American English INTONATION - How to Understand Native English Speakers Better

863,476 views ใƒป 2018-04-08

Accent's Way English with Hadar


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi. What's up? How are you? Hey guys, it's Hadar and this is The Accent's Way. Today
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ใ‚„ใ‚ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ Hadar ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฏ The Accent's Way ใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
00:09
we are going to talk about American intonation. Now I know that usually in
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
00:15
this channel I talk about pronunciation, but don't get me wrong.
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงใฏ้€šๅธธใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ่ชค่งฃใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:19
American intonation is not less important, and sometimes more important,
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏ็™บ้ŸณใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„ ้‡่ฆใงใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏใใ‚Œใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้‡่ฆใงใ™
00:24
than pronunciation and this is why I figured it is time to talk about
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00:30
American intonation. So today I'm going to open the wonders of American
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ใ€‚ ใใ“ใงไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ•ใ‚’้–‹ใ„ใฆใ€
00:35
intonation so you can start listening to English rather differently. When we talk
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’้•ใฃใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใง่žใๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
about intonation we are talking about three things. One is the melody - the music
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€็งใŸใกใฏ 3 ใคใฎใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ไธ€ใคใฏใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ€
00:48
of the language. When I go up in pitch. When I go down - "Ha-dar" - tuh-TAH. If I take
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่จ€่ชžใฎ้Ÿณๆฅฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚ ็งใŒ้™ใ‚Šใ‚‹ใจใ - ใ€ŒHa-darใ€ - tuh-TAHใ€‚
00:55
away the words and I just play it, it's just like a song or a tune that I'm
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่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Š้™คใ„ใฆใŸใ ๆผ”ๅฅใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒๆผ”ๅฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆญŒใ‚„ๆ—‹ๅพ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™
00:59
playing - Tah ta-ta-dah ta ta-ta-dah-ta-tah. So when you're listening to English
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- Tah ta-ta-dah ta-ta-dah-ta-tah. ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใ‚Š่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹
01:05
or when you're speaking English you also want to consider the melody, the notes
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ใจใใฏใ€ ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚„ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹้Ÿณ็ฌฆใ‚‚่€ƒๆ…ฎใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:10
that you're using. We're also going to talk about stress. Stress is what words
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ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใจใฏใ€
01:16
you choose to stress in a given sentence. What are you doing? Or, what are you doing?
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็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡ใงๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹๏ผŸ ใพใŸใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:23
'What' verses 'doing'. While there are some patterns and a neutral way of saying
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใ€ใฎ่ฉฉใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใจใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒฉใƒซใช
01:28
things, there's also a lot of freedom. Of course, it depends on the context, the
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่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€่‡ช็”ฑๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ–‡่„ˆใ€
01:32
attitude, and many other things, but you first need to know the building blocks
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ๆ…‹ๅบฆใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณไป–ใฎๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใซๆง‹ๆˆ่ฆ็ด 
01:38
and the basis of what words are usually stressed and what words are not stressed
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ใจใ€ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ้€šๅธธ ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใฉใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‹ใฎๅŸบ็คŽใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
01:43
for the most part. Now, lastly, we have rhythm. Rhythm is the real deal. Its the
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. ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใฏๆœฌ็‰ฉใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ
01:49
feel of the language. It's really owning it once you start using American rhythm.
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่จ€่ชžใฎๆ„Ÿ่งฆใ€‚ ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
Now, you have to understand that English is a perfect balance between the long
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใจใฏใ€ ้•ทใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ
02:00
versus short, the high versus low, the stressed versus the effortless, and when
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ใจ็Ÿญใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€้ซ˜ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใจไฝŽใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ€ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจๆฅฝใชใ‚‚ใฎใจใฎ้–“ใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:06
you are able to balance between all these things in an effortless
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02:10
and clear way, this is when you become a strong speaker who is able to
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02:16
communicate their message in a clear and confident way. Now today, we're going to
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ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใ‹ใค ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆไผใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ๅผทๅŠ›ใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ€
02:21
discuss all of these elements but in the future I will release more in-depth
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ฆ็ด ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ็š„ใซใฏใ€
02:25
videos about each and every subject with many, many examples and more explanation.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ ้žๅธธใซๅคšใใฎไพ‹ใจ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฉณ็ดฐใชใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™.
02:31
Before we talk about these elements, I want to talk about the different types
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ฆ็ด ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๅ‰ใซใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎ้กžใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซใคใ„ใฆใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
02:36
of words. So, in English, actually in any language, the words in the language are
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใฉใฎ ่จ€่ชžใงใ‚‚ใ€ใใฎ่จ€่ชžใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ
02:43
divided into two main groups: content words and function words. Content words
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ไธปใซ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ†…ๅฎน ่ชžใจๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฏใ€
02:49
are words that deliver the content nouns, like 'sister', 'table', 'school'; verbs 'go', 'run'
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ใ€Œๅง‰ๅฆนใ€ใ€ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅญฆๆ กใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ†…ๅฎนๅ่ฉžใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ตฐใ‚‹ใ€ใ€
03:00
'swim', 'think'; adjectives 'beautiful', 'red', 'clean'; and adverbs 'slowly', 'sometimes',
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ใ€Œๆณณใใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚ ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ€Œ็พŽใ—ใ„ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ่ตคใ€ใ€ ใ€Œใใ‚Œใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ€Œใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใ€ใ€ใ€Œๆ™‚ใ€…ใ€ใ€
03:13
'beautifully' and 'fast'. The other group is function words. These are all the small
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ใ€Œ็พŽใ—ใใ€ใ€ใ€Œ้€Ÿใใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฏ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€
03:20
words that connect content words. They're essential to create a grammatically
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใ‚’ๆŽฅ็ถšใ™ใ‚‹ๅฐใ•ใชใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไธๅฏๆฌ ใงใ™
03:26
correct sentence, but when they stand alone they don't signify anything. We
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ใŒใ€ ๅ˜็‹ฌใงใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:31
don't know exactly what they mean. We are talking here about prepositions like 'on',
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆญฃ็ขบใซใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œonใ€ใ€
03:35
'in', 'at'; verb be - 'am', 'is', 'are'; articles 'a', 'an'; determiners like 'the', 'this', 'that'. These
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ใ€Œinใ€ใ€ใ€Œatใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹•่ฉž be - 'am', 'is', 'are'; ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ€Œaใ€ใ€ใ€Œanใ€; ใ€Œtheใ€ใ€ใ€Œthisใ€ใ€ใ€Œthatใ€ใชใฉใฎ้™ๅฎš่ฉžใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ€
03:44
are the words that non-native speakers struggle with when they're trying to
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้žใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ
03:47
construct a sentence because, is it "have been", "has been", "had been"? So, when we speak, there
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ๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ่‹ฆๅŠดใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏๅธธใซใ€
03:54
is always a strong preference towards stressing content words. Content words
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ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทใๅฅฝใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฏ
04:00
are the important words. If you say "had been" versus "have been" the message is still
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้‡่ฆใช่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸ ใ€ๅฏพใ€Œใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใฏ
04:05
going to be clear. But, if you say "red" instead of "blue", that's something
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ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ€Œ้’ใ€ใ˜ใ‚ƒ ใชใใฆใ€Œ่ตคใ€ใฃใฆ่จ€ใ†ใจ
04:11
completely different. So content words are always more important and that's how
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ๅ…จ็„ถ้•ใ†ใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฏ ๅธธใซใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ
04:15
we treat them when we think about intonation because content words are the
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่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใฏ
04:19
words that are stressed usually, whereas function words
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้€šๅธธๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใฏ
04:23
are unstressed. And not only that they're unstressed, they were reduced to a point
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ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ‰ฑใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ใ‚‚ใฏใ‚„ๆ˜Ž็ขบใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใพใง่ปฝๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
04:28
that it's even not clear anymore and I'll give you a few more examples in a
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04:33
second. Let's take for example the sentence, and I'm going to say it broken
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ใ™ใใซใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ™. ไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€
04:38
down a little bit, "The glass is on the table." "The glass is on the table." And now
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ใ€ŒThe glass is on the table.ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅˆ†่งฃใ—ใฆ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅผทๅ‹ขใ€ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใฎ
04:46
I'm gonna talk about all three elements: melody, word stress and rhythm. So first
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3 ใคใฎ่ฆ็ด ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใพใšใฏ
04:51
of all stress. We need to decide what are the stressed words in the sentence. So
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ€‚ ๆ–‡ไธญใฎๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅˆคๆ–ญใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€
04:56
let's first recognize what are the content words. "The glass is on the table."
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ใพใšๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใจใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:02
we have 'glass' and 'table', two nouns. And these are the words that I'm going to
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'glass' ใจ 'table' ใจใ„ใ† 2 ใคใฎๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็งใŒ
05:07
stress in this sentence. Not every content word is stressed the same, but
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใงๅผท่ชฟใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™. ใ™ในใฆใฎ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใŒๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
05:13
for now let's agree that these two words are the words that I choose to stress.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใŸๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๅŒๆ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:16
This is where melody and rhythm comes into play. Stressed words are higher in
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ใ“ใ“ใงใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใจใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใฎ ๅ‡บ็•ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใฏ
05:22
pitch and longer. Higher in pitch, so they get a higher note TAH-dah. The first note
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใใ€้•ทใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใ„ใฎใงใ€ TAH-dah ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚‚้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้Ÿณใฏ
05:31
was higher in pitch - TAH-dah - and they're longer. Okay. "The GLASSs is on
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใ๏ผˆTAH-dah๏ผ‰ใ€ ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ้•ทใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:40
the TABLE." So notice that I raised the pitch for 'glass' and 'table'. "The glass is
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ใ€‚ใ€ 'glass' ใจ 'table' ใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใŸใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใฏ
05:48
on the table." Okay. So in terms of melody, when words are stressed they're also
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ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ้–ขใ—ใฆ่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ ๅ˜่ชžใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใจ
05:55
higher in pitch. Now one more thing I want to tell you about melody is that
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚‚้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใŠไผใˆใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏ
05:59
every syllable receives a different note in English. It is not "The glass is on the
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ใ™ในใฆใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใŒ็•ฐใชใ‚‹้Ÿณ็ฌฆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใŒใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
06:06
table" - ta-ta-ta-ta-ta-ta-ta. "The glasses on the table." It's not "The GLASS
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- ta-ta-ta-ta-ta-ta-taใ€‚ ใ€Œ ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€‚ใ€ ใ€ŒThe GLASS
06:12
is ON the TABLE." Its not every word is going up and down, but I choose the
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is on the TABLEใ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒ ไธŠไธ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
06:17
stress words and then these are the words that are going to be higher in
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ๅผท่ชฟๅ˜่ชžใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใ€
06:21
pitch and from there I either go down or I go up. Every syllable takes me one step
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ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธ‹้™ใพใŸใฏ ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ™ในใฆใฎ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฏใ€็งใ‚’ไธ€ๆญฉ
06:30
lower or higher. In this case, "The GLASS is on
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ไธ‹ใ’ใŸใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€"The GLASS is on
06:37
the" - so I keep going down because these are not stressed words - "TAY", I'm starting
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the" - ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ˜่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธ‹ใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ - "TAY"ใ€
06:44
a new word that is stressed so I'm gonna go high in pitch. "TAY-ble". "The glass is on
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ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ†ใ‚คใƒ–ใƒฌใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:49
the table." So that's melody what words I choose to
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ใ€‚ใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€็งใŒ
06:54
stress and go high in pitch for. Now, while we choose to shine on the content
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ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆ้ซ˜้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ้ธใ‚“ใ ่จ€่‘‰ใฎใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ธๆŠžใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
07:01
words, the words that bring the content, in this case glass and tea bowl, by going
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™่จ€่‘‰ใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใจใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผ ใƒœใ‚ฆใƒซใฏใ€
07:06
higher in pitch and prolonging them, function words play a smaller role in
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ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚’้ซ˜ใใ—ใฆ้•ทใใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใง ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใŒใ“ใฎใ‚ทใƒงใƒผใงๆžœใŸใ™ๅฝนๅ‰ฒใฏๅฐใ•ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™
07:11
this show. They are reduced. We kind of want to hide them. We want to reduce them
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้š ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ€
07:18
to a point where they don't interfere or they don't compete with content words. So,
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ ใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใจๅนฒๆธ‰ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€็ซถๅˆใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใชใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใพใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
07:24
if we're going back to "The glass is on the table", function words are "the", "is", "on",
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ใ€ŒThe glass is on the tableใ€ใซๆˆปใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใฏใ€Œtheใ€ใ€ใ€Œisใ€ใ€ใ€Œonใ€ใ€
07:31
and another "the". We reduce the vowel in those words to a schwa. A schwa is a
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ใŠใ‚ˆใณๅˆฅใฎใ€Œtheใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใซๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใฏ
07:38
really reduced vowel sound. It sounds something like this: "uh". To make the sound, we
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ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใŸ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™๏ผšใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใ€‚ ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใซใฏใ€
07:46
just drop the jaw a little bit, the tongue rests on the bottom of the mouth
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้กŽใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—ไธ‹ใ’ใ€ ่ˆŒใ‚’ๅฃใฎๅบ•ใซ็ฝฎใใ€
07:49
the lips are relaxed, and we release sound - "uh" "uh". So the vowels and the function
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ๅ”‡ใ‚’ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ•ใ›ใฆใ€ ใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใจ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฏ้ŸณใจๆฉŸ่ƒฝ
07:57
words reduce through this "uh" sound. Therefore the word "the", okay we don't say
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่ชžใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใฎ้Ÿณใงๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œtheใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€
08:03
"thee glass", we say "thuh glass." So the vowel there is a schwa sound - "thuh" "thuh" -
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ใ€Œthee glassใ€ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใšใ€ใ€Œthuh glassใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฏ้Ÿณใซใฏ ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ - "thuh" "thuh" -
08:09
and we connected it. It feels as if it's one word "the glass". "Is" turns into "uhz".
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€ใฎไธ€่จ€ใซๅฐฝใใ‚‹ๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใฏใ€ใฏใ€Œใ†ใƒผใ‚“ใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:17
"On" turns into "uhn", and again we have another "thuh". So it's not "is on the", its
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"on" ใŒ "uhn" ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใพใŸ ๅˆฅใฎ "thuh" ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œis on theใ€ใงใฏใชใใ€
08:27
"zun-thuh", "zun-thuh". We reduce the vowel and we connect the words together - "zun-thuh", "zun-thuh".
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ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใ€ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆ ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใคใชใŽใพใ™ - ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใ€ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใ€‚
08:36
"Th'glass z'n'th table". "The glass on the table." "The glass on the table."
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ใ€ŒTh'glass z'n'th ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ€ใ€‚ ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€‚ใ€
08:45
Now notice what happens, the "is" merges with "the glass" - "the glass'z".
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ใ“ใ“ใงไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€Œisใ€ใฏใ€Œthe glassใ€ใจใƒžใƒผใ‚ธใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ - ใ€Œthe glass'zใ€ใ€‚
08:50
"On" becomes 'mm' - "the glass'z'm". The N and TH connect - "the glass'n'th". Okay? So we can like
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"on" ใฏ "mm" - "the glass'z'm" ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ N ใจ TH ใฏๆŽฅ็ถšใ—ใพใ™ - ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฎ็ฌฌใ€ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
08:58
took these three words and squeeze them into one utterance "zun-thuh" "zun-thuh".
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 3 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใ€Œzun-thuhใ€ใจใ„ใ† 1 ใคใฎ็™บ่ฉฑใซใพใจใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:06
"The glass on the table." So you get a sentence that is a perfect balance between the high
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ใ€Œใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใฎใ‚ฐใƒฉใ‚นใ€‚ใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ซ˜ๅ€คใจไฝŽๅ€คใฎ้–“ใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™
09:11
and the low - "glass is on the" - between the long and the short - "glass is" - right? "Glass"
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-ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฏไธŠใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€- ้•ท่พบใจ็Ÿญ่พบใฎ้–“-ใ€Œใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฏใ€ใงใ™-ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‹? ใ€ŒGlassใ€ใฏ
09:19
is long, although it's one syllable, and "is" is really reduced and also the stress. So
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ไธ€้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใงใ™ใŒ้•ทใใ€ ใ€Œisใ€ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่ปฝๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚‚่ปฝๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰
09:25
I invest more energy and I say a little louder - "GLASS z'n'th" - to be able to connect
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็งใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆณจใŽใ€ๅฐ‘ใ— ๅคงใใชๅฃฐใง - ใ€ŒGLASS z'n'thใ€ -
09:32
the words and to reduce them I have to say the consonants softer - okay? It's
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่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็ตใณใคใ‘ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ๅญ้Ÿณใ‚’ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ - ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใฏ
09:36
not enough so I have to invest less energy in those function words to be
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ๅๅˆ†ใงใฏใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใ‚’ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซ้€š้Žใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใซๆŠ•่ณ‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚จใƒใƒซใ‚ฎใƒผใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ€
09:40
able to go through them smoothly and then be ready for the next content word
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ๆฌกใฎๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใซ
09:46
where I'm gonna go higher pitch and I'm gonna prolong them. Let's look at another
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ๅ‚™ใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:51
example, what if I told you that five words can be shorter than one word with
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ใ€‚1 ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎ 1 ๅ˜่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ 5 ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆ–นใŒ็Ÿญใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
09:58
one syllable. Five words are going to be shorter than one word with one syllable.
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ใ€‚ 5 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€1 ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎ 1 ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚็Ÿญใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:04
How? Let's look at the next example: What are you going to do? The "do" is the verb
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ใฉใ†ใ‚„ใฃใฆ๏ผŸ ๆฌกใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ไฝ•ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹? ใ€Œdoใ€ใฏ
10:14
here and that's the word that I'm going to stress, okay?
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŒๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚
10:18
Stress? Check! I know what word I'm stressing. Then, I know that in terms of
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ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚น๏ผŸ ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏ๏ผ ็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใŒๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใซ้–ขใ—ใฆใฏ
10:23
melody, this word is going to be higher in pitch because that's the word I want to
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ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ็งใŒ
10:27
stress - "do" "do". So I already know the ending. The beginning is a bunch of
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ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ„ๅ˜่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€Œใƒ‰ใ€ใ€Œใƒ‰ใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็ตๆœซใฏใ‚‚ใ†็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‹ ใ€‚ ๅ†’้ ญใฏ
10:34
function words, so I'm going to reduce them. "What" turns into "wh't". "Are" turns into
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ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใฎๅกŠใชใฎใงๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ€Œใชใซใ€ใŒใ€Œใชใซใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒผใƒซใ€ใฏ
10:41
"r". "You" turns into "yuh". "Going" to turns into "gunna" "gunna". So instead of saying
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ใ€Œใ‚ขใƒผใƒซใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใชใŸใ€ใŒใ€Œใˆใƒผใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ่กŒใใ€ใฏ ใ€Œใใ‚“ใชใ€ใ€Œใใ‚“ใชใ€ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
10:51
"what are you going to", we say "wadaya gonna" "wadaya gonna". "Wadaya gonna do?"
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใ ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ€Œใƒฏใƒ€ใƒค ใ‚ดใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ€Œใƒฏใƒ€ใƒค ใ‚ดใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œๅ’Œ็”ฐๅฑ‹ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
11:00
"Wadaya gonna do?" "Wadaya gonna do?"
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ใ€Œๅ’Œ็”ฐๅฑ‹ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ€Œๅ’Œ็”ฐๅฑ‹ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
11:05
"Wadaya gonna do?" "Wadaya gonna do?" So the "do" is longer than the entire
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ใ€Œๅ’Œ็”ฐๅฑ‹ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ€Œๅ’Œ็”ฐๅฑ‹ใ‚„ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ใฏๆ–‡ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทใใชใ‚Šใพใ™
11:12
first part of the sentence. It's longer than the entire sentence because five
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ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ๅ…จไฝ“ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทใ„ใฎใฏใ€5
11:18
words versus one, one word with one syllable is longer than the first five,
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ๅ˜่ชžๅฏพ 1 ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใฎ 1 ๅ˜่ชžใŒ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ 5 ๅ˜่ชžใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚้•ทใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:22
and this is why it's important to remember that rhythm is a result of your
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใŒใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใฎ็ตๆžœใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
11:27
message - what you're trying to say. The words that you stress are going to be
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹่จ€่‘‰ใฏใ€
11:32
longer and louder and higher in pitch. The words that are less important for
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้•ทใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคงใใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใ‚’ไผใˆใ‚‹ ไธŠใงใ‚ใพใ‚Š้‡่ฆใงใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€
11:37
delivering your message are going to be reduced to allow everything else to
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ไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใŒ็›ฎ็ซ‹ใคใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‰Šๆธ›ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™
11:43
stick out. In many languages, every syllable has the same beat. It doesn't
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ใ€‚ ๅคšใใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ ้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใŒๅŒใ˜ใƒ“ใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:49
matter if it's a content word or a function word, if it's stressed or
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ๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใŒ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใŒ้–ขไฟ‚ใชใใ€ๅผทๅ‹ขใŒใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจ
11:52
unstressed, it receives the same length. So a sentence like this is going to
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็„กๅ‹ขใงใ‚ใ‚ใ†ใจๅŒใ˜้•ทใ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–‡ใฏใ€
11:58
sound something like "what are you going to do", "what are you going to do." Okay? So "do" is gonna be super short. "What" is going to have the same length.
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ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œdoใ€ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็Ÿญใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ "What" ใฏๅŒใ˜้•ทใ•ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:08
"To" have the same length as "do" - "what are you going to do" - and then it's hard
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"To" ใฏ "do" ใจๅŒใ˜้•ทใ•ใงใ€"ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ใ‹ " ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ“ใง
12:13
to understand what is the important part here. Okay, of course it's a simple
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้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ˜็ด”ใช
12:18
sentence but if we're talking about more complex sentences and there is no
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ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ค‡้›‘ใชๆ–‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
12:22
hierarchy between the words, it's really hard to get your point. "What are you
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ๅ˜่ชž้–“ใซ้šŽๅฑคใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ่ฆ็‚นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ›ฐ้›ฃใงใ™. ใ€Œใฉใ†
12:27
gonna do" "what are you gonna do" "what are you going to do" "what are you gonna do".
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€Œใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€‚
12:33
Let's take a look at a sentence with several content words: There are three
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅ†…ๅฎน่ชžใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†:
12:39
coins in the box. "There are three coins in the box" Here, I chose to stress "coins"
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็ฎฑใฎไธญใซ 3 ใคใฎใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ฎฑใฎไธญใซใฏใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒ 3 ๆžšใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใ€
12:44
and "box", so these words are high in pitch. "There are three COINS in the BOX." "There are"
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ใจใ€Œ็ฎฑใ€ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€ŒBOXใซใฏใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒ3ๆžšๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œ
12:50
"there are" "there are" - that's reduced - "there'r three coins in the box."
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€-ใใ‚Œใฏๆธ›ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™-ใ€Œ็ฎฑใฎไธญใซ3ๆžšใฎใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
12:56
"N-thuh" "N-thuh" "N-thuh" - also reduced. "There are three coins in the box." I can also say "There
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ใ€Œใ‚“๏ฝžใ€ใ€Œใ‚“๏ฝžใ€ใ€Œใ‚“๏ฝžใ€ใ‚‚ๆธ›ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ็ฎฑใฎไธญใซ3ๆžšใฎใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ ใ€Œ
13:02
are THREE coins in the box." And when you hear that you know that maybe someone
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็ฎฑใฎไธญใซใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒ3ๆžšๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ใใ‚Œใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ
13:07
else thinks that there are five coins. No, there are three coins in the box. Why are
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ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ5ใคใฎใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™. ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€ ็ฎฑใฎไธญใซใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใŒ 3 ใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœ
13:12
you confusing me? There are three coins. Why did you say there were
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็งใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใฏ3ๆžšใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœ5ไบบใ ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹
13:15
five? Okay, so it's the same sentence but stressing a different word means
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๏ผŸ ใ•ใฆใ€ๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅˆฅใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒ
13:21
something slightly different. Now, I want you to listen up here, and this is really
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ๅฐ‘ใ—็•ฐใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏใ€ ใ“ใ“ใง่žใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ
13:25
important. When we speak with a foreign accent, what we do is we apply patterns
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้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒๅค–ๅ›ฝ่ชžใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใง่ฉฑใ™ใจใ ใ€
13:30
that we know from our native tongue on to English. We don't do it consciously, its
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ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใง็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซๅฝ“ใฆใฏใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ„่ญ˜็š„ใซใ‚„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ
13:35
just that's what comes out organically. Now if we do that, if the patterns of our
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ๆœ‰ๆฉŸ็š„ใซๅ‡บใฆใใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใŸใกใฎ
13:41
native tongue are different from English and sometimes contradictory to the
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ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚Šใ€ ๆ™‚ใซใฏ
13:46
patterns of English, the result is that the stress is not going to be clear. The
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใจ็Ÿ›็›พใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†็ตๆžœใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
13:51
message is not going to be clear, because if you're applying external intonation
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ๅค–้ƒจใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใƒใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’้ฉ็”จใ—ใฆ
13:56
and stressing things, let's say at the beginning rather than the end, and in
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒใงใฏใชใๆœ€ๅˆใซ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚่‹ฑ่ชž ใงใฏใ€้€šๅธธใ€
14:00
English you want to stress the ending usually, then what happens is that you
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ใƒกใƒƒใ‚ปใƒผใ‚ธใฏๆ˜Ž็ขบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:04
end up stressing the wrong words. although you know how to construct the
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้–“้•ใฃใŸ่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๆ–‡ใฎ ไฝœใ‚Šๆ–นใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
14:09
sentence,, the words are accurate, you don't make any grammar mistakes. But if
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ใ€ๅ˜่ชžใฏๆญฃ็ขบใงใ€ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€
14:13
you don't distinguish the right words, if you don't stress the right words, if you
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ๆญฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅŒบๅˆฅใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๆญฃใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹
14:17
don't put the emphasis on the words that are stressed then you become unclear
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่จ€่‘‰ใซ้‡็‚นใ‚’็ฝฎใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๆ›–ๆ˜งใซใชใฃใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€
14:22
then people may get something that is a little different from what you mean. So
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ไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใจใฏๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
14:28
understanding that, recognizing your patterns, and listening to how native
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใ‚’่ช่ญ˜ใ— ใ€ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–
14:34
speakers speak, really helps you understand how English should be spoken
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฎ่ฉฑใ—ๆ–นใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใฏใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š
14:38
and advances you in becoming a stronger, a more confident and a clearer speaker.
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ๅผทใใ€ ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:45
Now I want to ask you - what, from everything that I discussed today, melody,
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ใ“ใ“ใงใŠ่žใใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใŸใ™ในใฆใฎไธญใงใ€ใƒกใƒญใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ€
14:51
rhythm, stress, is the most challenging for you? What are you still struggling
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ใƒชใ‚บใƒ ใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใ†ใกใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซใจใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹? ใพใ ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹
14:56
with? Please let me know in the comments below and don't forget to tell me where
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๏ผŸ ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:00
you're from and what is your native tongue and I
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ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฎๅ‡บ่บซๅœฐใจๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใšใซๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŠฑใˆใ‚‹ใ™ในใฆใฎๅ•้กŒใ‚’่งฃๆฑบใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใค
15:03
will do my best to create more content and lessons that will help you resolve
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ„ใจใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆœ€ๅ–„ใ‚’ๅฐฝใใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:07
all the issues that you're facing. Thank you so much for watching. Please share
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็›ด้ขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:12
the video with your friends if you liked it and you think that they may benefit
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ‹ไบบใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
15:16
from it. And don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel and click on the bell
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ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใฎ YouTube ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใ€ใƒ™ใƒซใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆ
15:20
to get notifications so you know when I'm releasing
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้€š็Ÿฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€็งใŒๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ„ใคใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
15:23
a new video. Have a wonderful week and I will see you next week in the next video.
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ใ€‚ ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไธ€้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ๆฅ้€ฑใฏๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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