Vocabulary: Learn 10 words that come from "BACK"

157,470 views ใƒป 2017-03-16

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
00:02
I'm Gill at www.engvid.com.
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์ €๋Š” www.engvid.com์˜ Gill์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
And today we're having a lesson on the use of the word "back".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋’ค๋กœ"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
We've already given you a lesson on the word "back" in different parts of speech, so do
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์—์„œ "back"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
00:18
have a look for that if you haven't already seen it.
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์•„์ง ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:22
This lesson is about words which are based on the word "back" or they begin with "back".
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์ด ๋‹จ์›์€ "back"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ "back"์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
So, let's have a look at a few examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
First of all, if you say: "That man has no backbone!"
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์šฐ์„ , "์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด!"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
00:42
Your backbone is your spine that runs down the back of your body, and it sort of holds
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๋“ฑ๋ผˆ๋Š” ๋ชธ ๋’ค์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ฒ™์ถ”์ด๋ฉฐ , ์ฒ™์ถ”๋Š” ๋ชธ์„
00:50
you upright.
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๋˜‘๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
So if you think literally someone has no backbone, they're going to go over like that, but this
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ง ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐˆ ํ…๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€
01:01
is used in a metaphorical sense, not a literal sense.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์€์œ ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So if you describe someone as having no backbone, it means they're not a very strong person.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ผˆ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
You can easily make them do things, or stop them doing things.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์„ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ผ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
They don't sort of have a mind of their own or they don't have a strong will.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
You can push them around, that sort of thing.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒƒ.
01:32
They're a bit weak.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
So, no backbone is quite a bad criticism of anybody.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฑ๋ณธ๋„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์œ ๋น„ํŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:42
Second example, if you're applying for a job, usually:
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ง์—…์— ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
"Your job application will require the backing of two referees."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ง์—… ์ง€์›์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์‹ฌํŒ์˜ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:56
Meaning people who will give you a reference, maybe people you have worked with before who
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ผ์„
02:05
will say how well you did your job, what sort of person you are.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด ์ค„ ์ด์ „์— ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Hopefully they will say nice things.
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๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Otherwise, you wouldn't choose them to give you references.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ฐธ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:18
So when you fill in an application form, you often have to put the name and address, and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€์›์„œ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ๋•Œ
02:25
job title of two referees.
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๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ์‹ฌ์‚ฌ์œ„์›์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ฃผ์†Œ, ์ง์ฑ…์„ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
02:30
So the backing of referees means the support, the telling the new company about you, and
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ฌํŒ์˜ ์ง€์›์€ ์ง€์›, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:40
helping you to get the new job.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง์—…์„ ์–ป๋„๋ก ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
02:44
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
02:46
Another business-related one, if you want to find out more information about a company,
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๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:55
you can ask somebody:
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
"Could you give me some background information on the company?"
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" ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
03:03
So, information tells you really what it means.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
Background means just general information about maybe when the company was started;
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
what does the company do, what is their business, how many people work there, do they have one
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ฉฐ, ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
03:24
building in one city or several buildings in different cities?
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ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์— ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:30
All the sort of background, maybe a bit historical; what has happened in the past?
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ ; ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:37
Are they on the stock market?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์‹ ์‹œ์žฅ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:39
That sort of thing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ.
03:40
Background information. Okay.
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ •๋ณด. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:45
Next example, sometimes when a government decide to do something new, a new policy,
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:54
sometimes people don't like it very much and it can cause demonstrations, riots, all sorts
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ์‹œ์œ„, ํญ๋™ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜
04:02
of things.
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์˜ ์ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
It can cause bad things to happen.
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๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
People react to the new policy.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
So if you say: "The government's new policy could result in a backlash."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์ •๋ถ€์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด. ๋งˆ์น˜
04:18
that's like if you're using a whip...
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์ฑ„์ฐ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
04:22
The whip which does a lash, you lash something with a whip.
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์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ„์ฐ, ์ฑ„์ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์ฐ์งˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
If it comes back at you and hits you, that is a backlash.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋Œ์•„์™€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
So, the government is doing this, and it comes back at them and something bad happens.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
A bad result, basically.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
A backlash is a bad result from something.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:48
And finally in this first half of the lesson, if I have been on holiday for two weeks and
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ์ „๋ฐ˜๋ถ€์—์„œ 2์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ 
04:56
I come back, and my desk has got lots of papers mounted up, lots of emails on the computer,
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๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์„œ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:07
lots of work to do because I've been away: "I have a huge backlog of work!"
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ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ถ€์žฌ ์ค‘: "์ž‘์—…์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ€๋ฆฐ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!"
05:16
It means just lots of work that has come in while I have been away.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:23
Why did I bother going on holiday?
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์™œ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ท€์ฐฎ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:25
I got all this extra work to do now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
A backlog.
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๋ฐฑ๋กœ๊ทธ.
05:30
So it's best to avoid a backlog if you can, but not going on holiday is not so nice.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ๋กœ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
But when you think sometimes: "What will it be like when I go back?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ " ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ์ง€? ํ•  ์ผ์ด
05:44
There'll be so much to do", so that's a backlog.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์„ ํ…๋ฐ "๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐฑ๋กœ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
Okay, we'll move on to the next few examples.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Okay, so you'll see I am now carrying my backpack to illustrate the next sentence.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ์„ ๋ฉ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
So, let's see what it is.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ณด์ž.
06:06
"He is going to backpack around India."
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ธ๋„ ์ „์—ญ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:13
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
06:14
And that's what you do if you're travelling just with a pack on your back like this, so
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ๋งŒ ๋“ฑ์— ์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
06:23
you're travelling very light and you're just getting buses, you're walking, you're maybe
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ€๋ณ๊ฒŒ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑท๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:31
getting rides in cars and lorries, backpack.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋‚˜ ํ™”๋ฌผ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ.
06:36
And this...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€...
06:37
This is all that you have with you.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌํ–‰
06:39
No suitcases or anything like that.
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๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
So, it's a very popular way of travelling if you're feeling quite brave and you're happy
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฝค ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
06:50
just to go day to day seeing different places.
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๋งค์ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
Okay, so that's a backpack.
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์ž, ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
06:59
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:01
And next sentence...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ...
07:05
Now, this is a little bit rude.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
So sometimes I hear people saying this word: "backside" because they've put "back" and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด "๋’ท๋ฉด"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "๋’ค"์™€
07:16
"side" together, and because English is not their first language, they don't realize that
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"์˜†"์„ ํ•ฉ์นœ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
07:24
"backside" as one word has a very specific meaning.
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"๋’ท๋ฉด"์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ.
07:30
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:32
And it's actually your bottom.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
07:42
Bottom.
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๋งจ ์•„๋ž˜.
07:43
Or some people even say "B-T-M" without saying the word.
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๋˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  "B-T-M"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:51
BTM, bottom.
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BTM, ํ•˜๋‹จ.
07:55
"Backside" has this particular meaning, and it's slightly slang, a little bit rude.
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"Backside"๋Š” ์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์†์–ด์ด๊ณ  ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ฌด๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
You don't generally use it in polite society, so you have to be careful who you are with
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ์‹œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:10
when you use it.
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.
08:11
If you're with friends, it's probably okay.
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์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
So, here: "She fell down on her backside!"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ: "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋’ท๋ฉด์— ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๋‹ค!" ๊ณ ํ†ต
08:22
Could be painful.
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์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
08:26
That's what it means.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
She fell down on her bottom.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์กŒ๋‹ค.
08:31
Another word we use: "posterior", but that's a very...
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” "ํ›„๋ถ€"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ...
08:37
Oh, elite word that comes from Latin.
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์˜ค, ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด์—์„œ ์˜จ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
"Posterior", but it's a bit of a jokey word as well.
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"Posterior", ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์šฐ์Šค๊ฝ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
So, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
08:52
All these different words.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค.
08:55
"Backside", be careful how you use it.
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"๋’ท๋ฉด", ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
08:58
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
08:59
Now, next one, if someone is trying to explain something to you that's really complicated
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์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ณต์žก
09:06
and you have to concentrate very hard, and then at some point you think:
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
09:13
"I don't understand this.
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"์ดํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
09:16
I need this person to start again from the beginning, and see if I understand it next time."
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค."
09:23
So you can say:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
09:26
"I've lost the thread of your explanation",
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์˜ ์‹ค์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
the thread, it's like a piece of cotton.
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์‹ค์€ ์†œ ์กฐ๊ฐ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Cotton that you sew with.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฐ”๋Š์งˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉด.
09:37
And as they're explaining, you have this sort of idea of a thread, but if you sort of lose
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์Šค๋ ˆ๋“œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ผ์ข…์˜
09:45
your concentration, you can say:
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์ง‘์ค‘๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์œผ๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
"I've lost the thread of your explanation - can we backtrack, please?"
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09:54
Meaning: Can we go back?
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์˜๋ฏธ: ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:57
Tracks are like a train is on tracks, so if you backtrack, you're going back along some
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ํŠธ๋ž™์€ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ๋ž™ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ›„์ง„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ถ€ ํŠธ๋ž™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:06
tracks.
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.
10:08
Back to the beginning of the explanation and try again to understand.
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์„ค๋ช…์˜ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
10:13
So, to backtrack.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ญ ์ถ”์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
Right.
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10:17
Now, if there is an incident, people on the street fighting or somebody stealing something
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
10:27
from a shop, the policeman...
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์ƒ์ ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ํ›”์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด...
10:30
One policeman on his own is not always the best way of dealing with it.
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ํ˜ผ์ž ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
You need more than one for safety.
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์•ˆ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
So, often: "The policeman"-on his own-"had to call for backup", meaning for support,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ข…์ข… "๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€"์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ " ์ง€์›์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ์ง€์›์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:49
for more policemen to come and policewomen maybe.
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.
10:53
Why not?
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์™œ ์•ˆ ๋ผ?
10:54
To come and help because it's too much for one person to deal with.
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ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™€์„œ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:59
So, "to call for backup" is to call for extra people to come and help.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์ง€์› ์š”์ฒญ"์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์™€์„œ ๋„์™€๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
11:07
And then finally, if you imagine you're doing a building project, maybe it's an old house
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑด์ถ• ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ์ง‘์„
11:17
that you have bought and you want to modernize it, but as you start working you find that
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๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜„๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
11:24
you have to get rid of a lot of things, you have to take the plaster off the walls, there
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์น˜์›Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒฝ์—์„œ ์„๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋–ผ์–ด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:31
are all sorts of problems.
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์˜จ๊ฐ– ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
It's as if you're almost demolishing the house before you can rebuild it.
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์ง‘์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง“๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ง‘์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฒ ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
So, you can say: "I think we're going backwards rather than forwards with this building project!"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
We're having to go backwards, take it back before we can start building again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์ง“๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋’ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทผ์‚ฌํ•œ ํ˜„๋Œ€์‹ ์ฃผํƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ง“๊ธฐ
11:55
Bring it down almost to the ground before we can start building it up again as a nice
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์ „์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์œผ์„ธ์š”
12:01
modern house.
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.
12:02
So, "backwards" you can use in all sorts of context.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๊ฑฐ๊พธ๋กœ" ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ปจํ…์ŠคํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
If I'm walking backwards, I'm going like that, obviously.
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๋’ท๊ฑธ์Œ์งˆ ์น˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์ง€.
12:11
Forwards like that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
12:14
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:15
So, I hope these examples have been useful for you.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
If you'd like to do a quiz, please go to the website, www.engvid.com.
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ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:25
And if you'd like to subscribe to my YouTube channel, that would be great.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
And hope to see you again very soon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:34
Bye for now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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