The Tech We Need to Fight Workplace Ageism | Piyachart Phiromswad | TED

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2023-10-12 ใƒป TED


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The Tech We Need to Fight Workplace Ageism | Piyachart Phiromswad | TED

31,502 views ใƒป 2023-10-12

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sarah Hong ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:04
So by the year 2050,
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2050๋…„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด,
00:07
there are going to be more than two billion people
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20์–ต ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์ด
00:10
who are older than 60 years old,
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60์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
00:12
and it has been estimated that around 80 percent
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์ด 20์–ต ์ธ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ์•ฝ 80%๊ฐ€
00:16
of these two billion people
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00:17
will live in low- and middle-income countries,
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์ค‘์ €์†Œ๋“ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€, ๋Œ€๋žต ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
which is roughly the developing countries.
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00:23
It is currently a common belief, globally,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
00:26
that senior citizens should not work,
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๊ณ ๋ น์ž๋Š” ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:29
do not need to work,
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00:30
and therefore, there is no reason for companies to create jobs for them.
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๊ธฐ์—…์ด ๋…ธ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
I think this kind of thinking,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ,
00:35
the thinking that senior employment is inessential,
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์ฆ‰, ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ด ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
00:40
is actually the seed of a major problem that could impact a lot of lives,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—
00:44
especially the lives of people in developing countries.
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์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๊ทผ์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
To explain to you why, let me show you a diagram,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋„ํ‘œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
00:51
and let me call this diagram a negative aging spiral.
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์ด ๋„ํ‘œ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋…ธํ™” ๋‚˜์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
Imagine a 50-year-old living in a developing country.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” 50์„ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:59
The chance that this person will work later on will be slim,
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ณ„์† ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํฌ๋ฐ•ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:03
so this person is not going to invest in their skill,
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
01:07
might not even invest in their health,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—๋„ ํˆฌ์žํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
because there's no return from this investment.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ํˆฌ์ž์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ต์ด ์—†์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:11
Then, at the age of 60,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ 60์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด,
01:12
this person is going to stop working,
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ผ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋‘๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
01:14
because it's a common thing to do in these countries.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋“ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ํ”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
01:18
And then after that, many bad things could happen.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„์— ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
For example, this person might not have enough savings,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ €์ถ•์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
์ €์ถ•์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:25
or maybe no savings at all,
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01:26
and now thereโ€™s no more employment opportunity.
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์ด์ œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ทจ์—… ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
This person might feel lost, feel hopeless, feel lonely.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ธธ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ , ํฌ๋ง์ด ์—†๊ณ , ์™ธ๋กญ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋А๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
This person might even feel
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ณ„์† ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋А๋‚„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
like there's no purpose to continue living.
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01:37
So it seems like, for many people in developing countries,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
01:40
there's going to be suffering through the process of population aging.
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์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
Is there anything we can do differently?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
01:50
For me, as an economist
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์ €๋Š”, ํŠนํžˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ
01:52
who has been working on this topic of population aging,
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01:55
especially in the context of developing countries,
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์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด ์˜จ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ž๋กœ์„œ,
01:58
for many years,
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01:59
I have been puzzled by these questions,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ณ ์‹ฌ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
ํ•ด๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
but I think I've got an answer.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋…ธํ™” ๋‚˜์„ ์„ ๊นจ๊ณ 
02:05
I think the best catalyst that we can use to break the negative aging spiral
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์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™”์˜ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ์ด‰๋งค์ œ๋Š”
02:10
and unlock the power of population aging
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02:13
is to create something called senior employment technologies
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด
02:17
and use it to democratize senior employment.
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
What is senior employment technology?
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
02:23
It is a technology that can be used to reduce or remove
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ทผ๋กœ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์ , ์ธ์ง€์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„
02:26
physical and cognitive barriers for work for senior citizens.
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์ค„์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
Like people wearing glasses today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ์„ ์จ์„œ
02:33
which we use to erase or remove our vision problem,
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์‹œ๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ,
02:38
senior employment technology
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„
02:40
is something that we can use to transform senior employment
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๋“œ๋ฌธ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
from scarcity to abundance.
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02:47
But unfortunately,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„,
02:48
this aspect of technology has been overlooked
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ธก๋ฉด์€ ๊ฐ„๊ณผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
by a lot of people.
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02:53
When we actually think about it,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด,
02:55
senior living assistive technologies are quite common,
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๋…ธ์ธ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ณด์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
02:59
but not so much in terms of senior employment technologies.
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
And in the context of, for example, developed countries,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:06
these technologies do exist to some extent,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์–ด๋А ์ •๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
03:09
but in the context of developing countries,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:12
these technologies are largely nonexistent.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
So if we could create senior employment technologies
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ,
03:21
and use our imagination to think about what it could be,
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์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•ด์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ• ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:24
what would it look like?
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
03:26
Let me give you guys a couple of examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์€
03:29
The first group of senior employment technologies
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03:32
is something that can be called physical augmentation technologies.
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์‹ ์ฒด์  ์ฆ๊ฐ• ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
There are two types of physical barriers to work.
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์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
The first one is physical barriers at work.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
So as we age, we tend to lose some of our physical abilities.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์‹ ์ฒด ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
For example, we lose our muscle strength,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ ,
03:49
we might lose our hand and finger dexterity.
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์†๊ณผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฒฉ์„ฑ์„ ์žƒ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
Now, let's imagine the possibility
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
03:55
we could create cheap and accessible exoskeleton technologies,
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์™ธ๊ณจ๊ฒฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:01
which is a suit that a senior citizen could wear,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋…ธ์ธ์ด ์ž…์„ ์˜ท์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:04
and this suit can be used to augment, for example, trunk muscles,
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์ด ์˜ท์€ ๋ชธํ†ต ๊ทผ์œก์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
04:09
and the senior citizen can actually use it to lift something heavy,
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๋…ธ์ธ์ด ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:13
but it doesn't feel that heavy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
Now, if we actually think about it,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด,
04:17
this aspect of technologies could be pretty important
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์ด ๊ฝค ์ค‘์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
in the context of developing countries,
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04:22
because a lot of people in developing countries
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ ์ฒด๋‚˜ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
actually use their body or their labor, a lot, for work.
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04:30
Next, letโ€™s imagine the possibility we could create
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ํ˜‘๋™ ๋กœ๋ด‡,
04:34
cheap and accessible collaborative robots, or "cobots" in short,
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ โ€˜์ฝ”๋ด‡โ€™์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:39
which is often in the form of robot arms,
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ํ”ํžˆ ๋กœ๋ด‡ ํŒ”๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
๋…ธ์ธ์ด ์†๊ณผ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฒฉ์„ฑ์„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:42
and these robot arms can be used as an extra steady hand
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04:46
that a senior citizen could use to recover their hand and finger dexterity,
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๋งค์šฐ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
especially for work that requires precision.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ •๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
One interesting use case for this
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์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์˜ˆ๋Š”
04:58
could be ... senior surgeons in developing countries.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด ๋“  ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
We can all agree that we wouldn't want a surgeon with a shaky hand
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์†์„ ๋– ๋Š” ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ฃ .
05:09
to do anything near our body.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€
05:12
But these technologies can help senior surgeons
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ์ง€์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๋‚˜์ด ๋“  ์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด
05:16
with amazing skill, amazing knowledge,
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05:19
to still make a significant contribution.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
And we know, in the period of population aging,
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™” ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š”
05:25
surgeons, doctors will be in great shortage.
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์™ธ๊ณผ ์˜์‚ฌ์™€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ„ฑ์—†์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
The next physical barrier to work
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์—…๋ฌด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์€
05:31
is the physical barrier in getting to work itself.
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์ถœ๊ทผ ์ž์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
So as we age, things like getting stuck in traffic
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์— ๊ฐ‡ํžˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:40
or being in congested public transportation for so long
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ํ˜ผ์žกํ•œ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์„ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ,
05:44
only to take a long walking distance
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์ง์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋จผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ผ์€
05:47
could be a major barrier to work for many senior citizens.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ๋Œ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Now, if a job does not require a physical presence,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์ถœ๊ทผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ง์—…์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
05:57
letโ€™s imagine the possibility that remote working technology such as Zoom
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
์คŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:03
or maybe, in the future, the metaverse,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ๋ฉ”ํƒ€๋ฒ„์Šค ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
06:05
can be used to completely remove the journey to work itself,
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์ถœ๊ทผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์—†์• ๊ณ ,
06:09
and allow senior citizens to work from anywhere,
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋””์„œ, ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋“  ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
any time, or maybe any country.
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06:15
If a job does really require a physical presence,
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๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ง ์ถœ๊ทผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
06:19
letโ€™s imagine the possibility of smart city technologies.
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œํ‹ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:24
One aspect of smart city technology
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์Šค๋งˆํŠธ ์‹œํ‹ฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘๋Š” ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์€
06:27
is focused on optimizing city transportation resources
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๋„์‹œ ๊ตํ†ต ์ž์›์„ ์ตœ์ ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
by collecting data, information,
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๊ฐ์ง€๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ, ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:35
from sensors or cameras,
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06:38
and using it to improve the journey to work for senior citizens
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์ถœ๊ทผ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
06:42
so that their journey to work can be better and safer.
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๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์พŒ์ ํ•œ ์ถœ๊ทผ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:46
The second group of senior employment technologies
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”
06:49
is something that can be called cognitive augmentation technologies.
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์ธ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ• ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
So as we age, we also tend to lose some of our cognitive abilities.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ, ์ธ์ง€ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ƒ์‹ค๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
For example, we tend to lose our ability to memorize things
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์•”๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด๋‚˜
07:02
or our abilities to compare pictures, objects,
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ, ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ, ์ฆ‰, ์ง€๊ฐ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
which is called perceptual speeds.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:10
Letโ€™s imagine the possibility that maybe our cell phone, our laptop
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํœด๋Œ€ํฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ, ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ˜„์‹ค ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ์—
07:15
or maybe virtual reality glasses
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07:17
can be equipped with cognitive augmentation software
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์ธ๊ณต ์ง€๋Šฅ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋™๋˜๋Š” ์ธ์ง€ ์ฆ๊ฐ• ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํƒ‘์žฌ๋˜์–ด
07:21
powered by artificial intelligence,
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07:23
which can be used as a companion brain.
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๋ณด์กฐ ๋‘๋‡Œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
So in the future, this device can be used to help senior citizens,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ น์ž, ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์žฅ์น˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
07:31
senior workers,
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07:32
to show them work-related information as needed,
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ํ•„์š”์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์—…๋ฌด ๊ด€๋ จ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ด„์œผ๋กœ์จ
07:36
so they don't need to memorize everything --
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์™ธ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋„๋ก ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
which would be great for me right now, too --
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ข‹๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:41
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:42
help enhance, for example, perceptual speeds
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž, ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์ด
๋ฌผ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐํ•จ์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
07:46
when senior workers, senior citizens need to identify objects or find defects,
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์ง€๊ฐ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
07:52
and they can actually make the final decision better and faster.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
Of course, beyond the physical and cognitive barriers
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์‹ ์ฒด์ , ์ธ์ง€์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ,
08:02
that I have mentioned,
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08:05
we still need to find a way to remove social barriers to work,
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋…ธ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ์—†์•จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
which is called ageist beliefs.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ น ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
It's the belief that senior citizens
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๋ น์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ง์—…์—์„œ๋“ 
08:13
are always less productive than younger workers
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ Š์€ ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
for any kind of occupation.
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์ €๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๋ น ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ์—†์• ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
08:19
I think senior employment technologies can take us one step closer
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08:23
to removing, or maybe significantly reducing ageist beliefs.
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ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•œ ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ๋‹ค๊ฐ€๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
I think if we can do this thing, we can break the negative aging spiral
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ถ€์ •์  ๋…ธํ™” ๋‚˜์„ ์„ ๊นจ๊ณ 
08:33
and create something that can be called a positive aging spiral.
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๊ธ์ •์  ๋…ธํ™” ๋‚˜์„ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
Imagine a 50-year-old living in a developing country,
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋„์ƒ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” 50์„ธ ์„ฑ์ธ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:41
but in this case, this person actually invests in their skill,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ํˆฌ์žํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์—๋„ ํˆฌ์žํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
this person actually invests in their health,
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08:47
because they know this investment will be valued.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ํˆฌ์ž์— ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
08:51
And not only that,
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๊ทธ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
08:52
this person actually looks forward to the next journey in their lives.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
Then at the age of 60, senior citizens who are qualified to work,
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์ด์ œ 60์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด, ์ผํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ,
๊ณ ๋ น์ž ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋•๋ถ„์— ์ผํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค,
09:01
or could become qualified to work,
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09:02
because of senior employment technologies,
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09:05
and need or want to work,
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์ง์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
should be able to work.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:09
If we can do this,
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09:10
I think we can achieve and become a wealthy and healthy aging society.
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ํ’์š”๋กญ๊ณ  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋ น ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
So by using these senior employment technologies ...
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ,
09:20
When we think about technologies ...
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด,
09:24
some technologies might seem scary,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
some might seem concerning.
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09:29
But I think senior employment technologies is the right kind of technology
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—
09:33
that our world, our society needs more right now.
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๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
And we can use senior employment technologies
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
09:39
to transform and democratize senior employment,
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๋…ธ์ธ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ ,
09:43
from scarcity to abundance.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
And I think we can use it to transform the lives of many people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„
09:49
from suffering through the process of population aging
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๊ณ ๋ นํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ณ ํ†ต์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ณ ๋ นํ™” ๊ณผ์ • ์†์—์„œ
09:53
to flourishing in the process of population aging.
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์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ์‚ถ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:57
Thank you very much.
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์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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