PHRASE vs. CLAUSE - What's the Difference? - English Grammar - Independent and Dependent Clauses

1,121,856 views

2017-01-29 ใƒป Learn English Lab


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PHRASE vs. CLAUSE - What's the Difference? - English Grammar - Independent and Dependent Clauses

1,121,856 views ใƒป 2017-01-29

Learn English Lab


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:02
Many people are confused about the
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใฏ
00:05
difference between phrases and clauses.
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ใ€ๅฅใจๅฅใฎ้•ใ„ใซใคใ„ใฆๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:08
Are these different grammar items or are
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ๆณ•้ …็›ฎ
00:12
they just two names for the same thing?
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใจใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚‚ใฎใฎ 2 ใคใฎๅๅ‰ใงใ™ใ‹?
00:13
That's what we're going to talk about in
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ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™
00:16
this video.
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ใ€‚
00:24
Now before we start just remember: if you have any questions at
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ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚่ณชๅ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
00:26
all you just have to ask me in the
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ใฏใ€ไธ‹ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚ปใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:28
comments section below and I will talk
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00:30
to you there.
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ใ€‚ใใ“ใงใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ—ใพใ™.
00:31
So in this lesson we're going to learn
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใฏ
00:33
the difference between phrases and
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ใ€ๅฅใจ
00:36
clauses. But first let's talk about how
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ๅฅใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซๅฅใจๅฅใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:40
phrases and clauses are similar.
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ใ€‚
00:43
They're similar in this way: both of
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไผผใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ€
00:46
these refer two groups of words that are
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ 2 ใคใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:49
meaningful. Look at these examples: near
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ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„:
00:52
my home or Dexter won the bicycle race
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็งใฎๅฎถใฎ่ฟ‘ใใพใŸใฏใƒ‡ใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใซๅ‹ใฃใŸ
00:55
You can see that these are meaningful
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใซใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:57
so one of them is afraid and the other
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ไธ€ๆ–นใฏๆใ‚ŒใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๆ–น
01:00
is a clause
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ใฏๆก้ …
01:02
OK so what's the difference between them? Well
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OK ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
01:06
the difference is this: a clause is a
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้•ใ„ใฏๆฌกใฎใจใŠใ‚Šใงใ™ใ€‚ๅฅใฏ
01:09
group of words with a subject-verb
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ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹
01:11
combination so Dexter won the bicycle
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ‡ใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใŒ่‡ช่ปข่ปŠใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใซๅ‹ใฃใŸใฎ
01:15
race is a clause because it has a
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ใฏไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ๅฅใงใ™
01:17
subject - Dexter and a verb - won is the past
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-ใƒ‡ใ‚ฏใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผใจๅ‹•่ฉž-ๅ‹ใฃใŸใฏๅ‹ๅˆฉใฎ้ŽๅŽป
01:22
tense of win so this is a clause. A
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ๅฝขใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฅใ€‚
01:26
phrase is a group of words without a
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ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใฏใ€
01:29
subject-verb combination. So near my home
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ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ๆŒใŸใชใ„ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ™ใ€‚ So near my home
01:32
is a phrase because there's no subject
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is a phrase because there is no subject
01:35
verb combination
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
01:36
It's very simple but keep this important
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็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ› ้žๅธธใซๅ˜็ด”ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใฎ้‡่ฆใช
01:39
difference in mind - a clause has a
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้•ใ„ใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ - ๅฅใซใฏ
01:42
subject-verb combination and a phrase
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ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฅใซ
01:45
does not. So now let me show you some
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚„ๅฅใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ญ˜ๅˆฅใ™ใ‚‹
01:48
more examples so that you can learn how
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ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๅญฆ็ฟ’ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใŠ่ฆ‹ใ›
01:50
to easily identify phrases and clauses
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01:59
Alright all the words that you see on
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ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
02:02
the screen are phrases. You'll notice
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็”ป้ขใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ™ใ€‚
02:05
that in all of these there's no subject
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใซไธป่ชžใฎ
02:08
verb combination and these examples also
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŒใชใใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไพ‹ใซ
02:11
show the most common types of phrases
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ใฏๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚‚็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆ
02:14
For example my two wonderful dogs is
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02:18
a phrase focusing on the noun dogs and
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02:21
the phrase the tallest building in the
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02:23
world focuses on the noun building so we
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ่ฉžใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใชใฎใง
02:26
say that these are noun phrases.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ่ฉžๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:29
What about couldn't go and will be
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่กŒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใชใ‹ใฃใŸใŒใ€ๅƒใไบˆๅฎšใฏ
02:31
working? Can you guess what type of
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ใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‹ๆŽจๆธฌใงใใพใ™ใ‹
02:35
phrases these are? These are
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? ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
02:38
verb phrases because they only have verbs
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใ—ใ‹ๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžๅฅ
02:41
in them. All of these words are verbs
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏใ™ในใฆๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™
02:45
similarly we have the adjective phrases
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžๅฅใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:48
very friendly and afraid of the dark
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้žๅธธใซๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงๆš—้—‡ใ‚’ๆใ‚Œ
02:50
we say that these are adjective phrases
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02:53
because the focus is on friendly and
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ็„ฆ็‚นใŒๅ‹ๅฅฝ็š„ใงๆใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™
02:56
afraid - the other words in these phrases
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- ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฅใฎไป–ใฎๅ˜่ชžใฏ
03:00
are only helping the main words and the
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ใ€ไธป่ฆใชๅ˜่ชžใจไธป่ฆใชๅ˜่ชžใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
03:03
main words are adjectives. Really fast
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่จ€่‘‰ใฏๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
03:07
and much quicker are adverb phrases
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžๅฅใฏ้žๅธธใซ้€Ÿใใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้€Ÿใ
03:10
because the adverbs fast and quicker are
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03:14
the focus of these phrases and finally
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅฅใฎ็„ฆ็‚นใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆœ€ๅพŒ
03:17
what about near the post office and on
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ใซ้ƒตไพฟๅฑ€ใฎ่ฟ‘ใ
03:19
the 29th? Do you know? These are preposition
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ใจ 29 ๆ—ฅใฏใฉใ†ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใใ‚Œใžใ‚ŒใŒๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž
03:23
phrases because each of these tells us
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03:26
about a place or about time using the
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ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๅ ดๆ‰€ใ‚„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹
03:29
prepositions near and on. These are the
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ
03:33
most common types of phrases that you
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้ญ้‡ใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไธป่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›
03:35
will come across and once again remember
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03:38
these are phrases because they don't
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ใŒใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
03:41
have a subject verb combination. So let's
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ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใงใฏ
03:45
now look at some examples of clauses
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ใ€็ฏ€ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚็ฏ€
03:50
like I said a clause is just like a
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ใฏๅฅใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎ
03:57
phrase - it's a group of words but a
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ™ใŒใ€
04:00
clause has a subject verb combination
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็ฏ€ใซใฏไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ
04:03
now in English there are many different
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็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ› ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ•ใพใ–ใพใช
04:06
kinds of causes but the two most
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็จฎ้กžใฎๅŽŸๅ› ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚
04:08
important that you need to know about
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้‡่ฆใช2ใคใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ ็‹ฌ็ซ‹็ฏ€ใจๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
04:10
are independent and dependent clauses
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04:14
let's start with the independent clause
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็‹ฌ็ซ‹็ฏ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:17
this is simply a clause that can stand
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๆ–‡ใจใ—ใฆ็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใงใใ‚‹ๅ˜ใชใ‚‹็ฏ€ใงใ™
04:20
alone as a sentence. For example He ate
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€He ate
04:24
dinner
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dinner
04:25
this is a clause because it has a
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
04:28
subject - he - and a verb - ate - past tense of
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ไธป่ชž (he) ใจๅ‹•่ฉž (ate) ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข
04:32
eat and it's independent because it can
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ใŒ
04:35
be a sentence on its own. So what's a
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใŒๆ–‡ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:38
dependent clause then? Well it's a clause
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†๏ผŸ
04:41
that is it has a subject-verb
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ไธป่ชžใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็ฏ€ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“
04:43
combination but it cannot be a sentence
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ใงใฏๆ–‡ใซใฏใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
04:46
by itself. For example When James got
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ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€When James got
04:49
home is a dependent clause - it has a
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home ใฏๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
04:52
subject - James - and a verb - got - but if you
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ไธป่ชžใฎ James ใจๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ got ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใ
04:56
think about it it's not a complete
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่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใ‚‹ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›
04:58
sentence because if I said when James
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05:01
got home you will ask okay then what?
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ใ‚“ใ€‚
05:04
What happened?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
05:06
So you see the sentence isn't complete
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ๆ–‡ใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
05:09
so this is a dependent clause. To make it
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:13
a full sentence you have to combine it
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
05:15
with an independent clause such as When
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ใฏใ€ๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็‹ฌ็ซ‹็ฏ€
05:19
James got home he ate dinner. In this
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ใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ
05:22
next example Please send me the report
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ๆฌกใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใ€ใงใใ‚Œใฐใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:24
tomorrow if you can - the sentence has two
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- ๆ–‡ใซใฏ 2 ใคใฎ
05:28
clauses - here the first clause is
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็ฏ€ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ - ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ็ฏ€ใฏ
05:31
independent
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05:31
Please send me the report tomorrow and
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็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใ—ใฆใ„
ใพใ™ ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใƒฌใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚’้€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:34
the second clause is dependent - if you
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05:37
can. Usually dependent clauses will have
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ใ€‚ ้€šๅธธใ€ๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใซใฏ
05:40
words like when while whenever before
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when while when when before after ใชใฉใฎๅ˜่ชž
05:44
after
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05:45
because if unless and so on
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05:49
Really simple isn't it? OK now I'm going
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ใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใงใฏ
05:52
to give you a small test to see you can
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ใ€
05:55
identify phrases and clauses correctly
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ๅฅใจๅฅใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ่ญ˜ๅˆฅใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ็ฐกๅ˜ใชใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’
05:59
OK on the screen there are 10 items and
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่กŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็”ป้ขใซใฏ 10 ๅ€‹ใฎ้ …็›ฎใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
06:07
for each item I want you to say if it's
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ใ€ๅ„้ …็›ฎใซใคใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅฅใ‹ๅฅใ‹ใ‚’็ญ”ใˆใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใพใ™
06:09
a phrase or clause. You get bonus points
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ใ€‚
06:12
if you can say what type of phrase or
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ใฉใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใพใŸใฏๅฅใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€ใƒœใƒผใƒŠใ‚น ใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใงใใพใ™
06:15
clause. Pause the video if you want,
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ใ€‚ ๅฟ…่ฆใซๅฟœใ˜ใฆใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไธ€ๆ™‚ๅœๆญขใ—
06:17
think about your answers and then play
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ใ€็ญ”ใˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใ‹ใ‚‰
06:19
the video again and check
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ใ€ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆๅ†็”Ÿใ—ใฆใ€[OK] ใซใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:21
OK let's discuss the answers - number one
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็ญ”ใˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใ„ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:30
in the garden is a phrase because there's
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ๅบญใงใƒŠใƒณใƒใƒผใƒฏใƒณใฏ
06:33
no subject verb combination and it's a
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ไธป่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใŒใชใ„
06:36
preposition phrase because it tells us
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ใŸใ‚ใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚ 2 ็•ช็›ฎ
06:39
about a place using the preposition in
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ใฎๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๆ‰€
06:42
number two is a clause - it has a subject
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ใฏ็ฏ€ใงใ™ - ไธป่ชž
06:47
Charlie and a verb - won
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Charlie ใจๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ - win
06:49
this is a dependent clause because it
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
06:52
starts with while and it's not a
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ใฏ while ใงๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€
06:55
complete sentence. Number three is also a
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ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ 3็•ช็›ฎใ‚‚
06:58
clause but it's an independent clause
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็ฏ€ใงใ™ใŒ
07:00
because it could be a sentence by itself
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ใ€ใใ‚Œ่‡ชไฝ“ใงๆ–‡ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใ—ใŸ็ฏ€ใงใ™
07:04
number four is not a clause it's a phrase
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ใ€‚4็•ช็›ฎใฏ็ฏ€ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚
07:07
there's no subject verb combination and
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ไธป่ชžใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅ่ฉžใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
07:10
it's a noun phrase because it focuses on
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ใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ่ฉžๅฅ
07:13
the noun box. Number five is a clause and it's
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ 5 ็•ช็›ฎใฏๆก้ …ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
07:17
an independent clause. Number six is a phrase
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ใ€็‹ฌ็ซ‹ใ—ใŸๆก้ …ใงใ™ใ€‚ 6 ็•ชใฏๅฅ
07:21
and it's an adjective phrase because the
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ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
07:24
focus is on hungry. Number seven is
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ใ€็ฉบ่…นใซ็„ฆ็‚นใŒๅฝ“ใฆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚ 7็•ชใฏ
07:28
afraid and it's a verb phrase. Number
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ๆ€–ใใฆๅ‹•่ฉžๅฅใงใ™ใ€‚
07:31
eight is a clause and it's a dependent
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8 ็•ช็›ฎใฏ็ฏ€ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
07:34
clause because it's not a full sentence
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ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๆ–‡ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ๅพ“ๅฑž็ฏ€ใงใ™
07:37
Number nine is a phrase and this phrase is
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ใ€‚9 ็•ช็›ฎใฏๅฅใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใฎๅฅ
07:42
an adverb phrase because the focus is
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ใฏๅ‰ฏ่ฉžๅฅ
07:45
the adverbs slowly and steadily. And
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใŒใ‚†ใฃใใ‚Šใจ็€ๅฎŸใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
07:48
finally number ten is a little tricky -
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ 10 ็•ชใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใƒˆใƒชใƒƒใ‚ญใƒผใงใ™ -
07:51
this is actually not one phrase or
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ 1 ใคใฎๅฅใ‚„
07:53
clause
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็ฏ€ใง
07:54
this is a sentence with two clauses - the
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ 2 ใคใฎ็ฏ€ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใงใ™ -
07:57
first cause Whenever I play a video game
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎๅŽŸๅ›  ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใณใซ
07:59
is dependent and the second clause - it
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ไพๅญ˜ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€2 ็•ช็›ฎใฎ็ฏ€ -
08:02
reminds me of my childhood - is
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ๅญไพ›ใฎ้ ƒใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ -
08:04
independent
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็‹ฌ็ซ‹ๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
08:06
How many of those did you get right? Let
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ไฝ•ๅ•ๆญฃ่งฃใงใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
08:09
me know in the comments section, I hope
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ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆๆฌ„ใง
08:11
you enjoyed this lesson
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ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:12
don't forget to subscribe to this
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ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ™ใ
08:14
channel and I will see you in another
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ใซๅˆฅใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
08:16
lesson soon
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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