Let’s Reframe Cancel Culture | Sarah Jones | TED

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Shelley Tsang 曾雯海

As a writer and performer,

身為作家及表演者，

多年來，我為人所知的 特點是能夠將聲音

for years, I have been known for giving voice or voices

to the many diverse characters I play onstage

帶給我在舞台上扮演的 許多不同的角色，

and, more recently, in my film “Sell/Buy/Date.”

以及最近期在我的電影 《賣／買／日期》中的角色，

My characters, these characters, some of whom you are about to meet,

等下各位就會見到 我詮釋過的其中一些角色，

are based on people from my real life,

這些角色的靈感來自 我真實生活中的人物，

including my very real mixed race family.

包括我非常真實的多種族家庭。

Like me.

就像我。

My name is Lorraine. Hi there, TED.

我叫蘿倫，哈囉 TED。

It's wonderful.

真棒。

I'm kvelling to be here with you all again.

我很高興能再次來這裡見到大家。

Thank you for having me.

謝謝邀請我。

Please don't AI me.

請不要「人工智慧」我。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So Lorraine is based partly on a real relative of mine.

蘿倫的靈感有部分來自 我的一位真實親戚。

But don't worry, I changed the names to protect the innocent

但別擔心，我沒有用真名，

以保護無辜的人， 特別是要保護有罪的人。

and especially the guilty.

Claro que sí. Hi, I'm Nereida.

當然。嗨。我是奈蕾達。各位午安。

Muy buenas tardes, everybody.

I am also from Sarah Jones's family, but I'm a little bit nervous

我也是莎菈‧瓊斯的家人，但，

我有點緊張，因為我好興奮能再次 來到 TED，然後，莎菈‧瓊斯就說：

because I was so excited to come back here to TED,

and then Sarah Jones was like,

"We are going to be talking about how everyone is afraid of cancel culture."

「我們要來談為什麼 大家都害怕取消文化。」

And I was like, "First of all,

而我說：

「首先，我們要以不同 背景的身分來這裡演說。

we are here speaking as people from different backgrounds.

Are we even allowed to do that anymore?

現在還能這樣做嗎？

Like what if people confuse what we're doing

比如，如果大家誤以為 我們的做法是文化盜用呢？

with cultural appropriation,

which is probably the fastest way to get us all canceled?

這可能是讓我們 全都被取消的最快途徑？

Oh, my God. No, thank you.”

喔，天，不了，謝謝。」

As you can hear, my characters have their own take on things,

各位可以聽得出來，我的角色 對事物有她們自己的看法。

但對於取消文化， 我有非常個人化的經驗，

but I had a very personal experience of cancel culture,

and I wanted to share about it here.

我想在這裡分享，我希望

And I’m hoping that if we’re willing to really talk about all of this,

如果我們願意談所有這些話題，

maybe we can stop living in fear of it

也許我們可以停止害怕它，

and get at what's actually underneath it.

並開始了解它背後的真相。

Now you’ve already met Lorraine and Nereida ...

各位已經見過蘿倫和奈蕾達了……

But you haven’t met me.

但各位還沒見過我，嗨，我是貝菈。

Hi, I'm Bella.

She/her pronouns.

代名詞用「她／她的」。

I’m a double major, feminism and philosophy,

我雙主修女性主義及哲學，

and actually social justice.

其實還有社會正義，只是旁聽。

Just auditing.

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

But also I'm minoring in social media

但我也有兼修社群媒體， 焦點放在知名的抖音迷因。

with a concentration on notable TikTok memes.

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

But as far as, like, cancel culture with, like, older people ...

但說到取消文化，

對較老的人……

I mean, like, not to say that, like, you're all older,

我的意思不是各位都比較老，

but, like, just some of you are more, like,

只是在座有些人就比較……

chronologically advanced ...

在時間順序上排比較前面……

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

people and, like, more successful, right?

比如，比較成功的人，

So, like, obvi, you have, like, the most to lose, right?

顯然你們的損失會最大。

Um. So --

所以——

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Bella makes an annoying but very good point, right?

貝菈說的重點很惱人但也很好。

This is a global phenomenon

這是一種全球性的現象，有著

with immeasurable impact on culture, commerce.

巨大的衝擊，會影響文化、商業，

And I know, the feeling is over the past few years,

我知道，感覺起來就是，

在過去幾年，

there has suddenly been this rise

突然出現了這個

駭人的幽靈，每個人都很害怕。

of a terrifying specter that everybody has to fear.

But in my experience,

但根據我的經驗，

cancel culture actually hasn't been sudden,

取消文化不是突然出現的，

and it is certainly not new.

且肯定不是新出現的。

If the definition of being canceled

如果被取消的定義

is being silenced, excluded,

就是聲音被打壓、被排擠、

disempowered and disinvited from the larger conversation,

被削弱，且不再能參與更大的談話，

then for many of us,

那麼，對我們許多人而言，

cancel culture has defined our lives for most of history.

在大部分的歷史中，取消文化 一直都影響著我們的生活。

I mean, spoiler alert, I'm Black.

爆個雷：我是黑人。

Also a woman.

我也是女性。

I have Latino relatives.

我有拉丁裔的親戚， 我甚至有部分猶太人血統。

I'm even a little part Jewish.

I know what it is to have cancellation baked into who I am.

我知道先天本質就內含有 取消是什麼感覺。

So some of our experiences down through history

所以，在歷史上，我們的一些經歷

have amounted to a kind of pre-cancellation.

等同於某種形式的 「更前期的取消」。

It's only now that this new kind of cancellation

只是一直要到現在，這種新的取消

has begun to impact the powerful and dominant

才開始影響到有權的人 和有主導權的人，

with the pre-canceled folk saying,

更前期被取消的人則說：「嘿，

"Hey, this system has been failing a lot of us for centuries.

數世紀來，這個體制 已經讓我們很多人失望了。

So now it's our turn.

現在輪到我們了。

We're going to take justice into our own hands

我們要自己來伸張正義，

and cancel you."

取消你們。」

And I agree that we need the equity and justice our laws promise

我同意，我們都需要

我們的法律承諾會給予卻通常 沒有實現的平等和正義。

but often don't deliver.

For example, harmful and even criminal behavior,

比如，傷害人和甚至犯罪的行為，

when committed by powerful people,

若是由有權的人犯下，

has often gone completely unpunished.

他們通常完全不會受到懲罰。

And in situations like that, yeah,

在那樣的情況下，是的， 取消文化至少可以提供

cancel culture can at least offer some form of restitution.

某種形式的賠償。

Now that said, as a system, it's far from perfect.

雖然如此，

但就體制來說，它很不完美，

I mean, once people are canceled,

我的意思是，一旦有人被取消了，

how are we actually holding them accountable?

我們要如何要求他們扛起責任？

Like there are those creepy comedians

比如有些

很詭異的喜劇演員 或執行長，他們可能需要

or CEOs who might have to hole up in their mansions for a little while.

在他們的豪宅中躲一陣子。

But before you know it, a lot of them are right back in Madison Square Garden

但不知不覺，他們很多人 可能又回到麥迪遜廣場花園

or otherwise in business.

或重操舊業了。

And meanwhile, the larger systems that created them keep right on going.

而同時，

創造出他們的更大系統 卻持續在運作著。

Now even worse, sometimes people

更糟糕的是，有時，

和世界上哈維‧溫斯頓 這種人完全相反的人，

who are the opposite of the Harvey Weinsteins of the world

can get lumped in and dragged

可能會被歸併、捲入，

as soon as one voice screams “cancellation” in a crowded theater.

只要在擁擠的戲院裡有個聲音 大叫「取消」就會被牽連。

我之前提過我的電影 《賣／買／日期》。

I mentioned my film "Sell/Buy/Date" earlier.

It was inspired by a play of the same name.

靈感來自於同名的劇作。

I even performed an early excerpt of it right here at TED.

我之前曾在 TED 演出過 其中早期的一段片段。

And it’s a one-person show that explores themes of women and sex and power

它是單人的表演，探討的主題 包括女人、性，和權力，

through the lens of the sex industry.

從性產業的視角來看這一切。

But if you don't know my work, let me give you a little bit more context.

但若你不熟悉我的作品，

讓我給你一點背景資料。

Since I grew up watching racial, ethnic and other stereotypes,

因為我成長的過程中看到的都是 種族、人種，和其他刻板印象，

or no images of us at all,

或者完全看不到我們被呈現出來，

my work has always been about accurately portraying people

我的作品就一直著重在

正確描繪出人類的完整人性。

in our full humanity.

And in the case of "Sell/Buy/Date,"

就《賣／買／日期》來說，

which was inspired by real people in the sex industry

靈感是來自性產業中的真實人物，

whom I had spent years getting to know

我花了數年時間去逐步認識這些人，

and who generously trusted me with their stories onstage,

她們也很大方地相信我，

讓我把她們的故事搬上舞台。

I was grateful my work was received

我很感激我的作品會被認為

as a loving tribute to those diverse people and ideas.

是對這些各式各樣的人 與思想表示愛的敬意。

That is, until the film version was announced in the press.

上述都是在電影版的資訊 登上媒體上之前的事。

The film was backed by a team of A-list Hollywood producers.

這部電影得到一群 A 級好萊塢製片的支持。

And so suddenly this was a much bigger platform.

突然間，這成為了一個更大的平台。

And people who did not know me and my connection to the topic

而不認識我的人，

不知道我和這個主題有何連結的人，

assumed I was a cultural appropriator with bad intentions,

假設我是個文化盜用者，不懷好意。

and suddenly I was under brutal attack.

突然間，我就被猛烈攻擊，

I mean, strangers from all over the internet

我指的是來自網路四面八方的 陌生人都對我個人發起攻擊，

were coming for me personally,

threatening my funders,

威脅我的金主，

promising to cancel anyone associated with my film.

立誓要取消任何和我的 電影扯上關係的人。

Why?

為什麼？

Well, these cancelers were actually concerned sex workers.

這些發起取消的人其實是 關注這個議題的性工作者。

They were afraid my film would be disrespectful

他們怕我的電影會對

to the already very marginalized people in the sex industry.

在性產業中已經 非常邊緣的人有所不敬。

And I get that.

這我能懂。

But before I could even make the film

但在我開始拍這部片之前，

and include the voices of sex workers, as I had always planned,

在我能照我本來的計畫 將性工作者也納進來之前，

they said I had no right to tell my story since I'm not in the industry myself.

他們就說我無權訴說我的故事， 因為我自己根本不在這個產業裡。

And they were more than willing to destroy me and my career.

且他們會非常樂意 摧毀我和我的職涯。

最終，我撐住了，

Ultimately, I hung in there.

I made the film, which shows me wrestling with these issues,

我拍出了這部電影，電影中可以 看到我在這些議題上的掙扎，

and it was critically acclaimed by the “New York Times.”

它受到《紐約時報》的好評。

But along the way,

但在這個過程中，

I, the film and the very people it was trying to serve

我自己、這部電影， 以及我想要協助的對象

all suffered harm that may never be undone.

都受到了可能永遠無法復原的傷害。

I've lost friendships and opportunities that can never be restored.

我失去了可能永遠無法 修復的友誼和機會。

But even worse, the distraction of the cancellation

但更糟糕的是，

取消導致注意力被分散了，

pulled focus from the goal

讓焦點不再是原本的目標：

of destigmatizing people in the sex industry.

幫性產業的人除去汙名。

And that is another huge problem with cancel culture,

那是取消文化的另一個重大問題：

is that at its worst it can end up

在最糟糕的情況下，結果可能是

hurting the very people it's trying to help.

它會傷到它本來想要協助的人。

And even at its best,

就算在最好的情況下，

it can still fuel this continuous loop of fear.

它還是有可能會助長這種

持續不斷的恐懼迴圈。

Like there are the marginalized folks who fear very understandably

比如被邊緣化的人， 大家都能理解他們會懼怕

他們會再次被削弱。

that they'll be disempowered yet again.

And then there are the people who are in power

還有握有權力卻又怕 失去那些權力的人，

and fear losing that power.

Or they secretly feel like they're being indicted

或者他們背地裡覺得他們受到指控，

rather than invited into a conversation.

而不是被邀請參與談話。

And nobody is really evolving under circumstances like that.

在那樣的情況下， 沒有人會進步成長。

同時，更廣大的不平等文化

Meanwhile, the larger culture of inequality not only isn't improving,

不僅沒有改善，實際上還變得更糟，

it's actually getting worse out here

because everybody's just reacting from their amygdala.

因為每個人都只是 用他們的杏仁核在做反應。

So ...

所以……

What's the solution?

要怎麼解決？

Well, kind of like with my film,

嗯，和我的電影有點像，

I'm not here to tell you what you have to think.

我來這裡不是要告訴各位該怎麼想。

Yes, but I will listen.

是的，但我會聆聽，

Even the nice Black girl is saying cancel culture is not the solution.

即使這位黑人好女孩說 取消文化不是解決之道。

So I think we should all just say,

我認為我們大家都應該說：

"Poo poo poo. Glad we cleared that up.

「噗噗噗，很高興 我們把事情說清楚了。

We can all move on, thank God."

我們可以繼續走下去了，謝天謝地。」

Yeah, well --

是啊，嗯——

Yes but, Lorraine, it’s not that simple

是的，但是，蘿倫，沒那麼簡單，

because many of us, you know,

因為我們許多人， 也就是更前期就被取消的人，

the pre-canceled people,

we can't just move on

我們無法就這樣繼續走下去， 除非有更平等、美好的社會。

without a more equitable, a better society.

The good news is,

好消息是，我相信 第一步是要少看推特，

I believe that starts less with looking at Twitter

and more with, well,

要多做的是，嗯，

looking at the man in the mirror.

看看鏡中的那個人。

At the risk of invoking a very canceled pop icon, I'm sorry.

要冒的風險是會喚起一位 被取消的流行偶像，我很抱歉。

Research shows that if we try looking really honestly at ourselves

研究顯示，

如果我們去嘗試

非常誠實地去看看自己，

and any biases or privilege we may have,

看看我們可能抱持的 偏見或擁有的特權，

it could actually improve our quality of life.

就有可能可以改善我們的生活品質。

A recent piece in "Scientific American" about unlearning certain prejudices

《科學人》雜誌最近有一篇文章，

內容是關於遺忘某些偏見，

pointed to research that -- wait for this --

文章指出，研究發現——聽好了——

even with power,

就算有權力，

當主導的群體害怕失去那些權力，

when the dominant group fears losing that power,

they are more anxious,

他們就會更焦慮，

more angry, defensive, paternalistic,

更憤怒，

更有防禦心，更父權主義， 這對我們所有人都會造成傷害。

which harms us all.

So whether we're the ones who fear being canceled

所以，不論我們是害怕被取消的人，

or we're trying to hold others to account,

或者我們在試圖要求他人扛起責任，

we can all start a daily practice of being self-accountable.

我們都可以開始每天做一種練習：

對自己負責。

不帶評斷地去留意

To notice, without judgment, any tendencies in ourselves

我們自己有沒有什麼傾向 可能會傷害到他人。

that could be hurtful to others.

And I'm not saying that unlearning our biases

我並不是說遺忘我們的偏見 就能自動讓我們免於被取消，

will automatically shield us from cancellation,

but we can at least try to own any mistakes we might be making.

但我們至少可以嘗試承認 任何我們可能會犯下的錯誤。

And we don’t have to do it alone.

且我們不用自己一個人去做。

We can surround ourselves with trusted people

我們可以讓自己身邊 多些可信任的人，

who may be more aware of certain issues than we are.

他們可能比我們更能 意識到某些問題。

Think of them as your own personal cancel counsel.

把他們當作你個人的取消顧問。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

Yeah? OK.

對吧？好。

Lastly, let’s say we’re the ones doing the canceling.

最後，假設我們是在取消別人的人。

Looking honestly at ourselves can keep us from automatically assuming

誠實地看看我們自己

可以防止我們自動對人 做出最糟糕的假設，

the worst in people who could be well-meaning.

他們有可能是出於善意。

Now I know, I know. Don’t @ me.

我知道，我知道，別 @ 我。

A lot of these people out here getting canceled do not mean well.

很多被取消的人確實沒有好的意圖。

Or even if they do,

或，就算他們有，

good intentions might not help much

當陌生人問能不能觸摸你的頭髮時，

when a stranger asks if they can touch your hair.

就算有好的意圖也沒什麼幫助。

I mean, unless that stranger is Jason Momoa.

除非那個陌生人是傑森‧摩莫亞。

Just saying.

只是說說。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

He has my consent.

我允許他。

But the point is,

但，重點是，

we don't just want to ignore thoughtless missteps or worse.

我們並不想要只是去忽視

粗心的過失或更糟糕的。

But I do believe even alongside the painful inequities,

但我確實相信，

就算是要承受痛苦的不平等，

大部分人都仍然只是 在試圖做對的事。

we are still mostly just people

who are trying to do the right thing.

And if we are falling short of that,

如果我們不能做到那一點，

banishment alone doesn't actually solve the problem.

單單靠放逐並不能解決問題。

It just creates more hurt and angry people.

結果只是創造出 更多受傷且憤怒的人。

Now, I'm hoping that without pretending

我希望，即使不假裝

this is an even playing field,

這是個公平競爭的環境，

that we can still empathize with each other just a little bit more.

我們仍然可以

多同理一下彼此，

Maybe you can even become the cancel counsel to someone

也許，

在你打算讓某人消失時，可以 試著改成扮演他的取消顧問。

you would otherwise have written off.

Invite them to share where they were trying to come from,

邀請他們分享他們試圖表達的立場，

and then show them any biases they might have been blind to.

然後讓他們知道他們自己 可能看不見的偏見。

I'm not saying it's easy.

我沒有說這很容易。

I know a lot of us are really tired,

我知道我們很多人都很累了。

but I also think we would be amazed at how connecting to someone on that level

但我也認為，

我們會非常驚訝看到， 在那個層級上與人建立連結

could take a hurtful event

能夠把很傷人的事件

and turn it into a chance for healing and real progress.

轉換為療癒和真正進步的機會。

Now, listen, I'm --

聽著，我——

I'm not saying any of us will ever be perfect,

我不是說我們任何人能做到完美，

but maybe we can try to give each other and ourselves

但也許，

我們可以試著給彼此和給我們自己

the grace of assuming good intentions

通情達理的寬容，假設意圖是好的，

while still doing the work

同時仍然繼續去做

that acknowledges how far we have to go.

承認我們還有多少路要走的工作。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）