Jota Samper: The informal settlements reshaping the world | TED

57,387 views ใƒป 2021-08-27

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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Transcriber:
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: erin choi ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฏ ์‚ด ๋•Œ
์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์˜ ๋ฉ”๋ธ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ
์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์นœ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
When I was six years old,
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์ œ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์‹œ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋กœ
00:15
growing up in Medellรญn, Colombia,
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์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:17
I made one of the most impactful decisions of my life.
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„, ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์Šน๋‚™ํ•ด์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
I asked my mother to change my school,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋˜ ์นดํ†จ๋ฆญ ์‚ฌ๋ฆฝ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
00:25
to the school where she was teaching.
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00:28
To my surprise, she said yes.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋˜ ๊ณต๋ฆฝํ•™๊ต๋กœ ์ „ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
So I switched from a rich, private Catholic school to a public school
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๋ช‡์€
00:38
where 99 percent of the students live in a condition of extreme poverty.
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์‹์ด ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‹์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €์™€ ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๊ณณ์— ์‚ด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
The only meal some of my friends ate a day
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์—ฌ๊ฐ€์‹œ์„ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™๋„ค์— ์‚ด์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:47
was the one that was given in school.
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00:50
My friends and I lived close to each other, but worlds apart.
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€
๋งˆ์…”๋„ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ™์ด
00:55
I lived in a neighborhood with a museum, a library, parks,
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€
00:59
and they lived in a neighborhood
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01:00
with the lack of the most basic necessities,
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์•ˆ์ „์ด ๋ณด์žฅ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
such as potable water or electricity.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๊ฒช์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
More importantly, they lived in a place surrounded by danger,
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
01:11
from guns to landslides.
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์‚ฐ ์†์— ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—์„œ
01:14
Their suffering was not unique.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘์„ ๋นผ์•—์•„ ๊ฐˆ๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ
01:17
Up in the mountains, in Medellรญn informal settlements,
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
thousands of families were having the same problems
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01:23
[as] my friends and their families,
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์ œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „ํ•ด๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:27
fearing that the police or the rains would take their homes away.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์› ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
์–ด๋– ํ•œ ์—ญ๊ฒฝ์—๋„ ๊ตดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
I learned so much from my friends,
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01:35
but what continued to surprise me the most is their resilience and optimism
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์ €๋Š” ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉฐ
์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌ์—ฐ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
in the face of adversity.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ฝœ๋กœ๋ผ๋„ ๋ณผ๋”์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ
01:44
Growing up with people that I care [about]
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01:47
is what had led me to the story of informal settlements.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒ ์™€๋‹ฟ์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
01:52
I teach now at the University of Colorado, Boulder,
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01:55
in the program of environmental design.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
I study informal settlements
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๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
because even if they are invisible to most of us,
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02:03
they represent one of humanity's biggest challenges.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
02:07
And yet they provide great insight in how cities develop and innovate.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€
์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
There are three crucial things
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์ฒซ์งธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์ด ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋„๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
that I have learned about informal settlements
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02:19
that I want to share with you today.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”
02:22
The first one is that informal settlements are a widespread form of city making.
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๊ทธ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š” ์ˆซ์ž์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
The second one
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02:31
is that by making visible populations in informal settlements,
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์—
๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:36
we can save their lives.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
The third one is that we pay more attention
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02:43
to the creativity of people who live in these places,
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋Š”
02:46
we could be aware of innovations that can save the planet.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ†ต์ œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜
์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•œ ๋™๋„ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Informal settlements can be broadly described
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02:55
as self-built neighborhoods outside of city regulations
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์š”์ฆ˜์—
์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ 10์–ต ๋ช… ์ด์ƒ์ด ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ์‚ฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
in conditions of extreme poverty.
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03:03
Nowadays,
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2050๋…„ ์ฆ˜์—
03:05
more than a billion people live in informal settlements
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ์‚ผ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ์€
์‹์ˆ˜์™€ ์ „๊ธฐ ์—†์ด
03:09
all around the world.
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๊ทน๋นˆ์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
By the year 2050,
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03:13
one in three people on the planet
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03:16
will live in one of these places
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋นˆ๋ฏผ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋“ค์ด
03:18
without potable water, adequate sanitation
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03:22
and in condition of extreme poverty.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
This makes informal settlements, what some call the slums,
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ๊ณ  ํ”ํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
03:32
the most common form of urbanization of the planet.
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๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
The paradox of informal settlements is that they are vast and common.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ๊ณ 
03:42
However, the people and the places in which they live
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๊ทธ ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•จ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
are the most invisible.
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03:48
There is much that we don't know about these places
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ผ์€
03:50
and that ignorance creates barriers to develop tools to help them.
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ธ์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด
03:56
A first step to make visible these populations
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ•  ์ž์›์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
is to record the conditions in which they live.
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04:04
However, many countries where the informal settlements are
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์›์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€
๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ์ž„์‹œ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
04:07
do not have the resources to map these populations.
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๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์ง€์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
And the countries who have the resources
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04:15
sometimes have legal restrictions that impede the state organizations
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์ด
04:19
to support the work on informal settlements.
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์˜คํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ง๋ฉดํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ
๋นผ์•—์•„ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
These unknowns create vacuums to understand informality
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04:29
and support the dissemination of misconceptions
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
04:32
about the real challenges and opportunities of informality.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•จ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
04:38
As I started to learn more about the informal settlements,
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์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ณ„๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
I realized the scarcity of data available.
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์–ด๋А ์ž๋ฃŒ์—์„œ๋„
04:45
Most of our understanding about informality
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ด์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
comes from separate and unreliable sources.
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04:51
There is not a single database
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐฑ๋ช…๊ณผ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€ ์ง€๋„์ฑ…์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
that contains all the informal settlements in the world.
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๊ทธ ์ง€๋„์ฑ…์€
04:59
To try to aid in such a puzzle,
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05:02
I created alongside hundreds of collaborators the Atlas of Informality.
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๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ž„์‹œ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
05:07
The Atlas is a creative attempt to visualize these invisible populations
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
05:13
in an effort to understand the unique process
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05:15
of informal city making.
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์ด ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•ด ์™”๋Š”์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:19
A crucial question that we wanted to resolve here
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:23
was how these places evolve over time.
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๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋‚˜
05:27
This was important
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
not only to understand the past,
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05:31
but more importantly, the future of informal settlements
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋””์ž์ธ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ
05:35
and the future of all world cities.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ ‘์†์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋œ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด, ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ฐ์ง€ ๋„๊ตฌ์™€ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด
๊ทผ 15๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
05:41
We at Environmental Design Program
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
05:44
created a protocol with open-access software,
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์›์•ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
remote sensing tools and direct mapping
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05:50
to identify and map the change of informal settlements
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:55
over the last 15 years all over the world.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ ์ œ์ž‘์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
The key was to develop a tool that was simple to use
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๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋“ค์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€๋„์— 400๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:05
and that allows us to reach most of the planet.
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06:08
A tool that allows to compare these places at the same level.
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์ธ๊ตฌ ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
06:13
We have now mapped more than 400 informal settlements all over the world,
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์žฅ์†Œ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
and we have realized how each one of them is changing and expanding
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
as a result of the arriving populations.
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๋ผํ‹ด ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด์™€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋“ค์€
06:25
We discovered things expected.
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06:27
Regions are expanding at different rates.
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์•„์‹œ์•„์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
06:31
Informal settlements in Latin America and Africa are expanding more rapidly
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์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ
9.85%์”ฉ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:35
than those in Asia.
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06:38
More importantly,
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06:39
we discovered that the entire sample
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์ด ์• ๋งคํ•œ ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:41
continues expanding at a rate of 9.85 percent.
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์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋Š”
๋งค๋…„ 2300 ์ œ๊ณฑ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๊ฐ€
06:47
But what [does] this obscure number mean?
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์กด์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ๋•…์ด ํ™•์žฅ๋จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
It means that every year
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์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
06:54
2,300 square kilometers of informal settlements
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06:57
are created out of the expansion of existing ones.
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๋งค๋…„ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€, ์ฆ‰ ํŒ์ž์ดŒ์—์„œ
๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”, ํœด์Šคํ„ด์ด๋‚˜ ํ† ์ฟ„ ๊ฐ™์ด
07:02
This expansion means that every year,
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07:05
at the informal settlement, a slum,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ดŒ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด
07:09
a city larger that some of the largest cities on the planet,
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์กด์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—์„œ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜์–ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
such as Moscow,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์ด ์กฐ๋ช…์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:16
Houston or Tokyo,
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ผ์„ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
is created out of the expansion of existing settlements.
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07:23
As these places continue to grow in darkness,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด์„œ
07:27
we are blinded to what happens in the cities emerging every day.
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
This is why I have dedicated my life
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ™œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ์ค„ ๋ฟ ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:37
to the co-production with communities that live in informal settlements.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
์ž„์‹œ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Not only to try to improve their conditions of living,
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10๋…„๊ฐ„ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
07:45
but to learn from them
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07:47
about the unique process of informal city making.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ’€๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ
์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๋ ค๋ฉด
07:51
Working with families and community members over the last 10 years,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
I have learned that to solve
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€
07:57
the informal settlements most challenging problems
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์‹์•ˆ์— ๋†“์—ฌ์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
new cutting-edge strategies are needed.
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
08:04
And that the source of that innovation
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง„๋‘์ง€ํœ˜ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
resides already within the knowledge of these communities.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
08:10
I have learned that for each problem
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ์„ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•œ
08:13
there is a community-based solution spearheaded by the people living there.
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์ฝœ๋กฌ๋น„์•„์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ ์นดํ”ผ๋„ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
์•„์ฃผ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
For example,
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08:19
we learn fascinating things from communities like Carpinelo
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ โ€œ์ปด๋ฐ”์ดํŠธโ€œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
or Manantiales de Paz in Colombia,
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์‚ฌํšŒ ์‹œ์„ค ํ–ฅ์ƒ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€
08:25
who organized themselves to build infrastructure improvements.
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๋ฐฐ์ˆ˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋„๋กœ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
They call these โ€œcombitesโ€.
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08:31
These infrastructure improvements go from the creation of water systems
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๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋‹จ์œ„์—์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง‘ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ž„๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜
08:36
to stairways, to roads.
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์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ• ๋“ฑ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:39
At the family level, we find incredible financing mechanisms.
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08:44
Like they're renting of rooms to pay for home expansions
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ €์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
08:46
or the creation of micro businesses tailored to the surrounding populations.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ „๋žต๋“ค์„ ๋” ๋„“์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ๋“ค์€
08:52
One of my goals now
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08:54
is the emulation of those strategies at larger scales.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
Creative informal solutions follow a disruptive process
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๋„์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›, ๊ณ„ํš ์„ค๊ณ„์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์€
09:03
that breaks away with traditional ways in which we think about cities.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Planners, city officials and architects tend to operate in cities
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์ €ํฌ์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„
09:14
in similar ways as those set up at the beginning of the 20th century.
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณ‘์ ์œผ๋กœ, ์งˆ๋ณ‘์œผ๋กœ,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€
09:20
What forced them and us
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09:24
to think about the informal settlements as a pathology,
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ํŒ์ž์ดŒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์‹œ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ด
09:28
as a disease,
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09:30
as something that needs to be eradicated.
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์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‹์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ํŒ์ž์ดŒ ๊ทผ์ ˆ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ์ง‘์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:35
This old-fashioned way of looking at slums
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09:39
forces the use of obsolete strategies.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์— ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
As a result, slum eradication programs have left millions homeless
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ
์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€
09:48
and have only displayed the problem to other places.
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ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
In unbelievable contrast,
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09:55
the resources of informal dwellers for these populations
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
์‚ฌํšŒ ์‹œ์„ค ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ํฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
to find unconventional ways to solve the same problems.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๋“ค์ด
10:04
Their solutions are less environmentally impactful
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๋ณดํ–‰์ž ์ „์šฉ ๋™๋„ค์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
10:07
and rely less on the need of big infrastructure improvements.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด
10:11
These solutions could be as physical
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์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ์€ํ–‰ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๊ฐ™์ด ์ „๋žต์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
as the creation of pedestrian-friendly compact neighborhoods,
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์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€
10:17
or as strategic
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์ž๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์™€
10:19
as the setup of community-based banking systems.
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์œ ์ง€๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
These solutions could work both
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10:27
for informal settlements with less resources
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์„ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
๋นˆ๊ณคํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:30
and to cities in the search of more sustainable development.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
Making these places visible
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๋นˆ๊ณคํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:37
is not only essential to help impoverished communities,
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10:41
it's also vital for the rest of us.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
These populations living in scarcity are forced to innovate
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€ ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š”
๋น„๊ณต์‹ ํƒ์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋Œ€์ค‘์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€์šฉ๊นŒ์ง€
10:49
and create these disruptive urban products.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์†ก์ฒด๊ณ„๋‚˜
10:53
Informal communities have always thrived,
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10:56
finding new opportunities out of necessity,
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ์ง‘๋“ค์„ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ 
11:00
from unofficial moto-taxis, private vehicles that serve the public,
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์ง‘ ํ™•์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ ์ž„๋Œ€๊ฐ™์ด
11:05
a response for the need for affordable transportation systems,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
or like the renting of rooms to pay for home expansions,
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
11:14
what makes homes in informal settlements a self-sustainable urban model.
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์ง‘์„ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€์ถœ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
์ง‘์ด ์ž์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋Œ€์ฃผ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:20
Think about how radical this idea is.
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11:24
That instead of getting a loan to pay for your home,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ๋‚ญ๋งŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
your home is the business that pays for the place that you live in.
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๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ์ด๊ฒจ๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ์–ป์€ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:33
Of course, I don't want to romanticize these solutions,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
as they are the result of innovation out of dramatic suffering.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
But what I want to say is that there is much that we could learn from them.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ „๋žต๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํƒ์‹œ ์•ฑ์ด๋‚˜
11:49
In fact, I think there are some that are already learning.
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์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์ž๊ฐ€๋กœ ์ž๊ธˆ ์กฐ๋‹ฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ
11:53
I argue
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11:55
that today, some of the most disruptive urban products,
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์ฃผํƒ ๊ณต์œ  ์ •์ฑ…๊ฐ™์€
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋„์‹œ ๊ณ„ํš๋“ค์ด
11:59
such as the ride apps,
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12:01
similar to the moto-taxis,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ ์‹ญ๋…„ ์ „์— ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
or the home-sharing economy,
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12:06
similar to the self-financing urban model in informal settlements,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋“ค์— ๋” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:11
started decades ago
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12:14
in the confines of informal settlements.
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์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ๊ธฐํšŒ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:18
If we pay more attention to visibilizing these invisible populations,
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
we will not only have the opportunity to support the effort of billions,
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12:28
but we could learn from them how we can change the planet.
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์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ•™๊ต ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ
ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ• ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์‚ฌํšŒ,
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
12:36
Now, thinking back about my schoolmates,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
the communities which I collaborate with
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์ฒซ์งธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
and the billions living in informal settlements,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ €ํฌ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ด๊ณ 
12:45
there are three things that we all need to do.
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์ž์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ์ผ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์กด์ค‘๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
The first one is that we need to make these communities more visible.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”
12:52
They are part of our cities,
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ํ˜์‹ ๊ณผ ์ฐฝ์˜์„ฑ์— ๋” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
they deserve to be respected and accounted.
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์–ด๋“ค์ผ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ณผ
12:58
Second is that we need to pay more attention to the creativity
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๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
13:02
and innovation that happen in these places.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ž„์‹œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์— ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
The next billion-dollar business,
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13:06
the next urban sustainable solution has already been invented
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:11
in one of the thousands informal settlements around the world.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์‚ผ๋ถ„์˜ ์ผ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:16
And finally, we need to apply what we learned there.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
For the future one third of the planet
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13:25
and for our cities that need to be safe.
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13:28
Thank you.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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