A, AN, THE - Articles in English

154,175 views ・ 2013-03-08

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
So another question from students.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 질문.
00:03
This one is asking about articles, specifically the definite article "the":
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이것은 관사, 특히 정관사 "the"에 λŒ€ν•΄ 묻고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 특히 볡수 λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜
00:08
when we use it, and when we don't - specifically with plural nouns.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ™€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²½μš°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:13
Thanks for the question.
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질문 μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
Really good one and we get asked a lot about articles.
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정말 쒋은 기사이고 기사에 λŒ€ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ 많이 λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
Articles are very confusing for students because some languages don't use them and the ones which do
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κΈ°μ‚¬λŠ” 일뢀 μ–Έμ–΄κ°€ 기사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  일반적으둜 μš°λ¦¬μ™€ 같은 κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μ μš©λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— ν•™μƒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 맀우 ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:24
don't usually have the same rules as us.
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.
00:27
So let's start with the easy one - the indefinite articles "a" and "an".
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μ‰¬μš΄ 것뢀터 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. λΆ€μ • 관사 "a"와 "an"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
These are easy. You have a singular countable noun,
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이것듀은 μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…사가 있으면
00:38
you put "a" or "an" in front of the noun.
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λͺ…사 μ•žμ— "a" λ˜λŠ” "an"을 λΆ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
For example: one iPhone -- an iPhone.
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예: ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ iPhone -- iPhone.
00:45
[Fairy] Poof! A Fairy.
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[μš”μ •] νŽ‘! μš”μ •.
00:46
Why are you here? Again? You're always here ruining the lesson.
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μ™œ μ—¬κΈ° μžˆλ‹ˆ? λ‹€μ‹œ? 당신은 항상 μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 망치고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:50
[Fairy] Yeah.
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[μš”μ •] λ„€.
00:51
No one likes you.
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λ„ˆλ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ—†μ–΄.
00:52
But yeah, I suppose. I mean, you can count that.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그래, λ‚΄ 생각에. λ‚΄ 말은, 당신은 그것을 μ…€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
One fairy, two fairies...
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μš”μ • ν•˜λ‚˜, μš”μ • λ‘˜...
00:57
[Fairy #2] Poof!
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[μš”μ • 2호] 큭!
00:58
Really?
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정말?
01:00
[Fairy #2] Sick.
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[μš”μ •2] μ•„ν”„λ‹€.
01:01
Okay, so one fairy is a fairy.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, κ·Έλž˜μ„œ ν•œ μš”μ •μ€ μš”μ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
[Fairy #1] Ello mate.
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[μš”μ •1] μ—˜λ‘œλ©”μ΄νŠΈ.
01:05
*high five*
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*ν•˜μ΄νŒŒμ΄λΈŒ*
01:06
That's your first rule.
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이것이 첫 번째 κ·œμΉ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
A singular countable noun we use "a" or "an".
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬λŠ” "a" λ˜λŠ” "an"을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
Another rule for the indefinite articles "a" and "an".
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뢀정관사 "a"와 "an"에 λŒ€ν•œ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ·œμΉ™.
01:15
Remember these are indefinite or nonspecific.
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이것듀은 뢈λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ λΉ„νŠΉμ΄ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
01:20
When you mention something for the first time in a story
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ—μ„œ 처음으둜 무언가λ₯Ό μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•  λ•Œ
01:23
the listener doesn't specifically know which object you're talking about, so we use that.
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λ“£λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 당신이 λ§ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μƒμ΄ 무엇인지 ꡬ체적으둜 λͺ¨λ₯΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
Again, for singular countable nouns.
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λ‹€μ‹œ, λ‹¨μˆ˜ μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄.
01:31
For example: I met a girl yesterday.
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예: μ–΄μ œ ν•œ μ—¬μžλ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
I killed a theory today.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 였늘 이둠을 μ£½μ˜€λ‹€.
01:36
[Fairy #1] Wait, what?
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[μš”μ •1호] 잠깐, 뭐라고?
01:43
We use "the", the definite article, when we're talking about a specific group of something
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정관사 "the"λŠ” νŠΉμ • 그룹의 무언가
01:49
or one singular noun which is specific and we both know which noun and we're talking about.
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λ˜λŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©° 우리 λ‘˜ λ‹€ μ–΄λ–€ λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
So for example: I killed a fairy today.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€λ©΄: λ‚˜λŠ” 였늘 μš”μ •μ„ μ£½μ˜€λ‹€.
02:00
We both don't know which fairy.
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우리 λ‘˜ λ‹€ μ–΄λ–€ μš”μ •μΈμ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
In the second sentence I'm referencing the same fairy again
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두 번째 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 같은 μš”μ •μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
So I say: I killed a fairy today.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” 였늘 μš”μ •μ„ μ£½μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
I killed the fairy - the fairy - because it was stupid.
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λ‚΄κ°€ κ·Έ μš”μ •μ„ μ£½μ˜€μ–΄ - κ·Έ μš”μ •μ΄ - λ°”λ³΄μ˜€μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ.
02:16
[Fairy] I'm not dead. Pretty hurt though.
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[μš”μ •] λ‚œ μ•ˆ μ£½μ—ˆμ–΄. κ·Έλž˜λ„ κ½€ μ•„ν”„λ‹€.
02:21
*Fairy coughs*
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*μš”μ • κΈ°μΉ¨*
02:23
That's blood. Yep. I'm bleedin'.
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저건 ν”Όμ•Ό. λ„€. ν”Όκ°€ λ‚œλ‹€.
02:28
*fairy coughs*
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*μš”μ • κΈ°μΉ¨*
02:30
[Fairy] Call me an ambulance.
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[μš”μ •] ꡬ급차 뢈러쀘.
02:32
So that's with singular countable nouns.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 μ…€ 수 μžˆλŠ” λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
We're being general, we use "a".
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 일반적으둜 "a"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
We're being specific, we use "the".
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ꡬ체적이고 "the"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
But your question is about plural nouns
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ·€ν•˜μ˜ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€ 볡수 λͺ…사
02:43
and when we use and don't use "the".
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와 μ–Έμ œ "the"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”μ§€μ— κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
Easy - you just have to apply that logic to plural nouns.
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쉬움 - κ·Έ 논리λ₯Ό 볡수 λͺ…사에 μ μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ§Œ ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
Remember with singular nouns, we were being general. We used "a".
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΌλ°˜μ μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "a"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
Where we were being specific - "the".
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ꡬ체적으둜 λ§ν•œ 곳은 "the"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
With plural nouns, it's the same logic. When we talk about a specific group we use "the".
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볡수 λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λ„ 같은 λ…Όλ¦¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. νŠΉμ • 그룹에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ "the"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
Example.
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예.
03:03
Uh, let's see.
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μ–΄, 보자.
03:05
Russian people are very nice,
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ•„μ£Ό μ°©ν•˜μ§€
03:08
but the Russian people I've met ,
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만 λ‚΄κ°€ λ§Œλ‚œ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€,
03:10
(specific group)
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(νŠΉμ • 집단)
03:12
the Russian people I've met are crazy.
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λ‚΄κ°€ λ§Œλ‚œ λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ―Έμ³€λ‹€.
03:16
I'm joking Russians, you're cool.
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λ‚˜λŠ” λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μΈμ„ λ†λ‹΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신은 멋지닀.
03:18
Another example: Babies are very annoying.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예: 아기듀은 맀우 μ„±κ°€μ‹œλ‹€.
03:21
Babies are very annoying.
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아기듀은 맀우 μ„±κ°€μ‹œλ‹€.
03:22
So I'm being general.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” μΌλ°˜μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:24
When it's a plural noun we don't use any article.
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볡수 λͺ…사일 λ•ŒλŠ” 관사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
Remember single nouns we used "a" for a general situation?
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일반적인 μƒν™©μ—μ„œ "a"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 단일 λͺ…사λ₯Ό κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:32
Plural nouns, we don't use any article if we're being general.
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볡수 λͺ…사, 일반적인 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 관사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:35
Babies are annoying.
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아기듀은 μ„±κ°€μ‹œλ‹€.
03:38
However
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
03:39
The babies in my family are very cute.
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우리 κ°€μ‘±μ˜ 아기듀은 맀우 κ·€μ—½λ‹€.
03:42
I said the babies because this is a specific group of babies.
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이것은 νŠΉμ • μ•„κΈ° 그룹이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 아기라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:48
General: no article.
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일반: 기사가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
Specific group: the.
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νŠΉμ • κ·Έλ£Ή: the.
03:54
That's with plural nouns.
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그것은 볡수 λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
Remember again with singular nouns:
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λ‹¨μˆ˜ λͺ…μ‚¬λ‘œ λ‹€μ‹œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€:
03:58
General - "a"
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일반 - "a"
03:59
Specific - "the"
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νŠΉμ • - "the"
04:01
Plural nouns:
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볡수 λͺ…사:
04:02
General - no article.
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일반 - 관사 μ—†μŒ.
04:04
Specific - "the"
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νŠΉμ • - "the"
04:06
We use this one we want to indicate a specific group or a specific thing
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” νŠΉμ • κ·Έλ£Ήμ΄λ‚˜ 우리 λ‘˜ λ‹€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” νŠΉμ •ν•œ 것을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 이것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:10
which we both understand.
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.
04:13
Another example with babies.
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μ•„κΈ°μ˜ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 예.
04:15
Imagine you're sitting on a plane and you feel this -
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당신이 비행기에 앉아 있고 이것을 λŠλ‚€λ‹€κ³  μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”. -
04:21
The baby behind me is very annoying.
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λ‚΄ 뒀에 μžˆλŠ” μ•„κΈ°λŠ” 맀우 μ§œμ¦λ‚˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
I say that because we both understand which baby.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 우리 λ‘˜ λ‹€ μ–΄λ–€ 아기인지 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:27
I wouldn't say, for example, "A baby behind me is annoying".
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ "λ‚΄ 뒀에 μžˆλŠ” μ•„κΈ°κ°€ μ§œμ¦λ‚œλ‹€"λŠ” 말은 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
No, I'm not being general. I'm being specific.
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μ•„λ‹ˆμ˜€, λ‚˜λŠ” μΌλ°˜μ μ΄μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” ꡬ체적이닀.
04:34
There are many more rules with articles, and I think we'll do another one later
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κ΄€μ‚¬μ—λŠ” 더 λ§Žμ€ κ·œμΉ™μ΄ 있으며 λ‚˜μ€‘μ—
04:38
explaining all of the rules, but I hope that answers your question on plural nouns
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λͺ¨λ“  κ·œμΉ™μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ κ·œμΉ™μ„ λ§Œλ“€ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 볡수 λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•œ 질문
04:42
and when we use and don't use the definite article "the".
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κ³Ό μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 정관사 "the"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²½μš°μ— λŒ€ν•œ 닡변이 λ˜μ—ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
Bye, bye.
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μ•ˆλ…•.

Original video on YouTube.com
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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