How to Pronounce the Word 'TO' - American English

283,118 views ใƒป 2012-05-15

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
In this American English pronunciation video, I'm going to go over how to pronounce the
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใง ใฏ
00:05
word 'to' in conversation.
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ใ€ไผš่ฉฑใฎไธญใงใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:15
The word 'to' is a preposition, so it's a function word. Function words will normally
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ใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใชใฎใงใ€ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใฏ
00:21
be unstressed in a sentence. And the word 'to' will even reduce. Reduce means a sound
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้€šๅธธใ€ๆ–‡ใฎไธญใงๅผท่ชฟใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใฏใ€้ŸณใŒๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—
00:27
will change. So, 'to' on its own: true T with the 'oo' as in 'boo' vowel. But, in a sentence,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ€Œtoใ€่‡ชไฝ“๏ผš ใ€Œbooใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œooใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸtrueTใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
00:38
it will be come to, true T with the schwa sound. Or, it might even become to, D sound
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ไธ€่จ€ใง่จ€ใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏ้Ÿณใง็œŸใฎTใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏ้ŸณใงD้Ÿณใซใชใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:47
with the schwa sound. Using the flap T pronunciation will smooth out your line even more. I've
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ใ€‚ ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใŒใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
00:55
looked at lots of examples to try to figure out: is there a rule for when it's appropriate
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็†่งฃใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใพใ— ใŸ๏ผšใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้ฉๅˆ‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
00:59
to use the Flap T or not? And I've decided you can use the flap T in the word 'to' any
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ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใŒTใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใ€ใ€Œtoใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใ‚’ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใจๅˆคๆ–ญใ—
01:07
time except when the word 'to' follows a word that ends in a T. Now, if this rule is too
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ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒซใƒผใƒซใŒ
01:14
confusing for you, don't worry about it. You can always pronounce it with a true T and
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใซใใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚็œŸใฎTใจใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใงใใ‚Œใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
01:19
a schwa, and that reduction is fine. However, a flap T will smooth things out just a little
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ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใฎๅ‰Šๆธ›ใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใ ใ— ใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—Tใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€็ŠถๆณใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซ
01:25
bit more.
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ใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:26
So, let's look at some examples. We went to dinner. [3x] Now you'll notice the word before
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏๅค•้ฃŸใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ [3x]
01:40
ends in T, so I'm pronouncing 'to' 'to'. True T, schwa sound. I'm not pronouncing two T's.
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Tใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใฎใงใ€ใ€Œtoใ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Œtoใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็œŸใฎ Tใ€ใ‚ทใƒฅใƒฏใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€‚ ็งใฏ2ใคใฎTใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:49
We went to dinner. [2x]
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็งใŸใกใฏๅค•้ฃŸใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ [2x]
01:53
Come to my party. Here I'm pronouncing the T as a flap. Duh, duh, duh. Come to my party. [2x]
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็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ Tใ‚’ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใจใ—ใฆ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€ใˆใˆใ€‚ ็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใ€‚ [2x]
02:02
Much smoother than 'Come to my party'. Come to my party.
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ใ€ŒCometomypartyใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒผใซๆฅใ€‚
02:10
Let's go to the store. Here, 'to' is pronounced duh, duh. Go to, go to, go to the, go to the.
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ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ€Œtoใ€ใฏใ€Œduhใ€duhใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใซ่กŒใใ€ใซ่กŒใใ€ใซ่กŒใใ€ใซ่กŒใใ€‚
02:23
Let's go to the store. I wanted to get more. Wanted to, wanted to. Notice I'm not pronouncing
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ๅบ—ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฃใจๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€ใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ2ใคใฎDใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆ
02:32
two D's here. Wanted to. The first D, at the end of 'wanted', is a stop. Wanted to. Then
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ 'wanted'ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅˆใฎDใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒƒใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
02:42
I'm pronouncing 'to' with the flap T/schwa sound. Wanted to [3x]. I wanted to get some
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ๆฌกใซใ€ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—T/schwaใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใงใ€Œtoใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ [3x]ใ—ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใฃใŸ
02:52
more.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใงT้Ÿณใ‚’
02:53
Did you notice that I did not pronounce the T sound in the word 'wanted'. I said wanted,
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็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆฌฒใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€
03:02
I dropped the T. This is not an uncommon practice when the T follows an N. Other examples: 'center'
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็งใฏTใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€TใŒNใซ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ€็ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ไป–ใฎไพ‹๏ผš'center'
03:12
becomes cenner, cenner. Or, interview can be pronounced innerview, innerview. Dropping
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ใฏcennerใ€cennerใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ‚คใƒณใ‚ฟใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใฏใ€ innerviewใ€innerviewใจ็™บ้Ÿณใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
this true T smooths out speech. Even though I dropped the T, the -ed ending still follows
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ใ“ใฎ็œŸใฎTใ‚’ใƒ‰ใƒญใƒƒใƒ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใŒใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Tใ‚’ๅ‰Š้™คใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€-edใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Š
03:31
the rule for a word that ends in T or D, and is pronounced with the 'ih' as in 'sit' vowel
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ใฏใ€TใพใŸใฏDใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎ่ฆๅ‰‡ใซๅพ“ใ„ใ€ ใ€Œsitใ€ๆฏ้ŸณใจDๅญ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œihใ€ใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œ
03:38
and the D consonant. Wanted is a fairly common word. Don't be afraid to pronounce it 'wannid' [2x]
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‹Ÿ้›†ใฏใ‹ใชใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช ่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œwannidใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„[2x]
03:46
You'll notice many native speakers pronouncing it this way.
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ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
03:52
I wanted to get some more.
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚ŒใŸใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
03:54
I thought to myself ... [2x] Here I'm pronouncing 'to', tt, with a true T because the word before
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็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใซๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ...[2x]ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ ใ€ๅ‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒTใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็œŸใฎTใง'to'ใ€ttใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:06
ends in a T. Notice though, I am not pronouncing two T's. I thought to myself. [2x]
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ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€2ใคใฎTใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ [2x]
04:18
We're going to your play. Going to, going to: flap. We're going to your play.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้Šใณใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่กŒใใ€ ่กŒใ๏ผšใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้Šใณใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:27
Don't forget to reduce and link the word 'to'. It's a very important part of this stressed
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'to'ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใ‚ใ‚‹/ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎใชใ„ๆ€ง่ณชใฎ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใ™
04:33
/ unstressed nature of American English.
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ใ€‚
04:37
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
04:41
I'm excited to announce that I'm running another online course, so do check out my website
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ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๅฎŸๆ–ฝใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็™บ่กจใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ—ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€็งใฎWebใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆ
04:47
for details. You'll find on there all sorts of information about the course, who should
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ“ใซใฏ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’
04:52
take the course, and requirements. I really hope you'll check it out and consider signing
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ๅ—่ฌ›ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณ่ฆไปถใŒ่จ˜่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใœใฒ ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—
04:57
up. I've had a blast with my first online course, and I'm looking forward to getting
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใงๅคงใ„ใซ็››ใ‚ŠไธŠใŒใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ
05:02
to know you.
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ใ€‚ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใฟใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:04
Don't stop there. Have fun with my real-life English videos. Or get more comfortable with
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ใใ“ใซๆญขใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฎๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚ ใพใŸใฏ
05:10
the IPA in this play list. Learn about the online courses I offer, or check out my latest
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใงIPAใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅฟซ้ฉใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใŒๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใซใคใ„ใฆๅญฆใถใ‹ใ€็งใฎๆœ€ๆ–ฐใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:16
video.
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ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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