Pronounce 25 English Contractions [Plus Why You Should Use Them]

37,978 views ใƒป 2021-03-24

Speak Confident English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hey, it's Annemarie with Speak Confident English. This is, as always,
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ใญใˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ Speak Confident English ใฎ Annemarie ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ‚‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€
00:04
exactly where you want to be every week to get the confidence you want for your
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00:09
life and work in English.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใจไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฟ…่ฆใช่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๅพ—ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๆฏŽ้€ฑๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:11
I want you to think back on when you first began to study English,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’
00:15
you probably remember learning contractions, those words like I'm,
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ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใปใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’
00:19
don't, doesn't. That all seems very basic,
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่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ้žๅธธใซๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใ“ใจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ€ใˆ
00:24
but what might surprise you is just how many contractions we have in
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€้ฉšใในใ ใ“ใจใฏใ€
00:29
English and how common they are in conversation.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅคšใใฎ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒไผš่ฉฑใงใฉใ‚Œใปใฉไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:33
The challenge of contractions is to understand them the first time that you
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ๅŽ็ธฎใฎ้›ฃใ—ใ•ใฏ ใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆ่žใ„ใŸใจใใซ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹
00:38
hear them, and they can be challenging to pronounce as well.
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ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚‚้›ฃใ—ใ„ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:42
But in this lesson today,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€
00:44
I'm going to help you know exactly how and when to use contractions,
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝข ใ‚’ใ„ใคใ€ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹
00:48
plus why you should,
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ใ‹ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใชใœใใ†ใ™ในใใ‹ใ‚’ๆญฃ็ขบใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ”ฏๆด
00:50
and we'll go over a variety of standard and
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ใ—ใ€ ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆจ™ๆบ–ใŠใ‚ˆใณ
00:55
non-standard contractions. I'll explain more about that in a moment,
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้žๆจ™ๆบ–ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™. ใ“ใ‚Œ ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏๅพŒใง่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—
00:59
but you'll get to learn a list of commonly used contractions so that you can
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—
01:04
easily understand them in conversations and use them as well.
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ใฆใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็†่งฃใ—ใ€ ๅŒๆง˜ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:15
[Inaudible].
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01:15
Let's start right away with how contractions work.
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[่žใ“ใˆใชใ„]ใ€‚
ๅŽ็ธฎใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ™ใใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:18
The truth is contractions come from lazy speech in
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็œŸๅฎŸใฏใ€ๅŽ็ธฎ ใฏใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใงใฎๆ€ ๆƒฐใชใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‹ใ‚‰ๆฅใฆ
01:23
casual conversation. We're likely to do two things.
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ใ„ใพใ™. ็งใŸใกใฏ 2ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:27
We're more likely to reduce sounds,
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็งใŸใกใฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฐใ•ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€
01:29
which means to say them quieter or softer.
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ๆŸ”ใ‚‰ใ‹ใใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:32
And we're likely to elide some sounds,
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ใพใŸใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’้™คๅค–ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:35
which means we completely remove them.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:38
We do this so that our words are easier to say,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ ่จ€่‘‰ใŒ่จ€ใ„ใ‚„ใ™ใ
01:43
and we can say them faster.
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ใ€้€Ÿใ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:45
Think of all those times you felt frustrated by English speakers who speak
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่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใŒๆ—ฉๅฃใง่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซใ‚คใƒฉใ‚คใƒฉใ—
01:50
too fast.
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ใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:52
It may be a result of using a large number of
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ไฝฟใฃใŸ็ตๆžœใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’
01:56
contractions, but the good news is,
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01:59
as you become aware of contractions,
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ๆ„่ญ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ไผš่ฉฑ
02:01
not only will you understand conversations more easily,
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ใŒ็†่งฃใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ ่‹ฑไผš่ฉฑใซ
02:05
but you'll also be able to use them in your own English conversations as well.
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ใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
02:10
Although contractions can be challenging to understand or notice
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ๅŽ็ธฎใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฏไผš่ฉฑใง ็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ‚Šๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ้›ฃใ—ใ„
02:15
in conversations initially, thankfully, they're very obvious in writing.
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ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใŸใ„ใ“ใจใซใ€ๆ›ธ้ขใงใฏ้žๅธธใซๆ˜Ž็™ฝใงใ™.
02:20
In writing,
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ๆ›ธ้ข
02:21
we indicate the missing letters or sounds with an apostrophe again,
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ใงใฏใ€ๆฌ ่ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚„ ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ†ใณใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใง็คบใ—ใพใ™
02:26
think about those examples of I'm, don't, name's.
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ใ€‚I'm, don't, name's ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:31
The one thing we need to be careful of in writing is that we don't confuse
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ๆ›ธ้ขใงๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ 1 ใค ใฏ
02:35
contractions with the possessive form in English.
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ใ€ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใจ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅฝขใ‚’ๆททๅŒใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:40
The possessive is when we're talking about something that belongs to someone,
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ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ใซๅฑžใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
02:45
for example, you could say this pen belongs to Annemarie,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒšใƒณใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใซๅฑžใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใฎใƒšใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†
02:50
but it's more common and much easier to say this is Annemarie's
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ๆ–นใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ€ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ ็ฐกๅ˜
02:55
pen. In that example, I'm also using an apostrophe,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎไพ‹ใง ใฏใ‚ขใƒใ‚นใƒˆใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
03:00
but in this case it shows belonging or possession.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ ๆ‰€ๅฑžใพใŸใฏๆ‰€ๆœ‰ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:04
So we do need to be careful in writing of distinguishing
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ใใฎ ใŸใ‚
03:08
contractions,
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ใ€
03:10
where we are indicating missing sounds or letters and the
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้Ÿณใ‚„ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎๆฌ ่ฝใจ
03:14
possessive form. As we continue today,
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ๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๅฝขใ‚’็คบใ™็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฎๅŒบๅˆฅใ‚’ๆ›ธใ้š›ใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚็ถšใ‘ใฆ
03:17
we will be talking about whether you should or can use contractions in writing.
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ใ€ๆ›ธ้ขใง็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:22
But for now I have one more thing I want to add about how contractions work.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ไปŠใฎ ใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ๅŽ็ธฎใฎไป•็ต„ใฟใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใค่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใŸใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:28
Again, contractions happen because we are lazy and casual in our
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซ ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ€ ๆƒฐใงใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€้™ฃ็—›ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใพใ™
03:32
conversation. Over time,
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ใ€‚ ๆ™‚้–“ใŒ็ตŒใคใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€
03:35
contractions can become standardized.
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ๅŽ็ธฎใฏๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŒ–ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:38
What that means is they are commonly accepted and they can be used in a
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€
03:43
variety of conversations and in some writing as well,
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใชไผš่ฉฑ ใ‚„ไธ€้ƒจใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†
03:47
we make exceptions for very formal or academic writing.
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
03:52
In addition to standard contractions, we have non-standard contractions.
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ๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŽ็ธฎใซๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€ ้žๆจ™ๆบ–ๅŽ็ธฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:56
What that means is they're considered to be extremely informal and should
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ้žๅธธใซ้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆ
04:01
only be used in the most casual conversations and in the most casual
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใช ไผš่ฉฑใจๆœ€ใ‚‚ใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซ
04:06
forms of writing as well in this lesson today,
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04:09
you will learn both standard and non-standard contractions that are often
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ใชๆ›ธใๆ–นใงใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ในใใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
04:14
used, and we'll go over the pronunciation as well.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œ ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:18
Now that you know how contractions work let's talk about when you should use
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็ธฎ็ด„ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใ„ใค
04:22
them and why you should like many of my students,
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใใ—ใฆใชใœ ๅคšใใฎ็งใฎๅญฆ็”ŸใŒๅฅฝใใชใฎใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
04:26
you may be confused about when it's appropriate to use contractions,
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04:31
but to help make it clear.
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.
04:32
Here are some simple guidelines to follow contractions,
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใซๅพ“ใ†ใŸใ‚ใฎใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™
04:36
tend to be used.
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ใ€‚ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:37
In most conversations we have that includes casual conversations with
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ๅ‹ไบบใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใ€้šฃไบบ ใจใฎใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไผš่ฉฑใง
04:42
friends, family, neighbors,
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04:44
and in professional situations as well, chatting with coworkers,
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ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใจใŠใ—ใ‚ƒในใ‚Šใ—ใŸใ‚Š
04:49
sharing ideas in a business meeting,
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ใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใƒŸใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใงใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฐ‚้–€็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚‚
04:52
it is perfectly appropriate and common to use contractions in those
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Šถๆณใง็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„
04:57
situations. In addition to most conversations,
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉใฎไผš่ฉฑใซๅŠ ใˆใฆ
05:00
we also use contractions in informal writing as well.
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ใ€ ้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ‚‚็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:05
You'll see them used often in emails, blog posts,
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ใƒกใƒผใƒซใ€ใƒ–ใƒญใ‚ฐๆŠ•็จฟใ€
05:09
social media, and so on.
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ใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚ทใƒฃใƒซ ใƒกใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ขใชใฉใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
05:11
And now here's when to avoid using contractions.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฎไฝฟ็”จใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ในใๅ ดๅˆใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:15
We don't use contractions in formal writing.
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ๆญฃๅผใชๆ–‡็ซ ใงใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:19
That includes business letters, resumes, cover letters,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ€ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น ใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผใ€ ๅฑฅๆญดๆ›ธใ€ใ‚ซใƒใƒผ ใƒฌใ‚ฟใƒผใ€
05:24
academic papers, research papers, and so on. Similarly,
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ๅญฆ่ก“่ซ–ๆ–‡ใ€็ ”็ฉถ ่ซ–ๆ–‡ใชใฉใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€
05:28
we avoid contractions in formal conversations as well.
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใชไผš่ฉฑใงใ‚‚็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:33
That includes giving a formal presentation or formal lecture
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใฏใ€ๆญฃๅผใช ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚„ๆญฃๅผใช่ฌ›็พฉใ‚’่กŒใฃ
05:38
or introducing yourself at a very formal business meeting.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ้žๅธธใซๆญฃๅผใชใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นไผš่ญฐใง่‡ชๅทฑ็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™.
05:42
So what should you do if you're not really sure?
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ใงใฏใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใฉใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ‚ˆใ„ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
05:46
My best advice is to listen to other people around you.
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็งใฎๆœ€ๅ–„ใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎไป–ใฎไบบใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:50
If you're in a business meeting and you notice that everyone's using
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นไผš่ญฐใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ— ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ๅ…จๅ“กใŒๅŽ็ธฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใ„ใŸๅ ดๅˆ
05:54
contractions, then that's a sign that it's okay for you to do.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œ ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่กŒใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใงใ™.
05:59
So as well at this point, you may be thinking,
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ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใง ใ€
06:02
this sounds really complicated.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ่ค‡้›‘ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎ
06:04
Do I really need to learn all these contractions?
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๅญฆใถๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ‹? ไผš่ฉฑใง
06:07
Should I really use them in my conversation? And my answer to that is yes!
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹? ใใ‚Œ ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹็งใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใงใ™๏ผ
06:12
Yes, you should.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใใ†ใ™ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
06:14
Not only are contractions considered a way to make our speech sound natural,
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็ธฎ็ด„ใฏใ€ ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใ‚’่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹
06:19
but they definitely make our conversations more casual or
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ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€ ไผš่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใพใŸใฏ
06:23
informal. And here's why that's so important.
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้žๅ…ฌๅผใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“. ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใช็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ
06:26
Imagine meeting your best friend for coffee, you arrive at the coffee shop.
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ใ‚’้ฃฒใฟใซ่ฆชๅ‹ใซไผšใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใ—ใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผ ใ‚ทใƒงใƒƒใƒ—ใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:31
You sit down and you say, "Hello, Amy, good morning.
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ๅบงใฃใฆใ€ ใ€Œใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚จใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใ€ใŠใฏใ‚ˆใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™
06:35
It is really good to see you.
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ใ€‚ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
How are you doing today?" Doesn't that sound a bit
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใŠๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ ใกใ‚‡ใฃใจๅฅ‡ๅฆ™ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“
06:41
strange?
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ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:42
Why?
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ใชใ‚“ใง๏ผŸ
06:44
Because it's overly formal.
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒžใƒซใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
06:47
When we use overly formal language with friends,
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ๅ‹ไบบใ€
06:51
neighbors, family members, and coworkers, it creates distance between us.
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้šฃไบบใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใ€ๅŒๅƒšใจ้Žๅบฆ ใซๅ …่‹ฆใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใ€็งใŸใกใฎ้–“ใซ่ท้›ขใŒใงใใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:56
It feels cold and strange.
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ๅฏ’ใใฆๅค‰ใชๆ„Ÿใ˜ใ€‚
06:59
Using contractions changes that it naturally makes our
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€่‡ช็„ถใซ
07:04
conversation more informal, casual.
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ไผš่ฉฑใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š้žๅ…ฌๅผใงใ‚ซใ‚ธใƒฅใ‚ขใƒซใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:07
It feels open and more friendly. So instead of that distant,
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้–‹ๆ”พ็š„ใง่ฆชใ—ใฟใ‚„ใ™ใ„้›ฐๅ›ฒๆฐ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎ
07:11
formal language at the coffee shop with your best friend, you could say, "Hey,
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ใŸใ‚ใ€่ฆชๅ‹ใจๅ–ซ่Œถๅบ—ใง้ ใ้›ขใ‚ŒใŸๅ …่‹ฆใ—ใ„่จ€่‘‰้ฃใ„ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซ ใ€ใ€Œใƒ˜ใ‚คใ€
07:16
Amy, it's good to see you.
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ใ‚จใ‚คใƒŸใƒผใ€ใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:17
How's it going?" That sounds much better now that
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่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
07:22
you know how contractions work when you should use them and why you should,
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็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ™ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณใชใœไฝฟ็”จใ™ในใใ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ่‰ฏใ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™
07:27
let's go over 25 common contractions,
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.25ใฎไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็ธฎ็ด„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟ
07:31
I'll start with 20 standard contractions,
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.20ใฎๆจ™ๆบ–ใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใ€
07:34
those excepted contractions and five nonstandard
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ไพ‹ๅค–ใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใ€ ใŠใ‚ˆใณ
07:39
in these examples.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใฎ5ใคใฎ้žๆจ™ๆบ–ใฎ็ธฎ็ด„ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™.
07:40
I definitely want to make sure you know how these contractions sound and how
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅŽ็ธฎใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ€ใฉใฎ
07:45
they're pronounced.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบๅฎŸใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„.
07:47
Plus I'll include many of them in an example sentence so that you can also hear
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅคšใใ‚’ไพ‹ๆ–‡ใซๅซใ‚ใฆใ€ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใฎไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใจใฉใฎ ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่žใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
07:51
how they sound with other words around them.
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ใพใ™.
07:54
Because of course in a conversation,
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใงใฏใ€
07:57
you don't hear contractions in isolation.
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้™ฃ็—›ใŒๅ˜็‹ฌใง่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:00
You hear them inside sentences. So I want you to get more comfortable with that.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ–‡็ซ ใฎไธญใง่žใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฅฝใซใชใฃใฆใปใ—ใ„ใ€‚
08:06
As I go through this list,
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็งใŒใ“ใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒˆ
08:07
I definitely recommend that you listen and repeat after me.
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ใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง ใ„ใใจใใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็งใฎๅพŒใซ่žใ„ใฆ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’็ตถๅฏพใซใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™.
08:11
So you get that practice of saying these out loud and get more comfortable with
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅคงๅฃฐใง่จ€ใ†็ทด็ฟ’ใŒ ใงใใ€็™บ้Ÿณใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
08:16
the pronunciation. Let's get started right away with the two most common.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช2ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใ™ใใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:21
Recently, I shared a lesson on three introductions you need at work.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€่ทๅ ดใงๅฟ…่ฆใช 3 ใคใฎ่‡ชๅทฑ็ดนไป‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
08:25
And in all those examples, I used these contractions.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎไพ‹ใงใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:30
I'm Annemarie. I'm Annemarie. I'm
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็งใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
08:35
Annemarie I'm Annemarie. My
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ใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผ ็งใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎ
08:40
name's, my name's,
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ๅๅ‰ใฏใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ€
08:45
my name's Annemarie, my name's Annemarie.
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใ€็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚
08:51
Do you notice that /s/ sounds like a /z/ sound?
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/s/ ใŒ /z/ ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
08:55
It has a -z sound. My name's.
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-z ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ€‚
08:59
My name's Annemarie. Similarly,
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็งใฎๅๅ‰ใฏใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒžใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅŒๆง˜ใซใ€
09:02
we have he's and she's. Again,
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ๅฝผใจๅฝผๅฅณใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
09:07
that S has a Z sound. He's.
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ใใฎ S ใซใฏ Z ใฎ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใฏใ€‚
09:11
She's. She's late. We're. We're.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้…ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:19
We're going out to dinner. We're going out to dinner.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅค•้ฃŸใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๅค•้ฃŸใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:24
Your're. You're. You're late.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ€‚ ้…ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:29
They're. They're.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€‚
09:33
They're coming tomorrow. They're coming tomorrow.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅๆฅใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅๆฅใ‚‹ใ€‚
09:38
I'll. I'll. I'll call you later.
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็—…ๆฐ—ใ€‚ ็—…ๆฐ—ใ€‚ ๅพŒใง้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:44
I'll call you later. We'll. We'll.
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ๅพŒใง้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚ ่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
09:48
We'll see you later. We'll see you later.
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ใพใŸใ‚ใจใงใ€‚ ใพใŸใ‚ใจใงใ€‚
09:53
They'll. They'll. They'll call us later.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅพŒใง็งใŸใกใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:59
They'll call us later. He'll.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅพŒใง็งใŸใกใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅœฐ็„ใ€‚
10:03
She'll He'll.
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅฝผใŒใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:08
She'll. She'll finish it tomorrow. She'll finish it tomorrow.
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ใ‚ทใ‚งใƒซใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใใ‚Œใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใใ‚Œใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:13
Don't don't.
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ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:17
Doesn't doesn't. Wasn't
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ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ†ใง
10:23
wasn't. Weren't weren't.
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:28
Even after working over time, they weren't able to finish their project on time.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆไฝœๆฅญใ—ใŸๅพŒใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚ŠใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:35
Even after working over time, they weren't able to finish their project on time.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆไฝœๆฅญใ—ใŸๅพŒใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ๆ™‚้–“้€šใ‚ŠใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:40
Won't won't.
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ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:44
Wouldn't wouldn't.
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ใ—ใชใ„ใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
10:47
I wouldn't do that if I were you.
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:50
I wouldn't do that if I were you.
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:53
Couldn't couldn't.
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ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:57
Shouldn't shouldn't. How's.
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ใ™ในใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ ใ€‚
11:03
How's. How's it going?
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ใฉใ†ใ ใ€‚ ่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ
11:07
How's it going? How'd. How'd.
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่ชฟๅญใฏใฉใ†๏ผŸ ใฉใ†ใ ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ ใ€‚
11:12
How'd the presentation go? How'd the presentation go?
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ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
11:16
As a reminder, those 20 contractions are standard or accepted contractions.
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 20 ใฎๅŽ็ธฎ ใฏใ€ๆจ™ๆบ–ใพใŸใฏ่จฑๅฎนใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅŽ็ธฎใงใ™ใ€‚ ใค
11:22
That means we use them often in our conversations,
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ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใง้ ป็นใซ
11:25
and we're likely to use them in non-formal writing as well.
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ— ใ€้žๅ…ฌๅผใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใ„. ้žๆจ™ๆบ–ใฎ
11:29
Let's finish up with a few examples of non-standard contractions.
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
11:35
These are contractions that should only be used in the most informal
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้žๅ…ฌๅผใชไผš่ฉฑใงใฎใฟไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
11:38
conversations. And in the most informal forms of writing. Number one why'd.
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚้žๅ…ฌๅผ ใชๆ›ธใๆ–นใงใ€‚ ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผใƒฏใƒณใฎ็†็”ฑใ€‚
11:43
Why'd. Why'd you do that?
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ใชใœใ€‚ ใชใ‚“ใงใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
11:49
Why'd you do that? Number two, who'd. Who'd've.
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ใชใ‚“ใงใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผ 2ใ€่ชฐใ ใ€‚ ่ชฐใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
11:55
Who'd've have thought contractions could be so interesting?
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ๅŽ็ธฎ ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใจ่ชฐใŒ่€ƒใˆใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
11:59
Who'd've thought contractions could be so interesting? We'd've. We'd've.
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ๅŽ็ธฎ ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใปใฉ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใซใชใ‚‹ใจ่ชฐใŒๆ€ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹? ็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:04
We'd've
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12:09
finished the project on time if we'd had all the details.
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่ฉณ็ดฐใŒใ™ในใฆๆƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ไบˆๅฎšใฉใŠใ‚ŠใซๅฎŒไบ†ใงใใŸใฎใซ. ่ฉณ็ดฐใŒใ™ในใฆๆƒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐ
12:13
We'd've finished the project on time if we'd had all the details.
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ใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚ฏใƒˆใ‚’ไบˆๅฎšใฉใŠใ‚ŠใซๅฎŒไบ†ใงใใŸใฎใซ .
12:16
Notice in that example, I also use the contraction we'd.
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ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ— ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:20
If we had had all the details,
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŸใกใŒใ™ในใฆใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰
12:25
if we'd had all the details. Number four
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ใ€‚ ใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผ4ใฏ
12:30
must've. She must've missed the train.
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ๅฟ…่ฆ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้›ป่ปŠใซไน—ใ‚Š้…ใ‚ŒใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
12:35
She must've missed the train. And finally,
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้›ป่ปŠใซไน—ใ‚Š้…ใ‚ŒใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
12:38
our last one for today, I'd've,
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ
12:42
I'd've I'd've called them yesterday,
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้›ป่ฉฑใงใ™ใ€‚ๆ˜จๆ—ฅ้›ป่ฉฑใ—
12:46
but I didn't get home till late. I'd've called you yesterday,
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ใŸใฏใšใชใฎใซใ€้…ใใพใงๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใฏใšใชใฎใซใ€
12:50
but I didn't get home til late.
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้…ใใพใงๅฎถใซๅธฐใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:53
And now you have 25 new contractions to add to your English
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠ ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไผš่ฉฑใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใงใใ‚‹ 25 ใฎๆ–ฐใ—ใ„
12:57
conversations so that you're able to say words faster
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็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝข ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€Ÿใ
13:01
and more easily.
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ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
13:04
Now it may not be easy at the beginning learning to say
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ไปŠใงใฏ ใ€้™ฃ็—›ใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
13:08
contractions correctly and feeling comfortable with them takes time.
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซๆœ€ๅˆใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใฏใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.
13:13
So be patient with yourself,
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13:15
give yourself the opportunity to listen to the examples I shared here.
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ใ“ใ“ใง็ดนไป‹ใ—ใŸไพ‹ใซ่€ณใ‚’ๅ‚พใ‘ใ‚‹ๆฉŸไผšใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใซไธŽใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:20
Practice repeating them out loud and say them often doing that will
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ๅฃฐใซๅ‡บใ—ใฆ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ ใ—ใฆใ€้ ป็นใซ่จ€ใ†ใจ
13:25
also make you more aware of when other English speakers use them and you'll
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ใ€ไป–ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชž่ฉฑ่€…ใŒใ„ใคใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆ„่ญ˜ใ—ใ€
13:30
understand them more easily. If you found today's lesson useful to you,
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
13:34
I would love to know. And you can tell me in three simple ways, number one,
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ใœใฒใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ 3 ใคใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใง
13:39
give this lesson a thumbs up here on YouTube and subscribe to this channel.
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ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใพใšใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ YouTube ใง้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:43
So you never miss one of my Confident English lessons. Number two,
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่‡ชไฟกใซๆบ€ใกใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹้€ƒใ™ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€
13:47
share this with friends, coworkers, or family members on YouTube.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ YouTube ใงๅ‹ไบบใ€ๅŒๅƒšใ€ ใพใŸใฏๅฎถๆ—ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:51
And number three,
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3 ใค็›ฎใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ ใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚„่ณชๅ•
13:53
be sure to practice and share your comments or questions with me in the comment
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ใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆ ใใ ใ•ใ„
13:58
section below this video, have a wonderful week.
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ใ€‚็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ 1 ้€ฑ้–“ใ‚’ใŠ้Žใ”ใ—ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:01
Thank you so much for joining me.
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ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ€่ช ใซใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:03
And I look forward to seeing you next time for your Confident English lesson.
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ๆฌกๅ›žใ€่‡ชไฟกใซๆบ€ใกใŸ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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