THE CONDITIONALS 0,1,2 & 3 Conditionals + Free PDF | English Grammar Lesson

128,368 views ใƒป 2023-08-09

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hi there, this is Harry and welcome back to Advanced English lessons with Harry.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒใƒชใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใƒชใƒผใจใฎไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:04
And in this particular class, we're going to look at the conditional tenses.
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ใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใงใฏใ€ ๆกไปถๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:09
Quite a lot of the viewers and listeners have asked me to look at and come up with some
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ่ฆ–่ด่€…ใ‚„ใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใŒใ€ๆกไปถๆ–‡ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ชฟในใฆ่€ƒใˆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็งใซๆฑ‚ใ‚ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ
00:14
helpful tips in relation to the conditionals.
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ใ€‚
00:17
Because they are tricky, and they do find them difficult.
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ ใ€‚
00:19
Now, in fact, I do have a grammar course which goes through these conditionals in much more
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€็งใฏ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ
00:25
context, much more detail.
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ๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ฉณ็ดฐใซๆคœ่จŽใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใ‚’่ฆ‹
00:27
So check out the link below if you want to look at that particular grammar course.
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ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
00:31
So we're going to give you an overview here, some helpful hints and tips as to how you
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๆฆ‚่ฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไฝฟ็”จ ๆ–นๆณ•ใ€่ช่ญ˜ๆ–นๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚„ใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
00:36
use them, and how you recognise them.
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ใ€‚
00:39
And remember, what we're trying to do is to help you to improve your knowledge of the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€็งใŸใกใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š
00:43
English language to help you to have better conversations, better business English, and
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่‰ฏใ„ ไผš่ฉฑใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใใ—ใฆ
00:48
better conversational style, English, how you can communicate much, much better.
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ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‰ฏใ„ไผš่ฉฑใ‚นใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š ่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ณใƒŸใƒฅใƒ‹ใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็Ÿฅ่ญ˜ใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:54
So we look at phrasal verbs, all sorts of expressions, and then this particular lesson,
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ใใ“ใงใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚„ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹็จฎ้กžใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ ใ€ๆฌกใซใ“ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถๆ™‚ๅˆถใซ
00:58
we're looking at some grammar points relating to those conditional tenses.
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้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•ไบ‹้ …ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:03
Okay, so let's get started I'm going to go through there are four in particular, okay,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซ 4 ใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€
01:09
the zero, one, two, and three, so four particular conditionals.
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0ใ€1ใ€2ใ€3 ใจใ„ใ† 4 ใคใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎ ๆกไปถใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Zero conditional, conditional one, condition two, and conditional three.
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ๆกไปถใ‚ผใƒญใ€ๆกไปถ 1ใ€ๆกไปถ 2ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๆกไปถ 3ใ€‚
01:19
So I'll explain them to you in a little bit of detail.
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ใใ“ใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:22
But as I said, remember, there is a grammar course that you can get access to.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใ‚‚่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใงใใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
01:27
Okay, so let's start with zero conditional.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:31
So when we're looking at zero conditional, it's the first of the four conditionals.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏ 4 ใคใฎๆกไปถใฎใ†ใกใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถใงใ™ใ€‚
01:37
And usually, zero conditional is talking about something that is factual, okay?
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ใใ—ใฆ้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใฏไบ‹ๅฎŸใซๅŸบใฅใ„ใŸใ‚‚ใฎใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:43
It's something that is generally true, and something that doesn't usually change.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ็œŸๅฎŸใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ้€šๅธธใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
01:49
So let me give you an example of that.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใใฎไธ€ไพ‹ใ‚’ใ”็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:51
If or when it snows, the roads, or the footpaths get slippery and are very dangerous.
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้›ชใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใจใ€้“่ทฏใ‚„ๆญฉ้“ใŒ ๆป‘ใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใ€ๅคงๅค‰ๅฑ้™บใงใ™ใ€‚
02:00
So that's a fact.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚ ้›ชใŒ้™ใฃใŸใ‚‰
02:01
Okay, so if or when, and you can use either them if or when it snows, the footpath gets
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ใ€ๆญฉ้“ใŒ
02:08
slippery, and very dangerous.
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ๆป‘ใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใ€้žๅธธใซๅฑ้™บใงใ™ใ€‚
02:11
So that's an example of zero conditionals.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:14
Something about general truth, you can also say something like, If you boil water under
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ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ๆฌก ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็‹ฉใ‚Šใงๆฐดใ‚’ 100 ๅบฆใงๆฒธ้จฐใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ
02:22
hunt at 100 degrees, it evaporates it turns into steam.
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ใ€่’ธ็™บใ—ใฆ ่’ธๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
02:26
That's a general truth.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
02:28
So if you boil water at 100 degrees, it evaporates and turns into steam.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆฐดใ‚’100ๅบฆใงๆฒธ้จฐใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใจ่’ธ็™บใ—ใฆ ๆฐด่’ธๆฐ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:35
So a good example, again, of our zero conditional.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใฎ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:39
Okay, so let's look then at conditional one, or the first conditional.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏๆกไปถไป˜ใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ€ ใคใพใ‚Šๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถไป˜ใใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:46
So when we're talking about the first conditional, we're talking about something real in present
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใ€ ็งใŸใกใฏ็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฎๅฎŸ้š›ใฎไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
02:53
time, okay.
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ใ€‚
02:55
And it's probably the easiest one and the one that we use most frequently.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ€ ๆœ€ใ‚‚้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
02:59
So we use it with what we call an IF clause that's really important, we'll have two clauses
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆใช IF ๅฅใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใจใ‚‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:05
in these conditionals.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅฅใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:07
The first clause will be the if clause.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅฅใฏ if ๅฅใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:10
And the second clause is often referred to as the main clause.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ็ฏ€ใฏไธป็ฏ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:14
And that's where we will see the word will.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ“ใซๆ„ๅฟ—ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใŒ็™ปๅ ดใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:16
So when we use the first conditional will always see if and will, but not together,
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ will ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ ๅธธใซ if ใจ will ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธ€็ท’ใซใงใฏใชใใ€
03:22
they have to be in separate clauses.
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ๅˆฅใ€…ใฎๅฅใซๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:24
So the first clause if with the present simple, and then the main clause or the second clause,
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็ฏ€ใŒ็พๅœจๅฝขใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ๆฌกใซไธป็ฏ€ใพใŸใฏ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ็ฏ€ใงใ€
03:32
which will contain will, okay, so for example, if I see him, I will tell him, you said hello,
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ๆ„ๅฟ—ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ๅฝผใซไผšใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใซไผใˆใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€็งใŒ
03:42
if I see him, I will tell him you said hello.
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ๅฝผใซไผšใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆŒจๆ‹ถใ—ใŸใจไผใˆใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:45
So that's if plus the simple present if I see him, and then the main clause or the second
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซๅ˜็ด”ใช็พๅœจใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€็งใŒ ๅฝผใซไผšใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ไธป็ฏ€ใ‹็ฌฌไบŒ
03:53
clause, I will tell him, you said hello.
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็ฏ€ใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซไผใˆใพใ™ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
03:57
So, if and will now you can also turn those around, and you can say, I will tell him you
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅค‰ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€็งใฏๅฝผใซใ‚ใชใŸใŒ
04:04
set a low.
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ๆœ€ไฝŽๅ€คใ‚’่จญๅฎšใ—ใŸใจไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:05
If I see him, there's no no difference in that at all.
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็งใŒๅฝผใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:08
You can put the if clause first.
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if ๅฅใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:11
Or you can put the if clause second, you can put the main clause first or the main clause
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ใพใŸใฏใ€if ๅฅใ‚’ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ ใƒกใ‚คใƒณๅฅใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ€ใƒกใ‚คใƒณๅฅใ‚’
04:16
second.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
04:17
It doesn't matter so long as and this is really, really important.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ้‡่ฆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ€ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:20
You separate if and will always keep if unwilling, separate.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅˆฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ›ใพใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏๅธธใซ ๅˆฅๅฑ…ใ—็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:26
Okay, so let's look then at the second conditional.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:29
Now, when we get on to the second and third conditional, they're getting a little bit
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ใ•ใฆใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใจ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซ้€ฒใ‚€ใจ ใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ค‡้›‘ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
04:34
more complicated, okay, so you just have to take your time to understand them.
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ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:38
But if you understand the basic rules, it makes them a lot easier.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
04:42
So let's start with the second conditional.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:45
Okay, so when we're talking about the second conditional, it's about unreal things in the
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ใ•ใฆใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจใฎ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใชไบ‹ๆŸ„ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:52
present.
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ใ€‚
04:53
So something that's unlikely it might, but it's unlikely to happen.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใใ†ใซใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใใ†ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
04:58
So this is our second conditional, the basic rule of it is that it's an unreal situation
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใช ใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ€็พๅœจใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
05:03
in the present.
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ใ€‚
05:04
Okay?
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
05:05
And when we talk about it, we are using if, and would and here's the difference between
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€if ใจ would ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
05:11
the first and the second conditional.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใจ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
05:14
In the first conditional we used if and will, because it's about real situations.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใงใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ็Šถๆณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€if ใจ will ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
05:19
And in the second condition, conditional, it's unreal situations, and therefore, we're
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ใใ—ใฆ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ€ๆกไปถไป˜ใใงใฏใ€ ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
05:25
using if, and wood, but the main rule still applies if in one clause would in another
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if ใจ wood ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ไธปใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏไพ็„ถใจใ—ใฆ ้ฉ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹็ฏ€ใฎ if ใฏๅˆฅใฎ
05:34
clause that never together, okay, so, if in the first clause would in the second, or again,
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็ฏ€ใงใ€ๆฑบใ—ใฆไธ€็ท’ใซใฏใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ if ใซ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฅใง would ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
05:41
you can reverse them would in the first clause, and then if, in the second, okay, so it's
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅฅใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้€†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใฎๅพŒใ€ifใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฅใง okใ€ใคใพใ‚Š
05:48
if and here we use the past tense, so if plus the past simple, okay, and then would with
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if ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€if ใจ ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใ‚’ๅŠ ใˆใฆใ€okใ€ใใ—ใฆ then ใฏ
05:58
the bare infinitive of the verb, so let me give you an example.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใ‚’ใใฎใพใพไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใ€ ไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:04
If I were you, I would go to the doctor, if I were you, I would go to the doctor, so you're
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็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ
06:12
not feeling very well, you're talking to your friend.
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅ‹้”ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:14
And he or she tells you, if I were you, I would go to the doctor.
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ใใ—ใฆๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใฏใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ ๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใ ใ‚ใ†ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
So he's given you or she's given you some advice.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๅฝผใพใŸใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:23
So here we have if plus the past simple if I were you, and then the main clause, I would
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ใ“ใ“ใซ if ใจ้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใช if I were you ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใซไธป็ฏ€ I would
06:32
go and that's that bare infinitive, I would go to the doctor.
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go ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใใฎ่ฃธใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€I would go to the Doctor ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:37
Now, we're using 'were' instead of 'was' because when we talk about that second conditional.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใฏใ€ใ€Œwasใ€ใฎไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€Œwereใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚ be
06:43
The verb to be always is were not was.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏๅธธใซ is ใงใ™ใŒใ€were ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:47
So if I were you, I would go to the doctor.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:51
Or reverse it, I would go to the doctor, if I were you.
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้€†ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:56
So the meaning is exactly the same.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅ…จใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:58
It doesn't matter which clause you put first, which clause you put second, so long as if,
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ใฉใฎๆ–‡็ฏ€ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซ็ฝฎใใ€ ใฉใฎๆ–‡็ฏ€ใ‚’ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใซ็ฝฎใใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€
07:05
and words are in different clauses really, really important.
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒๅˆฅใฎๆ–‡็ฏ€ใซๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
07:10
If I were taller, I would be a basketball player.
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซ้ธๆ‰‹ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใซ ใ€‚
07:15
If I were taller, I would be a basketball player.
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ‚‚ใฃใจ่ƒŒใŒ้ซ˜ใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใ‚นใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซ้ธๆ‰‹ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใซ ใ€‚
07:18
Okay, I'm not going to be any taller than I am now.
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ไปŠใ‚ˆใ‚Š่บซ้•ทใฏไผธใณใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
07:21
So it's virtually impossible.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏไบ‹ๅฎŸไธŠไธๅฏ่ƒฝใงใ™ใ€‚ ้ž
07:23
It's an unreal situation.
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็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใ ใ€‚
07:25
And therefore we're using that second conditional.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:28
And if it's a second conditional, you have to have if, and you have to have what does
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€if ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
07:33
not will, it must be wood.
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will ใ‚’ๆŒใŸใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏๆœจใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:36
And occasionally, it can be could or might, yeah, okay, so if in one clause with the past
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจใ„ใ† ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€1 ใคใฎ็ฏ€ใซ
07:44
simple, and then the main clause, or the second clause would awkward.
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ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆฌกใซไธป็ฏ€ใ‚„ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ ็ฏ€ใŒๅŽ„ไป‹ใซใชใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:51
Okay.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
07:52
So that's this second conditional.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ“ใฎ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใงใ™ใ€‚
07:55
And it's about unreal presents situations, but we express it by using the past tenses.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็พๅœจใฎ็Šถๆณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:04
So it sounds a little bit complicated.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฐ‘ใ—่ค‡้›‘ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
08:05
But when you work through it, you'll understand.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚Š้‚ใ’ใ‚‹ใจใ€็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
08:07
So as I used in my example, if I were you, I would do this.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅ…ˆใปใฉใฎไพ‹ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใฃใจ
08:14
If I were younger, I would be a film star.
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่‹ฅใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
08:18
So it's all about advice or situations, perhaps, unreal, and therefore unlikely to happen.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใ‚„็Šถๆณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ่ตทใ“ใ‚Šใใ†ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
08:25
And that's why we use that second conditional.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:27
Okay, let's
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ใ•ใฆใ€
08:28
take a look at the third conditional.
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3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:31
So we've looked at zero, we've looked at first, and second.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ผใƒญใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใ€ ใใ—ใฆไบŒ็•ช็›ฎใ‚’่ชฟในใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:37
And now finally, we're going to look at the third conditional.
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:42
If you do like this particular lesson, then please remember to like the video and subscribe
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญใ€ใ—ใฆใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
08:48
to the channel, because it really, really helps.
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ใ€‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:51
So here, when we're talking about the third conditional, it's about unreal situations
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ†ใณ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
08:57
again, but unreal situations in the past, and this is the difference between the second
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ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎ
09:03
and the third conditional.
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ใจ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฎ้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:04
The second conditional was unreal situations now.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏใ€ไปŠใงใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
09:08
And the third conditional is unreal situations in the past.
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ใใ—ใฆ3็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็Šถๆณใงใ™ ใ€‚
09:14
So it's either something that happened in the past or didn't happen in the past.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ ใ‹ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใฏ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‹ใฎใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:21
Now, the basic rule is, again, we need if and we use if with past perfect or could be
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใฏใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€if ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ if ใ‚’้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใพใŸใฏ
09:29
past perfect, continuous.
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้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†้€ฃ็ถšใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:32
And then the main clause again, we have to use wood, and we use the perfect bare infinitive.
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ใใ—ใฆๅ†ใณไธป็ฏ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ wood ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใช่ฃธใฎไธๅฎš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:39
So let me give you an example.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:42
If I hadn't driven my car so fast, I wouldn't have crashed it.
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒ่ปŠใ‚’ใใ‚“ใชใซ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ่ก็ชใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
09:51
If I hadn't driven my car so fast.
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ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒ่ปŠใ‚’ใใ‚“ใชใซ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€‚
09:55
I wouldn't have crashed it.
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่ก็ชใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
09:57
So if followed by the as perfect if I hadn't driven Okay, past perfect if I hadn't driven
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅฎŒ็’งใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ็งใŒ ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ่ปŠใ‚’ใใ‚Œใปใฉ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€
10:03
my car so fast, and then the next clause, I wouldn't have and here's our perfect wouldn't
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ๆฌกใฎๅฅใŒ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ€ ็งใฏ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅฎŒ็’งใชๅ ดๅˆใฏ
10:12
have crashed.
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่ก็ชใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:14
So present perfect, I wouldn't have crashed it or my car.
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใชใฎใงใ€็งใชใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚‚่ปŠใ‚‚่ก็ชใ•ใ›ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
10:19
Okay, so my sentences, if I hadn't driven my car so fast, I wouldn't have crashed it.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใฎๆ–‡็ซ ใฏใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒ ่ปŠใ‚’ใใ‚“ใชใซ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ก็ชใ•ใ›ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:27
And this is an example of the third conditional, it's unreal, because what actually happened
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฎไพ‹ใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏ
10:32
was I did drive my car too quickly.
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็งใŒ่ปŠใฎ้‹่ปขใ‚’ๆ€ฅใŽใ™ใŽใŸใŸใ‚ใ€้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:36
And I did crash it.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ•ใ›ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
10:37
But if I hadn't, and this is the unreal past situation, if I hadn't driven the car so fast,
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ†ใงใชใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช้ŽๅŽปใฎ ็Šถๆณใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒ่ปŠใ‚’ใใ‚Œใปใฉ้€Ÿใ้‹่ปขใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใ€
10:43
I wouldn't have crashed it.
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่ก็ชใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:46
And again, like all the other conditional tenses that we've looked at, we have to keep
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใพใง่ฆ‹ใฆใใŸไป–ใฎใ™ในใฆใฎๆกไปถๆ™‚ๅˆถใจๅŒๆง˜ใซ ใ€
10:52
the if, and would in separate clauses.
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if ใจ would ใ‚’ๅˆฅใฎ็ฏ€ใซไฟๆŒใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:55
And again, it doesn't matter which one you have first if, as the first clause, then the
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ if ใจ if ใŒๅŒใ˜ๆ–‡็ฏ€ใซ็พใ‚Œใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅฅใŒๆœ€ๅˆใฎ if ใงใ€ๆฌกใซใƒกใ‚คใƒณ
11:00
main clause second, or the main clause first and the if clause second, so long as if, and
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ๅฅใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใƒกใ‚คใƒณๅฅใŒๆœ€ๅˆ ใง if ๅฅใŒ 2 ็•ช็›ฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
11:07
would do not appear in the same clause.
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ๅฅใ€‚
11:12
If I had known you were sick, I would have called you, if I had known you were sick,
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€
11:20
I would have called you.
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้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
11:21
So I didn't know you were sick, and I didn't call you.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใ ใจใฏ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ—ใ€้›ป่ฉฑใ‚‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
11:25
That's the facts.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒไบ‹ๅฎŸใงใ™ใ€‚
11:26
But you were sick, and it's too late now, because you're better.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ๆ‰‹้…ใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่‰ฏใใชใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:31
And I didn't call you so it's something unreal in the past, if I had known, and so we've
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ ็งใŒ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปใฎ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใชใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
11:36
got that if plus the past perfect.
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if + ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
11:39
If I had known you were sick, I would have called you.
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใฎใซใ€‚
11:44
Or I would have visited visited you.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’่จชๅ•ใ—ใŸใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:46
Okay, so it's that present perfect with would.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ would ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
11:49
Okay, so really good examples of the third conditional.
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ใ•ใฆใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฎ้žๅธธใซ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ ใ€‚
11:54
So zero conditional is about something that is a general truth.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ผใƒญๆกไปถใฏ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:00
The first conditional is about the real present.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ็พๅœจใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:05
The second conditional is about unreal present.
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็พๅœจใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:11
And then the third conditional and this is the big difference is about on real past.
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ใใ—ใฆ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๅคงใใช้•ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:17
Okay, so something general truth, something that happens now, zero conditional, something
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช็œŸๅฎŸใ€ ็พๅœจ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ๆกไปถใชใ—ใ€
12:24
that's going to happen real in the present, either now or immediately in the future, will
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็พๅœจใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฐ†ๆฅใ™ใใซๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€
12:29
be the first conditional, if I see him, I will tell him you set a low.
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ๅฝผใซไผšใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จญๅฎšใ—ใŸใจไผใˆใพใ™ ไฝŽใ„ใ€‚
12:34
So that's a real situation.
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ็พๅฎŸใฎ็Šถๆณใชใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
12:37
The second conditional is unreal present, if I were you, but I'm not if I were you,
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏใ€้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็พๅœจใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—็งใฏใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒใ‚ใชใŸใ ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€
12:44
I would go to the doctor.
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็งใฏๅŒป่€…ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:46
And we're using the past tense to describe that.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
12:51
And then finally, with the third conditional on real past, something that did happen in
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ใใ—ใฆๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถใฏ ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎ้ŽๅŽปใ€ใคใพใ‚Š้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจ
12:57
the past, or something that didn't happen in the past, you can't change it.
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ใ€ใพใŸใฏ ้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
13:02
But so you use this if and would, if I had known you were sick, I would have called you.
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ใ‚‚ใ— ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็—…ๆฐ—ใ ใจ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ—ใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:11
If I had known I needed money, I would have stopped at the ATM machine.
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ใŠ้‡‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจๅˆ†ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ ATM ใฎๅ‰ใซๆญขใพใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
13:17
So the fact is, you didn't and you didn't know you needed money, you didn't stop at
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใŠ้‡‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใ ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ—ใ€ใŠ้‡‘ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€
13:21
the the ATM machine, and therefore you couldn't go to the cinema or go somewhere else.
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ATM ใƒžใ‚ทใƒณใซใ‚‚็ซ‹ใกๅฏ„ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ€ใฉใ“ใ‹ไป–ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:26
Okay, so all really, really good examples of that third conditioner.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใ‚ณใƒณใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚ทใƒงใƒŠใƒผใฎๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:55
Okay, so you need to practice zero, not so important, but just to know it, but the most
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ผใƒญใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉ ้‡่ฆใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚
14:26
important first, second, third conditions and try to practice making sure that you leave
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้‡่ฆใช็ฌฌไธ€ใ€็ฌฌไบŒใ€็ฌฌไธ‰ใฎๆกไปถใ‚’็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใ€
14:32
those clauses separate if and will to separate clauses.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ฏ€ใ‚’ if ็ฏ€ใจ will ็ฏ€ใ‚’ๅˆ†ใ‘ใฆๆฎ‹ใ™ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
14:38
If and would two separate clauses.
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If ใจ would ใฏ 2 ใคใฎๅˆฅๅ€‹ใฎ็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅฟ…่ฆใซ
14:42
Change them around if you like would and if, will and if, it doesn't matter, it won't change
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ๅฟœใ˜ใฆใ€would ใจ ifใ€ will ใจ if ใ‚’ๅค‰ๆ›ดใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ๅ•้กŒใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:47
the meaning the meaning will exactly the same but never ever never ever put if and will
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ™ ใŒใ€if ใจ will ใพใŸใฏ
14:53
or if and would in the same clause.
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if ใจ would ใ‚’ๅŒใ˜็ฏ€ใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใฏๆฑบใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€‚
14:56
So when you check it and check your answers against any tests that you're doing, make
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ๅฎŸ่กŒไธญใฎใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซๅฏพใ—ใฆ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€
15:00
sure the separate Okay, make sure if it's the first conditional if and will if it's
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ€
15:06
the second conditional and you're talking about an unreal present, if I were okay and
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2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€ ้ž็พๅฎŸ็š„ใช็พๅœจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€ใ‚’ๅ€‹ๅˆฅใซ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:12
then if it's the third conditional that you have to use, make sure you're using if with
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ if ใ‚’ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
15:17
that past perfect you have to see it if the past perfect and would with the present perfect
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏ would ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใ€
15:23
and if you follow those basic rules and do some practice, you will be able to understand
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใชใƒซใƒผใƒซใซๅพ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ„ใใคใ‹็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€
15:29
those conditionals much much easier and as I said before that I've got a grammar course
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ใฏใ‚‹ใ‹ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅ‰ใซใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€
15:34
that goes into these in much more detail, please check out the link below.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆกไปถๆ–‡ใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฉณใ—ใ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚ณใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ไปฅไธ‹ใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ”
15:38
If you have any questions come back to me on www.englishlessonviaskype.com.
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่ณชๅ•ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ www.englishlessonviaskype.com ใพใงใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:44
Always happy to hear from you and always happy to include your suggestions as this one was
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไธ€้ƒจใฎใƒชใ‚นใƒŠใƒผใ‚„่ชญ่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๆๆกˆใชใฎใงใ€ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๅ–œใ‚“ใงใ”้€ฃ็ตกใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸๅ–œใ‚“ใงใ”ๆๆกˆใ‚’ใ•ใ›ใฆใ„ใŸใ ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”
15:47
a suggestion from some of our listeners and our readers okay thanks for listening thanks
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4849
ๆธ…่ดใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใพใŸ
15:52
for joining me join me again soon
192
952759
1611
่ฟ‘ใ„ใ†ใกใซใ”ๅ‚ๅŠ ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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