TR souding like CHR, DR like JR, and STR like SDR: American English Pronunciation

111,154 views ・ 2010-07-23

Rachel's English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:06
In recent month, I’ve got a couple emails from a couple people
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졜근 λͺ‡ 달 λ™μ•ˆ 원어민이 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 듀을 λ•Œ μ΄μƒν•œ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚œλ‹€λŠ” λͺ‡ μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ 이메일을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:10
saying they hear a weird thing happening when they hear native speakers speak.
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.
00:16
They hear the TR sound sometimes sounding like the CHR sound.
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그듀은 λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ CHR μ†Œλ¦¬μ²˜λŸΌ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” TR μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ“£μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
For example: try.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
Tt-ry.
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γ…œγ…œ
00:28
They say they might be hearing ch-ry, chry.
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그듀은 ch-ry, chryλ₯Ό 듀을 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:34
Try, chry.
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해봐, 크라이.
00:38
Same with the DR consonant cluster.
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DR 자음 ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„°μ™€ λ™μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
D-rive, drive, they might hear jj-rive, jrive.
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D-rive, λ“œλΌμ΄λΈŒ, 그듀은 jj-rive, jriveλ₯Όλ“€μ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
Drive, jrive.
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λ“œλΌμ΄λΈŒ, jrive.
00:55
I hear this a lot myself, and I’m certain that I do myself sometimes too.
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λ‚˜ μžμ‹ λ„ 이 말을 많이 λ“£κ³ , λ‚˜ μžμ‹ λ„ 가끔 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν•œλ‹€.
01:01
To understand why these consonant blends or clusters sometimes sound that way,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 자음 ν˜Όν•© λ˜λŠ” ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„°κ°€ λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” 이유λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λ©΄
01:07
we need to look at some photos of the sounds.
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μ†Œλ¦¬μ˜ 일뢀 사진을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Here we see the T/D mouth position on the left
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ™Όμͺ½μ— T/D μž… μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό
01:14
and the ch/jj mouth position on the right.
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, 였λ₯Έμͺ½μ— ch/jj μž… μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
You can see they have a similar tongue position,
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01:22
with the forward part of the tongue raised,
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ν˜€μ˜ μ•žλΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ˜¬λΌμ™€ μ•žλ‹ˆ
01:25
touching the roof of the mouth just behind the front teeth.
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λ°”λ‘œ λ’€ μž…μ²œμž₯에 λ‹ΏλŠ” λ“± ν˜€ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
In the T/D sound, the lips are relaxed, and in the ch/jj, sound,
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T/D μ‚¬μš΄λ“œμ—μ„œλŠ” μž…μˆ μ΄ μ΄μ™„λ˜κ³  ch/jj μ‚¬μš΄λ“œμ—μ„œλŠ”
01:38
the lips have some tension, the come away from the face, they round somewhat.
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μž…μˆ μ— μ•½κ°„μ˜ κΈ΄μž₯이 있고 μ–Όκ΅΄μ—μ„œ 멀어지며 μ•½κ°„ λ‘₯κΈ€κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
Here we see the R sound on the left and the ch/jj sound on the right.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ™Όμͺ½μ˜ R μ‚¬μš΄λ“œ 와 였λ₯Έμͺ½μ˜ ch/jj μ‚¬μš΄λ“œλ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
You can see the tongue position is different.
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ν˜€μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:54
In the R, the tongue does not raise all the way to the roof.
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Rμ—μ„œλŠ” ν˜€κ°€ μ§€λΆ•κΉŒμ§€ μ™„μ „νžˆ μ˜¬λΌκ°€μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μœ—λ‹ˆ
01:58
It presses against the insides of the top teeth
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μ•ˆμͺ½μ„ λˆ„λ₯΄κ³ 
02:01
and the tip of the tongue is pulled back.
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ν˜€λμ„ λ’€λ‘œ λ‹ΉκΉλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
But in the R sound, the lips also have a bit of tension: they are not relaxed.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ R μ†Œλ¦¬μ—μ„œ μž…μˆ λ„ μ•½κ°„μ˜ κΈ΄μž₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μž…μˆ μ΄ μ΄μ™„λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
They are rounded somewhat, and therefore, come away from the face.
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그것듀은 λ‹€μ†Œ λ‘₯κΈ€μ–΄μ„œ μ–Όκ΅΄μ—μ„œ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ λ‚˜μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
Here are all three sounds.
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λ‹€μŒμ€ μ„Έ 가지 μ†Œλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
You could say, if you take the lip position of the R, somewhat rounded,
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R의 μž…μˆ  μœ„μΉ˜(μ•½κ°„ λ‘₯κΈ€λ‹€)
02:25
and the tongue position of the T/D, where the front raises
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와 T/D의 ν˜€ μœ„μΉ˜(전면이 λ“€μ–΄ 올렀 μž…μ²œμž₯
02:30
and touches the front of the roof of the mouth,
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전면에 λ‹ΏλŠ” 경우)라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
then you get the tongue position, the mouth position, for the ch/jj sound.
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ch/jj μ‚¬μš΄λ“œμ˜ μž… μœ„μΉ˜.
02:40
Therefore, if the speaker is making the T or D sound followed by the R sound,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ν™”μžκ°€ T λ˜λŠ” D μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚Έ λ‹€μŒ R μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚Έλ‹€λ©΄
02:48
their lips may start to round for the R as they are making the T/D sound.
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T/D μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ μž…μˆ μ΄ R을 μœ„ν•΄ λ‘₯κΈ€κ²Œ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
And if the lips round early, which they may very well do,
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그리고 μž…μˆ μ΄ 일찍 λ‘₯κΈ€κ²Œ 되면
02:59
then the mouth position will be the same for the ch/jj,
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μž…μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ ch/jj와 같을 것이고
03:04
and that is why the T/D may sound like the ch/jj.
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이것이 T/Dκ°€ ch/jj처럼 듀릴 수 μžˆλŠ” μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
And that’s why you might hear some native speakers
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κ·Έλ ‡κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 일뢀 원어민이
03:13
making a sound that’s more like jj than dd in the DR consonant blend.
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DR 자음 ν˜Όν•©μ—μ„œ dd보닀 jj에 더 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ‚΄λŠ” 것을 듀을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
Drive, dry, draw.
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λ“œλΌμ΄λΈŒ, λ“œλΌμ΄, λ“œλ‘œμš°.
03:24
And also, a sound that’s more like ch rather than T in the TR cluster.
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λ˜ν•œ TR ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„°μ—μ„œ Tλ³΄λ‹€λŠ” ch에 κ°€κΉŒμš΄ μ†Œλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
Try, trial, trip.
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μ‹œλ„, μ‹œλ„, μ—¬ν–‰.
03:36
I do want to note that though these may be the sounds that come out,
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λ‚˜λŠ” 이것이 λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬ 일 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
03:40
they are not the sounds that a native speaker has in mind when they’re speaking.
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원어민이 말할 λ•Œ 염두에 λ‘λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 점에 μœ μ˜ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
Let’s look at a related question.
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κ΄€λ ¨ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:47
I recently got an email from someone asking about the STR consonant cluster.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ΅œκ·Όμ— STR 자음 ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„°μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ¬»λŠ” λˆ„κ΅°κ°€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° 이메일을 λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
She says she sometimes hears the T sounding like a D.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ Tκ°€ D처럼 λ“€λ¦¬λŠ” 것을 λ“€μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
Let’s look at why that might be.
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μ™œ 그럴 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. T
04:00
The sound that comes after the T is R, and that is voiced.
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뒀에 μ˜€λŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” R이고 그것이 μœ μ„±μŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
T and D take the same mouth position, but D is voiced, and T is unvoiced.
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T와 DλŠ” 같은 μž… μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜μ§€ 만 DλŠ” μœ μ„±μŒμ΄κ³  TλŠ” λ¬΄μ„±μŒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:12
So in other words, tt, tt, only air is coming through for the T,
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즉, tt, tt, TλŠ” 곡기만 ν†΅ν•˜λŠ”
04:18
whereas dd, dd, same mouth movement,
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반면, dd, ddλŠ” 같은 μž… μ›€μ§μž„μΈλ°
04:23
but this time, dd, dd, the vocal cords are making noise.
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” dd, dd, μ„±λŒ€μ—μ„œ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚œλ‹€.
04:29
Tt, dd.
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γ…œγ…œ, dd.
04:32
So, in the consonant cluster STR, what this person is hearing,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 자음ꡰ STRμ—μ„œ 이 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ“£κ³  μžˆλŠ” 것은
04:36
is the native speaker is beginning the voice, uh, for the R,
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원어민이 T μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό 마치기 전에 μ–΄, R에 λŒ€ν•œ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:41
before he or she has finished the T sound.
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.
04:44
This would naturally happen as someone was speaking quickly through a phrase.
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이것은 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해 λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ λ•Œ μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ 일어날 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:49
String, string, I’m thinking about a T there.
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λ¬Έμžμ—΄, λ¬Έμžμ—΄, λ‚˜λŠ” 거기에 T에 λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
Sdring, sdring, there I’m thinking about a D.
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Sdring, sdring, D에 λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
They really sound the same.
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정말 λ˜‘κ°™μ΄ λ“€λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:01
So this is why you may hear a D sound in the STR consonant cluster.
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이것이 STR 자음 ν΄λŸ¬μŠ€ν„°μ—μ„œ D μ‚¬μš΄λ“œλ₯Ό 듀을 수 μžˆλŠ” μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
String, tt, string, sdring, dd, sdring.
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λ¬Έμžμ—΄, tt, λ¬Έμžμ—΄, sdring, dd, sdring.
05:13
That’s it, and thanks so much for using Rachel’s English.
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μ΄μƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. Rachel의 μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
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