใซไธŠใ’ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
07:25
Create that weird sound and then bring the tongue up, or just don't bring the tongue
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ๅค‰ใช้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ ่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใšใซๆŒ‡ใ‚’
07:30
up so you can practice it with your finger on your tongue, forcing it to stay down
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่ˆŒใฎไธŠใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ไธ‹ใ’ใŸ
07:34
and still trying to make this L sound.
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ใพใพใซใ—ใฆใ€L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใใ†ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:37
"Girl.
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ใ€Œๅฅณใฎๅญใ€‚
07:38
Well.
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ใพใ‚ใ€‚
07:41
He'll".
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ๅฝผใฏใ€.
07:43
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
07:44
Now, two quick tricks.
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ใ•ใฆใ€2 ใคใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆš—ใ„ L ใฎๅ‰ใซ
07:45
If there is a high E sound before the dark L, you hear a
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้ซ˜ใ„ E ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฐ ใ€
07:49
'y' sound right before the L.
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L ใฎ็›ดๅ‰ใซใ€Œyใ€ใฎ้ŸณใŒ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
'hea[y]l', 'hea[y]l'.
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ใ€Œhea[y]lใ€ใ€ใ€Œhea[y]lใ€ใ€‚
07:55
'pee[y]l', 'dea[y]l'.
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'pee[y]l', 'dea[y]l'.
07:59
It's not 'deal'.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๅ–ๅผ•ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:01
Even if I'm making a darker L here - deaL', right, or a heavy L it is not
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใฃใจๆš—ใ„ L ใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ deaL ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€ใพใŸใฏ้‡ใ„ L ใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚
08:08
'deal', but it's 'dea[y]l', right.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ 'deal' ใงใฏใชใ 'dea[y]l' ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:11
I'm dropping the back of the tongue before creating the L sound.
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Lใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ๅ‰ใซ่ˆŒใฎ่ฃใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:16
'fee[y]l - "I feel ya".
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'fee[y]l - ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ‚‹ใ€.
08:19
Same thing with the tense 'oo' sound, only this time we add a W sound.
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็ทŠๅผตใ—ใŸ 'oo' ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ไปŠๅ›žใฏ W ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:24
'poo[w]l'.
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'poo[w]l'.
08:25
It's not 'pool' 'pool' - 'poo[w]l'.
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'pool' 'pool' - 'poo[w]l' ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:33
'rue[w]l', 'coo[w]l'.
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'rue[w]l', 'coo[w]l'.
08:36
"That's so cool".
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ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ‚ฏใƒผใƒซใ ใ€ใ€‚
08:38
It's not "that's so 'coo/l/'".
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ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€Œcoo/l/ใ€ใงใ™ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:40
'coo[w]l'.
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'coo[w]l'.
08:42
So, two common substitutions made by non-native speakers.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ 2 ใคใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็ฝฎๆ›ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€
08:46
So, first of all, all you light L makers, ultra light L makers
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ใซใ€ L ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใ€่ถ…่ปฝ้‡ L ใƒกใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ
08:50
- like French speakers, Spanish speakers, and Hebrew speakers.
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- ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ€ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใ‚’ ่ฉฑใ™ไบบใ€ใƒ˜ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ค่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใชใฉใงใ™ใ€‚
08:53
It is very, very important not to make an ultra light L at the end of words.
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่จ€่‘‰ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่ถ…่ปฝ้‡ใฎLใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:59
So, you should definitely work on your dark L more than
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใซๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใ€ใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏ L ใซ
09:03
even working on your light L.
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ๅ–ใ‚Š็ต„ใพใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:05
Because when you put an ultra light L at the end of words - 'wel', instead of
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ฆใƒซใƒˆใƒฉ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆ L ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ€Œwellใ€ใงใฏใชใ
09:11
"well", it may not be perceived as an L.
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ใ€Œwelใ€ใจ่ช่ญ˜ใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ L.
09:15
Native speakers might think that you're making this weird
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏใ€
09:17
substitution of an R sound or another sound, or a W sound, right?
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R ้ŸณใพใŸใฏ ๅˆฅใฎ้Ÿณใ€ใพใŸใฏ W ้Ÿณใฎใ“ใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช็ฝฎๆ›ใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ‚ˆใญ?
09:22
So they'll think that you're saying "where" instead of "well".
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œ ใพใ‚ใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œใฉใ“ใงใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
09:25
Because the L sound at the end is not about lifting the tongue up,
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ L ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ ่ˆŒใ‚’ๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‹้Ÿณใงใฏใชใใ€
09:28
it's not about that l-l-l sound, it's about that L-L-L weird sound.
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l-l-l ใฎ้Ÿณใงใ‚‚ใชใใ€ L-L-L ใฎๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใช้Ÿณใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:34
"Well", "help".
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ใ€Œใพใ‚ใ€ใ€ŒๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใ€ใ€‚
09:37
"Wall", and not 'wal'.
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ใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€Œใ‚ฆใ‚ฉใƒผใƒซใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:40
Another common mistake made by non-native speakers, again, like Korean speakers
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้Ÿ“ๅ›ฝ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบ
09:46
or sometimes Portuguese speakers, is that they make a W sound instead of an
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ใ‚„ใƒใƒซใƒˆใ‚ฌใƒซ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใชใฉใ€้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ ็Šฏใ™ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€
09:51
O sound: 'we[w]', 'we[w]', 'he[w]p'.
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ใ€Œwe[w]ใ€ใ€ใ€Œwe[w]ใ€ใ€ใ€Œhe[ w]p'.
09:55
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
09:56
So here it's closer to the dark L, but notice that it's still not
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๆš—ใ„ L ใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใพใ 
10:00
this L sound, it's not "help".
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ใ“ใฎ L ใฎ้Ÿณใงใฏใชใใ€ใ€Œใƒ˜ใƒซใƒ—ใ€ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:03
Don't round your lips so much, it's not a W sound, right?
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ใใ‚“ใชใซๅฃใ‚’ไธธใใ—ใชใ„ใงใ€ W้Ÿณใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡๏ผŸ
10:08
"hole", right, it's not 'ho[w]'.
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ใ€Œ็ฉดใ€ใงใ™ใญใ€ใ€Œใป[w]ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:12
So you really have to focus on creating this tension in the back and not
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
10:17
trusting your lips to create this sound.
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ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅ”‡ใ‚’ไฟก้ ผใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใใ€ๅพŒใ‚ใงใ“ใฎ็ทŠๅผตๆ„Ÿใ‚’็”Ÿใฟๅ‡บใ™ใ“ใจใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้›†ไธญใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:20
Okay, that's it.
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10:20
Now I want to hear from you.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใ ใ€‚
ไปŠใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‹ใ‚‰่žใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:22
So let me know in the comments below where you're from and what is the most
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‡บ่บซๅœฐใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง
10:26
difficult L word you've ever come across, or if you ever had difficulties expressing
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ๅ‡บไผšใฃใŸไธญใงๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ L ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ
10:31
yourself because people couldn't understand you because of the L sound.
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L ใฎ้ŸณใฎใŸใ‚ใซไบบใ€…ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใŸใ‚ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
10:36
Let me know.
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10:36
If you want to practice it more, if you want to practice the L sound, click on
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ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ‚‚ใฃใจ็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ L ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
10:40
the link below and get a list of words and phrases and sentences with my audio.
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ไธ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใฎ้Ÿณๅฃฐใงๅ˜่ชžใจใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใจๆ–‡็ซ ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:46
Okay?
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10:46
So all you have to do is put in your email address and you'll
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒกใƒผใƒซ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๅ…ฅๅŠ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ€
10:49
get it straight to your inbox.
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ใ™ใใซๅ—ไฟกใƒˆใƒฌใ‚คใซๅฑŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:51
This is a good opportunity to say, subscribe to my channel if you
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ่‰ฏใ„ๆฉŸไผšใงใ™ใ€‚
10:54
haven't subscribed yet, and click on the bell to get notifications.
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ใพใ ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ้€š็Ÿฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:58
Thank you so much for watching.
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ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:59
And don't forget that making mistakes is the only way to really getting it right.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ™ใ“ใจใ“ใใŒใ€ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ”ฏไธ€ใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
11:05
Have a wonderful week, and I will see you next week in the next video.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฅ้€ฑใฏๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:09
Bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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