Perfect Your English Grammar โœ… Stative Verbs & Continuous Tenses

266,445 views ใƒป 2021-02-04

mmmEnglish


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Well hey there! I'm Emma from mmmEnglish
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์ด๋ด! ์ €๋Š” mmmEnglish์˜ Emma
00:09
and I'm so excited to be bringing you this lesson today.
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์ด๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
It's a grammar point that is so
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€
00:15
often overlooked by English teachers but one that's gonna reveal
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์˜์–ด ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
00:19
some little known secrets about English verbs.
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์˜์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๋ฐํ˜€์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
And these secrets are gonna dramatically improve
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„๋ฐ€์€
00:26
your English accuracy,
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00:28
particularly when it comes to continuous tenses.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฐ์† ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜์–ด ์ •ํ™•๋„๋ฅผ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
We're talking about stative verbs and usually
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
00:35
stative verbs can't be used in continuous tenses
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
00:39
though this is a common mistake for a lot of my students.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
Now you might be thinking
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์ด์ œ
00:45
stative verbs, surely they're not that common?
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:49
Surely there's just a few of them that I've got to worry about.
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
Well, have I got news for you.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:55
Some of the most common English verbs are stative verbs
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
You use them every time that you speak in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
So this lesson is really important,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ˆ
01:06
I want you to watch it all the way through and save it.
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๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ  ์•„๊ปด๋‘์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
So what on earth is a stative verb anyway?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ€์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:13
Stative verbs are also called state verbs.
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
They express a state, rather than an action.
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ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
And they're often related to things like
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข…์ข…
01:22
our thoughts and our opinions, our senses
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
01:26
our feelings and emotions, possession
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๋Š๋‚Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •, ์†Œ์œ ,
01:30
and then a bunch of other verbs that aren't really actions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
But don't worry, we'll take a closer look at all of those
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
01:36
different types of verbs in a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
The most important thing that you need to know
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:40
is that many of them are used only in the simple tenses.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
So that's the present simple, past simple,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ,
01:49
present perfect simple, past perfect simple
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋‹จ์ˆœ
01:52
and the future simple.
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๋ฐ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
So that means you can't use stative verbs in which tenses?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:00
The present continuous, the past continuous,
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•,
02:03
the present perfect continuous, the past perfect continuous
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ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•,
02:08
and the future continuous.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•.
02:09
Now unlike many things in English grammar,
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ
02:12
this rule is a simple rule to remember.
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์ด ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Stative verbs can only be used in simple tenses.
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
Now there are some exceptions,
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์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
there's always exceptions in English, right?
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
But I will talk about those in much more detail later in this lesson.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ.
02:30
Know.
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์•Œ๋‹ค.
02:32
Have.
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๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค.
02:33
Like.
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์ข‹๋‹ค.
02:34
Measure.
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์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค.
02:36
These are all examples of a stative verb.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Now I said that stative verbs describe a state,
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์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:43
but what does that really mean?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:45
The verb hear requires no action from its subject.
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๋™์‚ฌ hear๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์˜ ๋™์ž‘์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
Did you hear the sound?
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด?
02:53
When the alarm goes off, you're gonna hear it
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์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด
02:56
whether you choose to hear it or not, right?
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋“  ๋ง๋“  ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
02:59
Hearing is one of the five senses,
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์ฒญ๊ฐ์€ ์˜ค๊ฐ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ
03:02
it's not an action that we can choose to do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•ด์„œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Hear is a state verb.
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Hear๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
But the verb listen is an action verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ listen์€ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
Are you listening to me?
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๋‚ด ๋ง ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ?
03:13
We get to choose whether or not we listen
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์„์ง€ ๋ง์ง€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:15
to someone or something, right?
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, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:17
If you don't wanna listen to the radio,
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๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:19
it's up to you, you can turn it off.
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๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
The same rule applies with the verbs see, watch and look.
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๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋™์‚ฌ see, watch ๋ฐ look์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
See is a sense.
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๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
Watch and look are actions.
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๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
So far so good?
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์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž˜๋๋‹ค?
03:34
Where things can get a little tricky is that some verbs
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์›Œ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
03:38
have both an active and a stative meaning.
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ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์ƒํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
The verb measure is a good example.
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๋™์‚ฌ ์ธก์ •์ด ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
We can say:
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03:45
The table measures sixty centimetres by sixty centimetres.
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ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” 60์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ x 60์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
So here, measure is describing the quality of the table,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ธก์ •์€ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ 
03:54
it describes a fact.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
So in this context, measure is a state.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ธก์ •์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
I'm measuring the window to fit the curtains.
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์ปคํŠผ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์ฐฝ์„ ์ธก์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Here, measure is an action.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ธก์ •์€ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
So I'm carrying out the action of measuring for the curtains.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ปคํŠผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธก์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
There are more verbs that fit into the category
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๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:15
and I'll share a few more of them with you
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:17
as we go through this lesson.
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.
04:18
But now that we've got those basics down,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํŒŒ์•…ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:21
let's get stuck into learning about stative verbs in context.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋งž๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•™์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:26
We can break stative verbs down into about five categories.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•ฝ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
The first one is verbs of thought and opinion.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
The best way to recognise and remember new words
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:38
is to learn them in context.
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๋ฌธ๋งฅ ์†์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
Now there are two stative verbs in that sentence,
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
can you see them?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:45
Recognise and remember.
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์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:48
So they're both verbs of thought and opinion,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
so they're both stative verbs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
04:53
It's incorrect to say:
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
I'm recognising the man across the street.
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๊ธธ ๊ฑด๋„ˆํŽธ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
I am not remembering your name.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
Stative verbs need simple tenses. We just say:
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
I recognise that man.
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์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
I don't remember your name.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Let's try another one.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:11
I agree, it can be hard to understand the difference between
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:15
English tenses. You have to know the rules inside out.
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. ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ฒ ์ €ํžˆ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
So which is the stative verb there? Do you know?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„์„ธ์š”?
05:24
Agree.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
05:25
Understand.
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์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋‹ค.
05:28
And know.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•Œ์•„.
05:29
She agrees with me.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜์™€ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
Not she is agreeing with me.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜์™€ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
We understand you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Not we are understanding you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
You know him.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
Not you are knowing him.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์˜
05:45
There are lots more verbs that fit into the category
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๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ๋งž๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:48
of thought and opinion.
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.
05:50
Believe. Concern.
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๋ฏฟ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ ค.
05:52
Disagree. Doubt.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค. ์˜์‹ฌ.
05:54
Forget. Imagine.
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์žŠ๋‹ค. ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค.
05:56
Realise. Suppose.
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๊นจ๋‹ซ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค.
06:00
These are all stative verbs.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Not a complete list but they're just some of the most
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ชฉ๋ก์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:06
common verbs of thought and opinion.
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์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
The second group of stative verbs are verbs of the senses.
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
Now we have five senses. Do you know what they are?
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์˜ค๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:17
See with your eyes.
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๋ˆˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:20
Hear with your ears.
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๊ท€๋กœ ๋“ค์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:23
Touch with your fingers.
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์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ„ฐ์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Taste with your mouth.
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์ž…์œผ๋กœ ๋ง›๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:26
And smell with your nose.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฝ”๋กœ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋ฅผ ๋งก์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:29
Verbs of the senses are stative verbs so we don't usually
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
06:33
use them in the continuous tenses.
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
Notice that I said usually,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:37
we don't usually use them in the continuous tenses.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Now verbs of the senses are a little bit special
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
and that's because we can also use them to talk about the act of
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
06:49
tasting, smelling or feeling.
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๋ง›๋ณด๊ธฐ, ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋งก๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
We can say:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
I'm tasting the cake to make sure it's OK.
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์ผ€์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ง›์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
We can also say:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
06:58
This cake tastes delicious.
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์ด ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋Š” ๋ง›์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:01
One is an action,
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
can you guess which one?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:05
This one.
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์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜.
07:06
I'm actively tasting the cake.
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์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง›๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
I'm checking to make sure that it's yummy.
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๋ง›์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:12
This one is a state.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
It relates to perception.
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์ธ์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
My perception of the cake is that it's delicious.
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์ผ€์ดํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์˜ ์ธ์‹์€ ๋ง›์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
So I'm not describing an action here.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
In that context, it's incorrect to say:
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
The cake is tasting delicious.
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์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋ง›์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
We just say: The cake tastes delicious.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ผ€์ดํฌ ๋ง›์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:34
Another thing to be aware of is that the verb see
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์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ see์—
07:37
has a few different meanings.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
So we can say: I saw Ruby at the supermarket.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“์—์„œ Ruby๋ฅผ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
In that sentence see is a verb of the sense so it's stative.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ see๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ƒํƒœํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
But look at these examples.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์˜ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:51
I'm seeing Ruby tomorrow.
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๋‚ด์ผ ๋ฃจ๋น„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
07:54
He is seeing someone new.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
So seeing means meeting. I'm meeting Ruby tomorrow.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŒ๋‚จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ Ruby๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
And it also means being in a relationship.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:08
He's in a relationship with someone new.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
So in these sentences, the verb see is describing an action.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ see๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
And in that context,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
08:16
it's perfectly okay to use a continuous tense.
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
The third group is verbs of feeling and emotion.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ๋Š๋‚Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
I need to find out what Gloria likes doing in her free time.
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๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
Now there were two verbs of feelings or emotion in that sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
Can you guess which ones they are?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ง์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:38
Need and like.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์•„์š”.
08:40
You can absolutely use these verbs in the simple tenses
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
08:43
but it's incorrect to use them in the continuous form.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
I was needing some information.
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์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
What is Gloria liking?
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๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฆฌ์•„๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:56
Now of course,
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08:56
there are lots of other verbs that fit into this category.
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๋ฌผ๋ก ,
์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ๋งž๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
Verbs like: Love
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ: Love
09:02
Dislike. Adore.
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Dislike. ์ˆญ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
09:04
Wish. Prefer.
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์†Œ๋ง. ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋‹ค.
09:06
And surprise.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
These are all verbs of feeling and emotion and you should avoid
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Š๋‚Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ
09:12
using them in continuous tenses.
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
The fourth group is verbs of possession. They're verbs like
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๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์†Œ์œ  ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Belong๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:20
Belong. Own.
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. ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๋‹ค.
09:23
Possess.
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๋ถ™์žก๋‹ค.
09:25
and have.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
The bicycle belongs to my brother.
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๊ทธ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
09:31
But not: The bicycle is belonging to my brother.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋Š” ์ œ ๋™์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
She owns a red Ferrari.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ํŽ˜๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
She has been owning a red Ferrari for a long time.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ํŽ˜๋ผ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
Now the verb have also falls into this category but only
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ have๋„ ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์— ์†ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
09:46
when it means to own or possess something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ผ ๋•Œ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Now have is a bit of an exception so I'm going to go into more
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์ด์ œ have๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:54
detail about it later on in the lesson.
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋’ท๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
The last group of stative verbs is
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€
10:01
well it's just everything else.
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์ž˜ it's just every other์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
And by that I just mean any other verbs that aren't actions.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Like: Depend
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์ข‹์•„์š”: ์˜์กดํ• 
10:10
Deserve.
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์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
Promise.
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์•ฝ์†ํ•˜๋‹ค.
10:14
Owe.
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๋นš์ง€๋‹ค.
10:16
Seem.
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์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค.
10:17
Fit.
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๋งž๋‹ค.
10:19
Weigh.
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๋‹ฌ๋‹ค.
10:21
And measure.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ธก์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
So these verbs don't describe an action.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋™์ž‘์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
I promise not to be late.
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๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
Is promise an action?
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์•ฝ์†์€ ํ–‰๋™์ธ๊ฐ€?
10:32
When I make a promise, I don't actually do anything do I?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์†์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
10:36
I just say the words.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ง๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
10:38
I promise.
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์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
But there's no physical action there, is there?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์—†์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:43
It's just a stative verb.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
So I can't say:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
I am promising not to be late.
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๋Šฆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
That's incorrect. We just use the present simple here.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ‹€๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
I promise.
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์•ฝ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
How about: I owe you ten dollars.
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์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ: ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ 10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋นš์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Is owe an action?
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๋นš์€ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:03
If I said: Here's ten dollars and gave you a ten dollar note
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— 10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ 10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ง€ํ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:07
well giving is an action, right? But to owe someone money
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์ž˜ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ–‰์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋นš์„ ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
11:12
that's not an action.
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ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
So I can't say:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š”
11:16
I'm owing you ten dollars, can I?
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ 10๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋นš์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:19
We just keep it simple.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
I owe you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋นš์„ ์กŒ๋‹ค. ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ
11:23
I know there are a few things that are confusing about
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์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:27
stative verbs.
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.
11:30
Perhaps you've seen the words loving, smelling,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ ๋งก๊ณ ,
11:33
and owing around.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ๋นš์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
And now you're wondering
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์ด์ œ
11:38
why is Emma telling me that using these verbs in this form
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Emma๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
11:42
is wrong?
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?
11:43
Just because you can't use these verbs in continuous tenses,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์† ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
11:47
doesn't mean
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11:48
that you won't see them in an -ing form.
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-ing ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
What?
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๋ฌด์—‡?
11:53
Don't worry, this is something that confuses a lot of my students.
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
It's one of those really annoying things about English grammar.
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์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ง ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์‹  ์ผ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:01
-ing forms aren't only used for continuous verb tenses.
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-ing ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” ์—ฐ์† ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
We use them as adjectives, and nouns too, don't we?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:10
Remember our friend, the gerund?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:13
But I have got a super little tip for you.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž‘์€ ํŒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
A great way to check if it's an -ing form of a verb
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
12:20
is to look for the auxiliary verb be.
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ be๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
Be will always be there if it's a continuous verb form.
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์—ฐ์† ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ผ๋ฉด Be๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
Auxiliary verb be plus the main verb in -ing form.
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-ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ be์— ์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ.
12:33
That equals the continuous tense.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ์† ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
We were listening to music.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
Sarah is having a baby in March.
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Sarah๋Š” 3์›”์— ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
Can you see those auxiliary verbs?
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
12:45
They're telling us that listening and having,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
12:48
they're action verbs.
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๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
But take a look at these sentences.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:53
I heard some surprising news.
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:56
Is surprising a verb?
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๋†€๋žŒ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?
12:59
Surprising is an adjective
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Surprising์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
13:01
and it modifies the noun news.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋‰ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
Gives us some extra information.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
Playing football is his passion.
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์ถ•๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ด์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
Playing is a gerund.
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๋…ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
Playing football is the subject of our sentence.
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์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
It's a noun phrase.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
Seeing is believing.
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๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
What about here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์–ด๋•Œ?
13:22
Are either of these verbs?
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:24
This one's a bit tricky.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊นŒ๋‹ค ๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
In this example, both seeing and believing are gerunds.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
They're nouns but they look like verbs.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
So this structure is just the same as saying:
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
Tomorrow is Monday.
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๋‚ด์ผ์€ ์›”์š”์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
Tomorrow and Monday are nouns.
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๋‚ด์ผ๊ณผ ์›”์š”์ผ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Seeing and believing are also nouns.
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๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
So even though these words shouldn't be used as verbs
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์ด -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
13:47
in -ing form, you will definitely see them around as adjectives
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:51
and nouns.
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.
13:53
Probably the most complicated part of this is that there's a
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
13:57
groups of verbs that have both an active and a stative meaning.
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๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ์™€ ์ƒํƒœํƒœ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
And they're the ones that require you to really think about
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
14:05
the meaning of the verb before you decide
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14:08
which tense is appropriate to use.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์ ์ ˆํ•œ์ง€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
Now I've been pointing them out as we've been going through
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์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ด ์™”์ง€๋งŒ
14:13
this lesson, but I really just want to spend a couple of minutes
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14:17
going a little deeper here on the common ones.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ๊นŠ์ด ํŒŒ๊ณ ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„์„ ํ• ์• ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
I mentioned that have is a stative verb when it means possession.
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have๋Š” ์†Œ์œ ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Micky has a red bike.
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Micky๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
So here, if we replace has with own, or possess,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ have๋ฅผ own ๋˜๋Š” own์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด
14:34
we know it's a stative verb.
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์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
And the meaning stays the same, right? We can assume
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
that have is stative.
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have๊ฐ€ ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
So that means we can't say
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์ฆ‰,
14:45
Mickey is having a red bike.
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๋ฏธํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
It's the same when we use have to describe a quality.
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ have๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
They have brown hair.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
So we can replace have with possess in this sentence.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ have๋ฅผ have๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:00
So have in this context is stative.
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์ด ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ have๋Š” ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:02
They have brown hair.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
We can't say: They are having brown hair.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค : ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:09
But
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
15:10
but is coming up quite a bit during this lesson,
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
15:13
well there are a few exceptions.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
Because we use have a lot in English
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ have๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ
15:18
and it has different meanings each time. It can mean:
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค๋ฒˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
15:22
To host,
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์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๋‹ค,
15:24
expect,
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค,
15:25
eat or drink
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๋จน๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋‹ค
15:27
or to experience.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
15:29
So these verbs are all action verbs
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
which means we can use them in the continuous tenses.
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์ฆ‰, ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:36
We're having a party this weekend.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
Have means host.
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ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
She's having a baby in June.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 6์›”์— ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:45
Have is expect.
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
They were having lunch.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ ์‹ฌ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
So now, have means eat.
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์ด์ œ have๋Š” ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
So just make sure you stop every now and again
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€๋” ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
15:56
and just think about the true meaning of have.
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have์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:59
Can you replace have with own or possess?
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have๋ฅผ own ๋˜๋Š” own์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:02
Or does it mean something else?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ• ์ง€ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ• ์ง€
16:04
This will be a really good guide if you're trying to decide
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๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ง€์นจ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:08
whether to treat this as a stative or an active verb.
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16:12
The next verb to be careful of is be.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” be์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:16
You are funny.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
So be in this sentence refers to
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ be๋Š”
16:21
part of your personality, so this is a fact, a state. It's who you are.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฒฉ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
You are a funny person.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:29
But if I say: You are being funny.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด: ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
Here, be means you're acting or behaving in that way.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ be๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
So in this context, it's perfectly okay to use the continuous form.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์—ฐ์† ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
The other verb I want to mention is think.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” think์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
Now think can be active or stative.
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์ด์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๋Šฅ๋™์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
But when think means to have an opinion,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ think๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ
16:53
then it's stative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:54
What do you think about these earrings?
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์ด ๊ท€๊ฑธ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”?
16:57
But when think means consider, it's an action.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๊ณ ๋ ค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ–‰๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:01
What are you thinking about ordering?
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์ฃผ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:03
There's one more thing that I want to mention
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋” ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:06
that I want you to be aware of.
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.
17:08
Sometimes these rules are broken by native speakers
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์œ„๋ฐ˜๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:12
especially in informal context.
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.
17:15
You'll hear someone saying: I'm loving this song!
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
17:18
In the moment of enjoying the song, they'll say that.
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๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
17:23
Are you wanting my help with that?
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๋‚ด ๋„์›€์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
17:26
Here in Australia I hear people saying things like this
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:29
all the time, so where does that leave us?
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
17:32
Is it wrong to say: I'm loving it?
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:36
I mean McDonald's has kind of made that pretty standard now.
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€ ๋งฅ๋„๋‚ ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ๊ฝค ํ‘œ์ค€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด๋ผ๋Š”
17:39
Are the millions of English speakers using the verb love
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
17:43
incorrect when they say: I'm loving it?
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๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? I'm loving it?
17:48
Let's just say that this is one of the many ways that English
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
17:51
is changing and evolving.
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.
17:54
I mean, rules are made to be broken, aren't they?
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๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๊นจ์ง€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑฐ์ž–์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
17:57
Are you ready to test what you've learned today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
18:00
I really want you to practise using these stative verbs accurately.
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์ด ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ๊ผญ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
So I'm gonna give you some sentences where the verb has been
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ
18:07
used incorrectly and you need to correct them
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18:10
either by changing the tense or by swapping out the verb.
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์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ ๊ณ ์ณ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:13
Let's do the first one together.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
18:16
They were thinking it was a bad idea.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
What does thinking mean in this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:24
Does it mean to have an opinion
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์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
18:27
or to consider something?
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:30
It means to have an opinion so it's a stative verb.
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์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
We can correct it by saying:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
18:36
They thought it was a bad idea.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:39
Now it's your turn.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:40
So just make sure you pause the lesson after each example
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐ ์˜ˆ์ œ ํ›„์— ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
18:44
so you have time to think about the answers.
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.
18:47
And of course, write those answers down in the comments below
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‹ต์„ ์ ์–ด ๋‘์‹œ๋ฉด
18:50
so that I can come down and check them all out for you.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
I am wishing you a happy birthday.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์ƒ์ผ์„ ๊ธฐ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:01
She didn't answer the phone because she was hearing music.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์Œ์•…์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:09
They are not believing in magic.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
I have been knowing Lucy for 5 years.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฃจ์‹œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์ง€๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
You are having your birthday party tomorrow.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด์ผ ์ƒ์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
Well that's it for this lesson! I really hope that it was useful
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์ž, ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
19:39
to learn about action and stative verbs,
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๋™์ž‘๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ ํ•™์Šต์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
Really focusing some time and energy on learning stative verbs
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์ƒํƒœ๋™์‚ฌ ํ•™์Šต์— ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
19:46
will help you to understand how to use them accurately
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:49
in your English sentences.
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19:51
Now I've got a few other grammar lessons that will be really useful
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์ด์ œ ์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:55
for practising stative and active verbs okay? I've added the links
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20:00
to them down in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:02
As always, make sure you're subscribed to the channel,
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ 
20:05
turn on the notifications so I can let you know when there's a
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์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ์ผœ๋‘์„ธ์š”. ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:08
new lesson here for you.
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.
20:10
I will be back next week with another lesson for you
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ํ…๋ฐ
20:13
but until then, why don't you check out this one, right here?
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
20:17
I'll see you in there.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ณด์ž.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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