How to Avoid Common Mistakes in ENGLISH | What are Fossilized Mistakes?

22,463 views ใƒป 2021-05-31

RealLife English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hey have you ever said something like myย  sister has 21 years but immediately thereafterย ย 
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๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์ด 21์‚ด์ธ๋ฐ ๊ทธ ์งํ›„์—
00:06
you remember that in English we say someone'sย  age with the verb to be so you self-correct andย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ณ ์ณค๊ณ 
00:12
you say it again this time my sister is 21 yearsย  good excellent let's move on with the conversationย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•ด ๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ 21์‚ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ข‹์•„์š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ด์š” ์›€์ง์ด์ž ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:20
but wait you have a feeling that there'sย  still something wrong with how you said itย ย 
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๋งํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:25
you keep thinking about it now you'veย  disengaged from the conversationย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณ„์† ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋น ์ ธ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:29
you're so focused on what you said that youย  even stopped listening to the other personย ย 
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๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
00:34
oh right i remember i'm not supposed toย  just say years after the age it is years oldย ย 
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์•„ ๋งž๋‹ค ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ง€๋‚˜์„œ ๋งŒ ์‚ด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:41
but now it's no good the other person has justย  asked you sorry are you listening inside you areย ย 
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์–ด ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ ๋„ค
00:48
kicking yourself why do i keep making theย  same mistake over and over even though iย ย 
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๋ฐœ๋กœ ์ฐจ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ ์™œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊พธ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ
00:54
know it's incorrect don't beat yourself upย  this happens to all of us language learnersย ย 
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ํ‹€๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์ฑ…ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์–ธ์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋–จ์ณ๋‚ด๊ธฐ
00:59
it's a problem that is really hard toย  shake off. Linguists call this fossilization
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์ •๋ง ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์–ธ์–ดํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™”์„ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํผ์ฆํ™”๋Š”
01:07
puzzlization refers to the process in whichย  incorrect language becomes a bad habit andย ย 
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ๋˜๊ณ 
01:13
cannot easily be corrected it happens toย  me all the time maybe like in your languageย ย 
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
in Spanish nouns have genders but this does notย  exist in English so it can be quite tricky for meย ย 
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ณ„์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œa๊ฐ€ a๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:25
like how I instinctively want to say la problemaย  because problema ends with an a but in factย ย 
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๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ ์œผ๋กœ la problema๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค
01:32
it is masculine and should be el problema I knowย  for me these kinds of little mistakes that I
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์€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ el problema์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
01:39
know i'm making deteriorate my confidence i'm sureย  that you feel the same when it happens to you inย ย 
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์ œ ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
English especially if you're already in anย  advanced level it is so frustrating right mostย ย 
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
01:51
times these mistakes don't hurt communicationย  if you're speaking with a native they might notย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ ์†Œํ†ต์„ ํ•ด์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
even notice them and they certainly won't careย  about them but you know that they are there thatย ย 
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ„๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:03
said i'm here to tell you that you can definitelyย  recognize these mistakes you can learn from themย ย 
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02:10
and finally overcome them in this lesson i'llย  teach you why you keep making the same mistakesย ย 
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d ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
02:17
over and over again and how to erase them fromย  your speaking so that you can feel confidentย ย 
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๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
before I teach you these strategies though if youย  like what we're doing here at RealLife and youย ย 
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์ด ์ „๋žต์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ RealLife์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:29
want to take your fluency beyond the classroomย  and into the real world which is to understandย ย 
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๊ฐ•์˜์‹ค์„ ๋„˜์–ด ํ˜„์‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰,
02:35
fast speaking natives to speak confidentlyย  with anyone and to connect to the worldย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€๋„ ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:41
then i invite you to join the real life movementย  by clicking on the subscribe button and downย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ ์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ตฌ๋… ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
02:46
below so that you don't miss out just like yourย  fellow learner Jamg who says that our lessons areย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด
02:52
helping them to overcome their fear and speakย  confidently alright so if you watch until theย ย 
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๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹  ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ ํ•™์Šต์ž Jamg์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
02:58
end you will learn what fossilized language isย  why you keep making the same mistakes over andย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
03:06
over again how you can finally fix your mistakesย  some common mistakes you are probably makingย ย 
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
so grab a pen and paper or note-taking app andย  let's get to it as i said before fossilizationย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํŽœ๊ณผ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์žก๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ pp and let's get to it as ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํ™”์„ํ™”๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
03:22
refers to the process in which incorrect languageย  becomes a bad habit and cannot easily be correctedย ย 
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์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ๋˜์–ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:29
what are some common mistakes that tend to becomeย  fossilized in learners for example speakers ofย ย 
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03:35
latin languages like spanish and portuguese oftenย  struggle with the simple difference between saidย ย 
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์ข…์ข… ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๋กœ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์„ ๊ฒช์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
and tell they'll say she said me something whenย  it should be she told me something this is aย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
03:49
vocabulary and grammar fossilized mistake becauseย  if you said it should be she said somethingย ย 
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์–ดํœ˜์™€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
to me pronunciation also features manyย  fossilized mistakes the voiceless th soundย ย 
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ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ th ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:04
tends to be a problem for most learnersย  so many will say think as zinc or sinkย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•™์Šต์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด Think as zinc ๋˜๋Š” sink๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:11
let's do a little test can you spot theย  mistake in each of these sentences it's rainingย ย 
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ 
04:18
he gave me an advice explain me i have a doubtย  the people is crazy i hurt my feet stick aroundย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏธ์ณค๋Š”์ง€ ์˜์‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์„ ๋‹ค์ณค์–ด์š”
04:27
till the end of the video where i'm going toย  explain what's wrong with each of these sentences
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04:36
so these common mistakes are usually because ofย  what we call interference this happens when youย ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ
04:41
use structures forms words and also sound onesย  from your native language and apply them toย ย 
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๊ตฌ์กฐ ํ˜•ํƒœ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด์— ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
04:47
english resulting in words phrases sentences andย  sounds that are incorrect or just sound unnaturalย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด ๊ตฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
an extreme case of interference is what weย  call spanglish or portugal for example thisย ย 
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๊ฐ„์„ญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ spanglish ๋˜๋Š” portugal์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด๋ฅผ
05:00
is when someone who has spanish as their firstย  language overuses elements of that language andย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ•ด๋‹น ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๋„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
05:05
transfers them to English or to Portuguese soย  they'll basically speak in Spanish with a fewย ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์˜์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ํฌ๋ฅดํˆฌ๊ฐˆ์–ด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
english words here and there now transferringย  elements from your native language to englishย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ „์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
05:16
isn't always bad there's a thing called positiveย  transfer this is when english and your nativeย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ์ง€ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์ „์†ก์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์™€
05:22
language have some elements in common this isย  great because it means that you don't need toย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์— ๊ณตํ†ต ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
make an extra effort to learn something in Englishย  as it already exists in your native language ifย ย 
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05:34
you speak german or french as your native languageย  you will benefit from a lot of positive transferย ย 
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๋…์ผ์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ์ด๋ฏธ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ ch๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–ด๊ทผ์—์„œ ์ฃผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ „์ด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด์ต์„ ์–ป์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
as english historically derived largely fromย  the same roots as these languages for exampleย ย 
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05:47
in German a non-romance language herz isย  heart and licht is light so as you can seeย ย 
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05:53
these words are very similar for a german speakingย  english learner it is not so difficult to learnย ย 
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๋…์ผ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์ž์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
these words he's already halfway there on theย  other hand negative transfer also known as theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ์ด์ „์— ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ „์†ก์€
06:05
interference that i mentioned before is when thisย  transfer results in incorrect or unnatural englishย ย 
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์ด ์ „์†ก์ด ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
false friends or false cognates as you may haveย  heard it is one type of interference so an exampleย ย 
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋™์กฑ์€ ๊ฐ„์„ญ์˜ ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
06:17
of a false friend between spanish and english isย  carpetta and carpet which as you can see are twoย ย 
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์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด์™€ ์˜์–ด ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์นœ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์นดํŽซํƒ€์™€ ์นดํŽซ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
06:23
very different things carpet translate to folderย  or how a friend of mine got in trouble in brazilย ย 
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์นดํŽซ์€ ํด๋”๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ
06:30
because he told the girl that she looked quiteย  exquisite this is quite the compliment in englishย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›Œ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์นญ์ฐฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:35
but she misunderstood it because exquisita inย  portuguese means weird as you can see interferenceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜คํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด e xquisita in portuguese๋Š” ๊ฐ„์„ญ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•จ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:42
is one of the main reasons we fossilize mistakesย  have you made any of the mistakes like the onesย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ™”์„ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋œ ์ด์œ  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ
06:47
that i've mentioned so far i'd love to hear aboutย  them so tell me down in the comments below andย ย 
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์ €์งˆ๋ €๋‚˜์š” ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ๊ณ 
06:52
also see what other learners have said so anotherย  mistake fossilization is something that is bothย ย 
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์Šต์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ํ™”์„ํ™”๋Š”
06:58
good and bad some communication strategiesย  that you might be using what exactly is thisย ย 
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์ข‹์€ ์ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜์œ ์ ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€
07:05
well it varies from person to person a commonย  one that you'd use in real life situationsย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆ์ผ€์ด์…˜ ์ „๋žต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์€
07:10
is paraphrasing when you don't know a word orย  you simply can't recall it you can explain itย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๋•Œ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์˜์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:17
now paraphrasing is actually a good thing it's aย  skill that you can develop to help you carry on inย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜์—ญ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋‚˜์ €๋‚˜
07:23
conversation in english so you don't freezeย  by the way if you ever freeze when you getย ย 
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๋™๊ฒฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
07:29
in a conversation then i highly recommend thatย  you don't miss this recent lesson that we madeย ย 
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07:35
i'll link it at the top and down the descriptionย  below so that you can watch that next however ifย ย 
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๋Œ€ํ™” ์ค‘์— ์Œ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:40
you get too reliant on paraphrasing it can also beย  a bad thing as it might prevent you from learningย ย 
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ํŒจ๋Ÿฌํ”„๋ ˆ์ด์ง•์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜์กดํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• 
07:46
the word phrase or structure that you could beย  using so at first you could say you know the thingย ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:53
that you use to drive the car but eventually youย  should learn the word that you want to say is theย ย 
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
07:59
steering wheel another common strategy is what weย  call avoidance which is obviously to avoid sayingย ย 
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์šด์ „๋Œ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ „๋žต์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํšŒํ”ผ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
the word phrase or structure altogether so as toย  not make a mistake for example one avoidance thatย ย 
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ํšŒํ”ผ๋Š”
08:10
i was making recently was the word for storageย  in catalan i found this word so difficult to sayย ย 
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์นดํƒˆ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„์–ด๋กœ ์ €์žฅ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์› ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:17
that i would usually just resort to paraphrasingย  you know the place where you keep things insteadย ย 
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๋ณดํ†ต ์˜์—ญ์— ์˜์กดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ 
08:22
of saying the word but eventually i realized itย  would be good to actually develop my pronunciationย ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
08:28
if i mastered this word so i practiced overย  and over and now i can say it no problem
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08:37
oftentimes avoidance is caused by not havingย  enough vocabulary you are missing a word orย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ
08:42
saying the wrong one that you need in orderย  to continue with the flow of the conversationย ย 
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์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:48
so if you want to greatly increase your vocabularyย  then i highly recommend that you learn more aboutย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ๋ชฐ์ž… ๊ณผ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
our real life native immersion course now in thisย  course you will learn and never forget the wordsย ย 
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๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
09:00
that we natives really use with real lifeย  conversations plus you'll have so much funย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ƒํ™œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
the best part you can try it for free rightย  now with our power learning mini courseย ย 
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ํŒŒ์›Œ ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ  ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ˆ™๊ณ ํ•œ ํ›„ ์•„๋ž˜ ์„ค๋ช… ์ƒ์ž์—์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ
09:19
after taking some time to reflect aboutย  possible solutions to this problemย ย 
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09:23
our team came up with the followingย  framework recognize reflect unlearn relearnย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์€
09:31
the first challenge is actually recognizingย  what the problem is becoming aware of theย ย 
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09:36
mistake so imagine that you went about your lifeย  always saying i have 29 years until someone wasย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
09:42
kind enough to point that error out to you you'dย  think have i been saying this wrong all this timeย ย 
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์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ 29๋…„์ด ๋‚จ์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋งํ•˜๋Š”
09:49
now of course the problem isn't making mistakesย  mistakes are your best ally in learning englishย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋™๋งน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:55
as long as you use them to take action and toย  fix them so now this i am x years old is a basicย ย 
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10:02
sentence that you have probably mastered alreadyย  however there might be other mistakes whetherย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ˆ™๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
10:07
having to do with vocabulary grammar pronunciationย  or even pragmatics how you actually use languageย ย 
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์–ดํœ˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋ฐœ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™”์šฉ๋ก ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹
10:14
and how you interact with another culture thatย  you might be unaware of when that's the caseย ย 
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๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—
10:20
the obvious question is how can i know what theย  mistake is if i don't even know that i'm making itย ย 
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:27
frankly the absolute best way to overcome thisย  is by getting a good teacher or possibly a mentorย ย 
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์†”์งํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ข‹์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋‚˜ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ฉ˜ํ† 
10:34
someone who can guide you and give you adviceย  now you pay a teacher to identify these mistakesย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์•ˆ๋‚ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํŒŒ์•…
10:40
and help you to overcome them i learned catalanย  all on my own by watching tv series listening toย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜
10:45
music and podcasts and speaking with friends i wasย  able to get really fluent by doing this howeverย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
10:51
the problem is that native friends usually willย  not correct you as long as they can understandย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ต์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
you so i decided to sign up for the c1 examย  and get an experienced private teacher this wasย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” c1 ์‹œํ—˜์— ๋“ฑ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฝํ—˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
pivotal because she was able to identify all sortsย  of mistakes that i had no idea that i was makingย ย 
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11:11
for example if you want to say there isย  in catalan it is if there were pluralย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์นดํƒˆ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„์–ด๋กœ there๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:18
i used to conjugate the verb for the plural eonย  however my teacher pointed out to me that thereย ย 
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11:24
are doesn't really exist in catalan it shouldย  always be in the singular so this is why a teacherย ย 
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์นดํƒˆ๋กœ๋‹ˆ์•„์–ด์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
11:29
is so helpful i've been making this mistake forย  years without any of my friends correcting meย ย 
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
now if you can't afford a teacher right now that'sย  okay i recommend you watch a lot of tv in englishย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•  ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ TV๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:41
you read as much as possible and obviously if itย  is possible engage in conversations in englishย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๋งŽ์ด ์ฝ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”
11:47
once you're exposed to the language in that wayย  pay attention compare the samples of the languageย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์–ธ์–ด์— ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๋ฉด ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์—ฌ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
11:52
that you hear or read with your own and come toย  your own conclusions it will require hard workย ย 
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ํž˜๋“  ์ž‘์—…์ด ํ•„์š”
11:58
and a lot of self-awareness considerย  this as a takeaway from this lessonย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๊ธฐ ์ธ์‹์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ์–ป์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
recognizing the problem puts you halfway thereย  to the solution in other words knowing what theย ย 
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12:07
problem is is fifty percent of the solution theย  next say ten percent comes with reflection soย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์˜ 50%๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์€ 10%๋Š” ์„ฑ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
once you recognize the problem take some time toย  reflect on it think what about this mistake makesย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ฑ์ฐฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:21
it especially hard for me to overcome even whenย  it might seem so simple and easy on the surfaceย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
12:27
it might be a negative transfer from your firstย  language it might be an over generalization of aย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ „์ด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ์ง€๋‚˜์นœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
rule this is actually precisely what i was talkingย  about with a brazilian friend of mine the otherย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋‚  ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:37
day so he always pronounced said as said whichย  makes sense because in the present tense it's sayย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” say์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
so it is only logical that for the past formย  you just need to add a d sound and say say itย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” d โ€‹โ€‹์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
12:52
that's a case of over-generalizing that ruleย  or failing to know the exception to said rule iย ย 
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over-gener์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ทœ์น™์˜ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‚˜๋Š”
12:58
recommended that he listen with a keen ear whenย  he's listening to a podcast or watching a tvย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŒŸ์บ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ TV
13:03
series and not depends so much on his eyes let'sย  now move on to what i mean by unlearn and relearnย ย 
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์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ถŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์„ธ์š”
13:10
it just so happens that with fossilized mistakesย  chances are that you've been using an incorrectย ย 
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ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
structure word or mispronunciation for a long timeย  so it really takes a lot of energy to learn to sayย ย 
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13:22
something in the correct way automatically soย  again use the power of reflection as the pathwayย ย 
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13:28
out of the problem and to a new level of languageย  proficiency imagine you're learning the correctย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์ˆ™๋‹ฌ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์„ฑ์ฐฐ์˜ ํž˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
13:35
structure for the first time maybe even write downย  on a piece of paper that incorrect word phrase orย ย 
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ข…์ด์— ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋‹จ์–ด ๊ตฌ ๋˜๋Š”
13:42
whatever then make that piece of paper into aย  ball and throw it away another important thingย ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๊ทธ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ ์€ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ์˜์–ด
13:49
is to also not always try to look for parallels ofย  english in your first language because that mightย ย 
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์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
trick you into bringing in structures and wordsย  from your native language into english if you'reย ย 
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n ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
13:59
able to learn to communicate in english withoutย  translating from your native language you'll beย ย 
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”
14:04
achieving a breakthrough moment which isย  what everybody calls thinking in english
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ํš๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
so now let's summarize the key main ideas thatย  will help you in fossilization reduction so getย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์„ํ™” ๊ฐ์†Œ์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ
14:19
as much exposure to english as possible throughย  watching reading and or conversing pay attentionย ย 
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ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ์˜์–ด์— ๋งŽ์ด ๋…ธ์ถœํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์–ป์€
14:26
to the samples of language that you get compareย  them with your own and recognize the mistakesย ย 
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์–ธ์–ด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์— ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์–ธ์–ด ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•œ
14:33
then reflect about why they're difficult for youย  finally forget about translating or looking forย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ์™œ ์–ด๋ ค์šด์ง€ ๋ฐ˜์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ๋ฒˆ์—ญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
14:40
parallels in your native language do what it takesย  to unlearn and then to relearn the correct way ofย ย 
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์—์„œ ์œ ์‚ฌ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ
14:46
saying or pronouncing something fossilization isย  an inevitable part of second language acquisitionย ย 
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๋ง์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜์„ธ์š” ํ™”์„ํ™”๋Š” ์ œ2 ์–ธ์–ด ์Šต๋“์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
14:53
so you're always going to be battling against itย  it's okay to make mistakes when you do laughingย ย 
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์›ƒ์„ ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•ด๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:59
them off is the best thing that you can doย  but then again use them to your advantageย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„
15:04
by making them your allies in your englishย  learning journey which means learn from themย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต ์—ฌ์ •์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋™๋งน์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
so now let's bring back those typicalย  mistakes that maybe you're still doingย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”
15:16
or you might have overcome by now either wayย  taking a look at them will probably put you onย ย 
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๋˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทน๋ณตํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
15:22
the right track to fix other mistakes as well thisย  is a very common one i've also heard friends sayย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
15:28
is good or is normal the thing is we pretty muchย  always have to use the subject in english in someย ย 
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์ข‹๋‹ค ๋˜๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
languages the subject can be implied but not inย  english the funny thing with it when we say itย ย 
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•”์‹œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
15:40
is raining is that it doesn't refer to anything inย  particular when we say it is rainy though we couldย ย 
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:47
say that it refers to the day how do you say thisย  in your native language and can you say it likeย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:53
two advices for example if you can it means thatย  it is the countable noun in your native languageย ย 
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16:00
however it is uncountable in english so theย  correct way to say it is a piece of adviceย ย 
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์กฐ์–ธ์˜
16:07
similarly we say a piece or slice of bread orย  a piece of software that's right another commonย ย 
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์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋นต ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ
16:13
mistake that i've heard is i've installed theย  software but you should say a piece of softwareย ย 
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด ํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
a sentence like he explained the solution is anย  extremely common mistake the thing to rememberย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€
16:24
here is that explain is always followed by twoย  so i'm explaining to you the right way to useย ย 
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์„ค๋ช… ๋’ค์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:31
this word in a sentence believe me this is a bigย  one the dictionary defined doubt as a feeling ofย ย 
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16:37
being not sure whether something is true or rightย  and you could use it like i have some doubtsย ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ํ™•์ธ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
16:43
about whether the plan is going to work howeverย  i've seen learners confuse doubt for questionย ย 
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ํ•™์Šต์ž๋“ค์ด ์˜์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ
16:49
so instead of saying something like i have a doubtย  how can i cook this say i have a question howย ย 
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๋“ค์–ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
16:55
can i cook this there are two typical errors hereย  first when we refer to people in general we don'tย ย 
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์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
17:02
use the article the second people is pluralย  despite the fact that it doesn't have an sย ย 
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๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ s๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
17:08
so one person two people many people the wordย  persons does exist but it's only used in veryย ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ
17:15
specific contexts same thing with saying peoplesย  the other thing about the article is that you canย ย 
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ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜
17:21
use it when you talk about a very specific groupย  of people you could say the people of this townย ย 
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๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. of this town
17:27
are very nice the difficulty here is also theย  plural just remember that feet means you're twoย ย 
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are very nice ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์–ด๋ ค์›€์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐœ์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
17:34
feet but if you want to talk about one it's footย  same with the difference between teeth and toothย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์€ ์ด๋นจ๊ณผ ์ด๋นจ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:40
whoever invented this language probably thoughtย  that it'd be pretty funny to make it a bitย ย 
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์ด ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด ๊ฝค ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:44
confusing so what are the common mistakes thatย  you always make tell me down in the comments belowย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
17:50
and that's it for today's lesson but if youย  haven't yet remember to subscribe so that everyย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:54
week we can continue helping you to overcome yourย  biggest mistakes and now it's time to go beyondย ย 
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๋งค์ฃผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ๋Š”
18:00
the classroom and live your english ah yeahย  this means that learning new words to describeย ย 
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๊ต์‹ค์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ƒํ™œํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:07
your english is a good idea don't you think soย  rather than just using the usual words like goodย ย 
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18:14
bad beginner intermediate and advanced todayย  we're going to learn some more colorful languageย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋‚˜์œ ์ดˆ๊ธ‰ ์ค‘๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜์–ด์™€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๋‹ค์ฑ„๋กœ์šด ์–ธ์–ด
18:20
and vocabulary that's going to help you toย  describe your english and the english of
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์™€ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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