How to use the passive causative in English | Learn English with Cambridge

25,127 views ใƒป 2021-07-18

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:06
Hi everyone, I'm George.
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็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Today we're going to learn the passive causative,
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ใชไฝฟๅฝนใ‚’ๅญฆใณ
00:12
but before I begin, donโ€™t forget to like the video
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช
00:15
and to subscribe to the channel.
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ใ‚’้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
00:18
First of all, how do we use the passive causative?
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ใพใšใ€ๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ไฝฟๅฝนใ‚’ใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚
00:23
And now it's time to talk about my plan.
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ใใ—ใฆไปŠ ใ€็งใฎ่จˆ็”ปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๆ™‚ใŒๆฅใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:32
Boss, your hair looks lovely.
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ใƒœใ‚นใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ้ซชใฏ็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใญใ€‚
00:35
Oh, thank you.
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
00:37
I got my hair cut yesterday.
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็งใฏๆ˜จๆ—ฅ้ซชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:39
How about your shoes?
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้ดใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:40
Are they new?
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆ–ฐใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
00:42
No, I just got them polished.
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€็ฃจใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:47
Your moustache looks really good too.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฃใฒใ’ ใ‚‚ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ˆใ่ฆ‹ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:49
Thank you, I had it trimmed this morning.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ไปŠๆœๅ‰ชๅฎšใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:52
And what a great suit.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใชใ‚“ใฆ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
00:54
Thanks, I had it made for me.
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ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซไฝœใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:56
It's the perfect fit.
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ใดใฃใŸใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚
00:58
Look at these sentences.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:00
I got my hair cut.
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้ซชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:03
I got my shoes polished.
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็งใฏ้ดใ‚’็ฃจใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:05
I had my moustache trimmed.
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้ซญใ‚’ๅ‰ƒใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:07
I didn't do any of these things, someone did them for me
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็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ ไฝ•ใ‚‚ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ตใƒผใƒ“ใ‚นใจใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—
01:11
as a service.
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ใŸ.
01:12
For example, you wouldn't say I cut my hair unless you actually
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่‡ชๅˆ†ใง้ซชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚‰ใชใ„้™ใ‚Šใ€็งใŒ้ซชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใฃใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
01:17
cut your hair yourself.
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ใ€‚
01:20
You would say, I got my hair cut,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่จ€ใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€ ็งใฏ้ซชใ‚’ๅˆ‡ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:22
which is one of the most frequently used examples
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ไฝฟๅฝนใฎๆœ€ใ‚‚ ้ ป็นใซไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ไพ‹
01:25
of the passive causative.
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ใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฎๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€
01:27
You can make your own passive causative sentences using
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็‹ฌ่‡ชใฎๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใฎไฝฟๅฝนๆ–‡ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใงใใพใ™
01:31
the following structure.
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ใ€‚
01:32
Its subject, plus have or get, plus object,
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ไธป่ชžใ€have ใพใŸใฏ getใ€็›ฎ็š„่ชžใ€
01:37
plus past participle.
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้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ€‚
01:39
For example, I had my computer fixed.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใง
01:44
You can use have or get in these sentences.
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ใฏ have ใพใŸใฏ get ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:48
If you want to mention who provided you with
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่ชฐใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซใ‚ตใƒผใƒ“ใ‚นใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ—ใŸใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ
01:50
the service you can say this.
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ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่จ€ใˆใพใ™.
01:53
I had my essay corrected by an online tutor.
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็งใฏใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใƒใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใซๆทปๅ‰Šใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
01:57
You can also use the passive causative to
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ใพใŸใ€ ๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใฎไฝฟๅฝนใ‚’
01:59
talk about something youโ€™ve arranged for
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02:01
someone to do for you in the future using the
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ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
02:04
-ing form of have or get.
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ใ€have ใพใŸใฏ get ใฎ -ing ๅฝขๅผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่กŒใ†ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆ‰‹้…ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:08
For example, I'm getting my guitar fixed next week.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆฅ้€ฑใ‚ฎใ‚ฟใƒผใ‚’ไฟฎ็†ใ—ใฆ ใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ†ไบˆๅฎšใงใ™ใ€‚
02:14
What have you had done recently?
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆ
02:16
Let me know in the comments section.
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ๆฌ„ใงๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
02:18
If you enjoyed this lesson donโ€™t forget to like the video and to
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใ ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’
02:21
subscribe to the channel.
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้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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