English Vocabulary: CLIMATE CHANGE

142,015 views ใƒป 2022-04-04

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Hello. I'm Gill at engVid. And, today, we have a lesson on some
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€‚ engVid ใฎใ‚ฎใƒซใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
00:06
vocabulary, and it's all connected with climate change.
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ใ™ในใฆๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใซ้–ข้€ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.
00:11
So, if you... you probably know a lot about this subject
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ ใ“ใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒžใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ™ใงใซใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
00:15
already, but if English isn't your first language, then this
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใŒ ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
00:21
might be useful for you to teach you some of the main terms which
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00:27
are used in English to do with climate change, which is also
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไธปใช็”จ่ชžใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจไพฟๅˆฉใงใ™ใ€‚
00:32
called "global warming", because the problem is that the
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ใ€Œๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ€ใจใ‚‚ๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹• ใฎๅ•้กŒใฏใ€
00:38
temperature is rising gradually, but... but definitely. So,
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ๆฐ—ๆธฉใŒๅพใ€…ใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ—ใ‹ใ—...ใ—ใ‹ใ—้–“้•ใ„ใชใ. ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
00:44
"climate change" is to do with global warming; the temperature
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ใ€Œๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใ€ใฏ ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใซ้–ขไฟ‚ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฐ—ๆธฉ
00:50
rising. Okay. And one of the main reasons for it is that for
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ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใฎ ไธปใช็†็”ฑใฎ 1 ใคใฏใ€
00:58
many years now, we've been using what are called "fossil fuels",
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ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใฎ้–“ใ€็Ÿณๆฒนใ‚„ใ‚ฌใ‚นใ€็Ÿณ็‚ญ ใชใฉใฎใ„ใ‚ใ‚†ใ‚‹ใ€ŒๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใ€
01:04
which are things like oil and gas, and coal. And I think
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ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใŸใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
01:10
caught... coal goes back a very long time, more than 100 years,
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ๆ•ใพใฃใŸ็Ÿณ็‚ญใฏ 100 ๅนดไปฅไธŠใ‚‚ๅ‰ใซใ•ใ‹ใฎใผใ‚Š
01:16
and causes a lot of air pollution. Okay. So, the "fossil
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ใ€ๅคšใใฎๅคงๆฐ—ๆฑšๆŸ“ใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€ŒๅŒ–็Ÿณ
01:21
fuels" are the things we... we need to try to stop using, and
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็‡ƒๆ–™ใ€ใฏใ€็งใŸใก ใŒไฝฟ็”จใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ€็‰นใซ็Ÿณ็‚ญใฎๆŽกๆŽ˜ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎ
01:27
to stop... especially mining for coal; no more digging coal out
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ๅœฐ้ขใ‹ใ‚‰็Ÿณ็‚ญใ‚’
01:33
of the ground, and burning it for... for power. Okay? Because
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ๆŽ˜ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใฆ็‡ƒใ‚„ใ™ๅฟ…่ฆ ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“...้›ปๅŠ›ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
01:39
all of those produce CO2, which is the chemical formula for
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ในใฆใ€ไบŒ้…ธๅŒ–็‚ญ็ด  ใฎๅŒ–ๅญฆๅผ
01:45
carbon dioxide, which goes into the atmosphere, and it just
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ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ CO2 ใ‚’็”Ÿๆˆใ— ใ€ๅคงๆฐ—ไธญใซๆ”พๅ‡บใ•ใ‚Œใ€
01:52
makes things warm up even more, what are called "greenhouse
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ใ€ŒๆธฉๅฎคๅŠนๆžœใ‚ฌใ‚นใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ•ใ‚‰ใซๆš–ใ‚
01:58
gases". If you think of a greenhouse, which is a sort of
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒžใƒˆใ€ๆžœ็‰ฉใ€ๆš–ใ‹ใ„้›ฐๅ›ฒๆฐ—ใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€ใใฎไป–ใฎๆค็‰ฉใชใฉใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใ‚‹ๆธฉๅฎค ใฎไธ€็จฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹
02:05
glasshouse that you grow things in โ€” things like tomatoes,
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ๆธฉๅฎคใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใงใงใ
02:10
fruit, other plants that like a warm atmosphere โ€” so in a
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
02:16
greenhouse, which is made of glass, that... the glass, and
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ๆธฉๅฎคใงใฏ ใ€ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฏ... ใ€
02:21
the light, and the sunlight coming through the glass helps
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ใใ—ใฆๅ…‰ใ€ใใ—ใฆ ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆๅทฎใ—่พผใ‚€ๆ—ฅๅ…‰ใฏใ€
02:25
to keep it warm inside. So, that's why we have this kind of
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ๅ†…้ƒจใ‚’ๆš–ใ‹ใไฟใคใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™. ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš– ๅŒ–ใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใจใชใ‚‹ CO2 ใชใฉใฎใ‚ฌใ‚นใฎ็จฎ้กž
02:30
metaphor: "greenhouse" to describe the kind of gases, such
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ใ‚’่กจใ™ใ€Œๆธฉๅฎคใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใƒกใ‚ฟใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏใใฎใŸใ‚
02:36
as CO2, which contribute to global warming. Okay?
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผŸ
02:42
So, all of this is described as a "threat to human life",
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฏ ใ€Œไบบๅ‘ฝใธใฎ่„…ๅจใ€ใจ่กจ็พใ•ใ‚Œใ€้€ฒ่กŒไธญใฎๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ
02:50
meaning human life is in danger because of all this climate
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ไบบๅ‘ฝใŒๅฑ้™บใซใ•ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œ
02:56
change which is going on. And not just to human life, but also
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ไบบ้–“ใฎ็”Ÿๅ‘ฝใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
03:02
the last of species, which can either be plants, or animals, or
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ๆค็‰ฉใ€ๅ‹•็‰ฉใ€ใพใŸใฏๆตทไธญ
03:11
things like the coral reefs under the sea. A lot of those
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ใฎใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ด็คใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใฎใ„ใšใ‚Œใ‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ็จฎใซใ‚‚ . ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
03:17
different species are becoming extinct; coral reefs are sort of
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ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช็จฎใฎๅคšใใŒ ็ตถๆป…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ตใƒณใ‚ด็คใฏใ€ใ„ใ‚ใฐ
03:23
disappearing. So, all these things that we're losing โ€” it's
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ๆถˆใˆใคใคใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒๅคฑใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆ
03:31
not a good thing for the environment. Okay. So, and one
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ใ€็’ฐๅขƒใซใจใฃใฆ่‰ฏใ„ใ“ใจใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•
03:38
term that's used โ€” a result of climate change โ€” is "extreme
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ใฎ็ตๆžœใจใ—ใฆไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็”จ่ชžใฎ 1 ใค ใซใ€Œๆฅต็ซฏ
03:44
weather", which can be all sorts of extremes. It can either be
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ใชๅคฉๅ€™ใ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
03:49
too wet or too dry... so... too hot. I think too cold โ€” I don't
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ๆนฟใ‚Šใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ€ไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใ™ใŽใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™...ใจใฆใ‚‚... ๆš‘ใ™ใŽใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏๅฏ’ใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ โ€” ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉ
04:00
think that's one of the extremes so much, but definitely things
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ๆฅต็ซฏใชใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ็†ฑใใชใ‚Šใ™ใŽใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Š
04:04
getting too hot. "Heatwaves" โ€” when you have a very high
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็†ฑๆณขใ€ โ€” ๆฐ—ๆธฉใŒ 40 ๅบฆ ใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใ‚‹้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใจใ
04:09
temperature, more than 40 degrees temperature. Some
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ใ€‚ ไธ€้ƒจใฎ
04:14
countries are going into 50 degrees, so that's called a
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ๅ›ฝใงใฏ 50 ๅบฆใซ้”ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
04:19
"heatwave" when it's so hot, you can hardly go outside; you can't
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ใ€Œ็†ฑๆณขใ€ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใ‚‹ใปใฉๆš‘ใใ€ ใปใจใ‚“ใฉๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆญฉใ‘ใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Š
04:25
walk, you might feel faint, you might collapse because it's so
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ใ€ๅคฑ็ฅžใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆš‘ ใ™ใŽใฆๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
04:31
hot. So, "heatwaves". This word is pronounced: "drought". It's a
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ใ€‚ ใใ†ใ€ใ€Œ็†ฑๆณขใ€ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ ใฏใ€Œๅนฒใฐใคใ€ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
04:39
strange spelling, but a "drought" is when there is no
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ๅค‰ใชใคใฅใ‚Šใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ€Œๆ—ฑ้ญƒใ€ใฏๆฐดใŒใชใ„็Šถๆ…‹
04:43
water; there's no rainfall., so everything dries up, and you
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‚‚ใŒๆžฏใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ„ใ€
04:50
can't grow crops, things like that. So "drought", but then the
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ไฝœ็‰ฉใŒ่‚ฒใŸใชใ„ใ€ ใจใ‹ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€Œๅนฒใฐใคใ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎ
04:55
opposite: "storms" where you have heavy rainfall. So, those
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้€†ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅคง้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใ€Œๅตใ€ใงใ™ ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰
05:00
are the extremes โ€” very dry or very wet. Storms, "hurricanes",
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ใฏๆฅต็ซฏใงใ™โ€”้žๅธธใซไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ ้žๅธธใซๆนฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:06
when you have a very strong wind coming. And then because... if
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้žๅธธใซๅผทใ„้ขจใŒๅนใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใฎๅตใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒชใ‚ฑใƒผใƒณใ€ ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰
05:12
it's very dry and hot, it... you're more likely to get
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... ้žๅธธใซไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใฆๆš‘ใ„ ๅ ดๅˆใฏ...
05:17
"wildfires", which are fires that might just start for no
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ใ€Œๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใ€ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Š
05:23
reason. Or it may be somebody has thrown a match on the ground
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ใพใ™. ใพใŸใฏใ€่ชฐใ‹ ใŒๅœฐ้ขใซใƒžใƒƒใƒใ‚’ๆŠ•ใ’
05:29
and the grass has started to burn, and the fire spreads. But
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ใ€่‰ใŒ ็‡ƒใˆๅง‹ใ‚ใ€็ซใŒๅบƒใŒใฃใŸๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
05:33
sometimes a fire can just start almost on its own, and then they
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ใ€ใปใจใ‚“ใฉ่‡ช็„ถใซ็ซไบ‹ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ— ใ€ใใฎๅพŒ
05:39
spread in an area with a lot of trees. The trees are very dry.
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ใ€ๆœจใ€…ใฎๅคšใ„ๅœฐๅŸŸใซ็‡ƒใˆๅบƒใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœจใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ไนพใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
05:45
In places like Australia, California โ€” there are very
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒชใ‚ขใ‚„ใ‚ซใƒชใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒซใƒ‹ใ‚ขใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ ใงใฏ
05:51
often wildfires, and the fires just spread and spread. If the
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ใ€ๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใŒ้žๅธธใซ้ ป็นใซ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใ€็ซใฏใฉใ‚“ใฉใ‚“ ๅบƒใŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:56
trees are there, the fires will just spread. And people with
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ๆœจใŒใใ“ใซใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€็ซใฏ ๅบƒใŒใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
06:00
houses in those areas, they often lose their homes; their
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ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅœฐๅŸŸใซๅฎถใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฏใ€ ใ—ใฐใ—ใฐๅฎถใ‚’ๅคฑใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎ
06:05
homes burn down as well. Okay, so that's "wildfires". If it
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ๅฎถใ‚‚ๅ…จ็„ผใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใใ‚Œใฏใ€Œๅฑฑ็ซไบ‹ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:12
does rain very heavily, you get "floods". So, people go out and
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้žๅธธใซๆฟ€ใ—ใ„้›จใŒ้™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ใ€Œๆดชๆฐดใ€ใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‹ใจ
06:20
they... they... they're having... they've got water
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โ€ฆ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏโ€ฆ
06:23
coming up to their knees or even higher, or they can't go out at
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ใฒใ–ใพใงใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใใ‚ŒไปฅไธŠใฎ้ซ˜ใ•ใพใงๆฐดใŒๆฅใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆฐดไฝใŒ้ซ˜ใ™ใŽใฆใพใฃใŸใ ๅค–ใซๅ‡บใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใชใใชใฃใŸใ‚Šใ—
06:28
all because the water is so high. So, "floods".
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ . ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ€Œๆดชๆฐดใ€ใ€‚
06:33
And scientists think that even "volcanic eruptions"... if you
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ใใ—ใฆ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใŸใกใฏใ€ ใ€Œ็ซๅฑฑๅ™ด็ซใ€ใงใ•ใˆโ€ฆใจ
06:40
think there are a lot more "volcanic eruptions" nowadays;
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่€ƒใˆใฆ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:45
if you think: "Oh, there seems to be another volcanic eruption
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰๏ผšใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ ๅˆฅใฎ็ซๅฑฑๅ™ด็ซใŒ
06:48
every... every few months. Is it more than usual?" Scientists
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ๆฏŽ...ๆ•ฐใƒถๆœˆๆฏŽใซใ‚ใ‚‹ ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ ็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…
06:55
think that even volcanic eruptions could be a result of
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ใŸใกใฏใ€็ซๅฑฑใฎๅ™ด็ซใงใ•ใˆๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ– ใฎ็ตๆžœใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™
07:01
global warming. It's a theory, I think at the moment, but it's
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ใ€‚ ็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใฏใใ‚Œใฏ็†่ซ–ใ ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€
07:06
partly to do with the... if there were glaciers on the
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้ƒจๅˆ†็š„ใซใฏ... ๅฑฑใซ ๆฐทๆฒณใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใ—ใŸใ‚‰
07:11
mountain, the... the ice, the glazier โ€” a big sheet of ice โ€”
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ใ€ใใฎ... ๆฐทใ€ ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นๅฑ‹ โ€” ๅคงใใชๆฐทใฎใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆ โ€”
07:22
if that melts, and they do melt, the weight of the glacier
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ใใ‚ŒใŒๆบถใ‘ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ ๆฐทๆฒณใŒๆบถใ‘
07:28
pressing on the volcanoes possibly helps to stop the
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ใฆใ‚‚ใ€็ซๅฑฑใ‚’ๅœง่ฟซใ™ใ‚‹ๆฐทๆฒณใฎ้‡ใ•ใŒ็ซๅฑฑใฎๅ™ด็ซ ใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
07:33
volcano erupting. But if the weight of the glacier has gone,
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ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ— ใ€ๆฐทๆฒณใฎ้‡้‡ใŒใชใใชใฃใŸ
07:39
there is less weight pressing down, and that may be part of
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆŠผใ—ไธ‹ใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹้‡้‡ใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ™ด็ซใฎ
07:44
the, you know... likelihood of an eruption. So, that's another
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ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฎไธ€้ƒจใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅˆฅใฎ
07:50
thing. So, "rising sea levels" โ€” the sea rising, partly with ice
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ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ€Œๆตท้ขไธŠๆ˜‡ใ€ โ€” ๆตท้ขใŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใ€้ƒจๅˆ†็š„ใซๆฐทใŒ
07:59
melt... melting. And then, if you have smaller islands, in
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ๆบถใ‘ใฆโ€ฆ ๆบถใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅคชๅนณๆด‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅ ดๆ‰€ ใซๅฐใ•ใชๅณถใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
08:05
places like the Pacific Ocean, there are a lot of little, small
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ใ€ๅฐใ•ใชๅณถใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Š
08:09
islands โ€” they could disappear completely if the sea level
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08:14
comes up high enough; islands will be just lost. So, the
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ๆตท้ขใŒๅๅˆ†ใซ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใซๆถˆใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅณถ ใฏๅคฑใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Šใ€
08:20
melting ice is... a lot of it is in the North Pole, the Arctic,
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ๆบถใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆฐทใฏ... ใใฎๅคšใ ใฏๅŒ—ๆฅตใ€
08:26
and the South Pole, the Antarctic. And it's the melting
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ๅŒ—ๆฅตใ€ๅ—ๆฅตใ€ ๅ—ๆฅตใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏๆบถใ‘ใ‚‹
08:31
ice, and very big pieces of ice break off and float around in
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ๆฐทใงใ€้žๅธธใซๅคงใใชๆฐทใฎใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใŒ ็ •ใ‘
08:38
the sea, and gradually melt. And they're helping to raise the
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ใฆๆตทใซๆผ‚ใ„ใ€ๅพใ€…ใซๆบถใ‘ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆตท้ขใฎไธŠๆ˜‡ใ‚’ๅŠฉ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„
08:42
level of the sea, which is another danger. Okay. And then
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅˆฅใฎๅฑ้™บใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
08:51
the other way is, again... so, if... if there's... if it's very
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€ใพใŸ... ใ‚‚ใ—... ใ‚‚ใ—... ใ‚‚ใ—... ้žๅธธใซ
08:57
dry, what used to be farmland where people grow crops for
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ไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒ้ฃŸ็ณงใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝœ็‰ฉใ‚’ๆ ฝๅŸนใ—ใฆใ„
09:03
food, the farmland could go very dry and turn into a desert. So,
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ใŸ่พฒๅœฐใ ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€่พฒๅœฐใฏ้žๅธธใซ ไนพ็‡ฅใ—ใ€็ ‚ๆผ ใซๅค‰ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™. .
09:11
it... it may have looked very green at one time, and then you
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ใคใพใ‚Š... ใ‚ใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใฏ้žๅธธใซ็ท‘่‰ฒใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใŸใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ ใ€ใใฎๅพŒ
09:15
see it looks sort of yellow or brown, and you can't grow
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ใ€้ป„่‰ฒใพใŸใฏ่Œถ่‰ฒใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
09:19
anything there unless you have water to water it with
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฎšๆœŸ็š„ใซๆฐดใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€ใใ“ใงใฏไฝ•ใ‚‚่‚ฒใคใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ›ใ‚“
09:23
regularly. So, farmland becoming desert, then you can't grow
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ใ€‚ ่พฒๅœฐใŒ ็ ‚ๆผ ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ไฝœ็‰ฉใ‚’่‚ฒใฆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ
09:28
crops, so that will then lead to food shortage; not enough food
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ใชใ‚Šใ€ ้ฃŸ็ณงไธ่ถณใซใคใชใŒใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:36
for everybody. Okay.
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ใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใซๅๅˆ†ใช้ฃŸๆ–™ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
09:40
So, you may wonder: "Well, what can we do about it? What...?
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:45
What are the contributing factors?" Well, two of them are
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ 2 ใค
09:51
to do with transport and things that we do at home. So,
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ใฏใ€่ผธ้€ใจๅฎถใง่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎ ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:57
transport, traveling by plane, by car adds a lot to the global
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้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚„่ปŠใงใฎ็งปๅ‹•
10:06
warming because of the fuel that's being used. If, you
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ใฏ ็‡ƒๆ–™ใ‚’ๆถˆ่ฒปใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใซๅคงใใๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ— ใพใ™ ใ‚‚ใ—ใ€
10:12
know... the planes have fossil fuels to... to power them. And
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ใ”ๅญ˜็Ÿฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ... ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซใฏๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใŒ... ๆญ่ผ‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
10:19
cars have either diesel or petrol, which is fossil fuel
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่ปŠใซใฏใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใƒผใ‚ผใƒซใ‹ ใ‚ฌใ‚ฝใƒชใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใพใŸๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™
10:24
again. And there's a trend now to make a lot more electric
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็พๅœจ ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎ้›ปๆฐ—่‡ชๅ‹•่ปŠใ‚’่ฃฝ้€ ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
10:29
cars, where that will be less harmful to the environment.
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ใ€็’ฐๅขƒใธใฎๅฎณใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
10:35
Okay. But then if... if you avoid planes and cars, and go
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใงใ‚‚ใ€ ้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใ‚„่ปŠใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใฆ
10:41
use public transport instead, or walk, if you don't have too far
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซๅ…ฌๅ…ฑไบค้€šๆฉŸ้–ขใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ ใ‹ใ€้ ใใซ่กŒใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅพ’ๆญฉใง
10:46
to go, then that's one thing that... that can be done. Okay.
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่กŒใใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ... ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎ1ใคใงใ™ . ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
10:51
And then at home, household appliances, electrical
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ใใ—ใฆใ”ๅฎถๅบญใงใฏใ€ ๅฎถ้›ป่ฃฝๅ“ใ€้›ปๅŒ–
10:56
equipment, heating, the heating in your house. If it's... if
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่ฃฝๅ“ใ€ๆš–ๆˆฟ ใ€ๅฎถใฎไธญใฎๆš–ๆˆฟใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ—ใใ‚ŒใŒโ€ฆ
11:02
it's gas, then it's... it's a fossil fuel. And then, if your
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ใ‚ฌใ‚นใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏโ€ฆ ๅŒ–็Ÿณ็‡ƒๆ–™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€
11:10
house doesn't have... or your home doesn't have insulation, if
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ๅฎถใซ ๆ–ญ็†ฑๆใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใพใŸใฏๅฎถใซๆ–ญ็†ฑๆใŒใชใ„
11:16
the... if the heat that you have in the house can escape through
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ๅ ดๅˆใ€ๅฎถใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚‹็†ฑใŒ็ช“ใ‚„ใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฎ้š™้–“ ใ‹ใ‚‰้€ƒใ’ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹
11:22
cracks in the window, or in the door โ€” if it's drafty, so you
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ๅ ดๅˆ... ้ขจ้€šใ—ใŒ่‰ฏใ„ใฎใงใ€ๆš–ใ‹ใไฟใคใŸใ‚ใซ
11:30
have to turn the heating up to keep warm โ€” then that's a bad
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ๆš–ๆˆฟใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ - ใใ‚Œใฏๆ‚ชใ„
11:35
thing. So, another good thing that we can do is insulation,
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ใ“ใจใงใ™. ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ่‰ฏใ„ ใ“ใจใฏ
11:40
for example, double glazing for windows; two sheets of glass in
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ใ€็ช“ใฎไบŒ้‡็ช“ใชใฉใฎๆ–ญ็†ฑ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ช“ใ‚ฌใƒฉใ‚นใฏ1ๆžš
11:45
the window, rather than one, and... and things like that.
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ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆ2 ๆžšโ€ฆใจใ‹ใ€‚
11:51
Okay, so... so that's just a very short summary, really, of
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏ
11:58
climate change, global warming, and some of the vocabulary
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ๆฐ—ๅ€™ๅค‰ๅ‹•ใ€ๅœฐ็ƒๆธฉๆš–ๅŒ–ใ€ ใŠใ‚ˆใณใใ‚Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใฎ้žๅธธใซ็Ÿญใ„่ฆ็ด„
12:03
connected with it. So, I hope that's been helpful for you. And
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŠๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฆใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใพใŸ
12:10
there will be a quiz on this, so please go to www.engvid.com and
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ www.engvid.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—
12:16
try the quiz. And see you again soon. Okay. Bye for now.
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ใฆใ‚ฏใ‚คใ‚บใซๆŒ‘ๆˆฆใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใพใŸใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ†ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใพใŸใญใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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